Our knowledge of space is similar to our knowledge of history: it can be really difficult to figure out what the real facts are and what we remember from movies. And in both cases it often turns out that this knowledge is not just inaccurate, but ridiculously erroneous. What are the most common misconceptions about space that we learned from science fiction films?

Myth No. 1: An astronaut without a spacesuit will explode in outer space
This is probably one of the oldest and most common myths. There is an opinion that if a person suddenly finds himself in outer space without a special protective suit, he will simply be torn to pieces. There is logic in this, because there is no pressure in space, so if a person flies too high, he will become inflated like balloon and it will burst. However, in reality, our body is not at all as elastic as a balloon. We cannot be torn apart in space because our body is too elastic.

We may get a little bloated, that's true, but our bones, skin and other organs are not so fragile that they would tear apart in an instant. In reality, several people were influenced incredibly low pressure during his work in space. In 1966, an astronaut was testing a space suit when depressurization occurred at an altitude of more than 36 kilometers. He lost consciousness, but did not explode at all, and later fully recovered.

Myth No. 2: A person without a spacesuit will freeze in outer space
This misconception is fueled by many movies. In many of them you can see a scene in which one of the heroes finds himself outside the spaceship without a spacesuit. He immediately begins to freeze, and if he stays in outer space certain time, just turn into ice. In reality, everything will happen exactly the opposite. In outer space, you will not get supercooled at all, but overheat.

Myth #3: Human blood will boil in outer space
This myth is related to the fact that the boiling point of any liquid is directly related to pressure environment. The higher the pressure, the higher the boiling point and vice versa. This happens because it is easier for a liquid to turn into a gas when the pressure is lower. Therefore, it would be logical to assume that in space, where there is no pressure, liquids will immediately boil and evaporate, including human blood. The Armstrong line is the value at which atmospheric pressure so low that liquids evaporate at temperatures equal temperature our body. However, this does not happen with blood.
For example, body fluids, such as saliva or tears, actually evaporate. A man who experienced such low pressure at an altitude of 36 kilometers said that his mouth was really dry, since all the saliva had evaporated. Blood, unlike saliva, is in a closed system, and veins allow it to remain in liquid state even at very low pressure.

Myth #4: The sun is a flaming ball
The Sun is a cosmic object that receives a lot of attention when studying astronomy. It's huge fireball, around which the planets revolve. It is located at an ideal distance for life from our planet, providing enough heat. Many people misunderstand the Sun, believing that it really burns with a bright flame, like a fire. In reality, it is a large ball of gas that produces light and heat due to nuclear fusion, which occurs when two hydrogen atoms combine to form helium.

Myth No. 5. The sun is yellow
The color of the Sun is a self-evident thing, one of those things that we learn back in our childhood. kindergarten. Even in accepted classifications our star is listed as a “yellow dwarf”. So what could possibly be wrong here? We are also aware of the color of those closest to us. space objects, because we have a lot of photographs taken by the same Hubble telescope, near-Earth satellites and probes cruising around the solar system. It was thanks to them that Hollywood, and after it the whole world, found out what color the Martian sky or moon rocks. In fact, the Sun is not yellow. The reason we see him like this is because earth's atmosphere, turning the sun's rays yellowish. But do not forget that the temperature of our star is 6000 degrees Kelvin, and in fact it has the only color possible for such a hot object. White. In fact, the sun is even more boring than the moon: you can’t even see a face on it.
What about the rest of the bodies in our solar system? After all, we have photographs. We have rovers photographing the surface of Mars from arm's length!
You will be surprised, but none of the space cameras take color pictures. Color is added later using filters.
“The colors in the Hubble telescope images are neither right nor wrong.” More often than not, these photographs represent physical process, underlying the subject being photographed. They are a way to present as much information as possible in one photo.
So yeah, everyone's awesome. space photos The photographs we see year after year are simply black and white photographs, colorized so that scientists can more clearly reflect every detail of the image.

Myth #6: A comet has a burning tail.
Imagine a comet for a second. Most likely, your imagination will draw a piece of ice flying towards high speed through outer space and leaving behind a bright trail. Unlike meteors, which burst into flames in the atmosphere and die, the comet's tail is not due to friction. Moreover, it is not destroyed at all when traveling in space. Its tail is formed due to the heat and solar wind, which melt the ice, and dust particles fly away from the comet's body in the direction opposite to its movement.

Myth #7: Mercury is closest to the Sun, which means it is the most hot planet
After Pluto was removed from the list of planets in the solar system, Mercury began to be considered the smallest of them. This planet is closest to the Sun, so it can be assumed that it is the hottest. However, this is not the case. Moreover, Mercury is actually relatively cold.
Maximum temperature on Mercury is 427 degrees Celsius. If this temperature were observed over the entire surface of the planet, even then Mercury would be colder than Venus, which has a surface temperature of 460 degrees Celsius.

Despite the fact that Venus is located at a distance of 49,889,664 kilometers from the Sun, it has such high temperature thanks to the atmosphere consisting of carbon dioxide, which traps heat at the surface. Mercury does not have such an atmosphere. Apart from the lack of an atmosphere, there is another reason why Mercury is relatively cold planet. It's all about its movement and orbit. Mercury completes a full revolution around the Sun in 88 Earth days, and full turn around its axis in 58 Earth days. This means that the night on Mercury lasts 58 Earth days, so the temperature on the side that is in the shadow drops to minus 173 degrees Celsius.

Myth No. 8: The person sent spaceships only to the surface of Mars
Everyone, of course, has heard about the Curiosity rover and its important scientific work, which he performs while on the surface of Mars today. Many people probably forgot that other spacecraft were sent to the Red Planet. The Opportunity rover landed on Mars in 2003. It was expected to work for no more than 90 days, but this device is still in working order, although 10 years have passed!
Many believe that we will never be able to launch spacecraft for work on the surface of other planets. Of course, man has sent various satellites into the orbits of planets, but getting to the surface and landing safely is not an easy task. However, there were attempts. Between 1970 and 1984, the USSR successfully launched 8 spacecraft to Venus. The atmosphere of this planet is extremely inhospitable, so all the ships worked there for a very short time. The longest stay is only 2 hours, which is even longer than scientists expected.The man also reached more distant planets, for example, to Jupiter. This planet consists almost entirely of gas, so landing on it in the usual sense is somewhat difficult. Scientists nevertheless sent a device to her.In 1989, the Galileo spacecraft flew to Jupiter to study this giant planet and her companions. This journey took 14 years. For 6 years the device diligently carried out its mission, and then was dropped on Jupiter.He managed to send important information about the composition of the planet, as well as a number of other data that allowed scientists to revise their ideas about the formation of planets. Also another ship called "Juno" is now on its way to the giant. It is planned that he will reach the planet only in 3 years.

Myth No. 9: Astronauts in Earth orbit are weightless
Real weightlessness or micro-gravity exists far in space, but not a single person has yet been able to experience it on their own skin, since none of us has yet flown too far from the planet. Many are sure that astronauts, working in space, float in weightlessness because they are far from the planet and do not experience the Earth’s gravity. However, this is not true. The Earth's gravity still exists over such a relatively short distance. When an object orbits a large cosmic body like Earth, which has a lot of gravity, that object actually falls. Since the Earth is constantly moving, spaceships do not fall onto its surface, but also move. This constant fall creates the illusion of weightlessness.
Astronauts fall inside their ships in the same way, but since the ship is moving at the same speed, they seem to float in weightlessness.
A similar phenomenon can be seen in a falling elevator or a sharply descending airplane. By the way, the zero-gravity scenes in the film "Apollo 13" were filmed in a descending liner, which is used for training astronauts.
The plane rises to a height of 9 thousand meters and then begins to fall sharply for 23 seconds, thereby creating weightlessness inside the cabin. This is exactly the condition that astronauts experience in space.

Myth No. 10. Asteroid fields are deadly
In fact, if you look at pictures of the asteroid belt in our solar system, it looks exactly like in “ Star Wars" There really are a lot of asteroids in it - today, restless astronomers have already counted about half a million. But the catch is that the small planets are separated by kilometers and kilometers of vacuum, with an average of one asteroid per 650,000 square kilometers. Therefore, sending their probes to fly through the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, NASA scientists they say that the device has a one in a billion chance of colliding with an asteroid.
You can, of course, argue that in the galaxy where Star Wars raged long ago, for some reason super-dense asteroid fields are often found, but this is still impossible in principle - over time, asteroids still dissipate.
If the asteroid field at some point had the same density as in Star Wars, then from constant mutual collisions the asteroids would quickly scatter in all directions, and the density would decrease.

Myth No. 11. Black holes
Of all the cosmic horrors, black holes are perhaps the clearest proof that the Universe hates us. They are invisible, ominous, huge and, like a cosmic vacuum cleaner, suck in everything indiscriminately. light years around.
In fact, let's imagine that, waking up in the morning, we discovered a black hole with a similar mass in place of our sun. What will happen? Yes, simply nothing. No, of course, we will freeze to death, because the source of heat that warms our planet will disappear, and that’s all. But the Earth will definitely remain in place.
Because most people forget that for all their much-touted power, black holes still have mass. This means that, no matter how frighteningly omnipotent they may seem, the attraction of a black hole, like any other object in our Universe, is limited by the limits that define it dead weight. And if the mass of the black hole is equal to the mass of the Sun, then the force of its attraction will be equal, which means that our planet will continue to rotate peacefully in its orbit.
That's it, even if you - terrifying black hole, this does not free you from the laws of physics and heartless gravity.

Myth #12: Black holes are funnel-shaped
Many people think of black holes as giant funnels. This is how these objects are often depicted in films. In reality, black holes are virtually “invisible,” but to give you an idea of ​​them, artists often depict them as whirlpools that swallow up everything around them.
In the center of the whirlpool there is something similar to the entrance to the other world. A real black hole resembles a ball. There is no “hole” in it as such that drags on. It is just an object with very high gravity that attracts everything that is nearby.

Myth No. 13. Meteorites are hot
You've seen it in every disaster movie - take the scene from Armageddon where fiery, smoking meteorites destroy New York. And although we know that not every film is built entirely on scientific facts If a meteorite falls in your yard, you are unlikely to immediately rush to grab it with your hands - it fell, leaving a fiery trail halfway across the sky. In fact, a piece of stone flew for billions and billions of years in space, where, by the way, it is cosmically cold - only three degrees above absolute zero. After entering the atmosphere, the meteor will have only a few seconds before colliding with the ground, so great is its speed. Which means, no matter what Michael Bay thinks about it, this piece of rock simply doesn't have time to warm up. Those that do reach the ground are usually slightly lukewarm.
But where do the fireballs come from then? Almost everyone has seen a meteor shower - they really do burn. But in fact, the spectacular fireball we observed has almost nothing to do with the meteor itself. This is just an air layer that forms in front of a falling meteor in the atmosphere; it is this layer that heats up, creating the appearance of a burning ball, but at the temperature of the celestial body it has no effect.

Myth No. 14. People explode in a vacuum
We have seen the scene “Insignificant little man against the vacuum of space” in films countless times. Movies of category “B” clearly demonstrate: the difference between internal and external pressure in outer space turns a person inside out at the moment, before you even have time to blink an eye. We owe the same effect to the unforgettable bug-eyed Schwarzenegger from the cult “Total Recall.”

But your head without a helmet in a vacuum definitely won't explode. Because a person still has, albeit small, protection against the vacuum of space - our skin and circulatory system. The first protects our body so well that it is able to neutralize the effect of instant depressurization. The latter, quickly adapting, continues to do its job, so airless space our blood will not boil, as some people think. Even hypothermia is not a problem: although the temperature outside the spaceship tends to absolute zero, there is not much matter in space that can absorb your body heat.
In fact, the main threat to a person without a spacesuit in outer space is the air in the lungs. When external pressure is released, the volume of gas in your chest will expand, which can lead to barotrauma of the lung, just like a scuba diver abruptly ascending from great depths.
Although all this does not mean that a respirator and swimming trunks are enough to go into space. Without a spacesuit, outer space will quickly deal with you. Only it will not be as spectacular as they show in the films.

Myth No. 15. It's always dark on the far side of the moon
It is well known that the Moon faces the sun with only one side. While the first one is basking in the warmth sun rays, the other part of it is doomed to eternal darkness and cold. Not surprisingly, the dark side of the Moon is popular culture has become a mysterious and creepy place equally suitable for hiding ancient technology Transformers and to inspire the authors of psychedelic music. In fact, there is no Dark Side of the Moon, just like there is no Dark Side of the Earth. Yes, indeed, as a result of the mutual rotation of the planets, the moon is always turned towards the Earth and observers on the surface with the same hemisphere. Please note: to the Earth. But not towards the sun. So the Dark Side of the Moon is only really dark at night. Well, during eclipses. Both sides receive the rest of the time sunlight equally: both the mythical “dark” and “light”, the one with the face that we see.

The wonderful structure of the Cosmos and the harmony in it can only be explained by the fact that the Cosmos was created according to the plan of an omniscient and omnipotent Being. Here are my first and last words.

Isaac Newton

Misconceptions about Space

There is an opinion that Space is black and white. However, this is a misconception.Color photographs taken by astronomers using orbital telescopes show that cosmic bodies Most of them are unusually colorful. Why don't we see this riot of colors? The reason for our cosmic color blindness is not only vast distances to observed objects, but also in some features of our vision. It was found that we can clearly distinguish the color of an object when the flow of light energy emitted or reflected by it is sufficiently intense. In those cases when it is close to being extremely distinguishable, the object appears to us as monotonously gray, although it is not.

Neither is interstellar space itself black. American astronomers from the University of Baltimore were able to determine its color by analyzing more than 200 thousand photographs. By adding up all the colors at the disposal of astronomers, they obtained the average color of the Universe. And it turned out to be not black at all, but turquoise with an aquamarine tint. Astronomers reported this discovery in 2002. But more recently, in 2003, scientists apologized and stated that the Universe is most likely beige. As it turned out, an error had crept into the previous results due to a virus on the computer that distorted the program that translated cosmic radiation in visible colors.

The color of the Earth itself is also not yet clear. Our planet is usually called blue - this is exactly what it looks like in color photographs taken from Space. But scientists believe this definition is not entirely correct. Predominance blue color in the photographs is explained by the fact that the main part of the Earth's surface is covered with water, which absorbs red rays well and reflects the blue part of the spectrum. The nitrogen-oxygen atmosphere of our planet has approximately the same properties. So it turns out that most red rays are subtracted from reflected light and blue predominates.

Space is often called lifeless. However, it is difficult to agree with such misconceptions. Life in space is in full swing. If we draw analogies with terrestrial weather phenomena, then it blows cosmic wind Cosmic rains fall, cosmic thunders rumble and cosmic lightning flashes. Space storms and hurricanes are common. Scientists observing these processes claim that space life in terms of the richness of forms of manifestations and diversity it is in no way inferior to the earthly one.

The recent discovery of scientists from the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, made with the help of a unique radio telescope located in the town of Simeiz, also refutes the myth about the lifelessness of Space. Crimean astrophysicists managed to record in space huge amount organic molecules- more than a hundred types - water and even alcohols, which are especially abundant in the constellation Orion.

This cosmic discovery is, oddly enough, another breakthrough in understanding the origin of life on Mother Earth. Until recently, scientists claimed that we all “emerged” from the bottom of the World Ocean. However, in lately More and more adherents are finding a theory according to which the seed that laid the foundation for everything on Earth came from the unknown depths of the Universe. Observations by Crimean astronomers show that this is indeed possible and that life on our planet came from outer space...

Many people are confused about what happens in space. To be fair, very few of us have been in space, and for many of us space has evolved with nine planets in solar system and Sandra Bullock's hair ("Gravity"), which does not flutter in zero gravity. There is at least one question about space that any person will answer incorrectly. People explode

Perhaps one of the oldest and most widespread myths about space is this: in the vacuum of space, any person will explode without a special spacesuit. The logic is that since there is no pressure there, we would inflate and burst, like a balloon that was inflated too much. It may surprise you, but people are much more durable than balloons. We don’t burst when we get an injection, and we won’t burst in space either - our bodies are too tough for a vacuum. Let's swell up a little, that's a fact. But our bones, skin and other organs are resilient enough to survive this unless someone actively tears them apart. In fact, some people have already experienced extremely low pressure conditions while working during space missions. In 1966, a man was testing a space suit and suddenly decompressed at 36,500 meters. He lost consciousness, but did not explode. He even survived and fully recovered.
Blood boils

This myth has nothing to do with the idea that your body will overheat if you find yourself in a vacuum. Instead, it is directly related to the fact that any liquid has a direct relationship with environmental pressure. The higher the pressure, the higher the boiling point, and vice versa. Because it is easier for a liquid to change into a gas form. People with logic can guess that in space, where there is no pressure at all, the liquid will boil, and blood is also a liquid. The Armstrong line is where the atmospheric pressure is so low that the liquid will boil at room temperature. The problem is that while liquid will boil in space, blood will not. Other liquids, such as saliva in the mouth, will boil. The man who decompressed at 36,500 meters said that the saliva “cooked” his tongue. This boiling will be more like blow-drying. However, blood, unlike saliva, is in a closed system, and your veins will hold it under pressure in a liquid state. Even if you are in a complete vacuum, the fact that the blood is closed in the system means that it will not turn into gas and escape.
Sun

The sun is where space exploration begins. This is a large fireball around which all the planets revolve, which is quite far away, but warms us without burning us. Considering that we could not exist without sunlight and heat, it is surprising that there is a big misconception about the Sun: that it burns. If you've ever burned yourself with fire, congratulations, you've been hit with more fire than the Sun could ever give you. In reality the Sun is big ball gas that emits light and thermal energy in progress nuclear fusion when two hydrogen atoms form a helium atom. The sun gives light and warmth, but does not give ordinary fire at all. It's just a big, warm light.
Black holes are funnels

There is another common misconception that can be attributed to the depiction of black holes in movies and cartoons. Of course, black holes are inherently “invisible,” but to audiences like you and me, they are portrayed as sinister whirlpools of fate. They are depicted as two-dimensional funnels with an exit on only one side. In reality, a black hole is a sphere. It doesn't have one side that will suck you in, rather it is like a planet with a giant gravity. If you get too close to it from any direction, that's when you will be swallowed up.
Re-entry

We have all seen how spaceships re-enter the Earth's atmosphere (so-called re-entering). This is a serious test for the ship; as a rule, its surface becomes very hot. Many of us think that this is due to friction between the ship and the atmosphere, and this explanation makes sense: it is as if the ship was surrounded by nothing, and suddenly begins to rub against the atmosphere at a gigantic speed. Of course, everything will heat up. The truth is that friction removes less than a percent of the heat during reentry. The main reason for heating is compression, or contraction. As the ship rushes back toward Earth, the air it passes through compresses and surrounds the ship. It's called a head shock wave. The air that hits the head of the ship pushes it. The speed of what is happening causes the air to heat up without having time to decompress or cool down. Although some of the heat is absorbed by the heat shield, beautiful pictures re-entry into the atmosphere is created by the air around the device.
Comet tails

Imagine a comet for a second. Most likely, you will imagine a piece of ice rushing through outer space with a tail of light or fire behind it. It may come as a surprise to you that the direction of a comet's tail has nothing to do with the direction in which the comet is moving. The fact is that the comet's tail is not the result of friction or destruction of the body. solar wind heats the comet and causes the ice to melt, so the ice and sand particles fly in the opposite direction of the wind. Therefore, the comet's tail will not necessarily trail behind it in a trail, but will always be directed away from the sun.
Mercury

After Pluto's demotion, Mercury became the smallest planet. It is also the closest planet to the Sun, so it would be natural to assume that it is the hottest planet in our system. In short, Mercury is a damn cold planet. Firstly, in the very hot spot Mercury's temperature is 427 degrees Celsius. Even if this temperature remained throughout the entire planet, Mercury would still be colder than Venus (460 degrees). The reason that Venus, which is almost 50 million kilometers farther from the Sun than Mercury, is warmer lies in its atmosphere of carbon dioxide. Mercury cannot boast of anything.

Another reason has to do with its orbit and rotation. Mercury completes a full revolution around the Sun in 88 earthly days, and a complete revolution around its axis takes 58 Earth days. Night on the planet lasts 58 days, which gives enough time for the temperature to drop to -173 degrees Celsius.
Probes

Everyone knows that the Curiosity rover at the moment deals with important research work on Mars. But people have forgotten about many of the other probes we've sent out over the years. The Opportunity rover landed on Mars in 2003 with the goal of conducting the mission within 90 days. 10 years later it is still working. Many people think that we have never sent probes to planets other than Mars. Yes, we have sent many satellites into orbit, but landing something on another planet? Between 1970 and 1984, the USSR successfully landed eight probes on the surface of Venus. True, they all burned down, thanks to the unfriendly atmosphere of the planet. The most persistent spaceship survived for about two hours, much longer than expected.

If we go a little further into space, we will reach Jupiter. For rovers, Jupiter is an even more difficult target than Mars or Venus because it is made almost entirely of gas, which cannot be ridden on. But this did not stop scientists and they sent a probe there. In 1989, the Galileo spacecraft set off to study Jupiter and its moons, which it did for the next 14 years. He also dropped a probe on Jupiter, which sent back information about the planet's composition. Although there is another ship on the way to Jupiter, that very first information is invaluable, since at that time the Galileo probe was the only probe that plunged into the atmosphere of Jupiter.
State of weightlessness

This myth seems so obvious that many people refuse to convince themselves otherwise. Satellites, spacecraft, astronauts and others do not experience weightlessness. True weightlessness, or microgravity, does not exist and no one has ever experienced it. Most people are under the impression: how is it possible that astronauts and ships float because they are far from the Earth and do not experience its effects? gravitational attraction. In fact, it is gravity that allows them to float. During a flyby of the Earth or any other celestial body with significant gravity, the object falls. But because the Earth is constantly moving, these objects do not crash into it.

The Earth's gravity tries to pull the ship onto its surface, but the movement continues, so the object continues to fall. This eternal fall leads to the illusion of weightlessness. The astronauts inside the ship also fall, but they seem to float. The same state can be experienced in a falling elevator or airplane. And you can experience 23 seconds of weightlessness in a plane free-falling at an altitude of 9,000 meters.

Paradoxical as it may seem, our ideas about the world around us are significantly influenced by means mass media and cinema.

It is quite difficult for the average person to imagine that space is a space in which there is simply no gravity. Perhaps this is why facts from favorite films about intergalactic adventures have strengthened our understanding of the concept of space. We are publishing 10 facts that will help dispel the stereotypes about space imposed by Hollywood.

Myth 1. Sounds can be heard in space

On Earth, thanks to the atmosphere, any objects are connected to each other by a relatively dense medium. Evolution has created a way to collect and interpret the vibration of the air or liquid around it, which makes it possible to obtain useful information about the world around us. There is no atmosphere or liquid in space through which vibration waves can pass. This means there can be no sound. The sounds of running engines and explosions are just an invention of the directors.

Myth 2. You freeze instantly in space

Yes, it is theoretically very cold in space, but heat exchange occurs only through physical interaction particles. In the absence of particles around that can “absorb” the body’s temperature, it cools very slowly in outer space. A person would suffocate in space faster than freeze to death.

Myth 3. You can accelerate endlessly in space

Some believe that without air resistance or gravity, gradually accelerating objects can reach almost infinite speed. In fact, the problem with such acceleration is the lack of a fuel source that can last indefinitely.

Myth 4. There are fires and explosions in space

Fire is the reaction of gases burning in air. Without air there is no combustion. The maximum that can be seen in space is a flare that will “feed” on air from the spacecraft.

Myth 5. Soviet cosmonauts wrote in orbit with a pencil

In the USA they say that while NASA spent millions of dollars and years on the invention of a pen capable of writing in zero gravity, Soviet cosmonauts used graphite pencils. But it is worth remembering that on Earth, tiny shavings of graphite left by a pencil settle on paper or fall to the ground, but in orbit they would float weightless and be sucked into air recirculation systems. As a result, astronauts would breathe graphite, and this is unacceptable.

Myth 6. On the surface of Mars you can explode from internal pressure or suffocate

Since Mars has a very thin atmosphere, a person there will certainly suffocate. But it is impossible to explode, since a person’s internal pressure is simply not enough for this. There were even recorded cases of space suits depressurizing in space, and nothing like that happened.

Myth 7. Astronauts fly around ships on jetpacks

While it is true that compressed air can be used to maneuver, backpacks are not typically used in the way they are portrayed in the movies. In practice, the packs are intended to be used only in the event that an astronaut accidentally drifts an unsafe distance away from the ship. In addition, without the use of large special backpacks with compressed air, you cannot fly far on a backpack.

Myth 8. It is very difficult to fly through the asteroid belt

The films have given rise to a very common misconception about asteroid belts. Yes, they are very high density, but only by cosmic standards: half-kilometer blocks fly at a distance of hundreds of thousands of kilometers from each other.

Myth 9. There is “ Dark Side Moon"

The fact that earthlings never see reverse side The moon doesn't mean it never receives sunlight. Because the Earth revolves around the Sun and the Moon revolves around the Earth, and every part of the Moon is illuminated by the Sun. It’s just that the Moon is always turned to the Earth with one side.

Myth 10. In space, astronauts are completely weightless.

There is often talk about the possible medical consequences of living in "zero gravity", but the reality is that no person has ever actually been in zero gravity. One has only to remember that no one has ever been further than the Moon, and the Moon enters the Earth’s gravitational field. It is gravity that allows astronauts to “swim.”