What you need to know for a physics major. VPR in physics: reviewing assignments with the teacher

To prepare for the VPR 2019, the 2018 options are suitable.

VPR in physics grade 11 options with answers 2018

This test is not mandatory and is carried out in 2018 by decision of the school.

The test in physics includes 18 tasks, and 1 hour 30 minutes (90 minutes) is allotted for its completion. Participants in the physics course are allowed to use a calculator.

The work tests the mastery of all sections of the basic level physics course: mechanics, molecular physics, electrodynamics, quantum physics and elements of astrophysics.

When completing VPR tasks, eleventh-graders must demonstrate an understanding of the basic concepts, phenomena, quantities and laws studied in the physics course, the ability to apply the acquired knowledge to describe the structure and operating principles of various technical objects or recognize the studied phenomena and processes in the world around them. Also, within the framework of the VPR, the ability to work with textual information of physical content is tested.

The following skills are tested here: grouping learned concepts; find definitions of physical quantities or concepts; recognize a physical phenomenon by its description and highlight essential properties in the description of a physical phenomenon; analyze changes in physical quantities in various processes; work with physical models; use physical laws to explain phenomena and processes; build graphs of the dependence of physical quantities that characterize the process according to its description, and apply laws and formulas to calculate quantities.

At the beginning of the work, nine tasks are offered that test graduates’ understanding of the basic concepts, phenomena, quantities and laws studied in the physics course.

The next group of three tasks checks the level of methodological skills of graduates. The first task is based on a photograph of a measuring device and evaluates the readings taking into account the specified measurement error. The second task tests the ability to analyze experimental data presented in the form of graphs or tables. In the third task from this group, based on a given hypothesis, you are asked to independently plan a simple study and describe its implementation.

Next, a group of three tasks is proposed that tests the ability to apply acquired knowledge to describe the structure and operating principles of various technical objects. The first task asks graduates to identify the physical phenomenon underlying the operating principle of the specified device (or technical object).

Next follow two contextual tasks. They offer a description of a device or a fragment from the instructions for using the device. Based on available information, graduates must identify the phenomenon (process) underlying the operation of the device and demonstrate an understanding of the basic characteristics of the device or the rules for its safe use.

The last group of three tasks tests the ability to work with textual information of physical content. As a rule, the proposed texts contain various types of graphic information (tables, schematic drawings, graphs). Tasks in the group are structured based on testing various skills in working with text: from questions on highlighting and understanding information presented explicitly in the text, to tasks on applying information from the text and existing knowledge.

Authors: Lebedeva Alevtina Sergeevna Physics teacher, 27 years of work experience.
Certificate of Honor from the Ministry of Education of the Moscow Region (2013),
Gratitude from the Head of the Voskresensky Municipal District (2015),
Certificate from the President of the Association of Teachers of Mathematics and Physics of the Moscow Region (2015).

Preparation for the OGE and the Unified State Exam

Secondary general education

Line UMK Purysheva. Physics (10-11) (BU)

Line UMK G. Ya. Myakisheva, M.A. Petrova. Physics (10-11) (B)

Line UMK G. Ya. Myakishev. Physics (10-11) (U)

The All-Russian test includes 18 tasks. 1 hour 30 minutes (90 minutes) is allotted to complete the physics work. You are allowed to use a calculator when completing assignments. The work includes groups of tasks that test skills that are part of the requirements for the level of training of graduates. When developing the content of the test work, the need to assess the assimilation of content elements from all sections of the basic level physics course: mechanics, molecular physics, electrodynamics, quantum physics and elements of astrophysics is taken into account. The table shows the distribution of assignments across sections of the course. Some of the tasks in the work are complex in nature and include content elements from different sections; tasks 15–18 are based on textual information, which can also relate to several sections of the physics course at once. Table 1 shows the distribution of tasks for the main content sections of the physics course.

Table 1. Distribution of tasks according to the main content sections of the physics course

The VPR is developed based on the need to verify the requirements for the level of training of graduates. Table 2 shows the distribution of tasks by basic skills and methods of action.

Table 2. Distribution of tasks by types of skills and methods of action

Evaluation system for individual tasks and work as a whole

Tasks 2, 4–7, 9–11, 13–17 are considered completed if the answer recorded by the student matches the correct answer. Completion of each of tasks 4–7, 9–11, 14, 16 and 17 is scored 1 point. Completion of each of tasks 2, 13 and 15 is scored 2 points if both elements of the answer are correct; 1 point if there is an error in indicating one of the given answer options. The completion of each of the tasks with a detailed answer 1, 3, 8, 12 and 18 is assessed taking into account the correctness and completeness of the answer. For each task with a detailed answer, instructions are provided that indicate what each point is awarded for - from zero to the maximum point.

Task 1

Read the list of concepts that you encountered in the physics course: Convection, degrees Celsius, Ohm, Photoelectric effect, Light dispersion, centimeter

Divide these concepts into two groups according to the criteria you choose. Write down the name of each group and the concepts included in this group in the table.

Solution

The task requires dividing concepts into two groups according to a selected criterion, recording the name of each group and the concepts included in this group in a table.

Be able to select only physical phenomena from the proposed phenomena. Remember the list of physical quantities and their units of measurement.

The body moves along the axis OH. The figure shows a graph of the projection of the body velocity onto the axis OH from time to time t.

Using the picture, select from the list provided two

1. At a moment in time t 1 body was at rest.
2. t 2 < t < t 3 the body moved uniformly
3. Over a period of time t 3 < t < t 5, the body coordinate did not change.
4. At a moment in time t t 2
5. At a moment in time t 4 body acceleration modulus is less than at the moment of time t 1

Solution

When performing this task, it is important to correctly read the graph of the velocity projection versus time. Determine the nature of body movement in individual areas. Determine where the body was at rest or moving uniformly. Select the area where the speed of the body changed. From the proposed statements, it is reasonable to exclude those that do not apply. As a result, we settle on true statements. This statement 1: At a moment in time t 1 the body was at rest, so the projection of velocity is 0. Statement 4: At a moment in time t 5 the coordinate of the body was greater than at the moment of time t 2 when v x= 0. The projection of the body velocity was greater in value. Having written the equation for the dependence of the body’s coordinates on time, we see that x(t) = v x t + x 0 , x 0 – initial coordinate of the body.

The body floats up from the bottom of a glass of water (see picture). Draw in this figure the forces acting on the body and the direction of its acceleration.

Solution

We carefully read the task. We pay attention to what happens to the cork in the glass. The cork floats up from the bottom of a glass of water, and with acceleration. We indicate the forces acting on the plug. This is the force of gravity m acting from the Earth, the Archimedes force A, acting on the part of the liquid, and the resistance force of the liquid c. It is important to understand that the sum of the modules of the gravity vectors and the fluid resistance force is less than the module of the Archimedean force. This means that the resulting force is directed upward, according to Newton’s second law, the acceleration vector has the same direction. The acceleration vector is directed in the direction of the Archimedes force A

Task 4

Read the text and fill in the missing words: decreases; increases; does not change. Words in the text may be repeated.

A figure skater, standing on the ice, catches a bouquet that flew up to him horizontally. As a result, the speed of the bouquet is _______________, the speed of the skater is ________________, the momentum of the system of bodies of the skater is the bouquet ___________.

Solution

The task requires you to remember the concept of momentum of a body and the law of conservation of momentum. Before the interaction, the skater’s momentum was zero, so he was at rest relative to the Earth. The impulse of the bouquet is maximum. After the interaction, the skater and the bouquet begin to move together at a common speed. Therefore, the speed of the bouquet decreases, skater speed increases. In general, the impulse of the skater-bouquet system is does not change.

Four metal bars were placed close to each other, as shown in the figure. The arrows indicate the direction of heat transfer from block to block. The temperatures of the bars are currently 100 °C, 80 °C, 60 °C, 40 °C. The bar has a temperature of 60 °C.

Solution

The change in internal energy and its transfer from one body to another occurs in the process of interaction of bodies. In our case, the change in internal energy occurs due to the collision of chaotically moving molecules of contacting bodies. Heat transfer between the bars occurs from bodies with greater internal energy to bars with less internal energy. The process continues until thermal equilibrium occurs.

Bar B has a temperature of 60° C.

The figure shows PV-diagram of processes in an ideal gas. The mass of the gas is constant. Which area does isochoric heating correspond to?

Solution

In order to correctly select the section of the graph corresponding to isochoric heating, it is necessary to recall isoprocesses. The task is simplified by the fact that the graphs are given in axes PV. Isochoric heating is a process in which the volume of an ideal gas does not change, but with increasing temperature the pressure increases. Let's remember - this is Charles' law. Therefore, this is the area OA. Excluding the area OS, where the volume also does not change, but the pressure decreases, which corresponds to cooling of the gas.

Metal ball 1, mounted on a long insulating handle and having a charge + q, are brought alternately into contact with two similar balls 2 and 3, located on insulating supports and having, respectively, charges - q and + q.

What charge will remain on ball No. 3.

Solution

After the interaction of the first ball with a second ball of the same size, the charge of these balls will become zero. Since these charges are identical in modulus. After the first ball comes into contact with the third, charge redistribution will occur. The charge will be divided equally. It will be q/2 on each.

Answer: q/2.

Task 8

Determine how much heat will be released in the heating coil in 10 minutes when an electric current of 2 A flows. The resistance of the coil is 15 Ohms.

Solution

First of all, let's convert the units of measurement to the SI system. Time t= 600 s, We further note that when current passes I = 2 A spiral with resistance R= 15 Ohm, in 600 s the amount of heat is released Q = I 2 Rt(Joule-Lenz law). Let's substitute the numerical values ​​into the formula: Q= (2 A)2 15 Ohm 600 s = 36000 J

Answer: 36000 J.

Task 9

Arrange the types of electromagnetic waves emitted by the Sun in order of decreasing wavelengths. X-ray, infrared, ultraviolet

Solution

Familiarization with the scale of electromagnetic waves assumes that the graduate must clearly understand the sequence in which electromagnetic radiation is located. Know the relationship between wavelength and frequency of radiation

Where v– radiation frequency, c– speed of propagation of electromagnetic radiation. Remember that the speed of propagation of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum is the same and equal to 300,000 km/s. The scale begins with long waves of lower frequency, this is infrared radiation, the next radiation with a higher frequency, respectively, is ultraviolet radiation, and the higher frequency of the proposed ones is x-ray radiation. Understanding that the frequency increases and the wavelength decreases, we write in the required sequence.

Answer: Infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation, X-ray radiation.

Using a fragment of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements presented in the figure, determine which isotope of the element is formed as a result of the electronic beta decay of bismuth

Solution

β - decay in the atomic nucleus occurs as a result of the transformation of a neutron into a proton with the emission of an electron. As a result of this decay, the number of protons in the nucleus increases by one, and the electric charge increases by one, but the mass number of the nucleus remains unchanged. Thus, the transformation reaction of the element is as follows:

in general terms. For our case we have:

The charge number 84 corresponds to polonium.

Answer: As a result of the electron beta decay of bismuth, polonium is formed.

Task 11

A) The division value and the measuring limit of the device are equal, respectively:

1. 50 A, 2A;
2. 2 mA, 50 mA;
3. 10 A, 50 A;
4. 50 mA, 10 mA.

B) Write down the result of the electrical voltage, taking into account that the measurement error is equal to half the division value.

1. (2.4 ± 0.1) V
2. (2.8 ± 0.1) V
3. (4.4 ± 0.2) V
4. (4.8 ± 0.2) V

Solution

The task tests the ability to record readings of measuring instruments taking into account a given measurement error and the ability to correctly use any measuring instrument (beaker, thermometer, dynamometer, voltmeter, ammeter) in everyday life. In addition, it focuses on recording the result taking into account significant figures. Determine the name of the device. This is a milliAmmeter. A device for measuring current strength. Units of measurement are mA. The measurement limit is the maximum scale value, 50 mA. The division value is 2 mA.

Answer: 2 mA, 50 mA.

If you need to record the readings of a measuring device from a drawing, taking into account the error, then the execution algorithm is as follows:

We determine that the measuring device is a voltmeter. The voltmeter has two measurement scales. We pay attention to which pair of terminals is used on the device, and therefore we work on the upper scale. Measurement limit – 6 V; Division price With = 0.2 V; The measurement error according to the problem conditions is equal to half the division value. ∆ U= 0.1 V.

Indications of the measuring device taking into account the error: (4.8 ± 0.1) V.

• Sheet of paper;
• Laser pointer;
• Protractor;

In response:

1. Describe the procedure for conducting the study.

Solution

You need to investigate how the angle of refraction of light changes depending on the substance in which the phenomenon of refraction of light is observed. The following equipment is available (see picture):

• Sheet of paper;
• Laser pointer;
• Semicircular plates made of glass, polystyrene and rock crystal;
• Protractor;

In response:

1. Describe the experimental setup.
2. Describe the procedure

The experiment uses the setup shown in the figure. The angle of incidence and angle of refraction are measured using a protractor. It is necessary to conduct two or three experiments in which a laser pointer beam is directed at plates made of different materials: glass, polystyrene, rock crystal. The angle of incidence of the beam on the flat face of the plate is left unchanged, and the angle of refraction is measured. The obtained values ​​of refraction angles are compared.

Task 13

Establish a correspondence between examples of manifestations of physical phenomena and physical phenomena. For each example from the first column, select the corresponding name of the physical phenomenon from the second column.

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Solution

Let us establish a correspondence between examples of the manifestation of physical phenomena and physical phenomena. For each example from the first column, we will select the corresponding names of the physical phenomenon from the second column.

Under the influence of the electric field of a charged ebonite stick, the needle of an uncharged electrometer is deflected when the stick is brought close to it. Due to the electrification of the conductor through influence. Magnetization of a substance in a magnetic field occurs when iron filings are attracted to a piece of magnetic ore.

Read the text and complete tasks 14 and 15

Electrostatic precipitators

Electrical gas purification from solid impurities is widely used in industrial enterprises. The operation of the electrostatic precipitator is based on the use of corona discharge. You can do the following experiment: a vessel filled with smoke suddenly becomes transparent if sharp metal electrodes charged differently from an electric machine are introduced into it.

The figure shows a diagram of a simple electrostatic precipitator: inside a glass tube there are two electrodes (a metal cylinder and a thin metal wire stretched along its axis). The electrodes are connected to an electrical machine. If you blow a stream of smoke or dust through the tube and operate the machine, then at a certain voltage sufficient to ignite the corona discharge, the emerging stream of air becomes clean and transparent.

This is explained by the fact that when a corona discharge is ignited, the air inside the tube is highly ionized. Gas ions stick to dust particles and thereby charge them. Charged particles under the influence of an electric field move towards the electrodes and settle on them

Task 14

What process is observed in a gas in a strong electric field?

Solution

We carefully read the proposed text. We highlight the processes that are described in the condition. We are talking about a corona discharge inside a glass tube. The air is ionized. Gas ions stick to dust particles and thereby charge them. Charged particles, under the influence of an electric field, move towards the electrodes and settle on them.

Answer: Corona discharge, ionization.

Task 15

Select from the list provided two true statements. Indicate their numbers.

1. A spark discharge occurs between the two filter electrodes.
2. You can use silk thread as a thin wire in the filter.
3. According to the connection of the electrodes shown in the figure, negatively charged particles will settle on the walls of the cylinder.
4. At low voltages, air purification in the electrostatic precipitator will occur slowly.
5. A corona discharge can be observed at the tip of a conductor placed in a strong electric field.

Solution

To answer, we will use the text about electric precipitators. We exclude incorrect statements from the proposed list using the description of electrical air purification. We look at the figure and pay attention to the connection of the electrodes. The thread is connected to the negative pole, the walls of the cylinder to the positive pole of the source. Charged particles will settle on the walls of the cylinder. True statement 3. A corona discharge can be observed at the tip of a conductor placed in a strong electric field.

Read the text and complete Tasks 16–18

When exploring great depths, underwater vehicles such as bathyscaphes and bathyspheres are used. The bathysphere is a deep-sea apparatus in the shape of a ball, which is lowered into the water from the side of the ship on a steel cable.

Several prototypes of modern bathyspheres appeared in Europe in the 16th–19th centuries. One of them is a diving bell, the design of which was proposed in 1716 by the English astronomer Edmond Halley (see figure). The wooden bell, open at the base, housed up to five people, partially submerged in water. They received air from two barrels lowered alternately from the surface, from where the air entered the bell through a leather sleeve. Wearing a leather helmet, the diver could conduct observations outside the bell, receiving air from it through an additional hose. The exhaust air was released through a tap located at the top of the bell.

The main disadvantage of Halley's bell is that it cannot be used at great depths. As the bell sinks, the density of the air in it increases so much that it becomes impossible to breathe. Moreover, when a diver stays for a long time in a high-pressure zone, the blood and body tissues become saturated with air gases, mainly nitrogen, which can lead to the so-called decompression sickness when the diver rises from depth to the surface of the water.

Prevention of decompression sickness requires compliance with working hours and proper organization of decompression (exit from the high pressure zone).

The time divers stay at depth is regulated by special diving safety rules (see table).

Task 16

How does the air pressure in it change as the bell sinks?

Task 17

How does a diver's permissible working time change as the depth of the dive increases?

Task 16–17. Solution

We read the text carefully and examined the drawing of a diving bell, the design of which was proposed by the English astronomer E. Halley. We got acquainted with the table in which the time divers stay at depth is regulated by special diving safety rules.

The table shows that the greater the pressure (the greater the depth of the dive), the less time the diver can stay on it.

Task 16. Answer: Air pressure increases

Task 17. Answer: Allowable operating time decreases

Task 18

Is it acceptable for a diver to work at a depth of 30 m for 2.5 hours? Explain your answer.

Solution

A diver's work at a depth of 30 meters for 2.5 hours is permissible. Since at a depth of 30 meters the hydrostatic pressure is approximately 3 10 5 Pa or 3 atm atmosphere) in addition to atmospheric pressure. The permissible time for a diver to remain at this pressure is 2 hours 48 minutes, which is more than the required 2.5 hours.

The manual presents 20 versions of test papers in physics for 7th grade students. Each test contains 10 tasks that cover all the main topics of the physics course in the 7th grade of general education institutions. All tasks have answers and a detailed evaluation system for their completion. The workshop is necessary for 7th grade students, teachers and methodologists who use standard tasks to prepare for the All-Russian test.
The test includes 10 tasks, the completion of which takes 1 lesson (45 minutes). Formulate your answers in the text of the work according to the instructions for the assignments. If you write down an incorrect answer, cross it out and write down the correct answer next to it.
You are allowed to use a calculator when doing work.

VPR. Physics. 7th grade. Workshop. Ivanova V.V.

Description of the textbook

OPTION 1
Fill in the right column of the table by entering the words water, time, diffu
Zia, stone in accordance with the words in the left column.

Answer:
Division price_
Instrument reading_
The vehicle speed is 60 km/h. How far will he travel in 10 minutes? Write down the formula and do the calculations.
Answer:
The motorcycle's gas tank capacity is 16 liters, gasoline density is 710 kg/m3. Find the mass of gasoline filling the gas tank. Write down the formula and do the calculations. 1 l = 0.001 m3.
Answer:

NAME OF FORCE A) Elastic force B) Friction force
DEFINITION
1) The force with which the Earth attracts bodies to itself
2) Occurs when one body moves along the surface of another
3) Acts on the support or stretches the suspension
4) Occurs when the body is deformed. Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.
Answer:

1) Pressure is measured in pascals.
2) Atmospheric pressure is measured by a dynamometer.
3) The pressure of the liquid on the bottom and walls of the vessel is inversely proportional to the density of the liquid and the height of the liquid column.
4) A hydraulic press is a machine that gives a gain in strength.
5) In communicating vessels, the liquid level is always the same.
Answer:
The Archimedean force acting on a body immersed in a liquid turned out to be less than the force of gravity. What will happen to the body?
Answer:_
The picture shows a falling ball. Draw in this figure the force of gravity acting on the ball.
The load is kept in balance using the block shown in the figure, acting by force F = 8 N. What is the weight of the load?
Answer:
An athlete throws a ball weighing 0.45 kg (see figure). What is the kinetic energy of the ball? 10 m/s

Answer:
OPTION 2
Fill out the right column of the table by entering the words and phrases force, glass, parachutist's descent, closet in accordance with the words in the left column.
Physical body
Substance
Physical quantity
Physical phenomenon
Look carefully at the drawing. Record the division value and the meter reading.
Answer:
Division price_
Instrument reading_
How fast was the motorcycle moving if it traveled 15 kilometers in 20 minutes? Express your answer in km/h. Write down the formula and do the calculations.
Answer:
You can pour 200 grams of water into a glass. Find the capacity of this glass if the density of water is 1 g/cm3. Write down the formula and do the calculations.
Answer:
Match the name of the force with its definition.
NAME OF POWER DEFINITION
A) Body weight 1) Occurs when one body moves along
B) Gravity of the surface of another

3) Occurs when the body is deformed
4) The force with which the Earth attracts bodies to itself
Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.
Answer:
Select two correct statements from the list provided and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
The pressure of a solid body is a physical quantity equal to the ratio of the force acting perpendicular to the surface to the area of ​​this surface.
The pressure of the liquid on the bottom and walls of the vessel is directly proportional to the density of the liquid and inversely proportional to the height of the liquid column.
An example of communicating vessels are sluices. Atmospheric pressure increases with altitude.
A hydraulic press is a rigid body that can rotate around a fulcrum.
Answer:
The balloon was filled with helium. The Archimedean force acting on the ball turned out to be greater than the force of gravity. What will happen to the ball?
Answer:
The figure shows a block sliding across the surface of a table. Draw in this figure the force of gravity acting on the block.
The picture shows a lever. Force Fx = 20 N, force F2 = 40 force 1g = 4 dm. Find the length of the force arm 12. The mass of the bench press lever is small. Write down the formula and do the calculations.
Answer:
An apple weighing 150 g hangs on a branch of an apple tree (see figure). What is the potential energy of an apple?
Write down the formulas and do the calculations. Express your answer in joules.
Answer:
X
OPTION 3
Fill out the right column of the table by entering the words and phrases air, skateboard movement, volume, block in accordance with the words in the left column.
Physical body
Substance
Physical quantity
Physical phenomenon
Look carefully at the drawing. Record the division value and the meter reading.
Answer:
Division price_
Instrument reading_
The bus speed is 50 km/h. How far will he travel in 90 minutes? Write down the formula and do the calculations.
Answer:
The silver ring has a mass of 5.25 g and a volume of 0.5 cm3. Find the density of silver in g/cm3. Write down the formula and do the calculations.
Answer:
1 5 1 Establish a correspondence between the name of force and its definition.
NAME OF FORCE A) Elastic force B) Gravity force
DEFINITION
1) Occurs when the body is deformed
2) Acts on the support or stretches the suspension
3) The force with which the Earth attracts bodies to itself
4) Occurs when one body moves along the surface of another
Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters. Answer:
Select two correct statements from the list provided and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) The pressure exerted on a wooden block by a weight placed on top is transmitted in all directions without change.
2) Atmospheric pressure is measured with a beaker.
3) In communicating vessels, the height of a column of liquid with a higher density will be less than the height of a column of liquid with a lower density.
4) According to Pascal's law, the pressure exerted on a liquid or gas is transmitted with increasing pressure to each point of the liquid or gas.
5) The action of a hydraulic press is based on Pascal's law.
Answer:
A toy boat floats in the pool. A small weight was placed on it. What will happen to the boat?

VPR. Physics. 7th grade. Workshop.

VPR. Physics. 11th grade

All-Russian test work in PHYSICS

DESCRIPTION

ALL-RUSSIAN VERIFICATION WORK

IN PHYSICS

11th grade

prepared by the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution

"FEDERAL INSTITUTE OF PEDAGOGICAL MEASUREMENTS" 1. Assignment of the All-Russian test work

The All-Russian Test Work (VPR) is intended for the final assessment of the educational training of graduates who have studied a school physics course at a basic level.

2. Documents defining the content of the VPR

The content of the all-Russian test work in physics is determined on the basis of the Federal component of the state educational standard (FC GOS) of secondary (complete) general education in physics, basic level (Order of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated March 5, 2004 No. 1089 “On approval of the Federal component of state standards for primary general, basic general and secondary (complete) general education").

3. Approaches to selecting content and developing the structure of the VPR

Based on the State Educational Standards FC for basic level physics, a codifier has been developed that defines a list of content elements and a list of methods of activity submitted for final testing (see Appendix).

The structure of the test reflects the need to check all the basic requirements for the level of training of graduates in a basic-level physics course. The work includes groups of tasks that test skills that are part of the requirements for the level of training of graduates. The selection of the content of a physics course for graduate education is carried out taking into account the general cultural and ideological significance of the content elements and their role in the general education of graduates.

At the beginning of the work, 10 tasks are offered that test the understanding of the basic concepts, phenomena, quantities and laws studied in the physics course. This group of tasks tests the ability to distinguish the studied conceptual apparatus and apply quantities and laws to describe and explain phenomena and processes. Here 3 tasks are based on the content of mechanics; 2 tasks – on the content of molecular physics; 3 tasks - on the content of electrodynamics and 1 task - on the material of quantum physics.

The next group of two tasks tests the maturity of methodological skills. The first task is based on a photograph of a measuring device and evaluates the readings taking into account a given measurement error. In the second task, based on a given hypothesis, you are asked to independently plan a simple study and describe its implementation.

Next, a group of three tasks is proposed that tests the ability to apply acquired knowledge to describe the structure and principles of operation of various technical objects or recognize the studied phenomena and processes in the surrounding world. The first task is complex in nature and asks students to either identify a physical phenomenon that manifests itself in various processes from the surrounding life, or identify a physical phenomenon that underlies the principle of operation of the specified device (or technical object). Next come two contextual tasks. Here a description of a device is offered (as a rule, these are devices that students encounter in everyday life). Based on available information, students must identify the phenomenon or process underlying the operation of the device and demonstrate an understanding of the basic characteristics of the device or the rules for its safe use.

The last group of three tasks tests the ability to work with textual information of physical content. As a rule, the proposed texts contain various types of graphic information (tables, schematic drawings, graphs). The tasks in the group were selected based on testing various skills in working with text: from questions to highlighting

and understanding the information presented explicitly in the text, before tasks on applying information from the text and the existing stock of knowledge.

4. Structure and content of the all-Russian test work

Each version of the VPR contains 18 tasks, differing in forms and levels of complexity. The work includes 13 tasks, the answers to which are presented as a sequence of numbers, symbols, letters, a word or several words. The work contains 5 tasks with a detailed answer, which differ in the volume of a complete correct answer - from a few words (for example, when filling out a table) to three or four sentences (for example, when describing a plan for conducting an experiment).

When developing the content of the test work, the need to assess the assimilation of content elements from all sections of the basic level physics course: mechanics, molecular physics, electrodynamics, quantum physics and elements of astrophysics is taken into account. The table shows the distribution of assignments across sections of the course. Some of the tasks in the work are complex in nature and include content elements from different sections; tasks 15–18 are based on textual information, which can also relate to several sections of the physics course at once. Table 1 shows the distribution of tasks for the main content sections of the physics course.

Table 1. Distribution of tasks according to the main content sections of the physics course

The VPR is developed based on the need to verify the requirements for the level of training of graduates specified in section 2 of the codifier. Table 2 shows the distribution of tasks by basic skills and methods of action.

Table 2. Distribution of tasks by types of skills and methods of action

Table 3. Distribution of tasks by difficulty level

Tasks 2, 4–7, 9–11, 13–17 are considered completed if the answer recorded by the student matches the correct answer.

Completion of each of tasks 4–7, 9–11, 14, 16 and 17 is scored 1 point.

Completion of each of tasks 2, 13 and 15 is scored 2 points if both elements of the answer are correct; 1 point if there is an error in indicating one answer options that can be considered correct and evaluation criteria are given.

The completion of each of the tasks with a detailed answer 1, 3, 8, 12 and 18 is assessed taking into account the correctness and completeness of the answer. For each task with a detailed answer, instructions are provided that indicate what each point is awarded for - from zero to the maximum point.

6. Lead time

1.5 hours (90 minutes) are allotted to complete the entire work.

7. Working conditions

Answers to tasks of the All-Russian test work are written down in the text of the work in the places provided for this. The instructions for the option describe the rules for recording answers to assignments.

8. Additional materials and equipment

When conducting VPR in physics, a non-programmable calculator is used (for each student).

9. Generalized plan for the VPR option in PHYSICS

ES codes (content elements) are presented in accordance with section 1, and requirement codes - in accordance with section 2 of the codifier of content elements and requirements for the level of training of graduates of general education organizations for conducting an all-Russian test in PHYSICS (see Appendix).

Difficulty levels of tasks: B – basic (approximate level of completion – 60–90%); P – increased (40–60%).

The Appendix provides a codifier of content elements and requirements for the level of training of graduates of general education organizations for conducting an all-Russian test in physics.

APPLICATION

Codifier

Elements of content and requirements for the level of training of graduates of general education organizations for conducting an all-Russian test in PHYSICS

The codifier of content elements in physics and requirements for the level of training of graduates of general education organizations is compiled on the basis of the Federal component of state standards for basic general and secondary (complete) general education in physics, basic level (order of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated March 5, 2004 No. 1089).

Section 1. List of content elements tested by tasks of the All-Russian test work in physics

Section 2. List of requirements for the level of training of graduates, the achievement of which is verified by tasks of the All-Russian test in physics

PHYSICS

11TH GRADE

Explanations for the sample of the All-Russian test work

When familiarizing yourself with a sample test work, you should keep in mind that the tasks included in the sample do not reflect all the skills and content issues that will be tested as part of the all-Russian test work. A complete list of content elements and skills that can be tested in the work is given in the codifier of content elements and requirements for the level of training of graduates for the development of an all-Russian test in physics. The purpose of the sample test work is to give an idea of ​​the structure of the all-Russian test work, the number and form of tasks, and their level of complexity.

ALL-RUSSIAN VERIFICATION WORK

PHYSICS

11TH GRADE

SAMPLE

Instructions for performing the work

The test includes 18 tasks. You are given 1 hour 30 minutes (90 minutes) to complete the physics work.

Formulate your answers in the text of the work according to the instructions for the assignments. If you write down an incorrect answer, cross it out and write a new one next to it.

You are allowed to use a calculator when doing work.

When completing assignments, you can use a draft. Entries in draft will not be reviewed or graded.

We advise you to complete the tasks in the order in which they are given. To save time, skip a task that you cannot complete immediately and move on to the next one. If you have time left after completing all the work, you can return to the missed tasks.

The points you receive for completed tasks are summed up. Try to complete as many tasks as possible and score the most points.

We wish you success!

Below is reference information that you may need when performing the work.

Decimal prefixes

Read the list of concepts you encountered in your physics course. volume, diffusion, current strength, magnetic induction, boiling, light refraction

Divide these concepts into two groups according to the criteria you choose. Write down the name of each group and the concepts included in this group in the table.

Select two statements that correctly describe the movement of the car, and write down the numbers under which they appear.

First 10 min. the car moves uniformly, and for the next 10 minutes. stands still.

First 10 min. the car moves uniformly accelerated, and for the next 10 min. – evenly.

The maximum vehicle speed for the entire observation period is 72 km/h.

After 30 min. the car stopped and then drove in the other direction.

The maximum acceleration module of the car for the entire observation period is 3 m/s 2 .

A man is trying to move a piano along the wall. In this figure, depict the forces that act on the piano and the direction of its acceleration if the instrument was able to move.

Read the text and fill in the missing words: decreases increases does not change Words in the answer may be repeated.

An icicle came off the roof of the house. As it falls, the kinetic energy of the icicle

Four metal bars (A, B, C and D) were placed close to each other, as shown in the figure. The arrows indicate the direction of heat transfer from block to block. The temperatures of the bars are currently 100°C, 80°C, 60°C, 40°C. Which of the bars has a temperature of 60°C?

Answer: block ______________

A curved cocktail tube (see picture) is inserted into a hermetically sealed juice bag, inside which there is a small column of juice. If you wrap your hands around the bag and heat it without putting pressure on it, a column of juice begins to move to the right towards the open end of the tube. Select all the statements that correctly characterize the process occurring with the air in the bag, and write down the numbers of the selected statements.

The air in the bag expands.

The air in the bag is compressed.

The air temperature is dropping.

The air temperature is rising.

The air pressure in the bag remains unchanged. 6) The air pressure in the bag increases.

Answer: _____________

The figure shows two identical electrometers, the balls of which have charges of opposite signs. What will be the readings of both electrometers if their balls are connected with a thin copper wire?

A B

Electrometer reading A: _____

Electrometer B readings: _____

The passport of the electric hair dryer states that the power of its motor is 1.2 kW at a network voltage of 220 V. Determine the strength of the current flowing through the electrical circuit of the hair dryer when it is plugged into an outlet.

Write down the formulas and do the calculations.

Answer: _________________________________________________________________________

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Arrange the types of electromagnetic waves emitted by the Sun in order of increasing frequency. Write down the corresponding sequence of numbers in your answer.

x-ray radiation

infrared radiation

visible radiation

Answer: ____ → ____ → _____

The figure shows a fragment of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements by D.I. Mendeleev. An isotope of uranium undergoes α decay, which produces a helium nucleus

2 He and the nucleus of another element. Determine which element is formed during the α-decay of the isotope

Answer: _____________________

Atmospheric pressure was measured using a barometer. The upper scale of the barometer is graduated in mmHg. Art., and the lower scale is in kPa (see figure). The error in measuring pressure is equal to the price of a barometer scale division.

Write down the barometer reading in mmHg as your answer. Art. taking into account measurement error.

Answer: ____________________________________

You need to investigate how the period of oscillation of a spring pendulum depends on the mass of the load. The following equipment is available:

electronic stopwatch;

a set of three springs of different stiffness;

set of five weights of 100 g;  tripod with coupling and foot.

Describe the procedure for conducting the study.

In response:

Sketch or describe the experimental setup.

Describe the procedure for conducting the study.

Answer: __________________________________________________________________________

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Establish a correspondence between the examples and the physical phenomena that these examples illustrate. For each example of the manifestation of physical phenomena from the first column, select the corresponding name of the physical phenomenon from the second column.

B) When cleaning clothes with a hair brush, lint sticks to it.

PHYSICAL PHENOMENA

electrification of the body during friction

electrification of the body through influence

magnetization of a substance in a magnetic field

interaction of a permanent magnet with the Earth's magnetic field

© 2017 Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science of the Russian Federation 23