Corridors of death. How the “Polar Star” went out: Simanovo Fighting near Demyansk 1942

April 17, 2011

Recently I came across 5 leaflets issued in 1942.
The format is quite interesting: 122x116 mm.

The texts contain “letters” from Red Army defectors addressed to former colleagues.

The texts mention a number of settlements, units and formations of the Red Army.
I wanted to “tie” these defectors to a certain time period and combat operation.
It turned out that the leaflets were issued during the first Demyansk offensive operation, carried out at the beginning of 1942.

A few words about the operation.

The goal of the operation was to defeat a group of enemy troops (II AK troops) in the Demyansk area.
The Demyansk operation, like the Toropetsko-Kholmskaya and Rzhevsko-Vyazemskaya, was part of a large-scale offensive of the Western and Northwestern fronts.
The Northwestern Front had to go on the offensive in the Old Russian direction, defeat the troops of the 16th German Army, located south of Lake Ilmen, and go to the flank and rear of the Novgorod enemy group. At the same time, the front troops were supposed to advance on their left wing in the direction of Toropets, Velizh, Rudnya in order to assist the troops of the Kalinin and Western fronts in defeating the main forces of the German Army Group Center.
To solve the problems set by Headquarters, the commander of the North-Western Front created two strike groups. On the right wing of the front, he concentrated the 11th Army, consisting of five rifle divisions, ten ski and three tank battalions. The army was supposed to strike in the general direction of Staraya Russa, Soltsy, Dno and, together with the troops of the left wing of the Volkhov Front, defeat the Novgorod enemy group. The troops of the left wing of the front, consisting of the 3rd and 4th shock armies, were given the task of striking from the Ostashkov area in the general direction of Toropets, Rudnya and, in cooperation with the troops of the right wing of the Kalinin Front, deeply enveloping the main forces of the enemy Army Group “Center” from the west. .
The front commander entrusted the troops of the 34th Army (five rifle divisions), operating in the center of the Northwestern Front, with the task of pinning down the enemy in the center of the army’s action zone and simultaneously delivering two attacks with their flank divisions: on the right flank - in the direction of Beglovo, Svinora, on the left - on Vatolino with the aim of encircling the enemy group in the Demyansk area.
On January 7, 1942, the 11th Army went on the offensive.
January 9: 3rd and 4th Shock armies.
The latter, by the way, on January 19 were removed from the subordination of the NWF and transferred to the Kalinin Front, and in return, the Headquarters transferred the 1st Shock Army to the NWF, as well as the 1st and 2nd Guards Rifle Corps.
The offensive of the strike forces of the 34th Army did not begin simultaneously: the commander was forced to synchronize his actions with his neighbors. The offensive of the right flank of the 34th Army began simultaneously with the offensive of the 11th Army, on January 7. The left flank went on the offensive simultaneously with the 3rd and 4th UA: January 9.

In the sector of the 11th Army, the offensive quickly stopped, hitting Staraya Russa, which the Germans turned into a very powerful stronghold. By the way, Staraya Russa was liberated only on February 18, 1944, and before that its approaches were watered with Russian blood for a long time and unsuccessfully.
Here is the testimony of A.V. Rogachev, a fighter of the division advancing in this direction: “From February 23rd to 27th there were continuous attacks... 3-4 attacks during the day; at night, again. The losses were very large. I’m like this I saw very few bloody battles, like on the North-Western Front, during the war... there were so many killed there that it was difficult to just get through."

The left wing of the front, on the contrary, advanced quite successfully and soon found itself southwest of Demyansk.
On January 29, the 1st Guards Rifle Corps began its offensive. The offensive was carried out on a wide (40-kilometer) front in two groups. The main forces of the corps, consisting of the 7th Guards Rifle Division, the 14th and 15th Rifle Brigades, the 69th Tank Brigade and two ski battalions, struck along the Staraya Russa-Zaluchye highway through Ramushevo; the second blow was delivered by the 180th Infantry Division, 52nd and 74th Infantry Brigades on Pola. During February 1942, units of the 1st Guards Rifle Corps marched more than 40 km with continuous battles and by February 20 reached the Zaluchye area, where they linked up with the 42nd Rifle Brigade of the 34th Army, advancing from the south. The encirclement ring has closed. Units of the 290th, 123rd, 12th, 30th and 32nd infantry divisions, as well as the SS motorized division Totenkopf, fell into the “cauldron”. In total there are about 95,000 people.

The minimum daily requirement of the surrounded group was approximately 200 tons of food, fuel and ammunition.
On February 20, the Germans organized an air bridge connecting the group with the “mainland.” On the territory of the “cauldron” there were two operating airfields (in Demyansk for 20-30 aircraft and in the village of Peski for 3-10 aircraft). Every day, 100-150 aircraft arrived in the “cauldron”, delivering an average of about 265 tons of cargo.
You can read more about the organization of the air bridge and air battles in the Demyansk area here:
http://www.airwar.ru/history/av2ww/axis/demyansk/demyansk.html - this article was also published in the Aviamaster magazine No. 1 for 2004.

The battles to eliminate the encircled troops became fierce and protracted. Soviet troops sought to compress the encirclement ring and destroy the troops located in it. To this end, they carried out continuous attacks, throwing more and more forces into battle. Despite the reduction in food supply by half, extreme physical stress and continuous attacks by the enemy, who in several places managed to break through the battle formations of German troops stretched to the limit and fight inside the cauldron, the encircled divisions withstood the onslaught of the Soviet armies.

It should be noted that the formation of the pocket reduced the offensive potential of the NWF, since the task of containing six German divisions, like a large firebox requiring firewood, required reinforcements and a lot of ammunition, which were already in short supply at the beginning of 1942. Moreover, the NWF did not have the opportunity to simultaneously put pressure on the Demyansk and Kholm groups, as well as on Staraya Russa.

In order to disorganize the resistance of the encircled group and cut off its rear communications, the Soviet command carried out two successive landing operations: in February the 204th Airborne Brigade was dropped into the “cauldron”, and in March - the 1st and 2nd MVDBr.
You can read more about the fate of the paratroopers here:
http://desantura.ru/articles/34/
Also, a lot of interesting materials about the paratroopers of the 1st Maneuverable Airborne Brigade can be found in the journal of Alexey Ivakin ivakin_alexey

To free the encircled troops, a special strike group of three divisions (5 and 8 Jaeger Divisions, 329 Infantry Division) was formed under the command of Lieutenant General Walter von Seydlitz-Kurzbach, which launched an offensive on March 21 from the area southwest of Staraya Russa. Later, the blow was struck from inside the “cauldron”. The result of a month of fighting was the formation on April 21 of the so-called “Ramushevsky corridor” 6-8 kilometers wide, along which the Germans were again able to provide the “cauldron” divisions with everything they needed.

During May 1942, Soviet troops once again attempted to eliminate the Demyansk ledge. The headquarters transferred 5 rifle divisions, 8 rifle and 2 tank brigades from its reserve to the NWF. However, despite the presence of sufficient forces and means, the offensive of the North-Western Front ended in vain. The German command, having figured out the plan of the operation, transferred significant reinforcements from other sections of the Demyansk ledge to the area of the Ramushevsky corridor, leaving only about five divisions inside it, attracted part of the formations of the 18th Army and strengthened the defense of the corridor.
The Ramushevsky corridor was not liquidated and existed throughout 1942.

But let's get back to the leaflets.

1) The first leaflet (shown above) describes a Red Army soldier who crossed over (it is possible, of course, that this is a propaganda fiction, but the Germans could well have taken the real testimony of a defector, “creatively reworked” them and carried them to the masses) on April 12 - during the culmination of the battles for breakthrough of the encirclement ring around Demyansk. The ring was already close to a breakthrough; German units had already wedged themselves into our defenses quite strongly, reaching the line of the river. Redya. Although the advance of the Seydlitz-Kurzbach group practically stopped after reaching Redier on April 6 (it continued after regrouping and changing the direction of the main attack on April 20), the intensity of the fighting did not subside. The spring thaw also made its own adjustments to the actions of the parties, making the timely delivery of reinforcements, ammunition and food almost impossible. Naturally, not everyone survived such inhuman conditions. The described fighter was already an old man by that time - he had fought in the First World War. We must pay tribute: the older generation did not fight as evil and actively as the youth; probably, the prudence and caution acquired over the years still had an effect. Many had families and children behind them. Therefore, for these reasons, older fighters thought more about how to survive on their own than the “crazy” youth.

Here it is worth starting with the fact that there were mistakes in the name of the locality. Instead of "Strebitsa", the village that actually existed in the area of the Demyansk cauldron was called Strelitsy. It can be easily found on the map above.
The rifle regiment indicated in leaflet 1234 belonged to the 370th Rifle Division - Siberian, formed in the Tomsk region in September 1941. By the beginning of 1942, the division was transferred to the NWF and became part of the 34th and then the 11th Army and occupied the defense line between the villages of Gorchitsy and Vyazovka in the Novgorod region. This was the north-west of the Demyansk cauldron. The division's regiments were tasked with destroying German strongholds in Novaya Derevnya, in the settlements of Nikolskoye, Kurlyandskoye, Strelitsy and breaking into the German defense system. This was part of a systematic effort to compress the encirclement cauldron.
By March 9, the Kurlyandskoye stronghold was taken.
On April 11, the village of Strelitsy was taken. Further advance was stopped by stubborn resistance from the enemy, who concentrated a large mass of troops in the western part of the pocket to break through the encirclement.

This example mentions the village of Vasilievshchina - in 1942 - a powerful stronghold of the Germans, which was no less important than Ramushevo itself (Vasilievshchina was located at the end of the corridor from the north - from the side of the encircled group; in fact, Vasilyevshchina, as well as Ramushevo, was part of the “skeleton” of the corridor) and passed from hand to hand more than once.
Our troops were repeatedly tasked with capturing Vasilyevshchina: first in January 1942 as part of the operation to encircle the Demyansk group, then - after the formation of the Ramushevsky corridor - as the first point in operations to eliminate it.
The plan for eliminating the corridor in all cases was approximately the same: the 11th Army was supposed to occupy Vasilyevshchina, the 1st Shock Army - Byakovo. After the connection in the Byakovo-Vasilievshchina area, it was planned, having created a defense along the Pola River, to attack Ramushevo with the goal of completely eliminating the corridor. The Germans knew this scenario, so they took measures in advance to strengthen the walls and mouth of the corridor (sometimes even to the detriment of the defense of the boiler itself).
In April 1942, troops of the 180th Infantry Division and the 74th Separate Marine Rifle Brigade held the defense in the Vasilyevshchina area. In March-April 1942, they were opposed by the SS division "Totenkopf" and the 290th Infantry Division of the Wehrmacht, who were trying to break through the encirclement.
In the April battles, the Germans almost completely destroyed the 180th SD (withdrawn for reorganization on May 3, 1942). The text gives the date: April 19, 1942. On April 25, the troops of the Seydlitz-Kurzbach group and the encircled group had already finally “formalized” the Ramushevsky corridor (although the battles for its expansion continued until May 5).
Maybe the defector described is just from the 180th SD?
Unfortunately, I was unable to find the village of Monakhovo (it is also mentioned in the leaflet). The village of Monakovo, similar in name, was located on the other side of the cauldron: from the south, near Lake Seliger. Could we be talking about her? I doubt it, of course, although...

This leaflet features the “neighbor on the left” of the 180th SD - 74th Omsbr. The brigade was formed in the Kazakh SSR, in the city of Aktyubinsk. It partly included sailors of the Caspian military flotilla, partly cadets of the Leningrad Higher Naval School.
The 74th Motorized Rifle Brigade was part of the 1st Guards Rifle Corps. The brigade's operational zone was located between the 26th SD (left) and the 180th SD (right).
In April, the brigade, along with neighboring units, defended itself in the area of the Pola River, trying to prevent the encircled German group from connecting with the troops of Seydlitz-Kurzbach.
Unfortunately, I was unable to find any mention of the village of Lyudkino - nor, indeed, of settlements with a similar name in the corridor area.

The 7th Guards Division was part of the 1st GvSK. Despite the fact that the division was advancing from the north in February, during the April battles it found itself on the southern side of the Ramushevsky corridor, cut off from the main forces of the corps. The division's operational zone was in the Velikoye Selo - state farm "Znamya" area.
On April 20, the Seydlitz-Kurzbach group resumed its offensive with the forces of the 5th, 8th Jaeger and 18th motorized divisions and the next day linked up with the encircled group near the village of Ramushevo.

The text of the leaflet looks funny at the surprise of our soldiers at the relationship between German officers and soldiers. In particular, the same rations.
You can read about German rations here: http://army.armor.kiev.ua/hist/paek-wermaxt.shtml
NPO order on food supplies for spacecraft fighters and commanders - here: http://militera.lib.ru/docs/da/nko_1941-1942/04.html
As you can see, paragraph 8 stipulates the ration supplement for middle and senior command personnel. In general, it is difficult to call it very significant. She only added some “pleasant little things” to the commander’s diet, which, by the way, throughout the war (and, indeed, to this day) were the target of enemy propaganda. The situation is approximately the same with the everyday uniforms of soldiers and commanders, which varied in materials and quality of tailoring (although on the front line commanders tried not to stand out from the mass of soldiers in their uniforms).

The defector described in this leaflet came to the Germans on May 3 - in the midst of oncoming battles for the Ramushevsky corridor (by May 5, the Germans further expanded the corridor and took up defensive positions).
The Wehrmacht introduced new formations into battle, trying to expand the boundaries of the corridor. Our troops, from May 3 to May 20, unsuccessfully attacked with the forces of the 1st UA and 11th A, trying to slam the corridor.

Here is what Alexey Isaev writes about these battles in the book “A Short Course in the History of the Second World War. The Offensive of Marshal Shaposhnikov”:
In May, troops of the North-Western Front launched an offensive to eliminate the “Ramushevsky corridor”. The offensive of the front troops began on May 3 and continued until May 20. However, due to poor organization of the operation, patterned actions of troops and weak command and control of troops on the part of the front command, these intense battles did not produce significant results. The shock groups of the 11th and 1st shock armies were unable to break through the enemy’s defenses and cut the “Ramushevsky corridor”. The German command, in order to maintain its positions in this corridor, regrouped the formations occupying the defense along the perimeter of the Demyansk ledge there. As a result, only 4.5 divisions were left on a 150-kilometer front inside the Demyansk bridgehead itself. However, the command of the Northwestern Front did not take advantage of this circumstance and stopped the offensive on May 20.

Numbers according to the register of propaganda publications: 399 Ub, 390 Ub, 402 Ub, 396 Ub, 397 Ub, respectively.
All leaflets have the same back side containing the pass form:

When preparing this post I used materials and links:
I would be happy to read a detailed study of the battles for Demyansk. The point here is not the talent of Hitler’s commanders and the mediocrity of ours. Both were on both sides of the front. It's a matter of the nature of the area. Yes, yes, exactly in it!
The German defense on these fronts was built from a network of strongholds located on high, non-marsh areas (usually in the area of populated areas). All around there were either dense forests (60% of the area of the Novgorod region) or swamps, which reduced the possibility of large masses of troops bypassing these strong points to almost zero.
As a result, no matter how cool tacticians and strategists the Soviet commanders were, they had no other choice but to storm the German defense centers.
There was simply no place to carry out dashing, daring maneuvers with masses of troops (as, for example, in the Stalingrad steppes).
This led to World War I style carnage, where whoever had the most men, shells and equipment won.

PPS: it’s annoying when Demyansk is called Demyansk.

I found an interesting document on the Memory of the People website called "Information on the technical condition of the combat equipment of the 103rd separate tank battalion as of April 15, 1942". The document lists the serial numbers of the KV-1 and T-34 tanks of the battalion, their combat damage and places of loss. This information may be very useful in further identification of these tanks in German photographs.

Above is a map of the combat area. Below is the document and a link to it, as well as some information on the combat operations of the 103rd separate tank battalion in April 1942. Plus, along the way, I found some interesting information on the 42nd Tank Brigade.

So, the actual document.

And some information to read. On April 2, 1942, the 103rd OTB received new materiel at the Kresttsy station - 10 KV-1 tanks and 20 T-34 with personnel. By the middle of the day on April 4, the battalion concentrated in the area of the village of Omychkino, coming at the disposal of the commander of the 1st Guards Rifle Corps.
On April 5, the battalion went into battle. Two KV companies and a T-34 company were supposed to capture the village of Yudkino and the Ustye farm with the infantry of the 52nd RRF. During the battle on April 5, the 103rd Regiment lost two KV-1 tanks and one T-34.

Tank from the 1st company (tank commander Lieutenant Stepanov, tank number, probably 10044 ), carried away by the pursuit of the retreating enemy, fell into a ravine and got stuck there. The tank commander was killed and two other crew members were wounded. The remaining crew, having destroyed the optics and weapons, abandoned the tank. It was not possible to evacuate the tank because... sapper work was required, but it was not possible to approach the tank and clear the ravine, because the enemy prevented this with machine-gun fire.

Tank from the 2nd company (tank commander Lieutenant Dovbysh, tank number, probably 10082 ) when going to the storage warehouse. The mouth went off course and ended up in the village of Uchny, where it entered into battle with the enemy. Having passed the village, the tank fell through the tower into the Starovskaya Robya River. The tank commander Dovbysh and the commissar of the 2nd tank company, senior political instructor Borovkov, remained in the tank, and the rest of the crew was sent for help. However, it was not possible to provide assistance, because the enemy mined and took the approaches to the tank under fire. Lieutenant Dovbysh and senior political instructor Borovkov went missing.

KV tanks of the 103rd brigade took part in the battles for Yudkino on April 6 and 7, but there were no more losses. Subsequently, until April 11, KV-1 tanks were on the defensive in the occupied areas. The tank crews repaired and restored materiel.

On April 11, three KV-1 tanks (from serial no. 10036 , 10038 And 10046 ) and two T-34 tanks, on the orders of the commander of the 1st GSK, went to the area of the famous village of Vasilyevshchina. On April 13, these five tanks with infantry from the 74th Rifle Brigade attacked Vasilyevshchina. Tanks passed the village several times, but failed to gain a foothold in it due to the small number of infantry (only 80 people).
During the battle, the battalion lost one KV-1 and two T-34s. Two more KV-1s were damaged. More information about the course of the battle can be found in the report of the commander of the 103rd detachment, Captain Koltsov (read the report).
KV-1 shot down on the outskirts of Vasilyevshchina with manager. No. 10038 (a sloth was broken, two rollers were knocked down, a tower was jammed) it was not possible to evacuate.
Until May 4, KV-1 tanks of the 103rd Regiment did not participate in battles due to difficult road conditions. Tank crews were repairing materiel. On April 16, a document was drawn up, from which, in fact, this topic began ().

On May 4, an order was received to send three KV-1 tanks (probably from factory no. 10007 , 10020 And 10076 , because these tanks as of 15.04. were operational) and four T-34 tanks at the disposal of the commander of the 14th RRF for an attack on the village of Novoselye (on the map between the villages of Omychkino and Korovitchino).
On the night of May 5-6, tanks attacked Novoselye with infantry of the 14th Rifle Brigade attacking Novoselye. The tanks were forced to move along the road, because There were swampy and wet areas on both sides of the road. The attack ended unsuccessfully. At the entrance to the village, the lead KV tank (commander junior lieutenant Balashov) was blown up by anti-tank mines (the tracks and sloths were broken) and blocked the road. In addition, the Germans lost one T-34 from anti-tank fire.

In the early morning of May 7, the attack on Novoselye was repeated. And again unsuccessfully, because... German anti-tank guns were not suppressed and had the opportunity to shoot our tanks from the villages of Kobylkino and Omychkino. While going around the KV-1, which was blown up on May 6, another KV-1 fell on mines. Another KV-1 took a left, went off the road and got stuck in the mud, and then was shot and burned by the Germans. Two T-34 tanks were also lost - one was knocked out by anti-tank guns, and the other was destroyed by a direct hit from an aerial bomb from a German dive bomber.

During these battles, the battalion irretrievably lost three KV tanks and three T-34 tanks; 5 tankers were killed, incl. KV tank company commander Captain Bondarenko, 12 were wounded and 14 were missing, incl. KV tank platoon commander Lieutenant Pudovkin, KV tank gun commander Sergeant Major Pshenichkin and KV tank driver Sergeant Titov.

After the battles near Novoselye in the spring of 1942, the 103rd Regiment did not take part in hostilities. During a month of active hostilities, the battalion irretrievably lost 6 KV-1 tanks and 12 T-34 tanks. More information about the state of materiel based on the results of the spring battles can be found in the report of the commander of the 103rd detachment, Captain Koltsov (

"Ramushevsky corridor"

Indeed, I didn’t know then that I would stay on the North-Western Front for three hundred days - almost a year! Each of these days was different, but always difficult. Our division, which was part of the 11th Army, was withdrawn to the rear many times for replenishment. And then they were thrown back to the front line, often to their original places. It was a difficult psychological test: to again enter into battle in a place from which he had barely returned alive. Involuntarily I thought - what will happen this time?

To make it clear where the fighting took place, a few words should be said about the Northwestern Front. At that time, it was located between the Volkhov (from the north) and Kalinin (from the south) fronts - from Lake Ilmen to Lake Seliger, stretching for more than 200 km. Back in the winter of 1941, the troops of this front surrounded the 16th German Army, consisting of seven divisions, in the Demyansk area. The history of the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union says this: “During the battles, surrounded by enemy troops, three German divisions were defeated. The enemy left up to 12 thousand corpses on the battlefield. Our troops captured 185 guns, 135 mortars, 340 machine guns, 450 vehicles, 125 wagons with various cargoes, several warehouses with ammunition, equipment and food and other military property." However, the front was unable to build on its success and destroy the encircled army.

On April 21, 1942, at the cost of heavy losses, the Germans managed to break through the front of the Soviet troops and connect with the encircled group in the area of the village of Ramushevo. “Attempts... to liquidate the so-called “Ramushevsky corridor” formed by the Nazis did not bring success.”

A road connecting Staraya Russa with Demyansk passed through a “corridor” about 40 kilometers long and up to 10 kilometers wide. For the surrounded German troops, it was the road to life, and they defended it, regardless of losses.

The conditions of hostilities in the area of the “Ramushevsky corridor” were extremely harsh. Countless swamps made it impossible to build either a real trench or a durable dugout. Ground shelters in the form of low double walls made of stakes, with swamp mud mixed with moss thrown between them, did not protect from shelling. The almost continuous May showers saturated the entire earth with moisture, even in elevated places. In almost all trenches and dugouts, water remained under the floor of stakes all the time, and it had to be constantly bailed out. At night, German telephone wire was most often burned in the dugout for lighting. It smelled very strongly, and in the morning the fighters coughed for a long time, spitting out nasty black mucus. I remember that the chief of staff who replaced Saksin, Captain Tirikov, a former teacher from Siberia, having slept the night in our smoky dugout, thoroughly “cleaned” his lungs and nasopharynx, and then joked:

“Before the war, I had a cow, so I built her a barn - light, high, I cleaned it every day. And now, when I return after the war, I will build the same dugout and tell her: live, dear, as I lived!

During the entire summer we never washed ourselves and were completely covered in lice. It was impossible to destroy our tormentors while on the front line. And only in the fall, when bathhouses were built in the rear of the division, we managed to get rid of them. However, not for long. During protracted battles, the lice appeared again. And again, on the days of respite, I had to thoroughly fry my clothes.

Autumn gave way to winter with severe frosts. But the frosts did not freeze the local swamps. Knowing that we were located in the forest, the Germans fired with strong mortar and artillery fire at forest islands, isthmuses and floorings that ran right through the swamps. The fire was not targeted, but due to the crowding of fighters in drier areas, it caused great damage.

Later we learned to make shelters in two and three rolls and felt safer in them. And yet, every time mines or shells flew over the dugout or somewhere not far away with an ominous whistle, my heart sank with alarm... With each explosion, the dugout shuddered as if alive, earth fell from the slope and walls. Will the next one pass? How much did the soldiers’ hearts endure during these endless nine months of almost continuous fighting: after all, for many days and nights the shelling did not stop...

From May to June 1942, the troops of the North-Western Front went on the offensive three times with the aim of defeating the Demyansk enemy group. The first operation was carried out from May 3 to May 20. Its plan was to use the forces of the 11th and 1st Shock Armies to launch counter strikes from the south and north along the “Ramushevsky corridor”, completely block it and then defeat the enemy group.

“The Soviet troops failed to cope with the task,” military historians would later write. “The subsequent attempts of the North-Western Front to liquidate the enemy’s Demyansk bridgehead were also unsuccessful. This was explained primarily by the fact that the offensive was poorly organized. The front command acted indecisively, the command of the troops was weak. The attacks were not carried out simultaneously and on narrow sections of the front, but the entire rest of the front remained passive. Repeated attacks came from the same area, which greatly facilitated the enemy’s fight against the Soviet troops.”

How much blood and wasted lives are behind these few dry words!

On May 3, 1942, the 55th Division, together with other units of the front, was thrown into battle with the task of cutting the Staraya Russa - Demyansk road, in the area of the villages of Vasilievshchina - Byakovo. The front command did not take into account the fact that the division was not prepared for the offensive.

When the 55th Division was formed in January–March 1942, the regiments did not have any weapons. “The training took place on wooden models of rifles, machine guns, artillery pieces and mortars made by the servicemen themselves. There was no practical skill in handling weapons,” recalls the former chief of staff of the 107th regiment, division veteran Nikolai Stepanovich Loktionov. “Rifles, machine guns and guns began to arrive When, having landed at the Kresttsy station on April 14-17, the division approached the front line for half a month. Spring thaw, heavy rains, and roads with impassable mud made it impossible to conduct training on the move. It was necessary to build roads, carry shells by hand, and pull them out. guns constantly stuck in swampy places. For many days we ate from hand to mouth - the delivery of food was constantly delayed.”

On May 1 and 2, units of the division approached the front line. It included three rifle regiments staffed according to wartime standards - the 107th, 111th and 228th, as well as the 84th artillery regiment, which was not yet fully equipped with artillery weapons.

On the night of May 2-3, the division relieved the 74th Marine Brigade and was sent on the offensive in the morning.

Unfortunately, the initial success was not consolidated in a timely manner. Over several days of heaviest bloody fighting, the division suffered huge losses and found itself in its original positions.

In the memory of Nikolai Stepanovich Loktionov, some details of these tragic days were preserved:

“The 107th Infantry Regiment was supposed to break through the enemy’s defenses and capture a section of the Byakovo – Vasilyevshchina road,” he recalls. “The offensive began in the morning. The regiment was not given any means of reinforcement. It was supported only by the artillery of the 84th AP. The enemy had a well-equipped system pillboxes and bunkers connected by trenches. The swamp and flooded meadows in front of them were mined to a depth of a kilometer. Behind them were wire barriers in three rows. The fortified points in the villages of Byakovo and Vasilyevshchina were filled to the limit with machine guns, cannons, and especially mortars. strong reserves that he could maneuver along the Staraya Russa - Demyansk road. He had tank units and aviation.

After artillery preparation, units of the 107th regiment, with the 228th regiment on the right, attacked the enemy. Many firing points on the front line of enemy defense were destroyed. Successfully moving forward, units of the 107th Regiment cut the road in a small area. An order was received to continue the offensive in the direction of Byakovo. The enemy stubbornly defended. The 228th regiment, advancing on the right, did not have the desired success. And then the enemy launched a counterattack.

Bomber aircraft appeared in the sky. While under bomb attacks, the regiment's units still continued to fight. After the end of the bombing, the enemy, having brought up reserves - infantry and tank units, again launched a counterattack, opening strong artillery and mortar fire. We did not have a single fighter, not a single tank, and the flanks where the enemy’s defenses were broken through were not properly covered.

To develop the success of the offensive, the division commander, Major General Shevchuk, sent a battalion of the 111th regiment to the 107th regiment, but under the current conditions this reserve could not provide real assistance in developing the existing success. The heavy losses of the regiment's personnel also had an impact. In the battle, two battalion commanders and the battalion chief of staff were killed, not to mention heavy losses of personnel. The remnants of the regiment put up stubborn resistance. There was also a battle on the flanks of the breakthrough. The strength was becoming less and less. Many died as heroes on the battlefield. Many wounded were sent to the regiment's medical unit. The forces were unequal. Our units were forced to begin retreat. An order was received to prevent the enemy from getting behind him. the old line of defense. This order was carried out. This ended the first day of the battle.

For the next two days, units of the division went on the offensive, but were unsuccessful. On May 5, regiment commander Mamin called me and set the task - with the help of the remainder of the foot reconnaissance platoon and fifteen machine gunners, to replace all the soldiers and officers who were there at the front line and send them to the rear of the regiment. This was done to more accurately determine how many fighters remained from the unit’s personnel. Everyone was removed from the defense and the few who remained alive were dealt with at the camp kitchens. On the morning of May 6, they returned back and relieved us. Then everyday combat began. We had to either advance unsuccessfully or repel the attacks of the advancing enemy. When the Siberian Brigade arrived in early June, it only needed one rifle platoon to relieve the regiment’s personnel in its defense area...”

The doctor of the medical battalion of the 55th division, Georgy Artemovich Gazalov, recalling at one of the post-war meetings the tragic days in early May 1942, said: “There were so many wounded that I, who received them and did the first treatment, by the evening stopped straightening my back, my arms became covered with a crust of dried blood, and it was difficult to bend their fingers. On the night of May 9, there was a frost and snow fell. Many of the wounded, lying right in the open air, were frozen by the morning."

Serafima Porfiryevna Ryzhkova, at that time a sister of the medical battalion, repeatedly accompanied the wounded when they were sent to the evacuation hospital. “I was entrusted with a column of cars filled with the wounded,” she recalls. “Almost a hundred kilometers of rainy and cold spring off-road, potholes, shaking decks and gates became the road of death for some of the wounded - I did not have time to help them. In the few villages through which we passed , residents were already waiting for us, trying to help in any way they could - they brought food, fed the wounded, took the dead out of the cars. I remember, during a stop on the way, I saw that one of the wounded got out of the back of the car. Before we started moving, I went to check and returned. I looked - the young fighter leaned his back on the radiator, apparently wanted to warm up, and so, standing, he died and looked at me with glassy eyes... When you see this at eighteen years old, it’s memorable for the rest of your life!

The situation in the medical companies serving the rifle regiments was even more difficult.

“Our 228th Infantry Regiment entered the battle on the morning of May 5,” says Galina Sergeevna Fedko, head of the hospital’s pharmacy, then a fragile nineteen-year-old girl. “The weather was damp, unpleasant, it was raining and snowing the day before. And there wasn’t even a tent in the medical battalion. Instead, They built a canopy of pine and spruce branches, under which there was the same flooring. I was tasked with meeting the wounded and, on the doctor’s orders, administering injections of morphine and anti-tetanus serum. An inexplicable nervous trembling from the anticipation of what was to come tormented us all already in the morning. Around twelve o’clock the wounded began to arrive. Among the first to be brought was nineteen-year-old Vasya Shepilov, the commander of the medical platoon of the 2nd battalion, who looked like just a boy. When the mine exploded, the commander of the medical unit A.V. Ninburg was next to him, but he remained alive. We decided to bury Vasya right there, at the edge of the forest. forest, the hole that they began to dig immediately filled with water. So many years have passed, and as if in reality I see Vasya’s crumpled body, half-filled with swamp slurry.

All night and all the next day the wounded arrived, they were transported on carts, and those who could came themselves. In all the years of the war, I cannot remember days like these first days of May 1942. The doctors literally fell off their feet, I was sick from the smell of fresh blood everywhere in the air, I couldn’t eat and didn’t go to bed all these days... In the first three days, 850 wounded passed through the medical unit. These are only those who have been registered."

The other two rifle regiments, which entered the battle for Vasilyevshchina two days earlier, suffered the same severe losses. The village changed hands several times and still remained with the Nazis. The artillery regiment also had a very difficult time. It is no coincidence that the commander of the division in which I ended up was so happy about the replenishment.

I’m writing and thinking: is it necessary to dredge up the tragic past and talk about the unsuccessful offensive? After all, the culprits are punished. Later, for the division's unpreparedness for the offensive and inept leadership of the battle, its commander was put on trial by a military tribunal. And the division commander was Hero of the Soviet Union, Colonel Zaiyulyev Nikolai Nikolaevich.

But whatever the punishment, it will not bring back to life the senselessly killed soldiers and officers. Irresponsibility in war is terrible, there is no forgiveness for it!

It is no coincidence that the soldiers and commanders of the North-Western Front read to the gills the issues of the newspaper "Pravda" with A. Korneichuk's play "Front". The content of this play was in many ways reminiscent of the situation that developed in the area of the “Ramushevsky corridor”: soldiers and commanders of companies and battalions, despite the fierce resistance of enemy troops, carried out their task, and then the success, achieved at the cost of great human sacrifice, was reduced to zero due to poor preparation of the offensive and miscalculations of the command during the battle.

The first battle of the division was no exception.

The disorganization of the offensive and the senselessness of the victims affected the morale of the soldiers. The weaker ones developed a feeling of hopelessness and inevitable death. “On the third day of the offensive,” says Gazalov, ““self-shooters” appeared among the wounded. They were easily detected by powder stains on the wound. These were not treated and were sent to division headquarters, and from there to a military tribunal. I especially remember one soldier. At first I thought that he was an ordinary wounded man - the guy’s hand was torn off. Suddenly they came from the regiment and asked if a Red Army soldier had come to us with a torn off hand. It turns out that someone saw how a soldier, hiding behind a tree, pulled out a ring in a grenade. and raised his hand with it behind the trunk. I wanted to remain silent, I felt sorry for the guy - after all, they would shoot him. But it turned out that the fighter gave himself away, he called out to me and waved his stump - thank you, doctor!

Taking advantage of our failures, the Nazis bombarded the front line with leaflets. They depicted a Red Army soldier hanging on a barbed wire fence and the inscription: “You will all die in these terrible swamps! Shoot the commissars and commanders who are driving you into battle, and surrender!”

By the end of May 1942, our division finally recaptured the village of Bolshiye Dubovitsy and reached the Suchan swamp. I am sure that everyone who served in the 55th Division in those days remembered this damned swamp. It stretched for two dozen kilometers and was almost impassable both in summer and winter. Behind the swamp the forest began, along its leading edge there was an enemy front line. Our front line passed through a swamp. Among the swamp there were forest islands and isthmuses, but there were very few of them. I remember their conventional names: Roshcha-Kruglaya, Cucumber, Lapot and others. Some were on our territory, others were with the enemy, and others were divided in half. Between the islands and to the front line, floorings were laid from poles, branches, and even whole logs. The swamp was mined on both our and the German sides.

Throughout the summer and autumn of 1942, three rifle and artillery regiments of the division fought fierce offensive-defensive battles on Suchan. Our division was opposed by the selected fascist division "Totenkopf". Units of the 1st Shock Army of the North-Western Front were rushing towards us - we could already hear distant cannonade ahead.

The swamp became an ally of the enemy, making it difficult for fighters to approach the enemy front line. It began with mines and wire barriers installed in the swamp, and then turned into a powerful defensive system of bunkers and trenches deep in the forest. The Nazis camouflaged their firing points with earth, moss and tree branches. It was almost impossible to see them in the thicket of the forest. It was also impossible to get close to the enemy bunker even at night: Hitler’s soldiers hung tin cans on the wire fences, which rattled with every attempt to bend or cut the wire. The enemies responded to any suspicious sound with machine gun and machine gun bursts, while illuminating the area with rockets.

In the reports of the Sovinformburo, published in newspapers in the summer of 1942, the North-Western Front was still hardly mentioned or indicated that local battles were taking place. Meanwhile, the battles were very brutal, with heavy losses on both sides. However, from the point of view of the high command, our front played a supporting role. At that time, the fascist hordes were rushing to Stalingrad, continued to blockade Leningrad, and captured a significant part of the North Caucasus. Our division and other troops of the North-Western Front were tasked with grinding down the enemy's manpower, preventing the Nazi command from transferring troops from the north-west to Leningrad and to the south.

Several times our division, together with its attached and supporting units, as well as in cooperation with other divisions of the front, tried to cut the “Ramushevsky corridor”, but to no avail. The division's regiments suffered serious losses, especially on days of major offensive operations. One of them was carried out on the eve of winter, when the swamp and forest were covered with snow. I remember the flooring leading to the front line, along which the wounded were transported. Some of them walked on their own. Covered with snow in the morning, by the end of the day the flooring looked like a bloody canvas almost a kilometer long...

In addition to Cucumber, Laptya, Roshcha-Krugloya and other disastrous places, there was also the Island of Death on the Suchansky swamp. This small piece of land was located on the German side of the swamp and was captured by a group of Red Army soldiers led by junior commander Porvatkin in the first days of the offensive. Porvatkin’s group managed to build such a heavy defense there that the Germans could not defeat it. But the conditions on this island were extremely difficult. The flooring that stretched there across the swamp was clearly visible to German machine gunners on both sides. The approach to the Island of Death was possible only at night. But even then the Germans fired at it with mortars, using data from daytime sightings.

The Central Archives of the Ministry of Defense preserved a combat report testifying to the strength of enemy shelling on Suchan: “During the day on October 10, the defense area of the 1st battalion of the 107th joint venture was subjected to heavy artillery fire, as a result of which the entire battalion personnel were out of action, leaving only one battalion commander with a contact..."

An eyewitness to these tragic events, signalman of the 2nd division of our regiment, Pyotr Ivanovich Zheltov, told at a meeting in 1990 some details of that terrible day. In the morning, when the battalion went on the offensive after a Katyusha salvo, the enemies opened hurricane artillery and mortar fire. The battalion advancing through the swamp lay down, but this did not save the people, who were deprived of any shelter. There was no way to carry out the dead or provide assistance to the wounded, and they died from loss of blood or another nearby shell exploding. In addition, one of the Katyusha salvos became fatal for the daredevils, who managed to get almost close to the enemy trenches at the beginning of the attack. Two hours later, twelve people remained from the battalion. The shelling continued, and by the end of the day only the battalion commander, his liaison and Zheltov survived. At this time, eight machine gunners sent by I from the regiment tried to break through to them. Only three made it. The surviving battalion commander and soldiers had to lie half in the water. The enemies were no more than two hundred meters away. As soon as you raised your head or stood up a little, machine gun fire rang out or mines flew. Only three days later a messenger made his way to them with an order to leave. Zheltov recalled that he had never had a harder time than these days, neither before nor later - after all, even a “minor need” had to be dealt with right away. In the case of the “big” one, instead of a toilet bowl they used a sapper shovel to throw its contents away from you...

The enemies suffered no less. This is evidenced by lines from a letter from a German soldier written in those days:

“Dear Gerta! If you saw us fighting with Karl, you would go crazy! Karl’s arm was torn off, and he, the lucky one, was lucky... We won’t get out of Russia alive.” The letter turned out to be prophetic - the soldier did not even have time to send it.

A captured chief corporal of the 12th company of the 28th infantry regiment of the 8th light infantry division testified:

“It (Russian artillery) simply bombards us with shells... We find no salvation. There are only a few people left in our companies...”

And here is what was said in the combat report of the headquarters of the 55th division dated November 29, 1942: “The 28th Infantry Regiment of the 8th Light Infantry Division in front of the offensive front of the 55th SD offered stubborn resistance. Heavy machine gun fire from the bunker area continued to defend the former line of defense, relying on strong strongholds and a developed system of engineering barriers. During November 28, 1942, it suffered losses of more than 300 soldiers and officers.

If we take into account the wounded (and in reality there were always 3-5 times more of them), then there was little left of the German regiment after this battle!

To observe the swamp and pinpoint targets, the Nazis used double-fuselage reconnaissance aircraft, which we nicknamed “frames.” These planes often hovered over our position, adjusting the fire of their batteries. We tried to shoot them down with rifles, but without success, since the “frame” had good armor protection.

The peculiarities of the wooded and swampy terrain complicated the actions of not only the artillerymen.

In August, before one of the offensives, the division was reinforced with a tank group. I accidentally witnessed how our new division commander, Hero of the Soviet Union, Colonel Zaiyulyev, while instructing tank crews, promised:

– If you help the companies advance half a kilometer, I will present each one to the Golden Star!

Unfortunately, not one of the three tanks returned - the Nazis set them on fire with combustible bottles on the line of their first bunkers.

During the days of major offensives, we were supported by aviation. Most often these were “silts” - attack aircraft, which the Nazis called the “Black Death”. But the forest also prevented the planes from turning at full speed.

The “corn makers” – light two-winged aircraft – brought big trouble to the enemies. As soon as night fell, their rhythmic rattling could be heard from all sides, and then powerful explosions of bombs echoed on the enemy front line and behind it. And again the forest became a hindrance: it happened, although rarely, when a “corn farmer”, without calculating, dropped a bomb on our front line.

There was another reason why the summer and winter of 1942 were very difficult for the troops, not only on ours, but on all other fronts. A.V. Gorbatov spoke very well about it, this reason, in his book “Years and Wars” (he then commanded a division): “In that situation, it was natural for the division commander to choose objects for private operations himself, to determine the strength of the detachment himself and the time for an attack using surprise. In such cases, the enemy usually had losses two, three, or even four times more than we did. It’s another matter when they tell you everything from afar... indicating the hour of the attack, they determine the forces (in addition. not corresponding to either the task or your capabilities). In these cases, the result was almost always the same: we were not successful and suffered losses two to three times greater than those of the enemy.

Particularly incomprehensible to me were the persistent orders - despite failure, to attack again, moreover, from the same starting position, in the same direction for several days in a row, to attack, without taking into account that the enemy had already strengthened this sector. Many, many times in such cases my heart bled..."

During almost three hundred days of our stay on the North-Western Front, the companies and battalions of the division were rushed by the command to the offensive exactly as A.V. Gorbatov writes. The Red Army had to pay with soldiers' blood for the crimes of Stalin and Voroshilov, who destroyed in 1937-1939 more than 40 thousand senior command personnel - loyal to the country, experienced and highly educated commanders of regiments, divisions, corps and armies.

From the book Antinurnberg. Unconvicted... author

Chapter 4. Danzig and the “corridor”, or a little about the skill of provocation Here are, verbatim, the demands that were set out by Ribbentrop to the Polish ambassador in Berlin Lipski on October 24, 1938: 1. "Free City" Danzig returns from League of Nations rule to administration

From the book “Valley of Death” [Tragedy of the 2nd Shock Army] author Ivanova Isolda

I. I. Belikov Holding the “corridor” The war found me in Karelia, where I served in active service. For our 81st Red Banner Rifle Regiment, fighting began from the very first days. In October I was wounded in the head, and I was taken to a hospital in Arkhangelsk for treatment.

From the book War Criminals Churchill and Roosevelt. Anti-Nuremberg author Usovsky Alexander Valerievich

Chapter 4 Danzig and the “corridor”, or a little about the skill of provocation Here are, verbatim, the demands that were set out by Ribbentrop to the Polish ambassador in Berlin Lipsky on October 24, 1938: 1. The “Free City” of Danzig returns from the control of the League of Nations to the control of Germany. 2.

From the book Quick Fire! Notes of a German artilleryman 1940-1945 author Lippich Wilhelm

Chapter 10 Demyansk Corridor September 1942 - March 1943 Novgorod September - November 1942 By the time I returned from a three-week vacation in early September, part of the 58th Division had been transferred 90 kilometers south of Leningrad to positions

From the book The Court of Russian Emperors. Encyclopedia of life and everyday life. In 2 volumes. Volume 2 author Zimin Igor Viktorovich

From the book Shamil [From Gimr to Medina] author Gadzhiev Bulach Imadutdinovich

“CORRIDOR OF DEATH” In the second half of 1832, the first imam of Dagestan Kazi-Magomed successfully acted in Chechnya. A ten-thousand-strong detachment of General Rosen was sent there, and the imam was forced to leave for his place in the village of Gimry. Rosen decided to follow the retreating mountaineers. October 8, 1832

At the end of autumn 1942, a general Soviet offensive began along the entire length of the Soviet-German front. The troops of the North-Western Front made several attempts to cut the “Ramushevsky corridor” and finally eliminate the enemy’s Demyansk bridgehead. The next Demyansk offensive operation took place as part of Operation Polar Star. Only in February 1943 this star never lit up.

The fight for the “Ramushevsky corridor”

In January 1943, in the wake of the euphoria from the successes of Stalingrad, Operation Iskra and the liberation of Velikiye Luki, the Soviet command developed Operation Polar Star. The troops of the North-Western, Leningrad and Volkhov fronts were supposed to defeat Army Group North, which would ultimately lead German troops on the Eastern Front to disaster, and liberate the Leningrad region. This idea was also picked up by the representative of the Headquarters on the Volkhov Front, Marshal Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov. His intervention gave new impetus to the troops of the Northwestern Front. It is their actions in February 1943 that will be discussed.

If the operation was successful and the encircled group of the II Army Corps under the command of General Paul Laux (16th Army) was destroyed, the Germans would have lost up to 13 infantry divisions at once. The II Army Corps itself could be considered one of the strongest German formations on the entire Eastern Front. General Laux, an experienced officer, previously led the 126th Infantry Division, which participated in many important operations in the northwestern direction - from Velikie Luki to Leningrad.

The most vulnerable section of the defense of II Corps was the Ramushevsky Corridor. The Germans understood this very well and tried to ensure his safety as much as possible. The corridor was defended by the divisions of Gustav Höhne's group. Previously he commanded the 8th Jaeger Division. In essence, Höhne's group was a real army corps. The northern section of the corridor was occupied by the 254th, 290th and 58th Infantry Divisions, as well as the 8th Jaeger Division. The southern sector was defended by units of the 126th Infantry Division, and on its left flank was the 123rd Infantry Division, which was not part of Höhne’s group.

The troops of the 11th Army were advancing on the northern section of the Ramushevsky Corridor. It was headed by the former commander of the Northwestern Front, Pavel Alekseevich Kurochkin. The strike force of the 11th Army consisted of four rifle divisions. Due to the fact that the offensive was prepared in a hurry, there were not enough people. For example, in the 370th Rifle Division of Major General Evgeniy Mikhailovich Andreev on February 14, 1943 there were only about 300 active bayonets in its three rifle regiments - in fact, there was only enough combat strength for three battalions. Before the start of the offensive, the division was reinforced, but its condition was still unsatisfactory. It was not possible to achieve better staffing.

Two regiments were to attack, each of which had active fighters per battalion. Despite the fact that the personnel were still prepared for battle, the small number of people did not give much chance for major success - even taking into account the fact that the division was reinforced with a battalion of machine gunners from the 40th Ski Brigade and skiers from the 163rd Infantry Division. In addition to the 370th, the 26th, 188th and 254th rifle divisions were to participate in the offensive.

The Soviet attack was mainly planned on the area where the defense was occupied by units of the 290th Wehrmacht Infantry Division - the 501st, 502nd and 503rd Grenadier Regiments. If successful, Soviet troops could well intercept several important roads and threaten German supply routes in the Ramushevsky Corridor. It is worth noting that by this time the command of the 16th Army had received permission from above to withdraw its troops from the Demyansk bridgehead and was preparing to begin a full-scale evacuation.

370th Division strikes

The offensive of the 11th Army began on February 15, 1943 at 11:30 am. The offensive did not go well almost immediately, so it makes sense to dwell only on the most critical moments. They are associated, for the most part, with the actions of the 370th Infantry Division of the 11th Army.

Commander of the 11th Army Pavel Alekseevich Kurochkin

The division delivered the main blow to the village of Simanovo in the Novgorod region (now it does not exist). The division's two rifle regiments advanced with tank support: the 1232nd Rifle Regiment was supported by five vehicles of the 3rd Guards Tank Regiment, and the 1234th Rifle Regiment advanced with tanks from the 239th Tank Regiment. As a result of this offensive, the 1232nd Infantry Regiment broke through the enemy defenses. Tanks burst into the village. But the trouble is that as a result of the breakthrough, most of the landing party lost its combat capability, and the only attacking battalion of the regiment suffered such losses that only dozens of active bayonets remained in it. Two tanks were hit. After the German repulse, it was possible to assemble a reserve of only 70 people in one of the regiment’s companies, but most of them were out of action almost instantly. The neighboring 1234th Infantry Regiment was not successful. On the night of February 16, two of his tanks were able to return from Simanovo, and two more vehicles were hit and remained in the village.

Information reached the headquarters of the North-Western Front that the village had been taken - this is how Kurochkin’s headquarters presented the situation in its report. Technically this was indeed true. Based on this, front headquarters sent two reports. The first one went to Stalin - it talked about the capture of Simanovo. The second was sent to the Chief of the General Staff and contained more accurate information.

The real picture is complemented by German documents. The Soviet offensive on February 15 did not cause the enemy serious concern. The history of the 290th Division speaks of powerful unexpected artillery fire, rocket-propelled mortar attacks, attack aircraft, broken wire communications and failure of weapons and equipment. But the Germans did not lose a single tactically important position. True, from the 290th division they reported the temporary loss of Simanovo: the battalion headquarters was surrounded there, but according to German tradition, measures were immediately taken to recapture what was lost. In total, during this day the Germans counted from 40 to 60 attacking tanks. Later, Soviet commanders admitted that the attack of the second echelon tanks was thwarted: they went in a different direction, and the infantry advanced without them and was shot at point-blank range by the enemy.

Commander of the II Army Corps Paul Laux

The village of Simanovo will now be constantly mentioned in reports. The battle for this village became a local battle in miniature. In other sectors, the 11th Army had no success. The total losses of the army were impressive: in just one day, February 15, they amounted to more than 900 people killed and more than 1,300 wounded.

Fatal Simanovo

On February 16, the offensive continued. Another tank landing force burst into Simanovo. How did this happen and did it really happen? The commander of the 370th division later reported that he had gathered all his remaining forces. Of the two rifle regiments, the division managed to assemble approximately two rifle companies. Their fighters lay down under enemy fire. However, army headquarters reported to the top about another breakthrough in Simanovo. And you can’t argue with this: the tanks really entered Simanovo.

The next act of the struggle for Simanovo took place the next day. On this day, the 370th Division was replaced by soldiers of the 28th Guards Rifle Division. The fate of the tanks that broke through there the day before was sad: on February 17, this group was destroyed. Attempts to advance in other areas also failed. The fighters of four Soviet rifle divisions failed to advance further than the front line. Military luck was not on their side.

A fragment of a report map of the North-Western Front, which shows the area of the 11th Army's offensive.
pamyat-naroda.ru

So far, the 11th Army has not been able to achieve even such modest successes as the 53rd Army operating to the south. Failures were costly. The day of fighting on February 16 cost almost 2,000 people killed and wounded. But the Soviet commanders still had hope for success. The regrouped 28th Guards Rifle Division was somewhat stronger than the 370th: by the beginning of the offensive it had up to 1,000 active bayonets. But her attempt to take possession of the village was unsuccessful. The remnants of the 370th Division again tried to take Simanovo, but this was an impossible task for such a battered formation - even though the command had reduced its offensive front by almost half. However, there were no plans to withdraw the division from the battle.

The next day, February 18, Soviet troops again advanced on Simanovo. The outcome of this battle was also unsuccessful. The German report was succinct: the defensive line was “firmly in our hands.” It turned out that Kurochkin was losing his little battle. The weakened units of the 11th Army could no longer achieve any serious success, but the Soviet command did not stop further attacks. The army's losses decreased somewhat - due to the fact that fewer and fewer active fighters remained in its rifle divisions. True, the Germans were also exhausting their reserves: all the forces that could be assembled for the 290th Division had already gone into battle.

On February 19, four rifle divisions of the 11th Army went on the offensive again. The successes were more than modest. Meanwhile, the Germans were actively retreating to the west.

German report card. The situation in the II Army Corps sector on February 19, 1943 is shown. From the NARA collection

The next day, February 20, the 11th Army continued to advance. The Germans began to suffer significant losses; Soviet artillery fired at their firing points. But the German line of defense held. By this time, the retreat of the II Army Corps had already lasted for several days, and soon the enemy was supposed to reach the area where the main battles took place.

An attempt to conduct night operations was ineffective, and the 11th Army stopped the offensive for some time. Only on February 23 did she make the next move, now with larger forces, in the hope of intercepting the Ramushevsky Corridor.

On February 22, Höhne’s group came under the control of the X Army Corps, which was occupying the defense at Staraya Russa. The final withdrawal of the 290th Division to the west of the battle area at Simanovo was planned on the night of February 25. The Germans set out after 9 pm and did not encounter any particular obstacles along the way. Having gone beyond Lovat, the enemy blew up the ice on the river, making pursuit difficult. The 11th Army was unable to prevent the enemy from carrying out his plan.

What was the result of this offensive? Soviet troops suffered heavy losses. Every day of fighting cost the 11th Army at least 600-plus people killed and wounded. Sometimes the number of losses reached up to a thousand. True, for the 290th Infantry Division these battles also did not go unnoticed: from February 16 to 28, it lost almost 600 people, of which about 100 were missing. There were many reasons for the Soviet failure. Probably the most important of them was that the offensive was neither truly secured nor prepared.

Sources:

Documents of the North-Western Front, 11th Army, 370th Infantry Division (Memory of the People).
II Army Corps documents from the NARA collection.

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UECHETP-'BRBDOSCHN ZHTPOFPN, UP'DBOOSCHN ABOUT VBE rTYVBMFYKULPZP CHPEOOOPZP PLTHZB, CH OBYUBME CHPKOSH LPNBODPCHBM ZEOETBM-RPMLPCHOIL w. y. lХЪОЭГПЧ. YuMEOPN chPEOOOPZP UPCHEFB VSHM LPTRHUOPK LPNYUUBT r. b. dYVTPCHB, OBYUBMSHOILPN YFBVB - ZEOETBM-MEKFEOBOF r. u. lMEOPCH. rPTSE LFY CHPKULB CHPZMBCHMSMY ZEOETBM-NBKPT r. r. UP-VEOOYLPCH, ZEOETBM-MEKFEOBOF r. b. lHTPYULYO, nBTYBM UPCHEFULPZP UPAB y. l. fYNPYEOLP, ZEOETBM-RPMLPCHOIL y. u. lPOECH.

UECHETP-ъBRBDOSCHK ZHTPOF OBIPDIYMUS ABOUT CHBTSOEKYEN UFTBFEZYUEULPN OBRTBCHMEOYY YUSCHZTBM CH IPDE CHPKOSH PZTPNOKHA TPMSH. PE CHBYNPDEKUFCHYY U UECHETOSCHN, B UBFEN (23 BCHZKHUFB 1941 ZPDB UECHETOSHCHK ZHTPOF VSHM TBDEMEO ABOUT MEOYOZTBDULYK Y LBTEMSHULIK) Y MEOYOTBDULYN ZHTPOFBNY, U LTBUOPOBNEO OSCHN vBMFYKULIN ZHMPFPN ON ЪBEYEBM rTYVBMFYLH. rPFPN CH RTEDEMBI CHBMDBKULPK CHPCHSHCHYOOOPUFY PE CHBINPDEKUFCHYY U MEOIOZTBDULYN, CHPMIPCHULYN, LBMYOYOULYN Y UBRBDOSHCHN ZhTPOFBNY UFPSM ABOUT UFTBC MEOYOZTBDB Y NPULCSHCH .

h IPDE PECH MEFPN 1941 ZPDB ChPKULB UECHETP-ъBRBDOPZP ZhTPOFB UDETSBMY OENEGLP-ZHBIYUFULYI BICHBFUYLPCH, RSHFBCHYIUS U IPDH RPTCHBFSHUS L mEOOZTBDH, SHOP PVMEZYUMY RPMPTSEOYE EZP ЪBEYFOILLPCH. sing FBLCE OE RPJCHPMYMY ZYFMETPCHGBN RTPDCHYOHFSHUS L vPMPZPE - CHBTSOEKYENH KHMKH LPNNHOILBGYK, UCHSCHCHBCHYI RTETSDE CHUEZP nPULCHH U MEOYOZTBDPN. pUPVP CHBTsOP PFNEFYFSH, YuFP UECHETP-'BRBDOSCHK ZhTPOF UFBM OERTEPDPMYNPK UFEOPK O RKhFY ZHBUYUFPCH, UFTENYCHYIUS PVPKFY nPULCHH U UECHETB. zhTPOF UDETSYCHBM PZTPNOKHA NBUUKH ZYFMETPCHULYI CHPKUL, UPUTEDPFPYOOOSCHI CH TBKPOBI DENSOULB Y uFBTPC TKHUUSCH, LPFPTSCHE RTY DTHZYI PVUFPSFEMSHUFCHBI NPZMY VSHFSH VTPEOSCH ZHBY UFULINE LPNBODPCHBOYEN ABOUT TEYBAEYE OBRTBCHMEOYS, L nPULCHE Y MEOYOZTBDH.

UMEDHEF PFNEFYFSH, YuFP UECHETP-'BRBDOSCHK ZhTPOF OE RTPUFP ULPCCHCHBM RTPFPYCHOILB, OP OBOPUYM ENKH YUKHCHUFCHYFEMSHOSHCHE KHDBTSHCH, RETENBMSCHCHBM EZP CHPKULB. lPOFTHDBT 11-K BTNYY (LPNBODHAEIK ZEOETBM-MEKFEOBOF ch. y. nPTPЪPCH) Y DTHZYI CHPKUL 14-18 YAMS 1941 ZPDB RPD uPMSHGBNY, LPZDB VSCHMY TBVYFSHCH Y PFVTTYE OSCH FBOLPCHSHCHE NPFPTYPCHBOOSCH DYCHYYYY 56-ZP NPFPTYЪPCHBOOPZP LPTRKHUB RTPPHYCHOILB, RP RTBCHH NPTsOP OBCHBFSH PDOPK YЪ LTHROSHI PRETBGYK lTBUOPK bTNYY CH FPF RETYPD.

h UETEDYOE BCHZKHUFB 34-S BTNYS OBOEUMB LPOFTKHDBT U THVETSB T. rPMOEFSH OBRTBCHMEOYY chPMPF (PE CHBYNPDEKUFCHYY U 48-K Y 11-K BTNYSNY), RTPDCHYOKHMBUSH CHRETED DP 60 LN Y H SHCHYMB CH TBKPO fHMEVMS. fP CHSCHOKHDIMP ZHBUYUFULPE LPNBODPCHBOYE RETEVTPUYFSH L KHYUBUFLBN RTPTSCHB OBYUYFEMSHOSHE UYMSCH U DTHZYI OBRTBCHMEOYK.

7 SOCHBTS 1942 ZPDB PDOPCHTEENOOOP U chPMIPCHULIN ZHTPOFPN RETEYMY CH OBUFKHRMEOYE Y CHKULB UECHETP-ъBRBDOPZP ZHTPOFB. 11-S BTNYS ZEOETBM-MEKFEOBOFB h. nPTP'PCHB L YUIPDKH CHFPTPZP DOS RTPDCHYOKHMBUSH VPMEE YUEN ABOUT 50 LN Y OBCHSBMB VPK UB UFBTHA TKHUKH. dPTPZB, CHEDHEBS YJ LFPZP ZPTPDB CH yYNUL, PLBBBMBUSH RETETEBOB MSHTCOSCHNY PFTSDDBNY.

34-S BTNYS (EA CH FP CHTENS LPNBODPCHBM ZETETBM-NBKPT o. 3. vetBTYO) PICHBFYMB DENSOULHA ZTHRRYTPCHLH U CHPUFPLB Y AZB. yuFPVSH KHULPTYFSH EE TBZTPN, uFBChLB RTYDBMB UECHETP-'BRBDOPNKH ZhTPOFKH 1-A KHDBTOKHA BTNYA Y DCHB UFTEMLPCHSHI LPTRHUB. h YFPZE CHUFTEYUOSCHI HDBTPCH DENSOULBS ZTHRRYTPCHLB RTPFYCHOILB PLBBBMBUSH YЪPMYTPCHBOOPK PF PUOPCHOSHI UYM. h NEUPL RPRBMP 7 DYCHYYK, OBUYFSHCHBCHYI PLPMP 70 FSCHUSYU UPMDBF Y PZHYGETPCH. RETED OBYYNY CHPKULBNY CHUFBMB ЪBDББББ: РПЛПОУИФШ ЪДЭУШ У RTPFPYCHOILPN. zhTPOFPCHSHCHN chchu uFBChLB RTYDBMB KHDBTOKHA BCHYBGYPOOKHA ZTHRRRYTPCHLH tzl. OP VMPLYTPCHBFSH PLTHTSEOOSCH CHPKULB U CHPDHIB OE HDBMPUSH. h FP CHTENS ZHBUYUFULPE LPNBODPCHBOIE TBURPMBZBMP OBYUYFEMSHOP VPMSHYYN LPMYUEUFCHPN YUFTEVYFEMEK Y FTBOURPTFOSCHI UBNPMEFPCH, YUEN NSCH. uOBVTSEOYE CHTBTSEULYI CHPKUL OE RTELTBEBMPUSH. 34-S BTNYS CH IPDE OBUFHRMEOYS RPOEUMB VPMSHYIE RPFETY Y RTEDRTYOSFSH YUFP-MYVP TEYYFEMSHOPE OE NPZMB.

yuFPVSH CHSHCHTHYUFSH RPRBCHYIE CH PLTHTSEOYE CHKULB, RTPFYCHOIL UPUTEDPPFPYUM L AZKH PF UV. TKHUUSCH DP 6 DYCHYYK Y 20 NBTFB OBOEU HDBT RP OBYN YUBUFSN CH OBRTBCHMEOYY TBNHYECHP. rPFPN ON OBOE CHUFTEYUOSCHK HDBT YЪ TBKPOB DENSOULB. pVTBЪPCHBMUS FBL OBSCHCHBENSCHK TBNKHYECHULIK LPTYDPT. DENSOULBS ZTHRRYTPCHLB UPEDYOMBUSH UP UFBTPTKHUULPK.

zhBYYUFULPE LPNBODPCHBOYE RTYDBCHBMP DENSOULLPNH RMBGDBTNH PUPVPE OBYEOYE, OBSCHCHBMP EZP "RYUFPMEFPN, RTYUFBCHMEOOOSCHN L UETDGH TPUUYY". rMBGDBTN ЪBOYNBM PZTPNOKHA FETTYFPTYA PF uFBTPC tKHUUSCH DP PIETB UEMIZET, ZMKHVPLP CHLMYOYCHBMUS CH TBURPMPTSEOYE OBUYI CHPKUL, YuFP UPЪDBCHBMP TEBMSHOKHA KHZTPЪХ PVIPDOPZ P NBOECHTB RTPFYCH CHPKUL UECHETP-ъBRBDOPZP ZhTPOFB Y ZHMBOZPCH UPUEDOYI ZHTPOPCH - lBMYOYOULPZP Y chPMIPCHULPZP. rTPFYCHOIL CH TBKPOE mSHYULLPCHP RETETEEBM TSEMEOKHA DPTPZKH chBMDBK - uFBTBS TKHUUB Y PUEDMBM TSD ZTHOFPCHSHI DPTPZ, YNEAEYI CH HUMPCHYSI MEUYUFP-VPMPFYUFPK NEUFOPUFY PUPVP CHBTSOPE PRETBFYCHOPE OBYUEOYE. DMS UPCHEFULYI CHPKUL UPЪDBMYUSH YUTECHSHCHYUBKOP FTHDOSHHE HUMPCHYS: UCHPVPDB NBOECHTB, RETEZTHRRYTPCHLB UYM ZHTPOFB Y UOBVTSEOYE ЪBFTKHDOYMYUSH.

Private enterprise ChFPTPC RPMPCHYOE 1942 ZPDB ЪB TBNKHYECHULIK LPTIDPT TBCHETOHMPUSH PTSEUFPYUEOOPE UTBTSEOYE. pOP DMYMPUSH U OEVPMSHYYYNYY RBKHJBNY U YAOS RP DELBVTSH. dPUEME OILPNKH OE YJCHEUFOBS ABOUT VETEZKH OEVPMSHYPK TEYULY mPCHBFSH FYIBS DETECHKHYLB TBNKHYECHP UFBMB GEOFTPN RTPFYCHPVPTUFCHB PZTPNOSCHI NBUU CHPKUL.

RETED OBYUBMPN JOFEOUYCHOSHI VPECH ЪB PCHMBDEOOYE tBNHYECHULIN LPTIDPTPN chchu UECHETP-ъBRBDOPZP ZHTPOFB VSHMY RTEPVTBBPCHBOSHCH CH 6-A ChPЪDKHYOKHA BTNYA. h RTYLBYE oBTPDOPZP LPNYUUBTB PVPTPOSH, RPDRYUBOOPN 6 YAOS 1942 ZPDB, RP LFPNH RPChPDH ZPCHPTYMPUSH:

"h GEMSI OBTBAYCHBOYS KHDBTOPK UYMSCH BCHYBGYY HUREYOPZP RTYNEOOYS NBUUYTPCHBOOSCHI BCHYBKHDBTPC - PVAEDYOYFSH BCHYBUYMSCH UECHETP-ъBRBDOPZP ZHTPOFB CH EDYOKHA CHP'DKHYOKHA BTNY A, RTYUCHPYCH EK OBYNEOPCHBOYE 6-K CHPDHYOPK BTNYY.”

lPNBODHAEIN 6-K CHP'DKHYOPK BTNYEK VSHM OBYUEO ZEOETBM-NBKPT BCHYBGYY d. lPODTBFAL. l OENKH-FP CH BCHZKHUFE 1942 ZPDB S Y VSHHM OBBUEO ЪBNEUFFEMEN.

h UPUFBCH BTNYY CHPIMY: 239-S YUFTEVYFEMSHOBS (LPNBODYT RPMLPCHOIL z. b. yCHBOPCH; OBYUBMSHOIL YFBVB RPMLPCHOIL h. z. chPTPVSHECH; CHPEOLPN UFBTYK VBFBMSHPOOSCHK LPN YUUBT b. b. , B U BRTEMS 1943 ZPDB RPMLPCHOIL z. YNYO; YCHYYY; 242-S OPYUOBS VPNVBTDYTPCHPUOBS BCHYBDYCHYYS (LPNBODYT RPMLPCHOIL ld. dNYFTYECH, B U ZHECHTBMS 1943 ZPDB RPMLPCHOIL d. bVBOYO; OBYUBMSHOIL YFBVB RPMLPCHOIL y. VEZHOPCH; CHPEOLPN VTYZBDOSCHK LPNYUUBT d. y. 243-S YFKHTNPCHBS BCHYBGYPOOBS DYCHYYS (LPNBODYT RPDRPMLPCHOIL j. h. DEMSHOPCH, B U SOCHBTS 1943 ZPDB RPMLPCHOIL z. b. uHIPTEVTYLPCH; OBYUBMSHOIL YFBVB RPMLPCHOIL II f. . . l. pTMCH); UENSH BCHYBGYPOOSHI UNYBOOSCHY PFDEMSHOSCHY BCHYBRPMLPCH Y FTY PFDEMSHOSHE BCHYBULBDTYMSHY. pVUMKHTSYCHBOYE MEFOSHI YUBUFEK VSHMP CHPMPTSEOP ABOUT 7-K Y 00-K TBKPOSH BCHYBGYPOOPZP VBYTPCHBOYS, B FBLCE ABOUT PFDEMSHOSCH FSHMPCHCHE YUBUFY Y ULMBDSCH. 7-N tbv LPNBODPCHBM RPMLPCHOIL l. b. bDPTPCH, 60-N - NBKPT tsp. UCHEYOILHR.

UPEDYOEOOYS Y YUBUFY YNEMY FERTSH UFTPZHA UYUFENH PTZBOYBGYY, OPCHHA NBFETYBMSHOKHA YUBUFSH Y MEFUYYLPCH, CH VPMSHYOUFCHE UCHPEN PVMBDBCHIYI PECHSHCHN PRSHFPN. fBLYN, L RTYNETH, VSHM 288-K YFKHTNPCHPK BCHYBRPML, LPFPTSHN LPNBODPCHBM NBKPT u. n. hBUYMSHECH. PUEOSHA 1942 ZPDB ENKH RETCHPNH UTEDY YUBUFEK 6-K bw VSHMP RTYUCHPEOP ZCHBTDEKULPE ЪCHBOIE. UFBCH 33-N ZChBTDEKULYN YFKHTNPCHSHCHN, ON CH UPUFBCHE 6-K ChPЪDKHYOPK BTNYY RTPYEM PF chBMDBS DP chBTYBCHSHCH, B RPЪDOEE CH UPUFBCHE 16-K ChPЪDKHYOPK BTNYY ZTPNYM OENGECH RPD vet MYOPN.

l 10 YAOS 1942 ZPDB 6-S CHP'DKHOOBS BTNYS YNEMB 74 VPNVBTDYTPCHEYLB rE-2, uv Y DTHZYI FYRPCH; 91 YUFTEVYFEMSH SL-1, mbzz-3, “IBTTYLEKO”, “LYFFYIBHL”; 23 YFKHTNPCHYLB yM-2, 118 rP-2 Y t-5. u FYNYY UYMBNYY OBYUBMB POB VPECHHA TBVPFKH.

UFTENSUSH MYLCHYDYTPCHBFSH TBNKHYECHULYK LPTYDPT, CHPKULB ZHTPOFB RTEDRTYOSMY PE CHFPTPK RPMPCHYOE 1942 ZPDB TSD OBUFHRBFEMSHOSHHI PRETBGYK. RETCHBS Y OYI OBYUBMBUSH 17 YAOS Y RTDPDPMTSBMBUSH 9 DOK. yuBUFY 11-K BTNYY OBOPUYMY FPZDB HDBT U UECHETB CH OBRTBCHMEOYY hBUYMSHECHEYOB, vPMSHYPE uFERBOPCHP, B 1-S KHDBTOBS BTNYS OBUFKHRBMB U AZB.

at 9 RP 15 BCHZKHUFB BOBMPZYUOBS PRETBGYS RPCHFPTYMBUSH. YuBUFY 6-K CHPDKHYOPK BTNYY HOYUFPTSBMY TSYCHHA UYMKH Y FEIOILH RTPFPYCHOILB ABOUT RPME VPS, OBOPUYMY KHDBTSH RP EZP VMYTSBKYN TEETCHBN Y RETERTBCHBN YETE TEKH mPCBFSH , THAN VPTSHVH U FTBOURPTFOPK BCHYBGYEK, VPNVIMY TSEME'OPDPTPTSOSCHE UFBOGYY Y BTPPDTPNSCH, RTYLTSCHCHBMY U ChP'DHIB UCHPY OBENOSHCHPKULB.

h YFPZE VSHMP DPUFYZOKHFP OELPFPTPPE RTPDCHYTSEOYE CHRETED, OP RETETEBFSH TBNKHYECHULIK LPTIDPT CHUE TSE OE HDBMPUSH.

fPZDB TEYMYMY RTPCHEUFY FTEFSHA PRETBGYA. 34-S BTNYS RPMKHYUMB ЪБДБУХ TBЪЗТПНИФШ МШУЛПЧУЛХА ЗТХРИТПЧЛХ RTPPFYCHOILB Y PCHMBDEFSH KHYBUFLPN TSEMEЪOPK DPTPZY MSCHYU-LPChP - LOECHYGSCH, YUFPVSH RP NB ZYUFTBMY chBMDBK - rPMB OMBBDYFSH UOBVTSEOYE 11-K Y 34-K BTNYK.

хФТПН 17 UEOFSVTS RPUME BTFYMMETYKULPK Y BCHYBGYPOOPK RPDZPFPCHLY REIPFB RPDOSMBUSH H BFBLH. h RETCHSCHK DEOSH POB OE DPVIMBUSH KHUREYB, ЪBFEN OENOPZP RTDPDCHYOKHMBUSH CHREDED, PDOBLP PUOPCHOKHA ЪBDBUKH PRSFSH OE CHSHRPMOYMB.

pZTPNOSCHE HUYMYS RTYMBZBMY BCHYBFPTSCH, YUFPVSH RPNPYUSH UCHPYN OBENOSCHN CHPKULBN CHAMPNBFSH OERTYSFEMSHULHA PVPPTPOKH. UBNPMEFSH VHLCHBMSHOP CHYUEMY OBD RPME VPS, HOYUFPTSBS TSYCHHA UYMKH Y PZOECHSHE FPULY RTPPHYCHOILB.

ъB CHTENS mShYULPCHULPK PRETBGYY VSHMP RTPY'CHEDEOP 7000 CHSHCHMEFPCH, VPMEE RPMPCHYOSCH YI OYI - RP CHTBTSEULIN CHPKULBN, DEKUFCHPCHBCHYYN OERPUTEDDUFCHEOOP ABOUT RPME UPS. OP BFBLY OBYEK REIPFSH Y FBOLPCH ЪBLBOYUYCHBMYUSH VEЪTEJHMSHFBFOP: tBNHYECHULIK LPTIDPT ZYFMETPCHGSH ЪBEYEBMY PFYUBSOOP.

VPMEE FPZP, ABOUT KHUBUFLE CHEMILPE UEMP - CHSLY RTPFPYCHOIL, UPUTEDPPFPYYCH ЪDEUSH PLPMP YEUFY REIPFOSCHI DYCHYYK, OBOEU 27 UEOFSVTS LPOFTKHDBT Y PFFEUOYM YUBUFY 1-KHDB TOPK BTNYY ABOUT 6-8 LYMPNEFTTPCH. EHH, FBLYN PVTBBPN, HDBMPUSH DBTSE TBUYYTYFSH LPTIDPT.

at 26 PLFSVTS RETEYMB L PVPTPPOE Y BYB 11-S BTNYS. ek RTYYMPUSH UDETSYCHBFSH OBFYUL CHTBZB CH OBRTBCHMEOYY ABOUT UFTEMSHGSCH. OP ЪDEUSH ZYFMETPCHGBN OE KHDBMPUSH DPVYFSHUS HUREYB. CHUE YI BFBLY ЪBIMEVSHCHBMYUSH. vPY OPUYMY PTSEUFPYUEOOOSCHK IBTBLFET LBL ABOUT ENME, FBL Y CH CHPDHIE.

YUEN PVASUOYFSH FPF ZhBLF, YuFP CH TSDE UMHYUBECH OBIY CHKULB FETREMY OEKHDBYUKH? rTYYUYO FHF OEULPMSHLP, OP, PUOPCHOBS, ABOUT NPK CHZMSD, ЪBLMAYUBMBUSH CH PFUHFUFCHY YUEFLPZP CHBYNPDEKUFCHYS NETSDH REIPFPK Y BTFYMMETYEK, NETSDH UNITED YUBUFSNY BCHYBGYEK.

URTBCHEDMYCHSCHES OBTELBOYS CHSCCHCHBMB Y OBENOBS TBCHEDLB. oELPFPTSCHE LPNBODYTSCH RPDYUBU OE OBMY FPYUOP, ZHE RTPPIPDYF MYOYS PVPTPPOSH RTPPHYCHOILB. rППФПНХ ХДБТШЧ BTFYMMETYY Y BCHYBGYY CH TSDE UMKHYUBECH RTYIPDYMYUSH RP RKHUFPNH NEUFH.

lPNBODOSHCH RHOLFSHCH VSHMY UMYILPN KHDBMEOSH PF RETEDOEZP LTBS. yYASOBNY UFTBDBMB Y PTZBOYBGYS UCHSY.

CHUE FY Y DTHZIE OEDPUFBFLY RPTSE VSHCHMY, TBHNEEFUS, KHUFTBOESCH. OP CH RETYPD, P LPFPTPN YDEF TEYUSH, SING UETSHEOP NEYBMY HUREYOPNH CHEDEOYA VPECHSHI DEKUFCHYK.

yЪ-RPD uFBMYOZTBDB L OBN RTYVSHCHM 436-K YUFTEVYFEMSHOSHCHK BCHYBRPML (RPJTSE ON UFBM 67-N ZCHBTDEKULIN), LPFPTSCHN LPNBODPCHBM RPDRPMLPCHOIL b. V. rBOPC. MEFYULY EZP HTSE YNEMY OENBMSHCHK VPECHPK PRSHCHF, CHPECHBMY CH OEVE MEOIOZTBDB, nPULCHSHCH, OBD chPMZPK. y ЪDEUSH, ABOUT UECHETP-ъBRBDOPN ZHTPOFE, SING UTBTSBMYUSH U CHTBZPN KHNEMP y PFChBTsOP.

h IPDE PYUETEDOPZP OBUFHRMEOYS LP NOE PF LPNBODYTB UFTEMLPCHPK DYCHYYY RPUFKHRYMB RTPUSHVB UTPYUOP RPDBCHYFSH DPMZPCHTENEOOOSCH PZOECHSH FPYUL RTPFYCHOILB, NEYBAEYE RTDPDCHYTSEOYA And HCHR. uCHSCHCHBAUSH RP FEMEZHPOKH U BYTPDTPNPN Y CHSHCHCHBA ZTHRRRH YFKHTNPCHYLPCH. sing RTYYMYH UPRTTPCHPTSDEOOY YUFTEVYFEMEK, LPFPTSCHNY LPNBODPCHBM UFBTYK MEKFEOBOF ch. V. rBOPCHB. OBD RETEDOYN LTBEN CH LFPF NPNEOF RPSCHYMPUSH CHPUENSH "NEUUETYNYFFPPCH". ъБЧСЪБМУС ЧПЪДХИОСЧК VPK. xNEMSCHNY BFBLBNY RBTB dPVTPCHPMSHULZP UVYMB DCHB CHTBTSEULYI UBNPMEFB. pDOPZP BY KHOYUFPTSYM UBN, DTHZPZP - EZP CHEDPNSHCHK.

OP CHPF NBYYOB dPVTPCHPMSHULZP CHDTHZ ЪBDSHNYMB, RPFPN CHURSHCHIOKHMB Y OBYUBMB TELP UOTSBFSHUS. chShchVTBUschChBFSHUS U RBTBIAFPN ABOUT FBLPK CHCHUPFE MEFUYLH VSHMP HCE RPJDOP. dB Y OBIPDIYMUS ON OBD FETTYFPTYEK, ЪBOSFPK RTPFPYCHOILPN: OERTENEOOOP RPRBM VSHCH MBRSCH CHTBZB. “lBL RPUFHRIF dPVTTPCHPMSHULIK?” - U FTECHPZPK RPDKHNBM S. y Ch LFPF NNEOF CH LHYTE RPUMSCHYBMUS EZP RTYZMKHYEOOOSCHK RPNNEIBNY ZPMPU:

RTPEBKFE, DTHЪSHS!

b YUETE OEULPMSHLP UELKHOD PICHBUEOOSCHK RMBNEOEN UBNPMEF CHTEBBMUS CH DPMZPCHTENEOOHA PZOECHHA FPYULH RTPFPYCHOILB, CH FH UBNHA, LPFPTBS OBYVPMEE NEYBMB RTPDCHYTSEOYA CHPKU L. l OEVH CHNEFOKHMUS ZHPOFBO ZHUFPZP DSCHNB Y PZOS, B PLTEUFOPUFSH UPFTSU NPEOSCHK CH: CHYDYNP, CH DPFE OBIPYMPUSH OENBMP VPERTYRBUPCH.

OBVMADBCHYE HFH LBTFYOH REIPFYOGSH DTHTSOP CHSHCHULPYUMY Y PLPRPCH Y U ZTPNLYNY LTYLBNY "HTB!" VTPUYMYUSH CHRED. sing RTEPDPMEMY PVPPTPOYFEMSHOSHCHK THVETS RTPPHYCHOILB. RKHFSH L RPVEDE GEOPK UCHPEK TSYYOY RTPMPTSYM YN UFBTYK MEKFEOBOF dPVTPCHPMSHULIK.

zETPK UPCHEFULLPZP UPAB UFBTYK MEKFEOBOF rBCHEM yechemech RETCHSHCHN CHUFKHRIM CH EDYOPVPTUFCHP U OPCHSHCHN ZHBIYUFULN UBNPMEFPN zhch-190. th UVYM EZP. ABOUT PVTBFOPN RHFY BY RPRBM RPD PVUFTEM CHTBTSEULYI JEOYFPL. pULPMLPN UOBTSDB EZP TBOYMP CH VEDTP. chTBY OBUFBYCHBMY PFRTBCHYFSH yECHEMECHB CH ZPURYFBMSH, OP ON LBFEZPTYUEULY PFLBBBMUS:

OE NPZH PUFBCHYFSH FPCHBTYEEK CH FBLPK FTHDOSHK NPNEOF.

MEFYUYLH PLBBBMY NEDYGYOULHA RPNPESH Y KHMPTSYMY EZP CH ENMSOLE. b YUETE OYULPMSHLP DOEK ON UOPCHB CHSHCHMEFEM ABOUT VPECHPE ЪBDBOYE.

OE TB PFMYUBMUS CH UICHBFLBI U CHTBZPN Y UFBTYK MEKFEOBOF OYLPMBK lHJOEGPCH. h PDYO YI NPTPOSHI SOCHBTULYI DOEK ON UP UCHPEK ZTHRRPK UPRTPCHPTsDBM YFKHTNPCHYLPCH. OBD RETEDOYN LTBEN YN RPCHUFTEYUBMYUSH CHTBTSEULYE YUFTEVYFEMY. UP CHURPNPZBFEMSHOPZP LPNBODOPZP RHOLFB NOE IPTPYP VSHMB CHYDOB LBTFYOB TBZPTECHYEZPUS CHP'DKHYOPZP VPS.

detlpk bfblpk lHЪOEGPCH UVYM YI CHEDHEEZP. OP, YUETE OEULPMSHLP NYOHF ZHBUYUFBN KHDBMPUSH RPDTSEYUSH NBYOKH CHEDPNPZP lHJOEGPCHB. MEFYUL CHSHCHVTPUYMUS U RBTBIAFPN Y RTYENMYMUS ABOUT UCHPEK FETTYFPTYY.

lPZDB lHЪOEGPCH PUFBMUS VEЪ RTYLTSHFYS, ABOUT OEZP OBUEMB RSFETLB "NEUUETPCH" Y PFUELMB PF PUOPCHOPK ZTKHRRSCH. hLMPOSSUSH PF BFBL, LPFPTSHCHE UMEDPCHBMY U TBOSCHI ORTTBCHMEOYK, BY Y UBN OPOPUYM KHDBTSHCH. CHULPTE ON CHPZOBM CH ЪENMA EEE PDOPZP ZYFMETPCHGB.

OP UYMSCH VSHCHMY OETTBCHOSCH. CHPF ЪBZPTEMUS Y EZP YUFTEVYFEMSH. lPE-LBL RETEFSOKHCH YUETE MYOYA ZHTPOFB, BY ULTSHMUS ZDE-FP ЪB MEUPN.

CHTSCHCHB WITH OE CHYDEM, OP CHUE TBCHOP PUEOSH CHPMOPCHBMUS. YuFP UFBMPUSH U lHЪОЭГПЧШН? l UYUBUFSA, BY VMBZPRPMHYuOP RPUBDYM ABOUT ЪBUOETSEOOPN VPMPFE ZPTSEKHA NBYOKH. OBIPDYCHYYEUS OERPDBMELH MSCHTSOIL CHSHCHFBEYMY EZP YЪ LBVIOSCH Y DPUFBCHYMY H ZPURYFBMSH.

CHUE NSCH, CH FPN YUYUME Y CHTBYUY, RPFPN KhDYCHMSMYUSH: LBL CE NPZ lHЪOEGPCH HRTBCHMSFSH UBNPMEFPN? MECHBS THLB X OEZP VSHMB RETEVIFB, CHYUEMB, LBL RMEFSH. yЪ TCHBOPK TBOSCH ABOUT ZTHDY IMEUFBMB LTPCHSH. PULPMPL UOBTSDB, RTPVYCH RBTFYKOSHCHK VYMEF, PUFBOPCHYMUS CH OEULPMSHLYI NYMMYNEFTBI PF UETDGB.

dPMZP RTPVShchM CH ZPURYFBME lHJOEGPCH. lPZDB TSE CHSHCHMEYUYMUS, UOPCHB CHETOHMUS CH UCHPA YUBUFSH Y RTDDPMTsBM UTBTSBFSHUS U ZHBUYUFBNY. chPKOKH ON ЪBLPOYUM CH VETMYOE, UVYCH 36 CHTBTSEULYI UBNPMEFPCH. h 1943 ZPDH ENKH RTYUCHPYMY ЪChBOYE ZETPS UPCHEFULPZP UPAЪB. ZEOETBM-NBKPT BCHYBGYY o. and. lХЪОЭГПЧ І РПОШЧOE RTDPMTSBEF UMHTSVKH CH LBDTBI chchu.

ABOUT UECHETP-ъBRBDOPN ZHTPOFE UTBTSBMYUSH NOPZYE YJCHEUFOSCH CHP'DKHYOSCH VPKGSCH. ъDEUSH RTPSCHYM VEURTYNETOPE NHTSEUFCHP bMELUEK nBTEUSHECH. rPD uFBTPC tKHUPK ZETPKULY RPZYV USCHO CHSHCHDBAEEZPUS RPMLPCHPDGB n. part. UPCHEFULPE RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHP RPUNETFOP RTYUCHPYMP ENKH ЪChBOYE ZETPS UPCHEFULPZP UPAB. Kommy Pfmiamus Vuuuuftbyshchk VPNVBTDIT RTMIFTBVPFOLPFOLPN BULBDTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTEMSHY POPAB VBFBMSHPOSHKOSHKOSHKOSHKOSHKSPht Ztyzptika FBTSOL. UMBCHH NBUFETB RP KHOYUFPTSEOYA NPUFPCH Y RETERTBCH U CHPDHIB RTYPVTEM LBRYFBO ZHEDPT OILYFPCHYU pTMPCH. DETAILED OBMEFBNY ABOUT CHTBCEULYE BTPPDTPNSCH RTPUMBCHYMUS LPNBODYT ЪCHOB ZETPK UPCHEFULLPZP UPAB LBRYFBO bMELUBODT OPUPCH. oENBMP CHTBTSEULYI VPNVBTDYTPCHEYLPCH HOYUFPTSYM CH VPSI CHPEOLPN ULBDTYMSHY UFBTYK RPMYFTHL MBBTSH yuBRUBIPCH.

h LPOGE 1942 ZPDB 11-S Y 1-S KHDBTOBS BTNYY RTPCHEMY EEE FTY OBUFKHRBFEMSHOSH PRETBGYY. GEMSH VSHMB RTETSOSSS: RETETEBFSH TBNKHYECHULIK LPTYDPT Y YPMYTPCHBFSH DENSOULKHA ZTHRRYTPCHLH ZHBUYUFPCH. bCHYBGYS, LBL CHUEZDB, RPDDETSYCHBMB REIPFKH, RPDBCHMSS TSYCHHA UYMKH Y PZOECHSCHE UTEDUFCHB RTPFPYCHOILB. PUPVEOOOP VPMSHYPE OBRTSCEOYE YURSHCHFSHCHBMY CH FE DOY YFKHTNPCHYLY. VPMSHYE BIPDHR! dPMSHYE OBIPJIFSHUS OBD GEMSHA! fPYUOOEE OBOPUIFSH HDBTSHCH! - CHPF RPD LBLYNY DECHYBNY SING DEKUFCHPCHBMY.

ch LFYI VPSI UOPCHB PFMYUYUMYUSH MEFUYIL 33-ZP ZChBTDEKULPZP YFKHTNPCHPZP BCHYBRPMLB PE ZMBCHE UP UCHPYN LPNBOYTPN NBKPTPN chBUYMSHECHSHCHN.

h PDYO YJ DOEK ABOUT ЪBDBOYE CHSHCHMEFEMB ZTHRRRB RPD LPNBODPCHBOYEN ZETPS UPCHEFULLPZP uPAЪB LBRYFBOB REFTB nBFCHEECHYUB nBTAFYOB. bFBLHS U NBMSCHCHCHUPF, EZP MEFUYULY HOYUFPTSYMYY RPDBCHYMY OULPMSHLP PZOECHSHI FPYUEL. ъBFEN SING OBYUBMY OERTETSCHOP PVUFTEMYCHBFSH PLPRSH Y FTBOOY RTPFPYCHOILB. chPURPMSHЪPCHBCHYUSH LFYN, OBYB REIPFB RPDOSMBUSH CH BFBLKH Y PCHMBDEMB RETCHSHCHN THVETSPN OERTYSFEMSHULPK PVPTPPOSH.

pV KHNEMSCHI DEKUFCHYSI MEFYULLPCH ZTKHRRSCH LBRYFBOB nBTAFYOB ABOUT UMEDHAYK TSE DEOSH TBUULBBBMB BTNEKULBS ZBJEFB. p NBUFETUFCHE YFKHTNPCHYLPCH ZCHPTYMY O RBTFYKOSH UPVTBBOYSI Y MEFOP-FBLFYUEULYI LPOZHETEOGYSI. yI UNEMPUFSH UFBCHYMBUSH CH RTYNET, B PRSHCHF PVPVEBMUS Y TBURPTPUFTBOSMUS CH DTHZYI YUBUFSI.

r. O. nBTAFYO PUPVEOOOP PFMYYUMUS CH VPSI RPD uFBTPC tHUUPK. UEKYUB BY SCHMSEFUS RPYUEFOSHN ZTBTSDBOYOPN LFPP ZPTPDB.

chSHCHUPLHA CHSHCHHYULH, TSEME'OKHA CHPMA Y PFCHBZH CH 33-N ZCHBTDEKULPN YFKHTNPCHPN BCHYBGYPOOPN RPMLKH RTPSCHYMY NOPZYE MEFUILY. TSDPN U nBTAFYOSCHN NPTsOP UNEMP RPUFBCHYFSH zETPECH UPCHEFULZP UPAЪB b. b. oUPCHB Y h. h. chBUYMSHYUYLPCHB, YFKHTNPCHYLPCH lBMYOYOB, NYCHYOETBDJE, VSHUFTPCHB, ZHEDPTPCHB, bMELUBODTPCHB, ZPMUPCHB Y DTHZYI.

yULMAYUYFEMSHOPE NHTSEUFCHP Y UBNPPVVMBDBOYE RTPSCHYM RTY CHSHRPMOEOYY VPECHPZP ЪBDBOYS ZCHBTDYY LBRYFBO OYLPMBK REFTPCH. BY MEFBM ABOUT YFKHTNPCHLH U FTENS NMPPDSHNY, EEE OE PVUFTEMSOOSCHNY MEFUYILBNY- MYCHBOPCHSHCHN, FBTBUPCCHN Y UYOALBECHSHCHN.

rTY RPDIPDE L GEMY ZTHRRRB YFKHTNPCHYLPCH Y UPRTPCHPTsDBCHYE YI YUFTEVYFEMY RPRBMY RPD PVUFTEM CHTBTSEULYI ЪОИФПЛ. pF RTSNPZP RPRBDBOYS UOBTSDB UBNPMEF rEFTPCHB ЪBZPTEMUS.

YuFP DEMBFS? - CHUFBM RETED CHEDHANE CHPRTPU. EUMY ON RPCHETOEF PVTBFOP, FP Y OPCHYULY RPUMEDHAF EZP RTYNETH. ъBDBOYE PUFBOEFUS OECHSCHRPMOEEOOCHN. “OEF, OBDP DETSBFSHUS DP RPUMEDOEK CHPNPTSOPUFY”, - TEYM REFTCH, IPFS DSHN Y ZBTSH, RTPOILYE CH LBVIOH, HCE RETEICHBFSHCHBMY ENKH DSCHIBOIE.

CHRETEDY RPLBBMYUSH BTFYMMETYKULYE RPYYGYY RTPFPYCHOILB. iPTPYP CHYDOSCH PTHDYS Y NEYUHEYEUS PLPMP OYI ZHBIYUFSHCH. oEVPMSHYPK DPChPTTPF, Y LBRYFBO OBTSYNBEF RBMSHGEN LOPRLH VPNVPUVTBUSHCHBFEMS. WHY CHSTBUFBAF ZHPOFBOSH CHTSHCHCHPCH.YI UFBOPCHYFUS CHUE VPMSHYE. bFP, RP RTYNETKH CHEDHEEZP, UVTPUYMY VPNVSH NPMPDSHCHE MEFUYULY. chTBCEULBS VBFBTES FPOEF CH DSHCHNH Y RMBNEOY.

rEFTPCH TBCHPTBUYCHBEF NBYOKH ABOUT PVTBFOSHK LHTU. oEPTSYDBOOP NPFPT OBUYOBEF DBCHBFSH RETEVPY, RPFPN KHNPMLBEF UPCHUEN. rPMPZP RMBOYTHS, UBNPMEF ЪBDECHBEF UOBYUBMB OBLBF OENEGLLPZP VMYODBTSB, ЪBFEN RTPChPMPYUOPE ЪBZTBTSDEOOYE ABOUT LBLPE-FP CHTENS, UMPCHOP CH ULBYLE, PTSYCHBEF. ъBFBTBIFECHYK NPFPT UOPCHB RPDOINBEF EZP OBD ENMEK. rTPMEFECH EEE OELPFPTPPE TBUUFPSOYE, ZPTSEIK YFKHTNPCHYL OBLPOEG RBDBEF. OP, L UYUBUFSH, LBRYFBO REFTPCH Y CHPDHYOSCHK UFTEMPL UFBTYK UETZBOF chYOPZTBDPCH KHURECHBAF CHSHCHULPYYFSH YY UCHPYI LBVYO. pVNHODYTPCHBOYE ABOUT OYI ZPTEMP.

ъB "RTSHTCLBNY" YFKHTNPCHYLB UCHETIKH OBVMADBMY NPMPDSHCHE MEFUYIL. pDOBLP RPNPYUSH LPNBODYTH OYUEN OE NPZMY. CHETOHCHYYUSH ABOUT BTPDTPN, SING DPMPTSYMY PVP CHUEN, YUFP CHYDEMY, KHLBYBMY NEUFP RTYENMEOYS ZPTSEEZP UBNPMEFB. FHDB OENEDMEOOOP CHCHEIBMB RPYULPCHBS ZTHRRB, OP ABOUT CHSTTSSEOOPN KHYBUFLE POB PVOBTHTSYMB MYYSH PUFBFLY ICHPUFPCHPZP PRETEOYS “YMB”.

b WHERE IS THE ELIRBC? OEHTSEMY UZPTEM?

YK, MEPHHOSH, YDYFE WADB! - RPUMSCHYBMUS YUEK-FP ZPMPU U PRKHYLY MEUB.

hCHYDECH CHDBMY YUEMPCHELB, TBNBIYCHBAEEZP OBD ZPMPCHPK RYMPFLPK, VPKGSH RPYULPCHPK LPNBODSCH OBRTBCHYMYUSH L OENKH. rPDYAETTSBAF Y ZMBJBN UCHPYN OE CHTSF: REFTPCH Y ChYOPZTBDPCH UYDSF RPD DETECHPN Y UNBUYCHBAF LBLYN-FP TBUFChPTTPN PVZPTECHYE THLY; ABOUT ЪBLPRYOOOSCHI MYGBI CHYDOSCH LTPCHPRPDFELY.

lPZDB rEFTPCHB Y chYOPZTBDPCHB DPUFBCHYMY H YUBUFSH, CHTBYU OENEDMEOOOP PUNPFTEM YI.

Y LBL SING PUFBMYUSH CYCHSHCHNY - KHNB OE RTYMPTSKH, - ULBBM PO, RPLBYUBCH ZPMPCHPK.

NSH FPCE OENBMP KhDYCHMSMYUSH OEPVSHLOPCHEOOOPK TSYCHHYUEUFY NBYOSCH, KHOOBCH P UMHYYCHYENUS. OP RPTBTSBMY OE UFPMSHLP TSYCHHYUEUFSH UBNPMEFB, ULPMSHLP NHTSEUFCHP Y UBNPPVMBDBOYE MEFUILB. h UBNPN DEME: DP RPUMEDOEK CHPNPTSOPUFY KHRTBCHMSFSH ZPTSEEK NBYOPK, LPFPTBS L FPNKH TSE DCHBTDSCH OBFPMLOHMBUSH ABOUT RTERSFUFCHYS, FPMSHLP YuEMPCHEL U TSEMEOSHCHNY OETCHBNY refinery.

rTYYUYOH UFTBOOPZP RPCHEDEOYS YFKHTNPCHYLB YOTSEOETSH RPFPN PVASUOYMY RTYNETOP FBL. OE UPCHUEN YURTBCHOSCHN PLBBBMUS VEOЪPRTPCHPD. yЪ-ЪB LFPPZP RPUFHRMEOYE ZPTAYUEZP ABOUT LBLPE-FP CHTENS RTELTBEBMPUSH, B RTY LBUBFEMSHOPN UFPMLOPCHEY NBYOSCH U ENMEK POP UOPCHB OBYUBMP RPUFHRBFSH CH NPFPT.

lBRYFBO rEFTPCH VSHM OZTBTSDEO PTDEOPN lTBUOPZP OBNEOY. with MYUOP CHTHYUM ENKH OBZTBDH RETED UFTPEN PDOPRPMYUBO. MEFYUIL L LFPNH CHTENEY HCE OENOPZP RPRTBCHYMUS, OP THLY EZP EEE PUFBCHBMYUSH ЪBVIOFPCHBOOSCHNY.

lPZDB NSCH U RPMLPCHOILPN CHCHCHPMPLYOSCHN CHPCHTBFYMYUSH L UEVE, OBYUBMSHOIL YFBVB TBUULBJBM OBN P OPCHPN, OE NEOEE YOFETEUOPN Y RPHYUYFEMSHOPN UMHYUBE. bFPF ZBLF DPMZP RPFPN UMHTSYM RTEDNEFPN KhDYCHMEOYS Y CHPUIEEOOYS.

PE CHTENS OBMEFB ABOUT KHLTERMEOOOSCHK RHOLF RTPFPYCHOILB PULPMPL ЪООФОПЗП UOBTSDB FSTSEMP TBOYM LPNBODITB VPNVBTDYTPCHPYUOPZP LYRBTSB UFBTYEZP MEKFEOBOFB oyLPMBS chPTPTsGPCHB . MEFYUIL RPFETSM FUCKING. oEKHRTBCHMSENSHK UBNPMEF UTBKH PRKHUFYM OPU Y OBYUBM UOTSBFSHUS. rPUHCHUFChPCHBCH OEMBDOPE, YFKHTNBO NMBDYK MEKFEOBOF OYLPMBK LB-OYEECH PVETOKHMUS, Y EZP PICHBFYM UFTBI: MYGP MEFUYLB VSHMP VEMSHN, LBL NEM, ZMBЪB ЪBLTSCHFSHCH, BS THLB VETSYJOOOOOP CHYUEMB. ULPTEE YOUFYOLFYCHOP, YUEN UP'OBFEMSHOP, YFKHTNBO UPTCHBMUS UP UCHPEZP NEUFB Y, KHDBTYCHYYUSH PVP YuFP-FP ZPMPCHPK, PLBUBMUS RPBDY UIDEOSHS LPNBODYTB LPTBVMS.

YuFP DEMBFS? rYMPFYTPCHBFSH UBNPMEF ON OENOPZP KHNEM. RTETSOYK MEFUYL MEKFEOBOF fPLNBTECH YOPZDB TBTEYBM ENH CH CHPDDHIE RPDETTSBFSHUS ЪB YFHTCHBM, DBTSE RPЪCHPMSM CHSHPRPMOSFSH OEUMPTSOSHCHE CHPMAGYY. OP CHEDSH LFPZP NBMP. b RPUBDLB?

ABOUT MVH YFKHTNBOB CHSHCHUFKHRIM IMPPDOSCHK RPF. h LFPF NPNEOF RP UETDGH RPMPUOOKHM YURKHZBOOSCHK CHP'ZMBU UFTEMLB-TBDYUFB UFBTYEZP UETSBOFB b. lHЪPCHLYOB:

LPNBODYT, VBLY RTPVYFSHCH, NEOS ЪBMYCHBEF VEOYOPN...

oYUEZP OE PFCHEFIM ENKH lBOEECH. ON NHYUIFEMSHOP DKHNBM, LBL CHSHTPCHOSFSH NBYOKH, RPLB POB OE UCHBMYMBUSH CH RYLE. fPZDB HCE OE YVETSBFSH ZYVEMY. h ZPMPCHE NEMSHLOHMB URBUIFEMSHOBS NSHUMSH. RETEZOKHCHYUSH YUETE URYOLKH LTEUMB, BY MECHPK THLPK KHICHBFYM YFKHTCHBM, CHSHTPCHOSM UBNPMEF, B ЪBFEN RTBCHPK DPFSOKHMUS DP REDBMEC. hRTBCHMSS FBL VPNVBTDYTPCHEYLPN, YFKHTNBO CHULPTE RTPVIM PVMBLB Y KHCHYDEM YENMA.

EH OE TB RTYIPDYMPUSH MEFBFSH OBD LFYN TBKPOPN, Y PO RP IBTBLFETOSHCHN PTYEOFYTBN, LPFPTSCHE OBBM ABOUT RBNSFSH, VSHUFTP CHPUUFBOPCHYM PTYEOFYTPCHLH.

chPF CHDBMY RPLBBBMUS BTPPDTPN. lBOEECH RTELTBUOP UPJOBCHBM, LBL NBMP X OEZP OBDETSD ABOUT VMBZPRPMHYUOPE RTYENMEOYE, YI RPYUFY OEF. CHEDSH DBTSE DMS PRSCHFOPZP MEFYUILB RPUBDLB LBCDSCHK TB RTEDUFBCHMSEF OEMEZLHA ЪBDBUH. rPFPNH BY LTYLOKHM lHIPCHLYOH:

ULPTEC CHSHCHVTBUSHCHBKUS U RBTBIAFPN!

PFCHEFB OE RPUMEDPCHBMP. YuFPVSH IPFSh Oenopzp Khlaush LPNBODITB PF HDBTB, lobby on oEULPMSHLP Ulkhod Puchpvpdime RTBCHH IM RBTBIAFB RPDFSOHM FEMPTPCGPCHB L URYOOLELE UIDEOSHS. fPF ЪBUFPOBM PF VPMY Y PFLTSCHM ZMBЪB.

LPNBODIT, UBDYNUS, - LTYLOHM ENKH CH HIP lBOYEECH. - rPNPZY KHVTBFSH ZBY CHSHLMAYUYFSH NPFPTSH.

OP chPTPTsGPC UOPCHB CHRBM CH ЪBVSHCHFSHE Y KhTPOM ZPMPCHH ABOUT ZTHDSH. MECHBS THLB EZP METSBMB ABOUT UELFPTE HRTBCHMEOYS ZBBPN. fPZDB YFKHTNBO FPMLOKHM EZP THLH, ULPTPUFSH KHNEOSHYMBUSH, OP OE DP FBLPC, LBLBS OEPVIPDYNB DMS OPTNBMSHOPK RPUBDLY. hSHCHRKHUFYFSH YBUUY lBOEECH OE refinery, RPULPMSHLH OE OBBM, LBL LFP DEMBEFUS.

UBNPMEF, KHZPDYCH ABOUT BUOOETSEOOPE RPME, YUYTLOKHM RP VEMPNKH OBUFKH, RPDRTSCHZOKHM Y UOPCHB RPRPMЪ, PUFBCHMSS ZMHVPLHA VPTPBDKH. rPFETCH ULPTPUFSH, BY UCHBMYMUS, OBLPOEG ABOUT LTSHMP. l OENH VTPUYMYUSH CHUE, LFP OBIPDIYMUS RPVMYPUFY.

TBVYCH PUFELMEOYE LBVIOSCH, BCHYBFPTSCH VSHUFTP CHSHFBEYMY YOEE MEFUYLB Y YFKHTNBOB. chTBU FHF CE PLBBM YN PVPYN NEDYGYOULHA RPNPESH.

RETCHSHCHN RTYYYEM CH UPOBOIE OYLPMBK lBOYEECH.

WHERE IS LHIPCHLYO? - URTPUM PO.

OE CHPMOHKUS, TSYCH FChPK UFTEMPL-TBDYUF, - KHURPLPYMY EZP. rTBCHDB, ENKH OE ULBUBMY, YuFP lHЪPCHLYOB CHSHCHFBEYMY YЪ LBVYOSCH CH VEUUPOBFEMSHOPN UPUFPSOYY, U RPUYOECHYN MYGPN. OBDSHCHYBCHYUSH RBTPCH VEOYOB, BY OE UTBJH RTYYEM CH YUKHCHUFCHP.

h 1942 ZPDH ABOUT UECHETP-'BRBDOPN ZHTPOFE CHTBZ RP-RTETSOENKH YNEM VPMSHYPE RTECHPUIPDUFCHP CH BCHYBGYY. PUEOSHA, LPZDB ON RETEYEM CH OBUFHRMEOYE, YUFPVSH TBUYYTYFSH TB-NKHYECHULIK LPTIDPT, EZP VPNVBTDYTPCHEYLY, OBMEFBS VPMSHYYYNY ZTHRRRBNY, VHLCHBMSHOP CHYUEMY OBD VPECHSHCHNY R PTSDLBNY 1-K KHDBTOPK BTNYY. PLBBBFSH YN ULPMSHLP-OYVKhDSH UETSHEYOPE RTPFPYCHPDEKUFCHYE NSHCHOE NPZMY. noPZYE OBOY RPMLY VSHMY CHPPTHTSEOSH BOZMYKULYNY “IBTTYLEKOBNY”, BNETYLBOWLYNY “LYFFYIBHLBNY” Y “FPNBZBCHLBNY”. fY UBNPMEFSH RP UCHPYN LBUEUFCHBN UYMSHOP KHUFHRBMY OENEGLINE. dB Y CHPYFSHUS U OYNY RTYIPDIMPUSH OENBMP. PUPVEOOOP DPUBTsDBMB OEICHBFLB ЪBRBUOSCHI YUBUFEK.

yЪ YOPUFTBOOSCHY YUFTEVYFEMEK MKHYUYN UYFBMUS “BTPLPVTTB”. OP Y ON UFTBDBM UETSHESHEOSCHN OEDPUFBFLPN - UMBVPE CHPPTHTSEOYE. rTYYMPUSH UFBCHYFSH ABOUT OEZP OBIY RKHYLY. lTPNE FPZP, ABOUT "BTPLPVTBI" CHULPTE CHSCCHYMUS Y DTHZPK RPTPL - ITHRLPUFSH ICHPUFPCHPZP PRETEOYS. oELPPTDYOTPCHBOOSCHNY DCHYTSEOYSNY THMEK NPMPDSHCHE MEFUYIL VSHCHUFTP CHCHCHPDYMY EZP YY UFTPS.

ZPTE, B OE UBNPMEF, - THZBMYUSH MEFUYULY. yuete nPULCHH UCHSBMYUSH U RTEDUFBCHYFEMSNY ZHITNSCH, RPUFBCHMSCHYEK RP MEOD-MYYH BCHYBGYPOOKHA FEIOILH.

OE NPTSEF VSHFSH, - KhDYCHYMYUSH BNETYLBOGSH. - nBIYOB OBDETSOBS.

fPZDB LPNBODYTPCHBMY Ch uyb MEFYUILB-YURSHCHFBFEMS ohy chchu YOTSEOOETB lPYUEFLPCHB. h RTYUHFUFCHYY IPSECH Y UREGYBMYUFPCH (RPchedeoye UBNPMEFB CH CHPDHIE lPYUEFLPCH LPNNEOFYTPCHBM RP TBDYP) UPCHEFULYK MEFUYL OELPPTDYOTPCHBOOSCHNY DEKUFCHYSNY OBYUYUFP UMPNBM "BTPLPVTH" Y CHSHVTPUYMUS U RBTBIAFPN.

bNETYLBOGBN OYUEZP OE PUFBCHBMPUSH, LBL UPZMBUIFSHUS U BLMAYUEOYEN UPCHEFULYI BCHYBGYPOOSCHI UREGYBMYUFPCH. ICHPUFPCHBS YBUFSH UBNPMEFB RPFPN VSHMB KHUYMEOB, Y ON UFBM OBDETSOEEE.

oEICHBFLB PFEYUEUFCHEOOSHI YUFTEVYFEMEK, OUEUPCHETYOUFChP YOPUFTBOOPK FEIOIL RPTPDYMY X OELPFPTK YUBUFY MEFUYLPCH OECHETYE CH UCHPY UYMSCH. Sing OBYUBMY RTDETTSYCHBFSHUS PVPTPPOYFEMSHOPK FBLFYLY. UTEDY MEFYUYLPCH-YFKHTNPCHYLPCH OBYUBMYUSH TBZPCHPTSH, YuFP yM-2 OE NPTSEF CHSHPRMOSFSH VPECHSHCHE BDBOYS VE UYMSHOPZP RTYLTSHFYS, YuFP CH CHP'DKHYOPN VPA ON SLPVSH NPEEO.

OHTsOP VSHMP RPCHEUFY TEYYFEMSHOHA VPTSHVH U LFYNY PRBUOSCHNY OBUFTPEOSNY, PVASUOYFSH RTYYUYOSCH OBUYI OEKHDBYU, CHETOHFSH MADSN CHETKH CH UCHPY UYMSCH.

lPNBODPCHBOYE, RPMYFPTZBOSHCH, RBTFYKOSHCHE Y LPNUPNPMSHULYE PTZBOYBGYY BTNYY KHUIMYMY CHPURYFBFEMSHOHA TBVPFH. yYTPL TBCHETOHMBUSH RTPRBZBODB PRSHCHFB MKHYUYI NBUFETPCH CHP'DKHYOPZP VPS, YFKHTNPCHPL, VPNVPNEFBOYS. h GEOFT CHAINBOYS VSHMB RPUFBCHMEOB OBUFKHRBFEMSHOBS FBLFYLB.

lPNBODHAYK CHPDHYOPK BTNYEK MYUOP ЪBOSMUS TBTBVPFLPK RTYENPCH VPTSHVSH YFKHTNPCHYLB U YUFTEVYFEMSNY RTPFYCHOILB, UPUFBCHYM TSD RBNSFPL MEFUYILH. dMS OBU CH FP CHTENS LFB RTPVMENB VSHMB PDOPK YЪ ZMBCHOSCHI, FBL LBL "YMSCH" OE CHUEZDB NPZMY TBUUUYFSHCHBFSH ABOUT URPTPCHPTSDEOOYE YUFTEVYFEMEK. ЪOBYUIF, YN FTEVPCHBMPUSH KHNEOYE ЪBEEBFSHUS UBNYN, CHSHRPMOSFSH ЪBDBOYS VEЪ RTYLTSCHFYS. CHNEUFE U ZEOETBMPN lPODTBFALPN NSCHCHCHCHETSBMY CH YUBUFY, TBUULBYSHCHBMY MEFYUYILBN-YFKHTNPCHYLBN P OEYURPMSHЪPCHBOOSHI CHPNPTsOPUFSI LFPPZP KhDYCHYFEMSHOPZP NOPZPGEMECHPZP UBNPMEFB, KHUFTBYCHBMY RPLBOBOSCH CHP'DKHYOSCH VPY YFKHTNPCHYLB U YUFTEVYFEMSNY.

CHOBYUBME LPE-LFP PFOEUUS U OEDPCHETYEN L OBYEK ЪBFEEE. th OE VEJ PUOPCHBOYK. h RTBLFYLE VSHMP OENBMP UMHYUBECH, LPZDB YFKHTNPCHYLY, PFVYCHBSUSH PF CHTBTSEULYI YUFTEVYFEMEK, OE OBOPUYMY YN OILBLPZP KHTPOB. yI RTPUFP-OBRTPUFP RPDCHPDYMB RTYCHSHCHYULB UFTEMSFSH RP RMPEBDSN, VE FEBFEMSHOPZP RTYGEMYCHBOYS. chPF Y FTEVPCHBMPUSH TBYASUOYFSH LFP MADSN, RTPCHEUFY U OYNY UPPFCHEFUFCHHAEHA RPDZPFPCHLH.

dMS OBYUBMB YFKHTNPCHYLY UFBMY HYUIFSHUS HOYUFPTSBFSH FYIPIPDOSH FTBOURPTFOSH UBNPMEFSHCH CHTBZB. TEKHMSHFBF RTECHIPYEM CHUE PCYDBOYS. NOPZYE MEFUILY, DBTSE OE DHNBS PV PIPF, LBL VSC RPRHFOP, UVYCHBMY CH DEOSH RP DCHB Y VPMEE FTBOURPTFOILB.

lFP CHPPDHYECHYMP MEFOSHCHK UPUFBC. FERETSH YN HCE LBBBMPUSH UFTBOOSCHN KHLMPOSFSHUS PF EDYOPVPTUFCHB U RTPFYCHOILPN CH CHPDKHIYE.

RETCHSHCHNY TYULOHMY CHUFKHRYFSH CH VPK U CHTBTSEULINY YUFTEVYFEMSNY ZETPK UPCHEFULLPZP UPAB UFBTYK UETSBOF h.s. tSVPYBRLB Y zBCHTIMPCH.

chBUYMYK tSVPYBRLB, ЪBNSHCHLBS PDOBTDSCH ZTKHRRKH YFKHTNPCHYLPCH, RPDCHETZUS BFBLE NE-110. CHSHCHRKHUFYCH RP "YMH" PUETEDSH UOBTSDPCH, FPF RTPULPYUM CHREDEDY UBN UFBM IPTPYEK NYYEOSH. MEFYUYL-YFKHTNPCHYL OENEDMEOOOP CHPURPMSHЪPCHBMUS RTPNBIPN ZHBUYUFB Y PFLTSCHM RP OENH RTYGEMSHOSHCHK PZPOSH. chTBTSEULYK UBNPMEF ЪBZPTEMUS Y CHTEЪBMUS CH ЪENMA.

rPUME LFPC HDBYU tSVPYBRLB UBN UFBM ORTBIYCHBFSHUS CH ЪBNSCHLBAEYE, OBBS, LBL RBDLY CHTBTSEULYE MEFUYULY DP UBNPMEFPCH, YDHEYI CH ICHPUFE ZTHRRSHCH. ъB LPTPFLYK UTPL PO UVYM YUEFSHTE YUFTEVYFEMS RTPFYCHOILB.

p UFBTYEN UETSBOFE tSVPYBRLE CH BTNYY IPDYMY MESEODCH. oP S TBUULBTSH P UMHYUBE, PFTBTTSEOOPN CH DPLHNEOFBI. rTY CHSHCHRPMOEYY VPECHPZP ЪBDBOYS MEFUYL VSHM FSTSEMP TBOEO. rTBCHBS THLB RPCHYUMB RMEFSHHA. th CHUE-FBLY YFKHTNPCHYL UKHNEM RTYCHEUFY UBNPMEF ABOUT UCHPK BHTPDTPN. UPCHETYYCH RPUBDLH, BY UTBH CE RPFETSM UPOBOE. fPZDB CHTBYUY URBUMY TSYOSH ITBVTEGKH.

at MEFYULLPN zBCHTYMPCHSHCHN RTPYIPYEM FBLPK UMHYUBK. ABOUT FTPKLH "YMPCH", CHPCHTBEBCHYIUS U BDBOYS VEЪ RTYLTSCHFYS, OBRBMY DCHB NE-109. pDYO YFKHTNPCHYL YN HDBMPUSH UVYFSH, DTHZPK KHUREM HKFY. zBCHTYMPCH, PUFBCHYUSH PDYO, UNEMP RTYOSM OETBCHOSCHK VPK. dTBMUS ON NBUFETULY. tBUUFTEMSCH CHEUSH VPELPNRMELF, CHTBTSEULYE YUFTEVYFEMY CHSCHOKHTDSDEOSCH VSHMY HKFY OE UPMPOP IMEVBCHYY.

chPЪDKHYOSCHE VPY, RTPchedEDEOOSCH TSVPYBRLPK, zBCHTIMPCHSHCHN Y DTKHZYNY MEFYYILBNY, RPLBYLBMY: EUMY "YMPN" KHRTBCHMSEF KHNEMSCHK Y NHTSEUFCHEOOSCHK VPEG, ENKH YUFTEVYFEMSH OE UFTBYEO.

vShchM UMHYUBK, LPZDB DMS PFTBTSEOYS OBMEFB CHTBTSEULYI VPNVBTDYTPCHEYLPCH NSCH OBRTBCHYMY YUEFSHTE YFKHTNPCHYLB Y YuEFSHTE YUFTEVYFEMS. “yMSCH” BFBLPCBMMY RETCHSHNY. CHEDHAKE ZTHRRSH LPNBODYT 74-ZP YFKHTNPCHPZP BCHYBRPMLB NBKPT r. b. UBCHYUEOLP U IPDH DBM NEFLHA PYUETEDSH RP "AOLETUKH" Y RPDTSES EZP. b NYOHF YUETE DEUSFSH EEE FTY UBNPMEFB RTPPFYCHOILB KHRBMY ABOUT YENMA. dCHB YI OYI UVYM UBCHYUEOLP, PDYO MEKFEOBOF NYIBYM NYCHYOETBDYE. UPCHEFULYE YFKHTNPCHYLY VMBZPRPMHYuOP CHETOHMYUSH DPNPC. nsch RPFETSMY MYYSH PDOPZP YUFTEVYFEMS.

MEFPN Y PUEOSH 1942 ZPDB, CH RETIPD OBYVPMEE PTSEUFPYUEOSCHI VPECH TBNKHYECHULIK LPTIDPT, NSCH CHUE YUBEE UFBMY RTYNEOSFSH YFKHTNPCHYLPCH DMS VPTSHVSHCHU CHPUDKHYOSCHN RTPPHYCHOILPN. ъB CHFPTHA RPMPCHYOH LFPZP ZPDB LYRBTSY “YMPCH”, CHSHRPMOSS UCHPY PUOPCHOSHE ЪBDBUY, “RPRHFOP” UVYMY 44 CHTBTSEULYI UBNPMEFB.

vPECHSHCHE, PUPVEOOOP PVPPTPOYFEMSHOSHCHE, CHPNPTSOPUFY UBNPMEFB-YFKHTNPCHYLB OBYUYFEMSHOP CHPTPUMY, LPZDB ABOUT OEN PVPTHDPCHBMY CHFPTHA LBVIOH. h NPDYZHYLBGYY “YMB” BLFYCHOPE HYUBUFYE RTYOSM ZMBCHOSCHK YOTSEOET 6 bw h.o. lPVMYLPCH.

ChPF YuFP RYUBM 9 UEOFSVTS 1942 ZPDB OBYUBMSHOIL PFDEMB hRTBCHMEOYS PRSCHFOPZP UFTPYFEMSHUFCHB chchu lTBUOPK BTNYY LPNBODHAEENKH 6-K ChPЪDKHYOPK BTNYY LPNBODYTH 243- K YFKHTNPCHPK BCHYBDYCHYYY RPDRPMLPCHOILH y. Part DEMSHOPCHKH, LPFPTSCHK RETCHSHCHN KH OBU CHSHCHULBBM IDEA KHUFBOPCHLY ABOUT YFKHTNPCHYLE CHFPTPK LBVIOSCH:

«h FEYUEOOYE 7-8 UEOFSVTS UEZP ZPDB ABOUT GEOFTBMSHOPN BTPPDTPNE YNEOY n. part zhTHOYE VSHM PUNPFTEO RTEDUFBCHMEOOOSCHK CHBNY UBNPMEF yM-2 U DPRPMOYFEMSHOPK ЪBDOEK PZOECHPK FPYULPK RPD RKHMENEF ylbu LBMYVTB 7.62 NN. PUNPFT RTPYCHPDYMY: ЪBNEUFYFEMSH LPNBODHAEEZP chchu lTBUOPK bTNYY RP YOTSEOETOP-BCHYBGYPOOPK UMKHTSVE ZEOETBM-MEKFEOBOF YOTSEOETOP-BCHYBGYPOOPK UMKHTSVSH b. l. TERYO, PF glr(V) VTYZBDOSCHK LPNYUUBT o. u. yYNBOPCH, ЪBNEUFFYFEMY OBTLPNB BCHYBGYPOOPK RTPNSCHYMEOOPUFY b. u. sLPCHMECH Y r. h. DENEOFSHECH, ZMBCHOSCHK LPOUFTKHLFPT UBNPMEFB y. part yMSHAYO Y DTHZIE RTEDUFBCHYFEMY chchu lTBUOPK bTNYY Y BCHYBGYPOOPK RTPNSCHYMEOOPUFY.

CHUE RTYUKHFUFCHHAEYE PGEOYMY YOYGYBFYCHH 243-K YFKHTNPCHPK BCHYBDYCHYYY RP KHUFBOPCHLE PZOECHPK FPYULY YUYFBAF CHPNPTSOSCHN UBNPMEFSCH YM-2, OBIPDSEYEUS CH YUBUFSI, PVPTHDPCHBFSH KHUFBOPCHLPK. lPOUFTHLFPTULPNH VATP FPCH. yMSHAYOB RPUFBCHMEOB ЪБДББУБ - ХУЕУФШ ПРШЧФ ХБИОК ДИCNYYYY TBTBVPFBFSH VPMEE KHUPCHETYEOUFCHPCHBOOHA ЪBDОАА LBVYOKH.”

CHULPTE CHUE UBNPMEFSCH YM-2 UFBMY CHSHCHRKHULBFSHUS UP CHFPTPK LBVYOPK, CH LPFPTPK KHUFBOBCHMYCHBMUS LTHROPLBMYVETOSHCHK RKHMENEF. nOPZP UPFEO CHTBTSEULYI UBNPMEFPCH UVYMY RPFPN CHPDHYOSCHE UFTEMLY. vPMEE HCHETEOOP UFBMY DEKUFCHPCHBFSH OBD RPME VPS Y MEFYUILY, RPULPMSHLH UBDOSS RPMKHUZHETB VSHMB FERTSH OBDETSOP ЪBEEEOB. еUMY TBOSHYE YUFTEVYFEMY RTPFPYCHOILB VEЪVPSЪOOOP RPDIPDYMY L YFHTNPCHYLH ABOUT 50-100 NEFTPPCH, FP UEKYBU CHCHOCHTSDEOSCH VSHMY KHCHEMYUYFSH DYUFBOGYA PFLTSCHFYS PZOS DP 600 -800 NEFTCH. chPRTPU P RTYLTSCHFY "YMPCH" UFBM NEOEE PUFTSHN.

ABOUT OBYEN ZhTPOFE UTBTSBMBUSH VPMSHYBS ZTHRRB PRSCHFOSCHI OENEGLYI MEFYUYLPCH-YUFTEVYFEMEK, CHPPTHTSEOOSCHI UBNPMEFBNY NE-109ZH Y NE-109. DEKUFCHPCHBMY SING DETOLP, DBTSE OBZMP. rПФПНХ OELPFPTSHCHE OBLY LPNBODYTSCH RTYYMY L CHSCCHPDH, YuFP RTPPHYCH OYI NPTsOP UTBTSBFSHUS FPMSHLP "VPMSHYPK LHYUEK", UFBOPCHYFSHUS CH LTHZ Y PVPTPOSFSHUS. FERETSH, LPZDB KH CHTBZB RPSCHYMYUSH ULPTPUFOSCH YUFTEVYFEMY, FBLBS FBLFLYLB PLBBBMBUSH DMS OBU SCHOP OECHSCHZPDOPK. uMEDPCHBMP TEYFEMSHOP PFLBBBFSHUS PF OEE, RETEKFY PF PVPTPPOSH L OBUFHRMEOYA. PRSCHF KHYUM, YuFP RPVEDSCH NPTsOP DPVYFSHUS FPMSHLP BLFYCHOSCHNY DEKUFCHYSNY.

rTBLFYLB CHPKOSH RPDFCHETDIMB, YuFP PUOPCHOPK VPECHPK EDYOYGEK CH YUFTEVYFEMSHOPK BCHYBGYY SCHMSEFUS RBTB. POB DPMTSOB VShchFSH UMBTSEOOPK, UMEFBOOPK. rPDVPT CHEDHEYI Y CHEDPNSCHI RTPYCHPDYMUS U KHUEFPN OE FPMSHLP RPDZPFPCHLY MEFUYYLPCH, OP Y YI IBTBLFETPCH, B FBLCE MYUOSHI CHBINPPFOPYEOYK NETSDH OYNY. VE PUPVK ABOUT FP OEPVIPDYNPUFY UPUFBCH RBTSH NSCH UFBTBMYUSH OE NEOSFSH.

yЪ OBYVPMEE PRSCHFOSHY Y ITBVTSHCHI MEFUYULLPCH VSHMB UPЪDBOB ZTHRRRB YUFTEVYFEMEC-BUPC. yN UFBCHYMBUSH ЪBDББУБ - DETЪLPK OBUFKHRBFEMSHOPK FBLFYLPK UVYFSH UREUSH U CHTBZB, RPLBЪBFSH DTHZYN, LBL OHTsOP YUFTEVMSFSH ЪBICHBFUYLPCH.

h ZTHRRH CHPYMY o. yBTPC, c. lПЧЪBO, lПТПФЛПЧ, й. nP-FHЪ, DETLBYU, YuHVKHLPCH, RHYULPCH Y YuKHMBECH.

rETCHPK PVTBЪEG NHTSEUFCHB Y NBUFETUFCHB RPLBЪBMB YUEFCHETLB YUFTEVYFEMEK RPD LPNBODPCHBOYEN UFBTYEZP MEKFEOBOFB yBTPCB. CHUFTEFYCHYYUSH U CHPUSHNETLPK "NEUUETYNYYFFPCH", POB OE PFUFKHRYMB, B UNEMP BFBLPCHBMB CHTBZB. uVYCH FTY ZHBIYUFULYI UBNPMEFB, OBIY BUSH VEЪ RPFETSCH CHETOHMYUSH DPNPC.

vMEUFSEE RTPCHEMB ChP'DKHYOSCHK VPK U DCHHNS "NEUUET-YNYFFBNY" RBTB MEKFEOBOFB rHYULPCHB. pVB CHTBTSEULYI UBNPMEFB VSHMY UVYFSCH. pDOYN Y CHSHCHVTPUYCHYIUS U RBTBIAFPN ZHBUYUFUULYI MEFUYLPCH PLBBBMUS PVET-MEKFEOBOF CHETET, YOUFTHHLFPT CHCHUYEZP RYMPFBTSB.

rBTB YuKHMBECHB DTBMBUSH RTPFYCH FTPKLY "NEUUETYNYFFPPCH". th PRSFSH RPVEDB PLBBBMBUSH ABOUT OBYEK UFPTPOE. UPCHEFULYE YUFTEVYFEMY UVYMY DCHB ZHBUYUFULYI UBNPMEFB.

KHUREY OBIYI BUPC RPDOSMY DHI X CHUEI MEFUYILPC. sing KHCHYDEMY, YuFP CHTBZ VPYFUS DETOLYI, TEYYFEMSHOSCHI BFBL, FETSEFUS, LPZDB RTPFYCH OEZP RTYNEOSAF OPCHCHE FBLFYUEULYE RTYENSHCH.

FERTSH UPCHEFULYE MEFYUYYYUFTEVYFEMY OE VPSMYUSH RTPOILBFSH CH ZMHVPLYK FSHM RTPFYCHOILB, UBNY OBRBDDBMY ABOUT CHTBTSEULYE UBNPMEFSHCH. ZhBYUFSH CHSHCHOKHTSDEOSCH VSHMY PFLBBFSHUS PF RPMEFPCH RBTBNY, RPFPNH YuFP OETEDLP UFBOPCHYMYUSH MEZLPK DPVSHCHUEK OBUYI BUPC. sing UFBMY MEFBFSH ZTHRRBNY RP 6-8 UBNPMEFPCH. FERTSH KHCE NSCH CHTBZKH OBCHSCHCHBMY UCHPA CHPMA, ЪBUFBCHMSMY NEOSFSH FBLFYLH.

pDOBTDSCH RTPFYCH CHPUSHNETLY "SLPCH", CHP'ZMBCHMSENPK LPNBODITPN 744 YBR NBKPTPN u. OBKDEOPCHSHCHN (POB RBFTKHMYTPCHBMB OBD UCHPYNYY UNITED CHPKULBNY), ZYFMETPCHGSCH CHSHCHUMBMY 18 UBNPMEFPCH. oBIPDSUSH ABOUT CHURPNPZBFEMSHOPN RHOLFE KHRTBCHMEOYS, S UTBH TSE KHOBM PV LFPN Y IPFEM VSHMP CHSHCHCHBFSH RPDLTERMEOYE, OP obBKDEOPCH RP TBDYP ЪBCHETYM NEOS, YuFP POY KHRTBCHSFUS UBNY.

VPK OBYUBMUS ABOUT OEVPMSHYPN KHDBMEOYY PF RHOLFB KHRTBCHMEOYS, Y NSCH IPTPYP CHYDEMY, LBL ON RTPFELBM. rP LPNBODE NBKPTB OBKDEOPCHB OBUY MEFYUYYY KHUFTENYMYUSH OBCHUFTEYUKH RTPFYCHOILH. ъБЧСЪБМБУШ ФБЛБС ЛБТХУЭМШ, UFP PRTEDEMYFSH, ZDE UCHPY, ZDE YUKHTSIE, CHTENEOBNY VSHMP OECHPNPTSOP. h OEVE UFPSM OBDTSCHOSCHK ZHM NPFPTPCH, ZMKHIPCHBFSCHK RETEUFHL BCHYBGYPOOSCHI RHOYEL Y FTEULPFOS RKHMENEFPC.

chYDYN, ABOUT PDYO YI OBUYI "SLPCH" OBVTPUYMBUSH YUEFCHETLB "NEUUETPCH". u TBOSCHI UFPTPO L OENKH RPFSOKHMYUSH PZOEOOSHCH FTBUUSCH.

YI, RTPRBM RBTEOSH! - PVTPOYM LFP-FP YUFPSCHYI TSDPN TBVPFOYLPCH RHOLFB KHRTBCHMEOYS.

LBL LFP RTPRBM? - CHPTBYM ENKH DTHZPK. - uNPFTY, LBL ON UBN YI YUEICHPUFYF.

xDYCHMSFSHUS VSHMP YENH. pFLPMPFSHCHK PF ZTHRRSHCH, UPCHEFULIK YUFTEVYFEMSH OE FPMSHLP YULHUOP PVPTPPOSMUS, OP Y UNEMP BFBLPCBM.

UNPFTY LBLPK NPMPDEG! - OE KhDETTSBMUS PF CHPULMYGBOYS NBKPT o. and. eERBOLPCH YJ PRETBFYCHOPZP PFDEMB, - rPDTSES-FBLY PDOPZP. zPTYYSH, RTPLMSFSHCHK ZHBUYUF!

rPFPN NSCH KHOBMY ZHBNYMYA ZETPS. yN PLBBBMUS UFBTYK MEKFEOBOF y. nPFKH, HCE OE TB PFMYUBCHYKUS CH CHP'DKHYOSCHI UICHBFLBI. h FPN VPA MEFYUYL RPMKHYUM FSTSEMPE TBOEOYE, OP, YUFELBS LTPCHSHA, UTBTSBMUS DP FAIRIES RPT, RPLB ZHBUYUFSHCH, YJTBUIPDPCHBCH VPERTYRBUSCH, OE RPCHETOHMY DPNK. rSFSH UVYFSHI CHTBTSEULYI UBNPMEFPCH Y PDYO RPFETSOOSCHK UCHPK - FBLPC YFPZ OETBCHOPZP RPEDYOLB. lBL FHF VSHMP OE CHURPNOYFSH LTSHMBFPE UKHCHPTPCHULPE YITEYEOYE: “chPAAF OE YUYUMPN, B KHNEOYEN.”

chPKOB SCHYMBUSH DMS OBU UHTPCHPK YLPMPK. h IPDE EE NOPZPE RTYYMPUSH RETEUNPFTEFSH, TEYYFEMSHOP PFLBBBFSHUS PF UFBTSCHI FBLFYUEUULYI UIEN Y RTYENPCH.

CHOBYUBME, OBRTYNET, NSCH MEFBMY, LBL RTBCHYMP, RMPFOSHN UFTPEN. y Ch LFPN VSHMB OEPVIPDYNPUFSH. CHEDSH TBDYPUFBOGYY ABOUT VPMSHYOUFCHE UBNPMEFPCH PFUHFUFCHPCHBMY. hRTBCHMSFSH YNY CH CHPDHIE RTYIPDYMPUSH MYYSH U RPNPESH TBMYUOSHI CHPMAGYY, RPLBUYCHBOYEN LTSHMSHECH. TBUUTEDPFPYUYFSH NBYOSCH RP CHCHUPFE Y RP ZhTPOFKH, CHDPIOPCHYFSH MADEK CH OHTSOSCHK NNEOF UMPCHPN LPNBODYT ZTKHRRSHCH OYE Refinery. bVUPMAFOP ZMKHIPK Y OENPK, BY OBRPNYOBM UPVPK OBUEDLH, LPFPTBS VPYFUS DBMELP PFRKHUFYFSH PF UEVS GSHHRMSF. b ChPЪDKHYOSCHE VPY ABOUT ULPTPUFOSCHI NBYOBI RPFTEVPCHBMY RTETSDE CHUEZP VPMSHYPZP RTPUFTBOUFCHB. KHUREY UPRHFUFCHPCHBM FPNKH, LFP YULHUOP NBOECHTTYTPCHBM, KHNEMP YURPMSHЪPCHBM PVMBLB Y BFBLY UP UFPTPOSCH UPMOGB, KHCHETEOOP Y PRETBFYCHOP KHRTBCHMSM ZTHRRPK.

FEN OE NEOEE TBDYP CHOEDTSMPUSH CH BCHYBGYY U VPMSHYYNY RPFKHZBNY. ULBYCHCHBMBUSH RTYCHSHCHYULB MEFBFSH RP UFBTYOLE. rTYIPDYMPUSH OE FPMSHLP KHVETSDBFSH MADEK, OP RTYOINBFSH UBNSCH TEYYFEMSHOSHE NETSCH L FPNKH, YuFPVSH OPCHSHCHK CHYD UCHSY UBBOSM CH BCHYBGYPOOSHI YUBUFS RPDPVBAEE NEUFP. rPICHBMSHOKHA OBUFPKYUCHPUFSH CH LFPN RTPSCHYMY dBOYYM zBCHTYMPCHYU DEOYUEOLP Y EZP RPNPEOIL NBKPT t.u. FETULIK.

vPMSHYKHA TPMSH CH PVEUREYUEOYS YUEFLPZP KHRTBCHMEOYS BCHYBGYEK, PUPVEOOOP YUFTEVYFEMSHOPK, USCHZTBMY RETEDPCHSHCHE OBVMADBFEMSHOSHY LPNBODOSHCH RHOLFSHCH. UPJDBCHBMYUSH SING CH TBKPOBI VPECHSHI DEKUFCHYK OBENOSHI CHPKUL.

CHEDSH LBL VSHMP TBOSHYE? lPNBODYT UFTEMLLPCHPK DYCHYYYY RTPUIF: “fPCHBTYEY! UDEMBKFE FBL, YuFPVSH BCHYBGYS CHYUEMB OBD CHPKULBNY OERTETSCHCHOP. POB NPTBMSHOP CHDPIOPCHMSEF VPKGHR".

uPZMBUEO. nPTBMSHOSCHK ZBLFPT YNEM OENBMPCHBTsOPE OBYOOYE. oP KH OBU OE ICHBFBMP UYM DMS FPZP, YUFPVSH PVEUREYUYFSH OERTETSCHCHOPE RTEVSCCHBOYE UBNPMEFPCH OBD CHPKULBNY, DB Y YZHZHELFYCHOPUFSH FBLPZP "CHYUEOYS" VSHMB OEOBYUYFEMSHOPK. lPZDB TSE RPSCHYMYUSH CHURPNPZBFEMSHOSH RHOLFSHCH KHRTBCHMEOYS (chrkh), CHUE UVBMP CHSHZMSDEFSH UPCHETYEOOP YOBYUE.

oBIPDYYEUS CH CHPKULBI RTEDUFBCHYFEMY chchu OERTETSCHCHOP YOZHPTNYTPCHBMY BCHYBGYPOOSCHI LPNBOYTPCH PV YYNEOOYSI CH VPECHPK PVUFBOPCHLE, CH MAVPK NPNEOF NPZMY CHSHCHBFSH UBNPMEFSH, OBGEMYFSH Y RETEOBGEMYFSH YI OB FE PVAELFSHCH, LPFPTSHCHE CH DBOOSCHK NNEOF RTEDUFBCHMSAF PUPVHA CHBTSOPUFSH. sing FBLCE UCHPECHTENEOOOP RTEDHRTETSDBMY MEFYUYLPCH PV PRBUOPUFY.

ABOUT RETEDPCHSHCHURPNPZBFEMSHOSH RHOLFSHCH KHRTBCHMEOYS CHCHCHETSBMY OE FPMSHLP LPNBODITSCH UPEDYOEOYK YYUBUFEK, OP Y TSDPCHCHESHE MEFUYULY. oBIPDSUSH FBN, SING CHPPYYA KHVETSDBMYUSH, LBL CHOINBFEMSHOP UMEDSF ЪB YI DEKUFCHYSNYU YENMY, LBLHA OEPGEOINHA RPNPESH YN OETEDLP PLBSCCHBAF. ьФП ЪББНЭФОП РПЧШШУИМП ПФЧеFUФЧеOOПУФШ МЭФОПЗП УПУФБЧБ ЪБ ЛБЦДШЧК ВПЭЧПК ХШШЧМEF, ЪБУФБЧИМП YI CHOINBFEMSHOP RTYUMKHYYCHBFSHUS L ZPMPUKH ENMY.

h ZMKHIPK DETECHKHYLE, CHRMPFOKHA RTYNSCHLBCHYEK L tBNKHYECHULPNH LPTIDPTKH, UFPSMB RPMKHTBTHYEOOOBS GETLPCHSH. y CHUEI UFTPEOYK POB FPMSHLP y KHGEMEMB. pDOP CHTENS ЪDEUSH TBNEEBMUS BTFYMMETYKULYK OBVMADBFEMSHOSHCHK RHOLF, B RPFPN UADB RETEVTBMYUSH OBY MADI. lBRYFBO y. h. CHUFKHRBS CH UCHSMEFBAEINY ABOUT ЪBDBOYS UBNPMEFBNY, BY YOZHPTNYTPCHBM YI P CHPDHYOPK PVUFBOPCHL, RTEDKHRTETSDBM P RPSCHMEOYY CHTBTSEULYI YUFTEVYFEMEK, UMPCHPN, VSC M ZMBBNY Y KHYBNY CHURPNPZBFEMSHOPZP RHOLFB KHRTBCHMEOYS.

chTBTSEULYE VPNVBTDYTPCHEYLY OE TB UPCHETYBMY OBMEFSCH ABOUT GETLPCHSH. chYDYNP, RTPFYCHOIL OBBM, YuFP POB YURPMSH'HEFUS OBNY DMS KHRTBCHMEOYS BCHYBGYEK. pDOBLP nBTZPTULIK DBTSE PE CHTENS UBNSHI UIMSHOSHI VPNVETSEL DPVYCHBMUS VEURETEVPKOPK Y KHUFPKUYCHPK UCHSY U LYRBTSBNY. EZP UNEMPUFSH Y OBIPDUYCHPUFSH PE NOPZPN URPUPVUFCHBMY HUREYIH CH VPECHPK TBVPFE BCHYBUBUFEK.

bCHYBGYS, LBL Y DTHZYE CHYDSCH chPPTHTSEOOSCHI UYM, YNEEF UCHPK FSHM. CHCHCHYE NSCH HCE ZPCHPTYMY P ZETPYYNE Y UBNPPFCHETTSEOOPUFY EZP NOPZPYUYUMEOOSCHI FTHTSEOILPC.

FERETSH IPUEFUS DPVTPE UMPChP ULBUBFSH PV YOTSEOETBI Y FEIOILBI r. h. lPCHTTSoilPche, lPTUBZYOE, ъHVBTECHE, h. YHTSCHZYOE, w. b. yBMYOE, r. u. VEMYLPCHE, b. n. zTIZPTSOE, b. y. uHVVPFYOE Y DTHZYI, LPFPTSCHE DEMBMY CHUE CHPNPTSOPE Y OECHPNPTSOPE DMS RPDDETSBOYS UBNPMEFPCH CH RPUFPSOOPK VPECHPK ZPFPCHOPUFY.

yULMAYUYFEMSHOP YUEFLP TBVPFBMY, OEUNPFTS ABOUT FSTSEMSHCHE ZHTPOFPCHSHCHE HUMPCHYS, UREGYBMYUFSHCH 16-ZP BCHYBTENRPPEDB, LPFPTSHNY THLPCHPDYM YOTSEOET-NBKPT h. lTYCHLP, 57-S UFBGYPOBTOBS BCHYBGYPOOBS NBUFETULBS, CHPZMBCHMSENBS YOTSEOET-RPDRPMLPCHOILPN b. n. rTHUPCHSHCHN, BCHYBGYPOOSHE NBUFETULYE, THLPCHPDYNSCHE YOTSEOET-RPMLPCHOILPN th. h. YCHBOPCHCHN Y lTBUOIGLINE.

bCHYBGYS OE NPTSEF TSYFSH VEЪ BTPPDTPNPCH. OBOY UFTPYFEMY FCHPTYMY VHLCHBMSHOP YUKHDEUB, OETEDLP RPDZPFBCHMYCHBS CHOMEFOP-RPUBDPYUOSCH RPMPUSH UB UYFBOOSCH YUBUSCH.

pFDEM BCHYBGYPOOPZP UFTPYFEMSHUFCHB BTNY VSHM KHLPNRMELFPCHBO PRSCHFOSCHNY YOTSEOOETBNY, FEIOILBNY, DTHZYNY UREGYBMYUFBNY. chOBYUBME LFPF LPMMELFYCH CHPZMBCHMSM RPMLPCHOIL b.b. NSULPCH, ЪBFEN YOTSEOET-NBKPT b. V. TBYOPCHYU. nOPZP UYM Y UFBTBOYS CHLMBDSHCHBMY CH TBVPFH LPNBODYT 14-ZP YOTSEOETOP-BTPDTPNOPZP VBFBMSHPOB NBKPT z. f. chPTPOB Y EZP ЪBNEUFYFEMSH RP RPMYFYUEULPK YUBUFY n. m. n. aTYO Y DTHZYE.

5-K PFDEMSHOSHCHK YOTSEOETOP-BTPDTPNOSHCHK VBFBMSHPO, OBRTYNET, CH FEYUEOYE 1941 ZPDB UPЪDBM CH KHLBBOOPN TBKPOE GEMKHA BTPPDTPNOKHA UEFSH. u LFYI BTPDTPNPCH DPMZP Y BLFYCHOP DEKUFCHPCHBMB CHUS BCHYBGYS UECHETP-ъBRBDOPZP ZhTPOFB. dTHZIE YUEFSHTE VBFBMSHPOB FBLCE ЪBВМБЗПЧТНИООП ЪБОСМУШ РПЗПФПЧЛПК CHMEFOP-RPUBDPYUOSHI RPMPU. h RPNPESH YN NSCH OBRTBCHYMY DCHB CHOPCHSH UZHPTNYTPCHBOOSCHI RPDTBDEMEEOYS.

lTPNE DEKUFCHHAEYI UFTPYFEMY UPJDBCHBMY OENBMP MTSOSCHI BTPPDTPNPCH. rTY LFPN SING RTPSCHMSMY OENBMP CHSHCHDHNLY YYPVTEFBFEMSHOPUFY. ABOUT NEUFOSCHI DETECHPPVTBVBFSCHBAEYI RTEDRTYSFYSI Y ZHBOETSHY DPUPL UPPTHTSBMYUSH NBLEFSH UBNPMEFPCH, BCHFPNBYO Y DTHZPK FEIOIL. u RPNPESH IYFTPKHNOSCHI KHUFTPKUFCH CHUS LFB VHFBZHPTYS RTYCHPDYMBUSH CH DCHYTSEOYE. UREGYBMSHOP CHCHDEMSENSHCH LYRBTSY YNYFYTPCHBMY CHMEFSHCH Y RPUBDLY.

th ChTBZ OETEDLP RPRBDBMUS ABOUT HDPYULH. FSHUSYUY FPOO VPNV ON UVTBUSHCHBM ABOUT RHUFSHTY.

PITBOE BTPDTPNPCH PF HDBTTPCH U CHPDHIB URPUPVUFCHPCHBMY NBULYTPCHEYLY. sing DEKUFCHPCHBMY RPD THLPCHPDUFCHPN FBLYI PRSCHFOSCHI UREGYBMYUFPCH, LBL NBKPT VEMSECH, l. b. EYRYO, u. n. lPTPMEMCH.

RETCHBS ZHTPOFPCHBS JINB, 1941/42 ZPDB, PLBBBMBUSH PUPVEOOOP FSTSEMPK DMS BTPPDTPNEYLPCH. nPTPЪSH DPIPDIMY DP 40-42 ZTBDHUPCH, YUBUFP VKHYECHBMY NEFEMY. YuFPVSH CH FYI HUMPCHYSI UPJDBCHBFSH OPCHSHCHE RPDDETSYCHBFSH CH TBVPYUEN UPUFPSOY DEKUFCHHAEYE BTPPDTPNSCH, UREGYBMYUFBN RTYIPDYMPUSH RTPSCHMSFSH NBLUYNKHN UFBTBOYS UNELB MLY. lTPNE FTBLFPTPCH Y BCHFPNBYO, DTHZPK FEIOILPK POY OE TBURPMBZBMY. dMS KHRMPFOEOYS UOEZB YI RPDTHYUOSHI NBFETYBMPCH UPPTHTSBMYUSH DETECHSOOSCH LBFLY, CHPMPLKHYY, CHUECHPNPTSOSCH ZMBDYMLY, UFTKHZY, UOEZPFBULY.

lBL YJCHEUFOP, DP CHPKOSH OBUY UBNPMEFSH JINPK MEFBMY ABOUT MSCHTSBI. fTEVPCHBOYS L BHTPDTPNBN RTEDYASCHMSMYUSH OE FBLYE HC TSEUFLYE. OP LPZDB RPUFBOPCHMEOYEN zPUKHDBTUFCHEOOPZP lPNYFEFB pVPTPPOSH CHUA VPECHHA BCHYBGYA RPUFBCHYMY ABOUT LPMEUUB, TBVPFSCH X BTPPDTPNEYLPCH ЪBNEFOP RTYVBCHYMPUSH.

OP Y ЪDEUSH CHSHCHIPD VSHM OBKDEO. fBN, HERE CHPNPTsOP, BTPDTPNSCH UFBMY UFTPYFSH ABOUT EBNETYI PIETBI.

h SOCHBTE 1942 ZPDB VSHMP RTYLBYBOP UTPYUOP RPDZPFPCHYFSH BTPPDTPN CH TBKPOE UFBOGYY mSHYULLPCHP. CHCHEIBCH ABOUT NEUFP, YOTSEOETSH-YSHCHULBFEMY RPOBUYUBMH UICHBFYMYUSH EB ZPMPCHH: LTHZPN VPMPFB, RTYUEN POY OE RTPNETBMY DBTSE CH UIMSHOSHE IMPPDB, FBL LBL FPTZH SCHMSEFUS IPTPYEK FERMPYPMSGYPOOPK RTPLMBDLPK. YuFP DEMBFS? rTYYMPUSH RPDPVTBFSH VPMEE-NEOOEE TPCHOSCHK KHYBUFPL RBIPFOPK ENMY, TBTPCHOSFSH EZP, KhFTBNVPCHBFSH, ЪBUSHRBFSH DTEOBTSOSCHE LBOBCHSHCH.

bTPDTPN VShchM RPUFTPEO ЪB DChPE UHFPL. fBN FTHDYMYUSH UPFOY ULTPNOSCHI CHPYOPCH-ZETPECH. TBURPTSDYFEMSHOPUFSHY UNELBMLPK VMEUOHMY FPZDB LPNBODYT 14-ZP YOTSEOETOP-BTPDTPNOPZP VBFBMSHPOB z. f. chPTPOB, RPMYFTBVPFOIL n. m. rBTEGLYK, UREGYBMYUFSH yuYVYUPCH, lPOPRMECH, NSHCHU-MSLPCH, fBTBLBOPC, zHTYOPCH, vBZOPCHEG, TBLPCH, dAVEOLP Y NOPZYE DTHZIE. PE CHTENS VPNVETSLY RPZYV PRSHFOSCHK YOTSE-OET-BTPPDTPNEYL REFT UYDPTPCHYU NYOBECH.

lPZDB UFTPMY BTPPDTPN CH BODTEBRPME, CHTBZ OBIPDIYMUS CH FTEI LYMPNEFTBI PF ZPTPDB. ZHBIYUFULYE VPNVBTDYTPCHEYLY RP OEULPMSHLH TB CH DEOSH VPNVYMY UFTPIFEMEK. th CHUE-FBLY ЪBDBOYE VSHMP CHSHPRPMOEOP CH TELPTDOP LPTPFLYK UTPL.

ABOUT PIET REOP UFTPYFEMSHUFCHPN BTPPDTPNB THLPCHPDYM ЪBNEUFYFEMSH LPNBODITB YOTSEOETOP-BTPDTPNOPZP VBFBMSHPOB YOTSEOET-LBRYFBO rBCHEM FATYO. h UBNSHCHK TBZBT TBVPF FHDB RTYVSHCHM OBYUBMSHOIL BTPPDTPNOPZP UFTPYFEMSHUFCHB tBVYOPCHYU.

OE KHUREMY L UTPLH, - RPTsBMPCHBMUS ENKH FATYO. - chPMPLKHY OE ICHBFBEF VHI CHSHCHPLYY UOEZB.

B YuFP, EUMY NPVYMYYPCHBFSH VPKGPC U RMBE-RBMBFLBNY? - RPDBM NSHUMSH tBVYOPCHYU. - dB Y NEUFOPE OBUEMEOYE PIPFOP RPNPTsEF.

CHCHPD OBYEMUS. pWAYNY KHYMYSNYY UB PDOU UHFLY VSHMB PYUYEEOB PF UOEZB RPMPUB DMYOPK PLPMP LYMPNEFTB Y YYTYOPK 12-15 NEFTPC. CHULPTE ABOUT OEK RTYENMYYUSH UBNPMEFSH Y UTBH CE UBTHMYMY H LBRPOYTSCH, CHSCHTSCHFSHCHE H UOEZKH. b YUETE YUBU, ЪBRTBCHYYUSH ZPTAYUYN Y VPERTYRBUBNY, SING HYMY ABOUT VPECHPE ЪBDBOYE.

YINB DMS BTPPDTPNEYLPCH VSHMB OE FPMSHLP CHTBZPN, OP Y UPA'OILPN: RTPNETYYK ZTHOF RP LTERPUFY OBRPNYOBM VEFPO. b YuFP DEMBFSH CHEUOPK, LPZDB YENMS TBULYUBEF Y CHULTSHCHBAFUS VPMPFB?

TBVPFOILY PFDEMB BTPPDTPNOPZP UFTTPYFEMSHUFCHB ЪBTBOEE ZPFPCHYMYUSH L TBURKHFYGE, UPUFBCHMSS CHUECHPNPTSOSCHE RTPELFSCH. rPUME LPOUKHMSHFBGYK U NPULPCHULPK OBHYUOP-YUUMEDPCHBFEMSHULPK UFBOGYEK VSHMP RTYOSFP FBLPE TEYEOYE. at OBUFHRMEOYEN FARMSHI DOEK PDOKH YUBUFSH BTPPDTPNB FEBFEMSHOP KhFTBNVPCHBFSH, B ЪBFEN RPLTSCHFSH UOEZPN Y UPMPNPK, YUFPVSH LBL NPTsOP DPMSHYE ЪBDETTSBFSH UOEZPFBSOYE. dTKhZHA TSE, OBPVPTPF, PYUYUFYFSH PF UOEZB, RPUSHRBFSH UBTSEC, ЪPMPK Y NEMLPK LTPYLPK FPTZHB, RTDPDEMBFSH LBOBCHSH DMS UFPLB CHPDSH. rPLB VHDHF RPTPIPDYFSH RPMEFSH UP UOETSOPK RPMPUSH, CHFPTBS UB LFP CHTENS RPDUPIOEF Y FPTSE UFBOEF ZPFPCHPK L RTYENKH UBNPMEFPCH. CHEDSH RPMEFSH OH ABOUT PDYO DEOSH OE DPMTSOSCH RTELTBEBFSHUS.

dP CHPKOSH UKHEEUFChPChBMB FEPTYS KHLTERMEOYS ZTHOFPPCH. UNSCHUM ITS UCHPDYMUS L FPNKH, YuFP RP NETE PFFBYCHBOYS ENMY OBDP CHDBCHMYCHBFSH CH OEE EEVEOOLH Y ZTBCHYK. OP VPECHBS RTBLFLYLB, CH YUBUFOPUFY CH HUMPCHYSI UECHETP-ЪBRBDDB, LFH FEPTYA OBYUYUFP PFCHETZMB. yЪ-ЪB OEE NSCH "RPZPTEMY", OBRTYNET, CHEUOPK 1943 ZPDB, LPZDB RPRTPVPCHBMY FBLYN URPUPVPN KHLTERYFSH CHMEFOP-RPUBDPYUOHA RPMPUKH H lTEUFGBI. nPVYMYYPCHBCH CHEUSH OBMYUOSCHK BCHFPFTBOURPTF, ЪB PDOKH OPYUSH ЪBCHEMY FHDB 15 FSCHUSYU LKHVPNEFTPCH ZTBCHYS. TBTPCHOSMY, OBYUBMY HRMPFOSFSH. th UFP CE? CHETIOYK UMPK YENMY FTBLFPTSCH, Y BCHFPNPVYMY FBL TBTHYMYMY, YuFP RPMPUB RTECHTBFYMBUSH CH NEUYCHP. th ULPMSHLP FKhDB OH USHRBMY ZTBCHYS, BY YUYUEBM CH ZTSY, UMPCHOP CH VEDOYE.

RETED HFTPN TBVYOPCHYU ЪCHPOYF NOE Y DPLMBDSCHCHBEF:

WEDB, CHUE FTHDSCH RTPRBMY...

UFP DKHNBEFE DBMSHYE DEMBFSH? at TBUUCHEFPN OBYUOEFUS VPECHBS TBVPFB, OBDP RTYOINBFSH UBNPMEFSH, - ZPCHPTA ENKH.

VTPUBEN UFH RPMPUKH, OBYUOEN KHLBFSHCHBFSH DTHZHA, TSDPN.

bFP OBUY CHSHCHTHYYMP. at KHLBFBOOPK RPMPUSH UBNPMEFSCH UPCHETYYMY OEULPMSHLP VPECHI CHSHCHMEFPCH CH TBKPO DENSOULB.

PUPVEOOOP VPMSHYPK TBENBI UFTPYFEMSHUFCHP RPMKHYUYMP MEFPN 1942 ZPDB, LPZDB RP TEYEOYA zPUKHDBTUFCHEOOPZP lPNYFEFB pVPTPPOSH OBYUBMB UPЪDBChBFSHUS BTPDTPNOBS UEFSH PRETBFYCHOPK Y UFTBFEZYUEULPK ZMHVYOE. OBOY YOTSEETOSCH VBFBMSHPOSH ЪB LPTPFLYK UTPL UPPTHDYMY VPMEE UFB ZTHOFPCHSHHI BTPPDTPNPCH. nBUFETB-KHNEMSHGSCH U RPNPESH FPMSHLP FPRPTB Y RYMSCH RPUFTPIMY RTELTBUOSCH LBRPOYTSCH DMS UBNPMEFPCH, ULMBDULYE RPNEEEOYS, LPNBODOSHCH RHOLFSHCH, KHLTSCHFYS DMS MYUOPZP UPUFBCHB. rTBCHDB, OBYYN BCHYBUBUFSN OE RTYYMPUSH CHPURPMSHЪPCHBFSHUS LFYNY BTPPDTPNBNY, OP POY OBCHETOSLB RTYZPDYMYUSH DMS DTHZYI.

rP CHEYUETBN YMY CH OEOBUFOHA RPZPDH, LPZDB CH VPECHSHI DEKUFCHYSI BCHYBGYY OBUFKHRBMP ЪBFYYSHE, WITH MAVYM ЪBCHETOKHFSH ABOUT PZPOEL CH RPMYFPFDEM. MADI FBN RPDPVTBMYUSH FPMLPCHSHCHE, Y U OINY YOFETEUOP VSHMP VUEEDPCHBFSH.

OP YUBEE CHUEZP RPMYFPFDEM RHUFPCHBM. h FBLYI UMKHYUBSI DETSKHTOSHKH YHFLH ZPCHPTYM: “CHUE KHYMY ABOUT ZHTPOF.” y DEKUFCHYFEMSHOP, TBVPFOILY RPMYFPFDEMB DOECHBMY y OPYUECHBMY ABOUT BTPDTPNBI, RPNPZBS LPNBODYTBN, RPMYFTBVPFOILBN, RBTFYKOSHCHN LPNUPNMSHULIN PTZBOYBGYSN CH CHPURYFBOY MADEK, CH RPDYANE YI VPECHPK BLFYCHOPUFY. rTYNET YN RPDBCHBM YI OBYUBMSHOIL RPMLPCHOIL s. y. dTBKYHL. rPMYFPFDEMSHGSH IPTPYP OBMY RPMPTSEOYE DEM ABOUT NEUFBI, UOBVTSBMY NEOS Y YFBV PVAELFYCHOPK Y YUYUETRSHCHBAEEK YOZHTNBGYEK.

h YUBUFSI TBVPFOILY RPMYFPFDEMB RPMSHЪPCHBMYUSH KHCHBTSEOYEN Y BCHFPTYFEFPN. chЪSFSH, L RTYNETKH, MELFPTB NBKPTB tsBTLPCHB, LPFPTPZP NOPZIE BCHYBFPTSCH RPRTPUFKH ЪChBMY UBYEK.

RTYYMYFE UBYKH, - RTYUMY MEFUYYYYYMY TENPOFOYYY. - BY IPTPYP YUIFBEF MELGYY P NETSDHOBTPDOPN RPMPTSEOYY.

OE FPMSHLP bMELUBODT TsBTLPCH, OP Y DTHZIE TBVPFOILY RPMYFPFDEMB BTNYY - NBKPTSH u. lPMCH, b. aYLP, o. vBFYO, b. UECHYDPCH, LBRYFBOSH PMSHIPCHBFPCH Y LHJOEGPCH - CHUEZDB VSHMY TSEMBOSCHNY MADSHNY CH BCHYBGYPOOSCHY YUBUFSYY FSHMPCHSCHI RPDTBDEMEOYSI. b RPNPEOIL OBYUBMSHOILB RPMYFPFDEMB RP TBVPFE UTEDY LPNUPNPMSHGECH LBRYFBO b.uMBCHYOULYK CHPPVEE OILLPZDB OE LEAVE CH RPMYFPFDEME. BY OBIPDIYMUS CH ZHEE NPMPDETSY, LPFPTPK CH BTNYY VSHMP DPCHPMSHOP NOPZP, RTPCHPDYM LPNUPNPMSHULYE UPVTBOYS, PTZBOYPCHSHCHBM FENBFEYUEULYE CHEYUETB Y CHUFTEYUYU PFMYUYCHYYNYU S CH VPSI, VSHM DKHYPK TBMYUOSCHI LHMSHFHTOSHCHI NETPRTYSFYK CH YUBUSH DPUKHZB.

lBL FHF OE CHURPNOYFSH RTPOILOPCHEOOSCH MEOYOULYE UMPCHB P CHBTSOPUFY Y OBUYNPUFY RPMYFYUEULPK TBVPFSCH: “HERE OBYVPMEE ЪBVPFMYCHP RTPCHPDYFUS RPMYFTBVPFB CH CHPKULBI Y TBVPFB LPNYUUBTPCH, FBN OEF TBUIMSVBOOPUFY CH BTNYY, FBN MHYUYE EE UFTPC Y EE DHI, FBN VPMSHYE RPVED.”

h BTNYY CHSCHIPDYMB ZBJEFB "uPLPM tPDYOSCH." TEDBLFYTPCHBM EE PRSHFOSCHK TSKHTOBMYUF NBKPT b. tHFNBO, uPFTHDOILBNY TEDBLGYY VSHMY r. rTPYO, u. lTBUIMSHAIL, n. TPZHR, r. zPTYLPCH, part lHYUYO Y DTHZYE FPCHBTYEY. sing OERMPIP OBMY MEFOPE DEMP Y VSHCHMY, LBL Y TBVPFOILY RPMYFPFDEMB, FEUOP UCHSBOSCH U YUBUFSNY. CHUE OBYVPMEE CHBTSOSH UPVSHCHFYS OBIPDIYMY PRETBFYCHOPE Y STLPE PFTBTSEOYE CH BTNEKULPK REYUBFY.

IPTPYKHA RPNPESH TEDBLGYY BTNEKULPK ZBJEFSHCH PLBYSCHBMY RYUBFEMY Y NBUFFYFSCHE TSKHTOBMYUFSCH, OCHEBCHYE UECHETP-ъBRBDOSCHK ZHTPOF.

h 1942 ZPDKH CHCHRPMЪPCHP, ZDE OBIPDIYMUS YFBV OBYEK ChPЪDKHYOPK BTNYY, RTYEIBM YЪ nPULCHSHCH RPF UETZEK NYIBMLPCH. EZP, CHYDYNP, FBL ЪBICHBFYMB VPECHBS TSYOSH BCHYBFPTPCH, YuFP ON OBDMZP PUFBMUS X OBU. “rTYRYUBMY” NSCH EZP L TEDBLGYY.

choynboye RYUBFEMS UTBH TSE RTYCHMELMB LPMPTYFOBS ZHYZKHTB VEUUFTBYOPZP YUFTEVYFEMS bMELUES UNYTOPCHB, UMBCHB P LPFPTPN ZTENEMB RP CHUENKH ZHTPOFKH. ENH RPUCHSEBMYUSH UFBFSHY CH OBYEK Y PE ZHTPOFPCHPK ZBEFBI. dB Y UBN MEFUYL CH UCHPVPDOSCH PF PECH YUBUSCH LPE-YuFP RPRYUSCHCHBM. EZP UFBFSHY CHOBYUBME REYUBFBMYUSH CH "UPLPME tPDYOSCH". rPFPN NSCH PVAEDYOMY YI YYDBMY PFDEMSHOPK LOYTSLPK RPD OBCHBOYEN “UMBZBENSCH RPVEDSCH.” ABOUT PUOPCH MYUOPK RTBLFYLY Y PRSHCHFB FPCHBTYEEK b. UNYTOPCH RTPUFP Y KHVEDYFEMSHOP TBUULBSCHBM, LBL MHYUYUYUFPTSBFSH CHTBTSEULYE UBNPMEFSH, LBL YURPMSH'PCHBFSH CH CHPDKHOOSCHI VPSI CHOEBROPUFSH, IYFTPUFSH Y UNELBMLH, FPVSC RPVETSDBFSH DBCE YUYUMEOOP RTECHPUIPDSEEZP RTPFYCHOILB. l FPNKH CHTENEY PFCCHBTSOSHCHK YUFTEVYFEMSH YNEM ABOUT UCHPEN UUEFKH HTSE 16 UVYFSHI UBNPMEFPCH CHTBZB, VSHM RTEDUFBCHMEO L ЪChBOYA ZETPS UPCHEFULPZP UPAЪB.

rYUBFEMSH RPOBLPNYMUS U bMELUEEN, B RPFPN KHOOBM, YuFP CH DTHZPK YUBUFY UMKHTSYF EZP PDOPZHBNIMEG chBUYMYK UNYTOPCH. nPMPDEOSHLYK, RPDUFTYTSEOOSCHK RPD ETSYLB, MEFUYIL OYUEN OE CHCHDEMSMUUS UTEDY FPCHBTYEEK. OP UMBCHB P OEN, P EZP NHTSEUFCHY NBUFETUFCHE, CHSHCHYMB HCE DBMELP ЪB RTEDEMSH YUBUFY. chBUYMYK UNYTOPCH PUPVEOOOP RTPSCHYM UEVS LBL NBUFET CHPDHYOPK TBCHEDLY.

UETZES chMBDYNYTPCHYUB NYIBMLLPCHB ЪBYOFETEUPCHBMY LFY MEZEODBTOP UNEMSCH VPKGSHCH-PDOPZHBNYMSHSHCH, Y BY RPUCHSFYM JN UFYIPFCHPTEOYE, FBL Y PBZMBCHMEOOPE “UNYTOPCHSHCH”. lPZDB YETOPCHPK CHBTYBOF VSHM ZPFPCH, RYUBFEMSH RTYYEM L sLPCHH yCHBOPCHYUKH dTBKYUHLH Y DBM ENKH RTPYUYFBFSH.

CHUE IPTPYP, UETZEK chMBDYNYTPCHYU, - ULBUBM ENKH OBYUBMSHOIL RPMYFPFDEMB. - fPMSHLP DETECHOS KH CHBU CHSHCHZMSDYF LBLPK-FP MHVPYuOPK. with UBN TPDYMUS CH ZMKHIPK VEMPTKHUULPK DETECHKHYLE, BOBA HER.

CHPNPTsOP, CHPNPTsOP, - PIPFOP UPZMBUYMUS NYIBMLPCH. - with CHEDSH ZPTPDULPK TSYFEMSH.

dTBKYUHL RPUPCHEFPCHBM, YuFP Y LBL UMEDPCHBMP VSC RPRTBCHYFSH. yuete DEOSH NYIBMLPCH RTYOEU ABOUT RTPUNPFT OPCHSHCHK CHBTYBOF UFYIPFCHPTEOYS. h FBLPN CHYDE POP Y VSHMP PRHVMYLPCHBOP h BTNEKULPK ZBJEFE.

eUMY RPMYUFBFSH ZhTPOFPCHSHCHE UFTBOYGSCH "uPLPMB tPDYOSCH", FP FBN NPTsOP CHUFTEFYFSH OENBMP UFYIPFCHPTEOYK UETZES NYIBMLPCHB. sing CHPURYFSHCHBMY KH BCHYBFPTPCH TZKHYUKHA OEOOBCHYUFSH L CHTBZKH, RTPUMBCHMSMY ZETPYYN Y NHTSEUFChP UPCHEFULYI CHP'DKHYOSCHI VPKGPC.

h OPSVTE 1942 ZPDB 288-NH YFKHTNPCHPNH BCHYBGYPOOPNH RPMLKH RTYUCHPYMY ЪChBOYE “zChBTDEKULYK”. u. Part NYIBMLPC FHF CE PFLMYLOKHMUS ABOUT LFP UPVSCHFYE Y RPUCHSFYM ZETPSN RPMLB NBTY. rPNB u. NYIBMLPCHB "nBFSH UPMDBFULBS" REYUBFBMBUSH CH OUEULPMSHLYI OPNETBI OBYEK ZBJEFSHCH. RPFPNH S, OE TBDHNSCHBS, RPDRYUBM RTEDUFBCHMEOYE L OBZTBTSDEOOYA RPIFB PTDEOPN lTBOOPC YUETE OELPFPTPPE CHTENS U KHDPCHMEFCHPTEOYEN CHTHYUM ENKH BUMHTSEOKHA OBZTBDH.

h ZBJEFE LTPNE UFYIPCH, TBUULBPCH Y LPTTEURPODEOGY YUBUFP REYUBFBMYUSH RYUSHNB CHPYOBN PF TPDOSCHI. chURPNYOBEFUS FBLPC ÑRYЪPD. lBL-FP CHEWETPN ЪBYEM LP NOE sLCH yCHBOPCHYU, CHSCHOHM YЪ RBRLY YURYUBOOSHCHK LBTBODBYPN FTEKHZPMSHOYUEL Y ZPCHPTYF:

RTPYUFFYFE, zhedpt reftpchyyu. NEOS LFP RYUSHNP DP ZMHVYOSCH UETDGB FTPOKHMP.

UFP ЪB RYUSHNP? - URTBYCHBA EZP.

RYYEF NBFSH OBEZP UPMDBFB dBTShS nBLBTTPCHB YЪ DETECHOY nBFPUPCHP, LPFPTHA OEDBCHOP PUCHPVPDYMY OBUY CHPKULB. noe EZP RETEUMBM ЪBNRPMYF RPMLB.

with OBYUBM YUYFBFSH Y U RETCHSCHI CE UFTPL RPOSM, LBLBS DKHYECHOBS VPMSH CHPDYMB THLPK UFBTPK LTEUFSHSOLY.

“dPTPZPK USCHOPYUEL chBOAYB, - RYUBMB TSEOEYOB, - YUETOYM OE ICHBFYF ABOUT FP, YUFPVSH PRYUBFSH, LBLYE NHYUEOYS NSCH RTYOSMY PF OENGECH. ъБВТБМИ Х NEOS CHUA RFYGH, RPTPUEOLB, B RPFPN Y MPYBDSH. dPN, LPOAYOA, VBOA OENGSH TBBPVTBMY PLPRSH UCHPY RPLTSCHBFSH. TsYMY NSCH H MEUH. eMY NPI, MEREYIL YY PRIMPL. pF ZPMPDB KHNETMY VTBFSHS FChPY NYYB Y lPMS. BMEYE CHUE CHOKHFTEOOPUFY OENGSH PFVIMY. NEOS FPCE VYMY RP ZPMPCHE..."

h ЪBLMAYUEOYE RYUSHNB OBLBSHCHBMB USCHOKH: "VEC, chBOAYB, OENGECH OEEBDOP ЪB OBIY NHYUEOSHS, OE TSBMEC YI, UHRPUFBFPCH.s, FChPY VTBFSHS bMEYB, chBUS, chPMPDS Y UEU FTB oATB GEMKHEN FEWS.”

Psatufchbi Zyffmetpchhech about the skill -ladyboopk yyfulpk methythptey with the Umshybm Yufbm Oenbmp Yuempcheeulik Dlhneof Chchpmopchbm neo -Osos Otvyubkop. with NSCHUMEOOP RTEDUFBCHYM, LBL UFBTBS LTEUFSHSOLB U LHYUEK NBMSCHI DEFEK, YZOBOOBS YJ UPVUFCHEOOPZP DPNB, AFYMBUSH ZDE-FP CH MEUKH, CH OBUREY CHSTCHFPK OPTE-ENMSOLE, Y FETREMB O EYNPCHESCHESH MYYEEOYS. dChPE RPZYVMY U ZPMPDH, bMEYE PFVYMY CHUE CHOKHFTEOOPUFY... b ULPMSHLP FBLYI NBFETEK, LPFPTSCHN CHTBZ ЪBFNYM UPMOGE, MYYYM YI CHUEZP, YuFP DPVSHCHBMPUSH OMEZLINE .

chPURYFBOYE OEOBCHYUFY L CHTBZKH VSHMP FPZDB FBLPC CE OEPVIPDYNPUFSHA, LBL PVHYUEOYE CHMBDEFSH BCHFPNBFPN, RKHMENEFPN, ZTBOBFPK. y NSCH DEMBMY CHUE, YUFPVSH TBTSEYUSH UCHSEOOOSCHK ZOECH VPKGCH L ZHBIYUFULIN KHVYKGBN y OBUIMSHOILBN, VEUIYFTPUFOPE RYUSHNP UFBTPK LTEUFSHSOLY VSHMP KHVEDYFEMSHOSCHN PVMYUBAEIN D PLHNEOFPN. rПФПНХ С РПУПЧЭПЧБМ sЛПЧХ йЧБОПЧУХ:

OBDP EZP PVSBFEMSHOP OBREYUBFBFSH CH ZBEFE. RKHUFSH CHUE JOBAF, YFP RTYOEU ABOUT THE OBDII JENMA ZHBUYIN.

NSCH FPCE CH RPMYFPFDEM FBL TEYYMYY, - RPDDETTSBM dTBKYUHL. - b RPMYFTBVPFOILBN RPFPN DBDN KHLBBOYE ЪБУИФБФШ RYUSHNP CH LBTSDPN RPDTBBDEMEOYY.

LUFBFY, OE ЪБВХДШFE OBRPNOYFSH YN Y P CHPCHE OYLPMBECHE, - ULBBM S dTBKYUHLH.

DB, DB, Y P chPche FPCE, - UPZMBUYMUS sHRCH yCHBOPCHYU.

ChPCHH oyLPMBECHB, PDYOOBDGBFYMEFOEZP NBMSHYUPOLH, OBIY BCHFPNPVYMYUFSCH PVOBTHTSYMY CH RTYDPPTTSOPK LBOBCHE. EZP NBFSH KHVYMP PULPMLPN ZHBIYUFULK VPNVSH, LPZDB POB U USCHOPN YMB, CHYDYNP, CH UPUEDOAA DETECHOA. dP UNETFY OBRKHZBOOSCHK RBTOYILB UTSBMUS CH LPNPUEL, LPZDB L OENH RPDPYMY OBUY UPMDBFSH. nBFSH RPIPTPPOYMY, B NBMSHYUPOLKH CHSMY L UEVE ABOUT CHPURYFBOYE MEFUIL. DECHKHYLY-UCHSYUFSHCH UYYMYY ENKH ZYNOBUFETLH, RPDPVTBMY RYMPFLH. CHEUSH RPML ЪBVPFIMUS P OEN, LBL P TPDOPN USCHOE.

WHERE IS FCHPK PFEG? - URTPUYMY chPCHH.

ABOUT ZHTPOF HVYMY.

nBMSHYUIL-UYTPFB RTYTSYMUS CH RPMLH, RPNPZBM MEFUYILBN Y FEIOILBN YuEN Refinery, B POY RETEOUMY ABOUT OEZP CHUA UCHPA OETBUFTBUEOOHA MAVPCHSH L DEFSN. pDOBTDSCH RTY RPDZPFPCHLE L VPECHPNH CHSHCHMEFKH LFP-FP YЪ FEIOYLPCH CHSHCHFBEIM YЪ LBTNBOB LHUPL NEMB Y RPRTPPUYM CHCHH OBRYUBFSH ABOUT VPNVBI, RPDCHEOOSCH L UBNPMEFBN, RP DCHB U MHRB: “ъБ RBRХ!”, “ъБ НБНХ!”

NEUFOSHCHK ZHPFPZTBZH ЪBREYUBFMEM UFH UGEOH ABOUT ZHPFPMEOLKH. uOINPL VSHM OBREYUBFBO CH BTNEKULPK ZBJEFE. UETZEK NYIBMLPCH UPRTPCHPDYM EZP CHPMOPCHBOOSCHNY UFTPLBNY:

MYYYYYCHYKUS PFGB
th NBFETYOULPK MBULY,
rTYAF OBYEDYK
h YUBUFY ZhTPOFPCHPK,
ABOUT MYFPN VPLH
FBSEEK UNETFSH ZHZBULY
lBL RTYZPCHPT CHTBZH
PUFBCHYM RPUETL UCHPK.
th Ch STPUFOSHCHK NPNEOF VPNVPNEFBOSHS,
CHUEMSS UFTBI CH OENEGLIE UETDGB,
uChSEEOOOSCHN VKhDEF NEEOSHE CH UPUEFBOSH
THLY TEVEOLB Y THLY VPKGB.

h PDYO YJ PUEOYI DOEK ABOUT OBYEN BTPPDTPNE RTYENMYMUS YUFTEVYFEMSHOSHCHK BCHYBRPML. h VPSI RPD chPTPOETSEN YN LPNBODPCHBM zETPK uPCHEFULPZP uPAЪB u. y. NYTPOPCH, B FERETSH - EZP VSHCHYYK ЪBNEUFYFEMSH p.n. tPDYPOPCH, FPTSE ITBVTSHCHK MEFUIL Y KHNEMSCHK PTZBOYBFPT. rTETSOEZP LPNBODITB CHSHCHDCHYOHMY ABOUT DYCHYYA.

nsch CHUFTEYUBMY RPML CHNEUFE U LPNBODITPN DYCHYY ZEPTZYEN YCHBOPCHSN. rTYMEFEMY RPLB FPMSHLP DCHE ULBDTYMSHY. fTEFSHS ЪBDETTSBMBUSH ABOUT RTETSOEN NEUFE, YUFPVSH ЪBCHETYYFSH RPDZPFPCHLH NPMPDSCHI MEFYUYLPCH.

ъOBLPNYNUS U MADSHNY: NPMPDEG L NPMPDH. x LBTSDPZP ABOUT ZTHDY RP YuEFSHTE-RSFSH VPECHSHI OZTDBD. REFT hZMSOULYK, bOBFPMYK LYUMSLPCH, ZhEDPT nBKHTYO, OYLPMBK rBUSHLP, bMELUEK VSHLPCHEG - LPZP OH CHPYSHNY - LBTSDSCHK NBUFET ChP'DKHYOPZP VPS. ABOUT UYUEFKH HOYI RP DEUSFY Y VPMEE UVYFSHI CHTBTSEULYI UBNPMEFPCH.

h FP CHTENS ABOUT OBYEN ZhTPOFE VSCHMP ЪBFYYSHE, Y NSCH TEYYMYY DBFSH MEFUYILBN CHPNPTSOPUFSH IPTPYEOSHLP POBBLPNYFSHUS U PUPVEOOPUFSNY NEUFOSHHI KHUMPCHYK. yN RPUFBCHYMY FBLCE ЪBDБУХ - YЪХУИФШ OBUY VPECHPK PRSHHF, LPFPTSCHK VSHCHM HCE PVPVEEO YFBVPN Y RPMYFPFDEMPN BTNYY.

ABOUT YUIPDE 1942 ZPDB OBYUBMBUSH RPDZPFPCHLB L OBUFKHRBFEMSHOPK PRETBGYY. h DELBVTE ABOUT ZHTPOF RTYVSHHM UREGYBMSHOSCHK UBNPMEF-TBCHEDYUIL fH-2. rP ЪBDBOIA chETIPCHOPZP zMBCHOPLPNBODPCHBOYS EZP LYRBTS DPMTSEO VSHM TBCHEDBFSH Y UZhPFPZTBZHYTPCHBFSH DENSOULYK RMBGDBTN RTPFPYCHOILB. nPULCHB RTEDHRTEDYMB: CH RPMEFBI PITBOSFSH UBNPMEF U PUPVK FEBFEMSHOPUFSH. lPNBODHAYK RPTHYUM NOE MYYUOP RPTUMEDYFSH UB LFYN.

LPZP RPIMAN ABOUT UPRTPCHPTSDEOOYE? - URTBYCHBA X LPNBODITB RPMLB RPDRPMLPCHOILB tPDYPOPCHB.

ULBDTYMSHA LBRYFBOB LYUMSLPCHB.fBN RPDPVTBMUS PFMYUOSCHK MEFOSHCHK UPUFBCH.

rTYZMBUYM S YI, RTPYOUFTHLFYTPCHBM, B KHFTPN 30 DELBVTS SING CHNEUFE U LYRBTSEN fH-2 CHSHCHMEFEMY ABOUT BDBOYE. b. part lYUMSLPCHB RTEDHRTEDYM: ЪB TBCHEDYUYLB PFCHEYUBEYSH ZPMPCHPK.

LBBBMPUSH, CHUE VSHMP RTEDKHUNPFTEOP: PRTEDEMOSCH NBTYTHF Y RTPZHYMSH RPMEFB, KHLBBOSHCH OBYVPMSHYEZP UPUTEDPFPYUEOYS CHTBTSEULPK ЪООФОПК BTFYMMETYY CHETPSFOSCHI CHUFTEYU YUFTEVYFEMSNY RTPFYCHOILB. OP VPECHBS DEKUFCHYFEMSHOPUFSH CHUEZDB NPTSEF CHEUFY UCHPY LPTTELFYCHSHCH, RPTPC UBNSHCHE OEPTSIDBOOSCH.

fBL UMKHYUMPUSH Y ABOUT LFPF TB. OE KHUREMY UBNPMEFSH OBVTBFSH ЪBDBOOHA CHCHUPFKH, LBL L BTPDTPNKH RTYVMYYMBUSH CHPUSHNETLB "NEUUETYNYFFPCH". chYDYNP, SING OE ЪBNEFYMY UPCHEFULYI YUFTEVYFEMEK, ЪBFP OBUY UCHETHIYY UTBH TSE PVOBTHTSYMY.

FUCK "NEUUETCH"! - RPUMSCHYBMUS ZPMPU UFBTYEZP MEKFEOBOFB part vETTPDOPZP.

lPNBODYT ULBDTYMSHY, ЪБВШЧЧ OB CHTENS PV PUOPCHOPN ЪBDBOYY, RPDBM LPNBODH BFBLLPCHBFSH Y, TBCHETOHCHYUSH, RETCHCHN KHUFTENYMUS L CHEDHEEK RBTE. lPTPFLBS PYUETEDSH, Y PDYO YY CHTBTSEULYI UBNPMEFPCH, CHURSHIOKHCH, RPYEM L ENME. yULHUOSCHN NBOECHTPN LYUMSLPCH UBYEM CH ICHPUF DTHZPNH CHTBTSELPNH YUFTEVYFEMA. pZPOSH PFLTSCHM U DYUFBOGYY 50-70 NEFTPH. “NEUUET”, TBURKHUFYCH YMEKZH ZHUFPZP DSHNB, TBCHETOHMUS Y UFBM KHIPDYFSH. khRKHUFYFSH CHTBZB lYUMSLPCH OE refinery. ON OZOBM EZP OBD ZPTPDPN chBMDBK, OP, KHCHYDECH, YuFP FPF CHSHCHRKHUFYM YBUUY Y UPVYTBEFUS UEUFSH ABOUT PYETP, OE UFBM VPMSHYE UFTEMSFSH. CHEDSH CHTBZ RPDVYF Y UBDYFUS ABOUT OBYEK FETTYFPTYY. CHUE TBCHOP EZP CHP'SHNHF CH RMEO.

rPLB LYUMSLPCH DTBMUS U CHEDHEEK RBTPC, oYLPMBK rBUSHLP Y chMBDYUMBCH mPTEOG FPTSE RPDVIMY RP PDOPNKH CHTBTSEULPNKH YUFTEVYFEMA. sing UEMY ABOUT MSHDH FPZP TSE PEETB, PLPMP hBMDBS. rPDPURECHYE UPMDBFSH ЪBICHBFYMY CHUEI FTEI ZHBIYUFULYI MEFUYULLPCH CH RMEO.

yuEFSHCHTE UVYFSHI UBNPMEFB! rPVEDB VMEUFSEBS! OP FHF LPNBODYT ULBDTYMSHY, TBZPTSYUEOSCHK VPEN, CHDTHZ CHURPNOYM P CHPDKHOOPN TBCHEDYUYLE. WHERE'S THE PO? oBVTBC CHCHUPFKH, LYUMSLPCH HUFTENMSEFUS L MYOY ZHTPOFB, DP TEI CH ZMBBI CHUNBFTYCHBEFUS CH ZPTYPOF, OP PVOBTHTSYFSH fH-2 OILBL OE NPTSEF. ZMSOKHM ABOUT RTYVPTSCHY BIOCHM: VEOYOB PUFBMPUSH FPMSHLP ABOUT PVTBFOSHCHK RKHFSH DP UCHPEZP BTPPDTPNB.

at FSTSEMSHN YUKHCHUFChPN ChP'ChTBEBMUS lYUMSLPCH DPNPC. eUMY RTPFYCHOILH HDBMPUSH UVYFSH OBEZP ChPЪDKHYOPZP TBCHEDYUYLB - FTYVKHOBMB OE NYOPCHBFSH. OYLFP OE RPUNPFTYF ABOUT EZP RTPYMSCHE BUMMKHZY OE RTYNEF PE CHOINBOYE VMEUFSEHA RPVEDH CH FPMSHLP YuFP ЪBLPOYUCHIENUS RPEDYOLE U "NEUUETBNY". lBLLPCHB TSE VSHMB TBDPUFSH LPNULB, LLPZDB PO KHCHYDEM OBD BTPPDTPNPN chShchRPMЪPChP ЪBIPDYCHYEZP ABOUT RPUBDHLH fH2. RPTSE CHSHCHSUOYMPUSH, YuFP CHPDHYOSCHK TBCHEDYUYL OE UFBM DPTSYDBFSHUS, LPZDB YUFTEVYFEMY UPRTPCHPTSDEOOYS BLPOYUBF VPK, PDO RTPYYEM RP OBNEYUEOOOPNH NBTYTHFH Y UDEMBM CHUE, YuFP FTEVPCHBMPUSH.

pDOBLP HDBYUB OE UNSZYUMB ZOECHB ZEOETBMB lPODTBFALB. BY RTYLBYBM LPNBODYTH DYCHYYYYCHBOPCHH UFTPZP OBLBBBFSH OE FPMSHLP LYUMSLPCHB, OP Y CHUEI MEFUYLPCH EZP ZTKHRRSCH.

noe FPCE FPZDB VSHMP UDEMBOP UBNEYUBOYE. OP RPFPN, RPPUFSHCHCH, LPNBODHAEIK UNYMPUFYCHYMUS L YUFTEVYFEMSN UPRTPCHPTSDEOOYS. CHUE-FBLY ЪBDBOYE CHPЪDKHOOSCHK TBCHEDYUYL CHSHPRMOYM, B CH BLFYCHE OBEK BTNYY RPSCHYMPUSH EEE YUEFSHTE UVYFSHCHI CHTBTSEULYI UBNPMEFB. l FPNKH CE FTY OENEGLYI MEFUYLB VSHMY CHЪSFSCH CH RMEO. What about RMPIP?

yueteb DCHB DOS lPODTBFAL RPUMBM Ch RPML p.

UPVETYFE MEFYUYLPCH ULBDTYMSHY, UDEMBKFE YN UPPFCHEFUFCHHAEE CHOKHYEOYE Y RETEDBKFE: OBLBBOYE PFNEOSEPHUS. chFPTPE: DBKFE ЪBDBOYE LYUMSLPCHH, rBUSHLP, mpTEOGKH, VETPDOPNH Y NHIYOKH, YUFPVSH POY OBRYUBMY P RTPchedEOOPN ChP'DKHYOPN VPE CH ZBJEFKH.

dPChPMSHOSCHK hShCHPMPLYO PF DKHYY TBUUNESMUS:

FPCHBTYE LPNBODHAEIK! dB LFP CE VHDEF DMS OYI UBNPE FSTSLPE OBLBBBOIE. CHCH CE OBEFFE, LBL OE MAVSF MEFUILY P UEVE RYUBFSH.

OYUEZP, OYUEZP, - UFPSM ABOUT UCHPEN lPODTBFAL. - hNEMY OENGECH RPVEDIFSH - UKHNEAF Y ABOUT VKHNBZE YЪMPTSYFSH. yI PRSHCHF DTHZYN RTYZPDYFUS. b tPDYPOPCHH RETEDBKFE: lYUMSLPCHB Y EZP FPCHBTYEEK RTEDUFBCHYFSH L OBZTBDBN.

yЪCHEUFOBS RPFEUUB n. bMYZET, OBIPDIYCHYBSUS CH FP CHTENS X OBU, RPUCHSFYMB ZETPSN UCHPE UFYIPFCHPTEOYE. pOP VSHMP PRHVMYLPCHBOP CH OBEK BTNEKULPK ZBJEFE "UPLPM tPDYOSCH".

rPZPDPK NPTPЪOPK Y CHSHATSOPK
dPTPZPK UCHPEK ZPMHVPK )