Composition
And a sweet thrill, like a stream,
Nature ran through my veins,
How hot her feet would be
The spring waters have touched.
An interesting comparison can be made between the two verses. It should be noted that in the poem “Autumn Evening” the sky is hardly mentioned. On the contrary, it talks about the earth and everything connected with it: trees, leaves. Only once does Tyutchev speak of azure, but “foggy and quiet.” She looks like she's about to fall to the ground. In the poem “Summer Evening,” the author practically does not mention the earth, but talks more about the sky and stars. Everything strives upward, trying to get off the ground. The stars “raise” the vault of heaven. Tyutchev's lyrics occupy a special place in Russian poetry.
In Tyutchev's fresh and exciting, attractive poems, the beauty of poetic images is combined with the depth of thought and the sharpness of philosophical generalizations. Tyutchev's lyrics are a small part of a large whole, but this small part is not perceived separately, but is in relationship with the whole world and, at the same time, carries an independent idea. The theme of nature occupies a special place in Tyutchev’s lyrics. Pisarev noted: “Tyutchev entered the consciousness of the reader, first of all, as a singer of nature...”. Tyutchev's nature is poetic and spiritual. She is alive, she can feel, rejoice and be sad: the sun is shining, the waters are sparkling,
Smile in everything, life in everything,
The trees tremble joyfully
Bathing in the blue sky.
The inspiration of nature, endowing it with human feelings and spirituality, gives rise to the perception of nature as a huge human being. This is especially evident in the poem “Summer Evening.” The poet associates sunset with a “hot bullet”; Tyutchev’s “bright stars” raise the vault of heaven.
And a sweet thrill, like a stream,
Nature ran through my veins,
How hot her feet would be
The spring waters have touched.
The poem “Autumn Evening” is similar in theme. The same spirituality of nature is felt in it, the perception of it in the form of a living organism:
The lordship of autumn evenings has
Touching, mysterious charm:
The ominous shine and diversity of trees,
There is a languid, light rustle of crimson leaves...”
The picture of an autumn evening is full of living, quivering breath. Evening nature is not only similar to a living creature in some individual signs. She is all alive and humanized. That is why the rustling of the leaves is light and languid, the lightness of the evening is full of an inexplicable attractive charm, and the earth is not only sad, but also humanly orphaned. Depicting nature as a living being, Tyutchev endows it not only with a variety of colors, but also with movement. The poet does not paint just one state of nature, but shows it in a variety of shades and states. This is what can be called being, nature. In the poem “Yesterday” Tyutchev depicts a ray of sunshine. We not only see the movement of the beam, how it gradually made its way into the room, “grabbed the blanket,” “rose onto the bed,” but we also feel its touch. The living wealth of Tyutchev's nature is limited. Thus, nature is alive and sublime, but not everything that is objectively alive touches the poet. He is far from the prosaic face of poetry, its everyday life and objective simplicity. Tyutchev’s nature is universal, it manifests itself not only on earth, but also through space. In the poem “Morning in the Mountains,” the beginning reads simply as a landscape sketch:
The azure of heaven laughs,
Washed by the night thunderstorm,
And winds between the dewy mountains
Only half of the highest mountains
Fogs cover the slope,
Like air ruins
The magic of created chambers.
Tyutchev's poetry always strives upward, as if in order to experience eternity, to join the beauty of unearthly revelation:
And there, in solemn peace,
Caught in the morning
The White Mountain is shining,
Like an unearthly revelation. Perhaps that is why Tyutchev’s symbol of purity and truth is the sky. In the poem “The feast is over, the choirs have fallen silent...”, a generalized image of the world is first presented: “The feast is over, we got up late - The stars were sowing in the sky, The night has reached halfway...”. The second part, as it were, lifts the curtain. The sky theme, which was only slightly outlined at the beginning, now sounds strong and confident. One of the main themes of Tyutchev’s nature lyrics is the theme of night. Many of Tyutchev's poems are dedicated to nature not just at different times of the year, but also at different times of the day, in particular at night. Here nature carries a philosophical meaning. It helps to penetrate into the “secret” of a person. Tyutchev’s night is not just beautiful, its beauty is majestic: Night for Tyutchev is first of all a holiday: “The holy night has risen on the horizon...”. There are so many secrets and mysteries in it.
Tyutchev's skill is impressive. He knows how to find in the most ordinary natural phenomena what serves as an exact, mirror image of beauty, and describe it in simple language: “The warm, summer rain was pouring - its streams sounded cheerfully on the leaves...”. Tyutchev's poetry can be sublime and earthly, joyful and sad, lively and cosmically cold, but always unique, one that cannot be forgotten if you at least once touch its beauty. “He who does not feel him does not think about Tyutchev, thereby proving that he does not feel poetry.” These words of Turgenev perfectly depict the magnificence of Tyutchev’s poetry.
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev is one of the highest creators of world lyric poetry. In support of these words, one can refer to Fet, who saw in Tyutchev “one of the greatest lyricists who existed on earth,” and Leo Tolstoy, who said that “Tyutchev as a lyricist is incomparably deeper than Pushkin.” Tyutchev's primacy as a poet is confirmed by the assessments and judgments about him by Nekrasov, Dobrolyubov, Turgenev, Dostoevsky, Maykov.
A nobleman from an old and glorious family, a diplomatic official, a socialite who divided his time between travel and an almost bohemian life, a regular at aristocratic salons, a great master of salon conversation, whose favorite topic was certainly foreign policy, a wit, an idol and darling of women, he felt like one of his own. among officials.
But Tyutchev’s deepest and best strengths were devoted to lyrical poetry. In it, alone with himself, he lived at one with nature, merged with it, and through nature - with the larger world, without regard to the royal court and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in which he served. Nature is not just one of the facets of his talent, not one of many themes, but a part of life, without which one cannot imagine the appearance and fate of the poet.
Small, frail, always indisposed, who spoke and wrote in French more freely than in Russian, in his lyric poetry he acquired, as his contemporaries testify, a truly spontaneous voice, unheard-of power, the abilities of a judge, a magician, a prophet.
The Tyutchevs owned part of the large village of Ovstug, located in the heart of Russia, in its middle part, in truly fabulous places, where Fetov’s Novoselki, Turgenev’s Spasskoe-Lutovinovo, Leskov’s Panino, Prishvin’s Khrushchovo, Krasny Rog A.K. Tolstoy and a little further - Yasnaya Polyana by Leo Tolstoy. Their house stood on an elevated place, from where a wonderful view opened in all directions, worthy of the brush of I. Levitan or F. Vasiliev. It is clear what kind of relationship Tyutchev had with nature from early childhood, which could not but be reflected in his poetic work.
Look how the grove turns green,
drenched in the scorching sun,
And in it - what bliss blows
From every branch and leaf!
The snow is still white in the fields,
And the waters are already rustling in the spring...
It is impossible not to say that even when the lines of landscape lyrics were born, they were imbued with a powerful and deep spiritual life. For Tyutchev, nature is certainly an attempt to understand, to know the thoughts and feelings of a person, to delve into them. Among the best poems on this topic, I would like to name “Autumn Evening”:
There are in the brightness of autumn evenings
A touching, mysterious charm...
The poet's soul was filled with feelings correlated with what philosophers define in the concepts of doom and freedom, inevitability and chance, time and space, life and death. This is where these lines come from:
Not what you think, nature:
Not a cast, not a soulless face -
She has a soul, she has freedom,
It has love, it has language...
Of course, over the years the internal content of the poet’s lyrics has changed. His early work affirmed the festive grandeur of a person in love with life. In the later poems, the lyrical hero appears clearly not omnipotent, but obviously mortal. But even in these verses, belonging to the Denisyev cycle, addressed to the beloved woman, there is a merging of the world of spiritualized nature and the world of love:
The trees sing, the waters glisten,
The air is filled with love...
True, in this unity of love and nature, one touching smile of one person outweighs the entire “blooming world of nature,” in which “there is a smile on everything”:
But also in excess of rapture
There is no stronger rapture
One smile of tenderness
Of your tormented soul...
Of course, the later lyrics did not cancel out the earlier ones. It’s just that, in the end, we can say that there are two Tyutchevs in literature, and both are beautiful in their own way. The first of them is a poet of blooming youth. The second is that genuine, highest human maturity, when life reveals itself in all its contradictory integrity, with its ups and downs, and the very relationships between people do not carry anything idyllic in themselves, when even a picture of nature can give rise to an intense, dramatic poem “So, I saw you again..."
Tyutchev would not have been a poet-philosopher (and he was just such a poet) if he had not touched upon the topic of human death in his work. Moreover, his attitude towards non-existence was associated with a heightened sense of time and sense of space. For Tyutchev, the distance of time and the distance of space and their power over man, their perception seemed to merge into one thing: man is a natural exception in the battle with the invisible power of time and space, he is the desire to overcome the temporal abyss. A person can and should connect the chain of times with his life. This is convincingly evidenced by the eight-line created in Ovstug:
Quiet night, late summer,
How the stars glow in the sky,
As if under their gloomy light
The dormant fields are ripening...
Soporificly silent
How they sparkle in the silence of the night
Their golden waves
Whitened by the moon...
It would seem just a description of a summer night. But from the grain in the fields, the poet mentally rises to the sky, to the stars, and he connects their light with the cornfield. Life goes on, life goes on, even at night, both on Earth and in space.
Speaking about the theme of man and nature in the poet’s lyrics, one cannot ignore such an important poem for the late Tyutchev, with his poetry of human feat, as “Two Voices,” where the gods themselves look with envy at the struggle of mortal but unyielding hearts. It is impossible not to mention the poem “To a Russian Woman,” where the theme of man merges with the theme of the Motherland. In it, together with such masterpieces of landscape lyricism as “Enchanted Winter...”, “In the original autumn...”, “Quiet night, late summer...”, the poet wants to convey a new vision of the world and Russia. Tyutchev is confident that the true existence of Russia takes place, as it were, in the depths, inaccessible to a superficial glance. Russian life appears to the poet as an element, more like a glow than an obvious reality. And in this element, he measured his poetry, born not of God, but of man, by the same standards:
We can't predict
How will our word respond...
It is not possible to predict, but it is much more important that Tyutchev’s word has not been forgotten, has not faded into oblivion. Fyodor Ivanovich is buried at the Novodevichy cemetery in St. Petersburg. And when I went to the city on the Neva, I was there, as they say in such cases, bowed to his grave. And at home I opened a volume of his poems.
Nature has always been interesting to most Russian writers; it occupied a major part in their work. She also did not leave indifferent the writer Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev - he is a brilliant lyricist, his world is full of mystery and harmony. Nature is very well revealed in his poems. Tyutchev saw nature from different sides and revealed it in different directions. Tyutchev's lyrics played a big role in all Russian poetry. He always described nature in bright colors, fresh and alluring; when reading his poems, nature knows how to feel, be sad and rejoice. Nature in Tyutchev’s imagination is spiritual and poetic, well manifested in the well-known poem “Summer Evening”.
Looking at his work, we can conclude that he loved nature very much in seasons such as spring and autumn. This is noticeable in his poem “Autumn Evening”: nature does not lose its beauty, it is always beautiful. How amazing it is to watch a leaf that smoothly falls to the ground, people always don’t pay much attention, and don’t think about the beauty that surrounds us all. The beauty of autumn evenings is full of quivering breath, alive and unique.
Reading Tyutchev’s poetry, your soul becomes calm, you get the feeling that the world is filled with harmony. Tyutchev's nature is beautiful in any of his reigns. The opposite of the calm style of the poem about autumn is revealed in the poem “Spring Thunderstorm”. In this work, the poet described a charming spring and the first spring thunder in May; while reading the lines of this poem, you can feel the smell of a fresh thunderstorm in the air.
The poetry of F. I. Tyutchev can be different, earthly, living and unique, joyful which cannot be forgotten.
Nature itself is beautiful and perfect, thanks to the writers who open our eyes with their beautiful works about nature.
Essay on the topic Nature in Tyutchev’s lyrics
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyuchev is a great poet of the nineteenth century. With the help of his poetic talent, he very accurately selects very vivid comparisons of nature. He managed to display all its beauty and grandeur.
The poetry of this poet can be very, very different. But she is always so unique. Nature, which cannot be forgotten if you have ever felt this beauty. Reading the poems of this poet, you imagine nature as something inspired and alive. But this is because the poet loves nature and is not indifferent to it. Thanks to his talent, Fyodor Ivanovich wants to give his reader the opportunity to get closer and fall in love with nature. Plunging into the work of this outstanding poet, you understand that F.I. Tyuchev loved nature very much in autumn and spring. In his poems he shows nature from different sides; his nature knows how to be sad and happy.
Looking at the poet’s works, it is not arbitrary to conclude that the author loves nature most in the spring and autumn seasons. An example of this is his poem “Autumn Evening.” In this poem, the author conveys all the beauty of nature, although it is already autumn, nature has not lost its beauty. She still remained beautiful. People never think about how beautiful nature is. And if you look closely and watch a leaf falling to the ground, how it smoothly spins and falls to the ground. This beauty is alive, it is unique.
Immersing yourself in the poetry of Fyodor Ivanovich, you feel serene and peaceful. The complete opposite of the poem “Autumn Evening” is the poem “Spring Thunderstorm”. In this poem, the poet gives his reader the opportunity to plunge into the birth of a new life, since the very title of the poem speaks about this. Plunge into the beautiful spring season. Reading this work, you begin to smell a fresh thunderstorm in the May spring air, as well as hear the rumble of the first thunder.
Tyuchev dedicated many of his poems to nature not only at different times of the year, but also at different times of the day.
Night is also one of the main themes in the poetry of Fyodor Ivanovich. The night described by the author is not only usually beautiful, its beauty is regal. Showing his reader the night, the author paints it as pure and holy, full of invisible secrets and mysteries.
Several interesting essays
In the novel “Oblomov” I.A. Goncharov's main character is a young girl named Olga Ilyinskaya. This is an extraordinary woman with a complex, strong character and destiny. Her image is a bright and at the same time complex character.
The poet's worldview
The influence of Schelling's philosophy. Pantheism.
Perception of the world and existence as a catastrophe
"And we are floating in a burning abyss
Surrounded on all sides..."
There is no time, space is illusory.
Heaven is a pipe dream of harmony.
Earth - loneliness, languor.
Love is a curse, it brings death.
Tyutchev is a powerful lyricist; his poems were created not as rationalistic philosophical constructions, but as inspired improvisations.”
Landscape lyrics
The legacy of F.I. Tyutchev is small: it numbers a little more than three hundred poems. But their significance for Russian and world poetry is immeasurable. As A. Fet said in his inscription on Tyutchev’s collection of poems:
Muse. keeping the truth
She looks and on the scales
This is a small book
There are many heavier volumes.
The poet’s romanticism was manifested in his understanding and depiction of nature.
"Afternoon" (1829), "Spring Waters" (1830), "Autumn Evening" (1830).
Features of the image of nature
1. Tyutchev’s nature is not so much a landscape in which specific individuals act, and space, where the independent forces of the universe act. Nature appears as an element. (Primordial forces: chaos, abyss, winds, thunderstorms, etc.) Philosophical motives in landscape lyrics.
2. A figurative picture of the world: the inaccessible world of the gods; chaos, an abyss that opens before a person at night.
And the man is like a homeless orphan,
Now he stands weak and naked,
Face to face before the dark abyss,
He will be left to himself.
2. Tyutchev was convinced of the idea of the general animation of nature; he believed in its mysterious life. Therefore, Tyutchev portrays nature as a kind of animated whole. Mythologization of images and natural phenomena.
3. Nature appears like a struggle between opposing forces, in the cycle of seasons, in the continuous change of day and night, in the variety of sounds, colors, smells.
4. Tyutchev was especially attracted by the transitional, intermediate moments of the life of nature (the cycle of time in a day, subtle shifts and transitions from day to night).
Tyutchev's image of morning is not like the picture of noon, and noon will not be like evening. What is striking in the poem “Noon” is, first of all, its accuracy and fullness. the ability to express shades in the image of midday. Tyutchev gives unusually precise and apt epithets, captures the most essential feature of the phenomenon (“the hazy afternoon lazily breathes,” “clouds lazily melt”). The very combination “lazy melting” can replace a long, detailed description.
In Tyutchev's lyrics, the main method of animating nature is personification. But this is not just a private technique characteristic of poetry in general. This was due to Tyutchev’s ideas about the spirituality and animation of nature. Therefore, in the poem “noon breathes,” the river “rolls lazily.” Tyutchev also uses ready-made mythological images (Pan is the deity of herds, forests and fields in Greek mythology; nymphs are the deity of nature, life-giving, fruitful forces):
And now he is great Pan
In the cave the nymphs are sleeping peacefully.
Sometimes Tyutchev resorts to personifications, which turn into a kind of mythologization of images and natural phenomena. This is how the poem “Spring Waters” is structured - a poetic description of the awakening of nature. Tyutchev gives not just a spring landscape, but presents a kind of living scene: a natural phenomenon (spring waters) becomes more and more animated, finding a voice: They say to all ends: “Spring is coming, spring is coming!” We are the young messengers of Spring, She sent us forward! "
In these lines, Tyutchev at the same time managed to convey the feeling of spring, young, cheerful; “Reading them, you feel spring, when you yourself don’t know why, your soul becomes cheerful and light, as if several years have fallen from your shoulders - when you admire the grass that has barely appeared, and the tree that is just budding, and you run, run, like a child, deeply drinking in the life-giving air and forgetting that running is completely indecent, beyond his years" (Nekrasov).
Tyutchev was especially attracted to transitional, intermediate moments in the life of nature. Thus, he was interested in the cycle of time in the day, subtle shifts and transitions from day to night. The poem “Autumn Evening” gives a picture of evening twilight, full of colors and sounds:
There is a touching, mysterious charm in the lightness of autumn evenings!.. The ominous shine and variegation of trees, the languid, light rustle of crimson leaves
Tyutchev left many beautiful poetic paintings of autumn. For example, in the poem “There is in the original autumn...” he gave a surprisingly accurate description of early autumn. Never forget the image of the “thin hair of the cobweb” that “glitters on the idle furrow.” Here is the other side of autumn. But this picture is also a harbinger of winter:
And, like a premonition of descending storms,
Gusty, cold wind at times.
At the same time, Tyutchev conveys the feeling of an autumn evening. The poem is built on the parallelism between the life of nature and the life of the human soul. This is reflected in the two-part composition: comprehension of nature is for the poet contemplation of himself in nature. The poem completes the beautiful image of “the shame of suffering.”
“What are you howling about, night wind?..” (1830), “The gray shadows mixed” (1835). The most important theme that Tyutchev introduced into Russian poetry is the chaos contained in the universe, this is an incomprehensible secret that nature hides from man. Tyutchev perceived the world as ancient chaos, a kind of dark primordial element. And everything visible and existing is only a temporary product of this chaos. The poet’s appeal to the “night” theme is connected with this. It is at night, the poet believed, that moments come when a person is left alone in front of the eternal world. At these moments, he acutely feels on the edge of the abyss and experiences the tragedy of his existence with particular intensity.
In the first poem, Tyutchev addresses one of the forms of manifestation of “chaos” - the night wind. He listens to this “chaos”, to the abyss of the world night:
What are you howling about, night wind?
Why are you complaining so madly?..
Either dull and plaintive, or noisy?
The lyrical hero wants to touch this mysterious life of chaos:
He longs to merge with the infinite!..
But at the same time, “scary” songs terrify him:
...don’t wake up sleeping storms -
Chaos is stirring beneath them!..
Another constant motif of Tyutchev’s poetry is “illustrated” by the poem “The gray shadows mixed…” Like the previous one, it has a truly cosmic scope. But it especially strongly expresses the motive only outlined in the previous poem (“He longs to merge with the infinite!..”).
Tyutchev with enormous poetic power embodies here the desire for unity with nature, dissolution in it. The famous poetic formula appears in the poem: “Everything is in me and I am in everything.” It reflects the other side of the romantic worldview - overcoming individualism and the desire to find harmony with the world and nature. The poem has a two-part composition. The first part presents a harmonious picture of the night elements. Tyutchev makes maximum use of the technique of sound writing, permeating the lines with alliteration and assonance. Here is the most striking example:
Quiet dusk, sleepy dusk,
Lean into the depths of my soul,
Quiet, dark, fragrant...
The second part of the poem is a kind of appeal to the darkness of the night. Here the thought itself is important. very significant, striking in its unexpectedness:
Give me a taste of destruction
Mix with the slumbering world!
Man and the Universe, the meaning of life, the relationship between man and nature, chaos and Space, life, love... Eternal themes that have worried writers and poets at all times. They also worried F.I. Tyutcheva. But the images that the poet chose to embody his thoughts, the style of presentation, the depth and significance of the meaning he put into each line distinguish him from all other authors. Many of Tyutchev's poems are momentary impressions. In instant sensations, he tried to express all of himself, his thoughts and feelings, his experiences and anxieties, his perception of the world, which is often built on parallels and comparisons of human life and the natural world.
The charm of Russian nature entered the poet’s heart in his youth, when he lived on his family estate - the village of Ovstug, Bryansk district, Oryol province. Later, this feeling was strengthened when the young diplomat came from decorous Munich to Russia, when he finally returned to his homeland. Nature forever entered Tyutchev’s poetry and became the main object of his reproduction. He never tired of admiring the forest in bad autumn weather or the expanse of fields greeting early spring...
In Russian lyric poetry it is difficult to find an artist in whose work the natural world would occupy such a significant place, but in his poems Tyutchev sought not so much to depict the landscape as to express his experience in connection with it, his caring attitude towards it. He constantly rethought the pictures of nature he saw.
Tyutchev's works are distinguished by their special depth, unique intonations and shades of feelings. He has rare, vigilantly seen subtle landscape details like the “web of fine hair” that “glitters on an idle furrow” - a poetic detail that delighted L.N. Tolstoy, but there is always a “heartfelt” thought, deep and strong.
One of these deep and powerful thoughts is the judgment about the chaos contained in nature. This chaos appears before the poet’s gaze in the form of an incomprehensible mystery and is revealed in the stormy natural elements.
For example, in the early poem “What are you howling about, night wind?..”, the poet, listening to the sounds of this element, strives to unravel the mystery hidden in the chaos of the natural world:
What are you howling about, night wind?
Why are you complaining so madly?
Either dully plaintive or noisy?
The poet wants to merge with the “terrible songs”, with the “limitless” that is felt in them, wants to experience the “ancient chaos”, and at the same time the night howl frightens him, revealing terrible forces and abysses:
ABOUT! don’t wake up sleeping storms -
Chaos is stirring beneath them!..
From this furious wind howling at night, a similar storm, chaos, rebellious thoughts and passions are born in the human soul.
Everything in this poem is woven from contradictions. The voice of the wind is “strange”, but speaks “in a language understandable to the heart”; his songs are “terrible”, but his story is “favorite”; chaos is terrible, but it is also “darling”. But such contradictions - a characteristic feature of Tyutchev's poetry - are artistically justified: the kindred "night soul" of man rushes towards the "night wind".
The poet turns to the “infinite,” sublime in nature, and the language of the poem acquires a high sound: book words appear—“chaos,” “wind,” “lament,” and repetitions become frequent. The emotional upsurge is reflected in the use of the interjection “o” of questions, exclamations, repeated conjunctions, innuendoes...
Tyutchev manages to masterfully combine the conciseness of his poems and the power of feeling, which instantly embraces everyone who reads his lines. This is probably the peculiarity of the author’s worldview, who did not just write poetry, he thought in poetic language. And that’s why his thoughts poured out into such harmonious melodic lines:
The holy night has risen into the sky,
And a joyful day, a kind day,
She wove herself like a golden shroud,
A veil thrown over the abyss.
It is no coincidence that, speaking about Tyutchev’s poetry, I.S. Turgenev noted “the genuineness of his inspiration,” “the poetic breath that emanates from his pages.”
Tyutchev is attracted to nature by its constant renewal. He is able to sincerely rejoice at the appearance of the first leaves on bushes and trees, illuminated by the rays of the sun, to feel how in spring “the air breathes,” to hear how the wind “sways the stem in the field” and “the spruce branches move.” The poet sees a thunderstorm as a vivid expression of the renewal of life, when light gives way to darkness, flashes of lightning and then light again, when heat alternates with freshness, and silence with thunderclaps.
The natural element in the poem “Spring Thunderstorm” is presented in all its auditory, tactile and visual perceptibility. We see how “rain pearls hang, and the sun gilds the threads,” we feel the splashing rain and flying dust; We hear the “mountain noise” of young peals, the bird’s never-ending “forest din”.
The bright images in the poet’s poems not only sparkle and shine, they seem to sing, penetrating not so much with words as with real music into our hearts:
When the first thunder of spring
As if frolicking and playing.
Rumbling in the blue sky...
The poet subordinates all phonetic means of language to the transfer of the music of the May thunderstorm: the syllable “gro-” is repeated: thunderstorm, thunder, rumbles; The sound “r” rumbles: the first, frolicking, playing; the loud “g” makes noise, the melodious “o” and “a” echo, which, according to the observation of the poet Vs. A. Rozhdestvensky, convey a feeling of spaciousness and lightness. Before us is not just a picture of a thunderstorm that delighted and amazed a subtle soul - it is a transfer of joyful renewal in nature, a victorious affirmation of spring, a triumph of youth and beauty.
Throughout his life, the poet never ceased to admire the surrounding beauty and strove to convey all the greatness, all the splendor of the surrounding world, to convey this beauty to readers with the help of unique intonations, melodic, singing and ringing sounds, tones and halftones. Tyutchev loved spring - as an expression of beauty and fullness of life, as a triumph of the new, strong, bright. The same idea of awakening and renewal in nature permeates the poem familiar to us from childhood - “Spring Waters” (Spring is coming, spring is coming!..), when reading which we involuntarily become imbued with the same feelings that the author experiences.
Tyutchev does not give a complete and accurate description of events and phenomena. It only guides us to a certain perception of what is happening. His poems make you not only think and reflect, but also feel, experience, feel, plunging into the magical world of sounds, smells, colors and emotions. With a subtle interweaving of images, hints, and intonations, Tyutchev, as a talented artist of words, introduces us to a special world of hidden, invisible inner understanding of the essence. It is this smooth, imperceptible immersion of the reader into the depths of the world, the depths of phenomena, sometimes even himself, that is one of the most important features of Tyutchev’s poetry. Let's listen to the wonderful lines of the poem "Morning in the Mountains":
The azure of heaven laughs,
Washed by the night thunderstorm,
And it winds dewy between the mountains
The valley is a light stripe.
Only half of the highest mountains
Fogs cover the slope,
Like air ruins
The magic of created chambers.
How subtly the words and characteristics are chosen here, how skillfully, with the help of just a few strokes, the poet immerses us in the vast expanses of mountain valleys and in the depths of the azure sky.
But Tyutchev’s poems about nature do not always carry light delight, fun, carelessness and tranquility. The poet's work incorporates deep philosophical reflections about the essence of man, the meaning of life, the mystery of the world, the Universe. And often a feeling of anxiety, melancholy, fear of the unknown bursts into the poet’s works with completely different intonations, as, for example, in the poem “Day and Night”:
And the abyss is laid bare to us
With your fears and darkness,
And there are no barriers between her and us -
This is why the night is scary for us.
A tragic worldview is as characteristic of Tyutchev as an intoxication with a thirst for life. And this brings his work closer to the work of great composers, who could, in one work, reflect the joy of a spring drop, and the anxiety of foreboding and expectation of something terrible, inevitable.
The emotional world of Tyutchev’s nature lyrics is as rich, varied and rich as the human soul itself. Nature is close and akin to man because she herself is spiritualized: for the poet she is a feeling and thinking being, capable of not only being born, renewing and dying, but also experiencing, speaking, shouting, being indignant, laughing and admiring. This is the subject of the poem “Not what you think, nature...”, in which the poet speaks about the fullness of existence in the natural world and the richness of the experiences of this existence:
Not what you think, nature:
Not a cast, not a soulless face -
She has a soul, she has freedom,
It has love, it has language.
Tyutchev enters into polemics with skeptics who do not recognize this completeness of natural life. And the poet, unlike them, is able not only to admire nature, but also to vividly sense its secrets, its indignant storms, its demonic “gestures”, voices, “actions”, “feelings”. Behind the external edification of the lines, deep poetic content emerges. The artist sees rays penetrating into the very soul, feels the blossoming of spring, the ripening of fruit, hears the talk of the forest, the conversation of the stars, the meeting of the thunderstorm, the unearthly tongues of the rivers. Tyutchev's pantheism is reflected in many of his works about nature, and that is why his nature is so polyphonic, saturated with colors, sounds, and fragrances.
Tyutchev’s depiction of nature is inseparable from philosophical reflection about it. The miniature “Nature is a sphinx. And the stronger it is...” is filled with wise thoughts about the essence of nature: she is a mystery, a sphinx that destroys a person, or “She does not and never had a riddle.” In the mystery of nature lies its poetic charm. It is both mysterious and clear in its animation, it is chaotic and harmonious at the same time. Again we have before us a “heartfelt” thought, deep and strong, warmed by a feeling of “love.” V. Bryusov was right when he noted that “admiring the diverse manifestations of the life of nature” seems to Tyutchev “the highest bliss available to man.”
