History of the house on Gogol Boulevard 25.

M. "Arbatskaya", "Kropotkinskaya"

Its original name - Prechistensky - Boulevard, like the Prechistensky Gate Square, from which it departs, and the nearby Prechistenka Street, received its name from the Church of the Most Pure Mother of God of Smolensk in the Novodevichy Convent.
In 1924, during the celebrations of the 115th anniversary of the great Russian writer N.V. Gogol, Prechistensky Boulevard was renamed Gogolevsky.
The boulevard has three levels - its passages and the boulevard itself located between them are located at different height levels.
So, the internal passage, relative to the ring, is on the top step, the boulevard itself is on the middle, and the external passage is on the bottom. This relief of the boulevard was formed due to the fact that the Chertory (Chertoroy) stream, which washed the outer slope of the White City rampart and actually flowed at the site of the outer passage of the boulevard, had banks of different heights.

Residential buildings of the former communal house (House of Artists, Gogolevsky Blvd., 8)
Experimental public residential complex of the Workers' Housing and Construction Cooperative Partnership (RZHSKT) "Exemplary Construction".
Architects M.O. Barshch, V.N. Vladimirov, I.F. Milinis, S.V. Orlovsky, A.L. Pasternak and L.S. Slavina; leader M.Ya. Ginzburg. The same creative team worked on the Narkomfin house project. The building has features of a constructivist style.
The six-story building (building 1) with two-level residential cells for singles was built in 1929–1932.
In 1949–1952 built on 2 floors with apartments of a more traditional layout, which led to the loss of the terrace located there with a pedestrian bridge to the neighboring building.
The great Russian architect I. Leonidov lived in this house from 1932 to 1959, who worked in the studio of M.Ya. Ginzburg from 1934.
The basement of the house is the preserved basement of the refectory (late 17th – early 19th centuries) of the Church of the Rzhev Icon of the Mother of God at the Prechistensky Gate, which is an object of cultural heritage of regional significance.
The seven-story building (building 2) with 2–3-room apartments was built in 1929–1932. Intended for families.
Here in 1932, the poet and writer Boris Pasternak lived in the apartment of his brother, the architect A. Pasternak.
A group of architects and developers of these buildings, who mostly worked in the architectural studio of M.Ya. Ginzburg, located where the “Photo Center” is located today, also became residents of the new houses.
The complex is a cultural heritage site of regional significance.
A clear organization of space can be seen throughout. You won't find anything like it in Moscow anymore.
Multi-level honeycomb apartments (“cells”) have a unique layout - a bedroom, living room, hall and toilet. There is not a single apartment larger than 36 m2. The floor has original xylolite on which you can walk barefoot. The walls are lined with fiberboard, which was new for the time of its construction. A distinctive feature of the building is the flat roof where the solarium was installed.
The construction committee of the RSFSR created a new type of experimental housing, in which all the everyday needs of people - food, hygiene procedures and leisure - were to be separated from personal space, where it was supposed to indulge exclusively in “high” activities - self-education and relaxation.

Modern interior in a communal house, Gogolevsky Blvd., 8

Gogolevsky Blvd., 3. The main house of the city estate, the State drinking house, the profitable property of S.N. Volkonskaya, the apartment building with a bakery shop and the confectionery production of K.N. Filippov. Built around 1795, rebuilt in the 1820s. and at the end of the 1890s, according to the design of the architect A.Z. Zakharov	Gogolevsky Blvd., 3. The main house of the city estate, later - the profitable property of S.N. Volkonskaya, and then the apartment building with a bakery shop and confectionery production of K.N. Filippov. Built around 1795, rebuilt in the 1820s. and at the end of the 1890s, according to the design of the architect A.Z. Zakharov.	Gogolevsky Blvd. Monument to M.A. Sholokhov. Opened in 2007. Sculptors I. Rukavishnikov, A. Rukavishnikov, architect I. Voskresensky.
Gogolevsky Blvd., 5 building 1. City estate of P.F.Sekretaryov. The mansion was built in 1852 by architect N.I. Kozlovsky for State Councilor P.F. Secretarev. During the construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, architect K.A. Ton lived here. Cultural heritage site of regional significance	Gogolevsky Blvd., 6, building 1. The main house of the former city estate dates back to the second half of the 18th century, when its owner was Prince P.A. Menshikov. The next owner A.E. Zamyatin, later the mayor S.M. Tretyakov (brother of the founder of the art gallery), early 19th century, 1871–1875, architect A.S. Kaminsky. In 1892, the house was purchased by a large manufacturer P. Ryabushinsky. After 1917, the Revolutionary Tribunal was located here for some time. Object of cultural heritage of federal significance.	Gogolevsky Blvd., 8, building 2. Architectural monument "Club-dining room". The building was built in 1929 on the site of the demolished clergy house of the Church of the Rzhev Icon of the Mother of God at the Prechistensky Gate. Architects M.O.Barshch, V.N.Vladimirov, I.F.Milinis, S.V.Orlovsky, A.L.Pasternak, L.S.Slavina. A utility block with a laundry, a gym, and a dining room in an experimental residential complex (commune house) of the housing association “Exemplary Construction,” also known as the “House of Artists.” It was connected to the residential buildings of the complex by an ancient underground passage, which, before the construction of the commune house, connected the Church of the Rzhev Mother of God with the clergy house.
Gogolevsky Blvd., 8, building 1. Residential buildings of the former communal house (“House of Artists”) - an architectural monument (see detailed description above)	Gogolevsky Blvd., 9. Mansion of A.I. Ievlev. Built in 1879 according to the design of the architect A.L. Ober. Rebuilt in 1909-12. designed by architect E.I. Zelensky.	Nashchokinsky lane, 10. One of the oldest houses in the lane, built after the fire of 1812. It lived in it for a short time in the 1860s. lived the poet A.N. Pleshcheev. In 1884 it was rebuilt into an apartment building according to the design of the architect V.P. Zagorsky. The film "Pokrovsky Gate" was filmed in the courtyard of this house.
Nashchokinsky lane, 12, building 1.	Gogolevsky Blvd., 10, building 2. The building was built according to the design of the architect M.F. Kazakov at the end of the 18th century. Object of cultural heritage of federal significance.	Gogolevsky Blvd., 10 - The house was built according to the design of the architect M.F. Kazakov for Naryshkina. The Decembrist M.M. Naryshkin lived here. K.F. Ryleev, I.I. Pushchin, later I.S. Turgenev, I.E. Repin, A.N. Ostrovsky, A.F. Pisemsky, A.A. Fet visited this house. The board of the Union of Artists of the USSR worked in the house.
Gogolevsky Blvd., 12, building 1 - Moscow specific office (1880s).	Gogolevsky Blvd., 14 - City estate of E.I. Vasilchikova - S.A. Obolensky - N.F. von Meck (XIX century). The estate is associated with the names of the Decembrists N.V. Vasilchikov, I.I. Muravyov-Apostol. At the end of the 19th century. Composers S.V. Rachmaninov, A.K. Glazunov, P.I. Tchaikovsky visited here. Since 1956 - Central Chess Club.	Gogolevsky Blvd., 16/13 - City estate of E.M. Alekseeva (1884, architect D.N. Chichagov).
Gogolevsky Blvd. Monument to N.V. Gogol. It was created for the centenary of the writer’s birth in 1909 and was located at the end of Prechistensky (now Gogolevsky) Boulevard. Sculptor N. Andreev, architect F. Shekhtel.	Gogolevsky Blvd., 17 building 1. Built in 1903 as an apartment building. Architect N.P. Markov.

The boulevard bears the imprint of the proximity of the Ministry of Defense. This can be seen even in the drawing of the fence.

Previously, the boulevard began at the Church of the Holy Spirit. It was first mentioned in 1493. The stone building was built in 1699 and rebuilt at the beginning of the 19th century. The church was demolished to build a metro station exit in 1933. And in 2017, during the improvement of the boulevard, the foundation of this church was found.

Gogolevsky Boulevard is three-level: the internal passage runs along the upper step, the boulevard itself - along the middle, and the external passage - along the lower.

This relief was formed due to the fact that the Chertory stream flowed at the site of the outer passage of the boulevard and had banks of different heights. This makes Gogolevsky quite recognizable, and it is easy to determine that both scenes of Katya’s meeting with Rudolf in the film “Moscow Doesn’t Believe in Tears” were filmed Here. By the way, the bench that was included in the cinema still stands on the boulevard - right before the bend, beyond which the alley goes to the Arbat Gate Square.

Gogolevsky Boulevard in Moscow is one of the most beautiful and historically valuable places in the capital of Russia. This boulevard is part of the famous Boulevard Ring of Moscow, consisting of 10 boulevards. The squares, also included in the Boulevard Ring, whose names contain the word “gate”, are a kind of reminder of the defensive wall of the White City, on the site of which the Boulevard Ring was founded. It was the ideas of the architect V. Dolganov, successfully brought to life, that gave each boulevard of the Boulevard Ring of Moscow individuality. In 1978, the Boulevard Ring was declared a monument of landscape art.

Gogolevsky Boulevard starts from Prechistenskie Gate Square and reaches Arbat Gate Square. The Boulevard Ring of Moscow begins from Prechistenskie Gate Square and Gogolevsky Boulevard. From the side of the boulevard, the Kropotkinskaya metro station, named after Prince Pyotr Alekseevich Kropotkin, who was an ardent revolutionary, anarchist theorist, and famous scientist who devoted his life to the study of East Asia, opens onto Prechistenskie Gate Square.

The history of Gogolevsky Boulevard is very interesting. Until 1924, it was called Prechistensky because of the very carefully plastered wall of the White City, which then stood on the site of the boulevard. The city itself was located on the steep bank of the Chertoroi stream, which was later taken into an underground pipe. From Arbat Square to Kropotkinskaya Square you can take a trolleybus. It should also be noted that where Gogolevsky Boulevard and Sivtsev Vrazhek Lane intersect today, previously its tributary, the Sivets Stream, flowed into the Chertoroi stream. Chertoroy itself was distinguished by the fact that one bank of it was high, the other low. In the last century, many famous personalities liked to visit here: Gogol, Herzen, Turgenev.

The famous fire of 1812 did not spare Prechistensky Boulevard. Many buildings were destroyed, so the boulevard lost its original appearance, but it was soon almost completely restored. In 1880, a horse-drawn railway was built here, which passed through the entire Boulevard Ring. In 1911, tram "A" was put into operation on the site of this road, i.e. Annushka, which for a long time was the only mode of transport on the Boulevard Ring. The metro station on the boulevard opened in 1935. At that time it was called the Palace of Soviets and only in 1957 it began to be called Kropotkinskaya.

The boulevard received its current name in 1924 during the celebrations of the 125th anniversary of the famous Russian writer N.V. Gogol. If you compare Gogolevsky Boulevard with all the other boulevards in Moscow, it turns out that it ranks second in length. No less remarkable is the fact that Gogolevsky Boulevard has three stages, since its internal passage is on the top stage, the boulevard itself is on the middle stage, and the external passage is on the bottom. This relief of the boulevard was formed due to the fact that the Chertoroi stream had banks of unequal heights.

Gogolevsky Boulevard itself is fraught with many secrets, in particular regarding architecture. Each side of the boulevard has its own aesthetics, its own character, its own individuality. The ancient mansion No. 5, erected for State Councilor Sekretaryov, attracts the eye. Later, the house was occupied by the architect Ton, who supervised the construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. In the 40s of the 20th century, the family of Vasily Stalin lived in this house. House No. 23 is very remarkable; it attracts tourists with its stained glass blades located between the windows of the fifth floor. In summer, on a clear, sunny day, you can’t help but notice how close the color of the ceramic inserts is to the color of the sky. A little further away in one of the courtyards you can see the small church of Apostle Philip, built in the 17th century.

The even side of Gogolevsky Boulevard is famous for the fact that famous people either lived or stayed here in almost every house. Thus, A.S. often spent time in house No. 2. Pushkin, and house No. 6 was built specifically for the mayor S.M. Tretyakov, brother of the famous philanthropist P.M. Tretyakov. In 1929-1930, the House of Artists was erected here, the project of which was worked on by a group of architects, including I. Leonidov, V. Vladimirov, M. Barshch and others. A striking example of Moscow classicism is mansion No. 10 on Gogolevsky Boulevard. Initially, the famous Decembrist M. Naryshkin lived in it and was subsequently arrested. Today, walking along Gogolevsky Boulevard, on this house you can see a marble plaque depicting shackles intertwined with a laurel branch, which was installed in memory of the Decembrists who gathered here. Having walked a little further, we find ourselves near house No. 14, where the Central Chess Club is now located. And in the 19th century, this building was a kind of center of musical life in Moscow. Chaliapin, Rachmaninov, Glazunov visited the house.

The symbol of Gogolevsky Boulevard is the monument to N.V. Gogol, which has a long and controversial history.

Almost at the end of Gogolevsky Boulevard there is a monument to M. Sholokhov, the design of which was developed by the sculptor A. Rukavishnikov. The author’s main idea is not yet fully visible, since the monument is in the installation stage. Crossing the road from Gogolevsky Boulevard, we find ourselves in a quiet, peaceful place. Here stands the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, built as a kind of gratitude to the Lord God for his intercession in the fight against the Napoleonic invasion of 1812. If you walk along Gogolevsky Boulevard back to the Prechistensky Gate, then another surprise awaits you: approaching the arch at the entrance to the boulevard, you will be surprised to find that the sky begins right behind it.

Gogol Boulevard appears in both literature and cinema. It is described in the Moscow of the future by Kir Bulychev; it is here that two scenes of the film “Moscow Doesn’t Believe in Tears” directed by Vladimir Menshov take place. Gogolevsky Boulevard itself is a symbol of the fusion of nature and civilization, since roads run next to wooded areas where you can even pick mushrooms. We can say with confidence that tourists will be satisfied with a walk along Gogolevsky Boulevard, because the spirit of history reflected in ancient architecture is concentrated here to the maximum.

Our journey-walk will begin from the pavilion of the Kropotkinskaya metro station.

The Moscow boulevard semi-circle arose by decree of Empress Catherine II on the site of the walls of the White City. Its existence is reminiscent of the squares that divide the boulevards into segments, the names of which contain the word “gate”. Gogolevsky, starting the boulevards, attracts attention with a strong difference in relief. This is due to the fact that here, under the wall, flowed the turbulent stream Chertory, which gave the name to this entire region of Moscow - Chertolye. Where Gogolevsky Boulevard and Sivtsev Vrazhek Lane intersect, its tributary, the Sivets Stream, used to flow into the stream.

Gogolevsky Boulevard is younger than its neighbors - Nikitsky and Tverskoy. It was built after the fire of 1812. It is the third longest and more democratic than the others. Then it had a different name - Prechistensky, after the gate and street from which it began. At the very beginning of the boulevard, since the times of the White City, there has been an ancient Church of the Holy Spirit. The first mention of it dates back to 1493, when a terrible fire occurred in the city. Back in the middle of the 17th century, there was a wooden church in the name of the Holy Spirit, and the first stone one appeared in 1699, rebuilt with the care of the steward and Colonel B. Dementyev.

A century later, a new stone church was built, which survived until the revolution, and in 1812 a chapel was consecrated in it in the name of the Intercession - that is why the Prechistensky Church was often called the Intercession Church.

The church was demolished for the construction of the exit of the Palace of Soviets metro station - now. Most of the estates on the high right side of the boulevards date back to the 18th century. The history of the estate of Nekrasov and Catuara and the beautiful Tretyakov tower is interesting. Almost opposite the latter on the corner of the boulevard and Gagarinsky lane. costs . Next to Tretyakov’s luxurious estate, on the site of the Church of the Rzhev Mother of God, demolished in 1924, a complex of a new type of housing was built - consisting of two residential buildings and

Once upon a time, famous writers and artists strolled along the boulevard. The estate in the possession of 10 remembers Rubinstein, Turgenev, and Repin.

The boulevard ends with Arbat Gate Square. From 1808 to 1812 there stood the magnificent wooden Arbat Theater - the only creation of the great Carl Rossi in Moscow. It burned down in a fire in 1812. Almost 100 years later, in 1909, a monument to N.V. was solemnly erected in its place. Gogol by sculptor N. Andreev. This monument stood until 1951, when the sadly sitting Gogol was exiled to the “Donskoy Monastery” - a branch of the Museum of Architecture, and the proud Gogol from the sculptor Tomsky stood on the square. But Muscovites loved old Gogol, and in 1959 he was placed next to his original place, in the courtyard of the house in which he died. It was for this monument that Prechistensky Boulevard was renamed Gogolevsky in 1924.

By the middle of the 16th century, an earthen rampart was built along the line of the modern Boulevard Ring to prevent enemy raids. Where it is cut by streets and roads radiating like rays from the Kremlin, log gates are built, reinforced with earth and turf. However, an earthen rampart with wooden gates was poorly suited to repel numerous hordes, so they decided to erect a stone wall around Moscow. The new wall was erected along the edge of the already existing earthen rampart, i.e. also ran along the line of the modern Boulevard Ring. The construction was supervised by the largest architect of that era - Fyodor Savelyevich Kon. The wall was called the White City (at that time this word had two meanings - both a settlement and a fence protecting this settlement). Completed by 1593, the White City was a reliable defensive stronghold and a beautiful architectural structure. Even unfinished, the White City played its role in the defense of the capital. The hordes of the Crimean Khan Kazy-Girey, who approached Moscow in 1591, saw the formidable wall, did not dare to storm it and retreated without a fight.
In the middle of the 18th century, the wall of the White City lost its fortification significance: it lagged behind the level of development of military technology, and the enemy stopped bothering the capital of the strengthened and expanded state. And in 1774, an order was issued to level the area under the former wall of the White City and plant it with trees, that is, to create a boulevard according to the Western model. However, the Boulevard Ring really took shape after the fire of 1812, when the almost completely burned out neighborhoods began to quickly be rebuilt.
Prechistenskaya Square is located in the southwestern part of the modern boulevard ring. Once upon a time there stood the gates of the White City and they were called Chertolsky, after the Chertoraya stream flowing here, and from 1658 - Prechistensky - along Prechistenka Street, which led to the Novodevichy Convent, where the icon of the Most Pure Mother of God was located. After the revolution in 1924, the square was renamed Kropotkinskaya, in memory of the revolutionary and geographer Pyotr Alekseevich Kropotkin (1842-1921). In 1993, the square was renamed Perchistensky Gate Square.
The boulevard that starts here was also called Prechistensky until 1924 - after the gate. Then it was renamed Gogolevsky - after the monument to Gogol, which stood at the other end of the boulevard.
Gogol Boulevard was built shortly after 1812. Its three-stage relief is very unique: the internal passage is located on the upper stage, the boulevard itself is on the middle, and the external passage is on the lower. This difference in heights is due to the fact that the wall of the White City that ran here was built on the steep bank of Chertory. The stream, enclosed in an underground pipe in the 1870s, washed the outer slope of the shaft, flowing where a trolleybus now runs from Arbatskaya to Prechistenskaya Square.
Until the 1860s, the boulevard was one of the most abandoned, and the beginning of its popularity owes, first of all, to Emperor Alexander II. This boulevard became fashionable among nobles from the Emperor's walks along it during one of his highest stays in Moscow.
In 1909, on the 100th anniversary of Gogol’s birth, not far from house No. 7a on Nikitsky Boulevard, where the last four years of the writer’s life passed, and where ten days before his death the second volume of “Dead Souls” burned in the fireplace, on Perichtensky Boulevard, a monument to the writer was erected by Nikolai Andreev. Gogol is depicted sitting in a relaxed position and looking sadly down. And below on the pedestal are bas-relief images of his characters. They prepared the monument for almost thirty years: in 1880, the decision was made to install it in Moscow, and then they spent a long time collecting money, developing the project, then Nikolai Andreev worked on the image of Gogol - in total, it took 29 years. And in 1952, on the 100th anniversary of his death, Andreevsky Gogol was removed from there because the Soviet leadership considered that the monument was not optimistic enough and sent it to the Donskoy Monastery, where at that time there was a sculpture museum. And on Gogolevsky Boulevard they erected a monument to Tomsky’s work, in which the writer is cheerful and rather ordinary.
In 1959, Andreev’s monument was finally removed from the Donskoy Monastery and placed in the courtyard of the same house No. 7a where the writer lived his last days. Thus, it turned out that there are two Gogols in Moscow - one is an optimist, the other is a pessimist.
Another monument appeared on Gogolevsky Boulevard quite recently, in 2007, to the writer Mikhail Sholokhov, created by the sculptor Alexander Rukavishnikov. The writer is depicted in bronze, sitting in a boat with oars, past which horses swim. According to the sculptor, they symbolize whites and reds. The idea of ​​installing this monument was received ambiguously by the public; many considered its location inappropriate, since Sholokhov lived little in Moscow and Gogolevsky Boulevard is traditionally associated with the literature of the 19th century, and not the 20th, in which Sholokhov wrote.
Of the notable buildings on the boulevard, I would like to mention building No. 3, which stood back in 1806 and belonged to Princess Sofya Volkonskaya. At the top there were living quarters, the bottom was rented out as benches. In 1899, the building, purchased by the baker Filippov, was built with a third floor.
House No. 5 was built in 1852 by architect N.I. Kozlovsky, architect K.A. lived here for many years. Ton, who observed the construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, which was being built according to his design. In the 1920s, the outstanding film director V.I. lived in the apartments of this building. Pudovkin and teacher S.T. Shatsky.
Since 1870, house No. 6 belonged to S.M. Tretyakov, the brother of the founder of the famous art gallery. Also a passionate collector of paintings, he entrusts his son-in-law, architect A.S. Kaminsky, to rebuild the house in the then fashionable Russian-Byzantine style. After Tretyakov’s death in 1892, the house was bought by a major banker and industrialist Pavel Ryabushinsky - the same one who called for “strangling the revolution with the bony hand of hunger.” In 1916-1917, the most reactionary representatives of the Moscow bourgeoisie gathered at Ryabushinsky’s place to discuss plans to prevent revolution. In 1918, the Revolutionary Tribunal settled here, then the Military Prosecutor's Office, after the war - the Department of Foreign Relations of the USSR Ministry of Defense, and since 1987 - the board of the Russian Cultural Foundation.
House No. 10 is an example of Russian classical architecture of the late 18th century. The house belonged to the parents of the Decembrist Colonel M.M. Naryshkin, where his like-minded people constantly gathered, including Ryleev, who read his “Dumas” here. In January 1826, N.N. Naryshkin was arrested in this house. In 1830, the house came into the possession of the Appanage Office, which was in charge of all the lands and other real estate of the imperial family. In the 1860-1870s, this office was managed by I.I. Maslov is a very cultured and respected person. I.S. often stayed with him. Turgenev, arriving in Moscow. The famous portrait of the writer, exhibited at the Tretyakov Gallery, was painted by Repin in this house. In 1969, after reconstruction, the board of the Union of Artists of the USSR moved into the building.
House No. 14, rebuilt in 1863 from two buildings, before the revolution belonged to the sister of the manufacturer S.I. Zimin, better known as a theater figure, founder of the opera house, friend of F.I. Shalyapin. In the 1920s, the Supreme Court was located here. In 1956, the house was refurbished and the USSR Central Chess Club opened there.
An old three-story house No. 31 with a balcony, rebuilt in the mid-20th century from a mansion of the 1820s. In 1872, a private women's gymnasium of the progressive Russian teacher S.N. was opened here. Fisher, who sought the right to teach a full course at a men's classical gymnasium. This was an “experiment” unprecedented in those days, and the gymnasium immediately became the center of attention of both the public and the authorities. The two-story building in the courtyard is interesting for its literary past. Here in 1910 the Symbolist publishing house “Musaget” was opened, which was headed by the poet Andrei Bely and where V.Ya. Bryusov, I.A. Bunin, L.N. Andreev, K.D. Balmont, I. Severyanin.