Space architecture by Zaha Hadid. Zaha Hadid: architecture

Zaha Hadid is the grande dame of modern architecture. She did not immediately achieve recognition and a worthy place in this almost exclusively male profession, but she impressed with her soft lines, a new approach to organizing space... some special female perspective on futuristic architecture. It stands firmly on the ground and, despite all the fantastic solutions, it is distinguished by a thoughtful, practical approach.

For a football stadium in Qatar (construction is scheduled for 2022), where the concrete will only gain strength over time, she offers one solution, but for the Riverside Transport Museum in Glasgow, where it still gets quite cold, she offers a completely different one. There, the broken lines of the facade, however, are adjusted to take into account the snow load.

The Dominion Tower business center in Moscow initially fits into the surrounding industrial “gray buildings”, carefully checking with the “bird” and existing structures, since for an architectural grande dame the main thing is important: that the architecture not only meets the requirements of customers and, sometimes, their unhealthy ambitions , but also made people’s lives a little better. And when it is possible, it will look like a fairy tale.

In our country, of course, it is more customary to indulge ambitions, forgetting about the people around us... But that’s why there are such truly outstanding personalities as Zaha Hadid.

Zaha Hadid (Arabic: زها حديد‎; English: Zaha Mohammad Hadid) is considered one of the most original, unusual and most successful modern architects in the world, called “the modern Gaudi.” She is considered a real genius, and her buildings and structures of the most unusual shapes are located in many countries around the world and still continue to be built according to the crazy plans of a talented creator.

Dame Zaha Mohammad Hadid was born on October 31, 1950 in Baghdad, Iraq. Iraq had formally been freed from British rule for twenty years, but the country was still heavily influenced by Western culture. World-famous architects came to Baghdad; museums and universities were built according to their designs. Zaha's father received a good European education at the London School of Economics, and upon returning home he became one of the founders of the People's Democratic Party, which advocated the modernization of Iraq. Being a successful entrepreneur, he was able to give his children everything they needed to raise free-thinking, extraordinary individuals in them. Thanks to his love and support, Zakha was able to realize herself, ascending to the top of the architectural Olympus and taking a place there that corresponded to her talent, hard work and determination.

Zaha Hadid never wore a burqa and, unlike the rest of the country's population, had the opportunity to travel freely around the world.

There are several versions of why Zaha decided to become an architect. Most likely, this decision matured in her gradually. In one of her many interviews, she told how her parents once took her with them on a walk to the ancient Sumerian ruins, and, impressed by what they had seen, she decided that she herself would build amazing, unlike anything else houses. In another interview, Zaha recalled how she saw photographs from an exhibition of Frank Lloyd Wright's works in a magazine and asked her parents what the people who build houses were called. The parents replied that such people are called architects, and Zaha said that she wanted to become an architect. However, at such a young age she had not yet decided on her future profession and wanted to become a singer, fashion designer or even an astronaut. The final decision came to her at the age of 11 in London. Since then, her whole life has been subordinated to a passionate desire to embody her fantasies in concrete.

Having received her primary education at a French convent school in Baghdad, Zaha left Iraq in 1968 (her return to her homeland dragged on for more than forty years). She travels to Lebanon, where she studies mathematics at the American University of Beirut.

From 1972 to 1977 she studied at the Architectural Association in London. Having started her career in the OMA bureau of her teacher, the prominent Dutch architect and deconstructivist theorist Rem Koolhaas, in 1980 Zaha Hadid founded her own architectural firm, Zaha Hadid Architects.

He currently resides in Britain and is considered both an Arab and British architect. She holds the title of Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire. The style of her works refers to deconstructivism. A native of Baghdad, Zaha Hadid has become the most famous woman in the architectural environment of Europe and the whole world.

She changed the idea of ​​lines and the organization of space, and although success came to her rather late, Zaha managed to conquer her opponents and introduce new trends into architecture.

Aquatics Centre, London, UK (2005 - 2011)

Deconstructivism is a striking contrast to the polished and carefully planned constructivism. We can say that deconstructivism is surrealism in architecture. Often these are very complex shapes of objects with broken and irregular lines. Also, this style is characterized by an invasion of the urban area in the most aggressive way, that is, among ordinary residential buildings, a building made of glass rises, or among smooth skyscrapers, a low and crooked house suddenly appears, which looks like a lump of crumpled paper, and so on, and this is located in such unexpected In places, it seems that this was not the plan of the builders, but the building fell here accidentally and completely by accident.

Zaha Hadid has become one of the most prominent figures in modern architecture. She became Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 2012. In 2004, she became the first female architect in history to be awarded the Pritzker Prize, which is equal in value to the Nobel Prize or Pulitzer Prize. Zaha Hadid was awarded in St. Petersburg, in the Hermitage building. The architect received both awards when she was already over 50. Her path to fame was long and difficult.

Having received her diploma, Zaha began working in the OMA bureau under the guidance of the same Rem Koolhaas, and three years later she founded her own firm, Zaha Hadid Architects, while continuing to teach at the Architectural Association. There are few orders. Clients are frightened by her unusual approach and capricious character, but Zaha never tires of repeating that architecture is not a service discipline, but a formative one. She stubbornly continues to forge her own path, no matter the cost. In 1983, her country club project won a competition in Hong Kong, but it remained unrealized. From this moment on, Zaha turns into a “paper architect” for many years. Her work is admired, she receives many awards, but she cannot build anything. The company deals with small orders, and they say about Zaha that her projects are, in principle, impossible to implement.

Since early, almost adolescence, Zaha Hadid has been constantly fantasizing and working on many projects: both commissioned and on personal initiative. Over the years, she offers options for building an inhabited bridge over the Thames (1966), an inverted skyscraper for the English city of Leicester (1994) and a club on a mountaintop in Hong Kong (1983). Designs the Opera House in Cardiff (1994), Contemporary Art Centers in Ohio (1988) and Rome (1999) ... These and other projects brought her victory in prestigious architectural competitions (the first was won in 1983 in Hong Kong), interest, and then popularity among professionals, but remain on paper. Largely due to the unwillingness of customers to accept its non-standard and original design.

Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

The situation changed unexpectedly when the famous Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao was built in 1997, based on a design by Frank Gehry. Having gained strength, deconstructivism came into fashion. Zaha was again paid attention to, and she received an order to build the Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, which itself turns into a work of art, and two years later, according to her project, the construction of a ski jump in Innsbruck begins.

Zaha proves in practice that her fantastic ideas can be made real. Gradually she becomes a sought-after architect. Her policy of creative self-expression, which prevails over the principles of ergonomics and functionality, but does not suppress them, is beginning to bear its first fruits.

She begins the construction of the Phaeno science center and the central building of the BMW plant (both in Germany), her projects win competitions and do not leave the pages of architectural magazines. Zaha continues to teach and travels to give lectures all over the world, always attracting full audiences.

According to Hadid herself, a surge of interest in her work began after the building of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao was built (in 1997), designed by Frank Gehry. And after participating in the construction of the Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, USA, which opened in 2003, Zaha Hadid’s ideas became truly in demand.

Fire department of the Vitra furniture company, Weil am Rhein, Germany (1990 - 1994)

The dark streak that lasted a whole decade ends in 1990, when Zaha receives an order to build a fire station for the designer furniture manufacturer Virta.

This unusual building, similar to a bomber, became an event in the architectural world and made people talk about Zacha as a master of the deconstructivism movement that emerged in the late 80s.

The station is an acute-angled concrete structure that seems to grow out of the ground. The entire structure symbolizes the dynamics with which firefighters have to work.

The fire station of the furniture company Vitra, reminiscent of the Stealth bomber (1993), becomes one of its first designs.

But the fire department and occasional work in collective projects are very little for a full-fledged career in architecture.

Soon Zaha wins the competition for the construction of the Opera House in Cardiff Bay (UK), but under pressure from a dissatisfied public, the customer cancels the results of the competition and appoints a new one, in which Zaha again wins, beating a total of 268 competitors.

Then the customer abandoned the project altogether, and the long-awaited triumph turned into a disaster for Zaha. Her career had reached a low point. There was practically no work, but Zakha did not give up. She decided to go all the way. Gradually, recognition comes to Zaha Hadid.

Cincinnati Contemporary Art Center, USA (1997 - 2003)

In 1997, she was offered her first real commission - a project for the Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art. This building in Cincinnati was built between 1997 and 2003. It was for the project of the Center for Contemporary Art that Ms. Hadid was awarded the Pritzker Prize, and became the first female architect in history to receive this high award.

The appearance of the building displays Ms. Hadid’s characteristic manner of “cutting” space, creating multi-tiered and acute-angled volumes. The facade of the first floor is completely glazed; thanks to this, the concrete floor turns into an extension of the sidewalk. The massive blocks of the upper floors, lined with concrete and metal, seem to be suspended in the air.

The architect has always tried to destroy generally accepted canons and “stretch” the boundaries of the usual space, giving it a powerful dynamic impulse. For the same purpose - to enhance internal movement and deformation - Zaha Hadid, completely rejecting generally accepted geometry, uses a distorted perspective that reveals sharp angles and curved lines.

In addition to purely architectural work with large forms, Zaha Hadid willingly experiments in the installation genre, and also creates theatrical scenery, exhibition and stage spaces, interiors, shoes, paintings and drawings. Here she hones new forms in conditions of complete compositional freedom or, on the contrary, in conditions of tough tasks. Her small works are in many museum collections, such as MoMA, the German Architecture Museum in Frankfurt am Main (DAM) and others. She also gives lectures and organizes master classes all over the world, each time attracting full audiences.

Zaha is the author of several experimental furniture collections. In 1990, she designed the interior of the Moonjun restaurant in Sapporo (Japan), and in 1992, the exhibition “The Great Utopia” at the Guggenheim Museum in New York. In 1999, she was entrusted with the design of the Mind Zone under the Millennium Dome in London.

Her most famous works in the field of furniture design are the Chandelier Vortexx lamp and the Cristal chair, made for Sawaya & Moroni (Sawaya and MoroniB), as well as the design of furniture and silverware, made for the same company. In 2005, she was elected designer of the year at the first design exhibition Design Miami.

Lamp designed by Zaha Hadid for Sawaya & Moroni	Bag by Zaha Hadid for Louis Vuitton
Liquid table	Sofa by Zaha Hadid for B&B

Zaha Hadid creates installations, creates theatrical scenery, experimental furniture, shoe design, paints paintings, and designs interiors. In addition to the famous lamp of her design for Sawaya & Moroni, she designs shoes for Lacoste and the Brazilian company Melissa (2008), and carries out a project for an ideal home, presented at Imm Cologne 2007 (Cologne, Germany). In 1999-2000 She is the one who designed the design for the Pet Shop Boys world tour.

Design comes to the rescue in the absence of large significant projects. Only in 2001 did Zaha design the Hoenheim-North train station and car park in Strasbourg (France), and in 2002 the Bergisel ski jump in Innsbruck (Austria).

In May 2004, an event occurred that many were waiting for, but few believed in the possibility of. Zaha Hadid becomes the first woman to receive the Pritzker Prize, the most prestigious in the world of architecture. From that moment on, her life changes for the better. Critics no longer call her work crazy and unrealistic, realizing that her unique view will have a great influence on the development of architecture in the 21st century.

From now on, Zaha herself determines the rules of the game, and her amazing original buildings begin to gradually change the face of the world in which we live. Her style also changes. Zaha moves away from “classical” deconstructivism, more smooth lines and organic forms appear in her works. Zaha Hadid is emerging as one of the most influential architects of the new century.

BMW plant headquarters Leipzig, Germany (2001 - 2005)

In 2005, the central BMW building was recognized as the best building of the year in Germany according to the Federal Chamber of Architects. Zaha literally revolutionized ideas about organizing a workspace. In her proposed project, the conveyor belt with cars passing along it was located above the administration premises, and not vice versa, as had been the case until now.

That same year, Zaha was chosen as Designer of the Year at the inaugural Design Miami exhibition. Zaha developed an interest in design as a child. In one interview, she tells how her parents bought an asymmetrical mirror in the Art Nouveau style for her room. Zaha was so impressed that she immediately redecorated her entire room, and then the rooms of her cousin and aunt, remembering how she created an amazing interior for a restaurant in Sapporo in the late 80s.

Later, she enjoyed designing furniture and interiors, creating theater sets and stage spaces.

In 2005, she developed the design for the Hotel Puerto America, each of the twelve floors of which was designed by one architect. In addition to Zaha, Norman Foster, Ron Arod, Jacques Nouvel, Catherine Findlay and others participated in the project. The hotel has received many awards and has become one of the landmarks of Madrid.

In 2006, a solo exhibition was held at the Guggenheim Museum in New York, dedicated to the thirtieth anniversary of Zaha Hadid’s career. A significant part of the projects presented there no longer existed only on paper, but were actually being built all over the world.

Phaeno Natural Science Museum, Wolfsburg, Germany (2000 - 2005)

The Phaeno Museum of Natural Sciences in Wolfsburg was included in the list of the best architectural structures of 2006 and was awarded the Mies Van der Rohe and Stirling prizes. Zaha calls this project one of her favorites: “Phaeno is the most complete presentation of my search for complexity, dynamics, multi-layered architectural space.”

The museum resembles a spaceship floating in the air in defiance of all the laws of gravity, and Zaha herself is sometimes called an “alien” and even a “witch.” People who met her personally say that photographs do not convey her demonic beauty and spiritual power at all.

She, like all talented people, has many enemies, but even her most implacable opponents admit that many of Zaha’s works are truly magnificent. Thirty years ago, hardly anyone would have dared to say this about a female architect, but Zaha has radically changed the situation.

In 2010, the Pritzker Prize was again awarded to a woman - Japanese Kazuo Sejima. Today this no longer surprises anyone and does not cause such a stir as in the case of Zaha, because she was a pioneer.

Zakha has visited Russia several times. On May 31, 2004, the ceremony of awarding Zaha Hadid the Pritzker Prize took place in the building of the Hermitage Theater (St. Petersburg). Also in 2004, Hadid gave a keynote lecture at the Moscow Central House of Architects (CDA). A year later (in 2005), Zaha Hadid gave a master class as part of the ARCH-Moscow exhibition.

Hadid is a member of the International Trustee Committee for the creation of the Melnikov House Museum in Moscow. Even at the beginning of her dizzying career, Zaha set herself the task of continuing the unfinished project of modernism in the experimental spirit of the early avant-garde.

Tectonics by Malevich

She was attracted to the Russian avant-garde artists by the spirit of courage, risk, innovation, desire for everything new and faith in the power of invention. Even during the period of Zaha, he was passionately interested in the Russian avant-garde and in particular the work of the great Russian artist Kazimir Malevich. Many years later she will say that she dreams of hanging “Black Square” in her living room. Zaha’s thesis was called “Malevich’s Tectonics” and was a project for an inhabited bridge over the Thames. Zaha took an original approach to her work, abandoning projections and using painting as a design method. She doesn’t like that modern students can hardly draw, preferring to use a computer. Zakha was taught the basics of painting by her mother, and for each of her projects she makes several hundred sketches, from which a new architectural masterpiece is then born.

From the fragmentary architecture of her early projects, created under the influence of the works of Malevich and Kandinsky, she gradually moved to complex fluid forms in which the organic principle is increasingly manifested. Architecture has again become an art, giving birth to new amazing worlds. Freeing himself from the oppression of habitual forms, a person learns to create his own routes in space and learns to think outward, and not inward. For Zaha, creativity is a way of understanding and shaping the world.

In an era when religions and philosophies are powerless in the face of the global problems of the 21st century, architecture comes to the fore as an art that can unite people and change their attitude towards each other. The future is coming today, and its shape will be determined by such talented and active people as Zaha Hadid.

Boat Z-Boat
Shoes by Zaha Hadid for Lacoste	Shoes by Zaha Hadid for Melissa

Cultural Center, Abu Dhabi, UAE (2007 - ?)

Zaha builds not only in Europe, Asia and the USA. Her architectural projects are also in demand in the Middle East. Her work for this challenging region includes the Sheikh Said Cultural Center and Bridge in Abu Dhabi, the Museum of Contemporary Art in Bahrain, the Dancing Towers in Dubai and office buildings in Egypt. Due to current circumstances, Zaha cannot return to her homeland yet, but she admits that she was happy to build something in Baghdad.

“I think that first of all it is necessary to restore not even the city and its infrastructure, although this is also necessary, but civil society. - she says in an interview with Itogi magazine, - What lasted for fifteen years simply completely destroyed it, I know stories about how people were forced to sell their children to buy food. We should, of course, take advantage of the experience of architects to think about and understand what to do with destroyed cities. Baghdad was an amazing city, just like Beirut once was..."

However, the situation may change. It recently became known that the Iraqi government has invited Zaha to design a new building for the Central Bank of Iraq. If circumstances go well, this project will be the first for her home country.

In May 2010, the National Museum of 21st Century Art opened in Rome. Construction cost 150 million euros and at that time was the largest building of all designed by Zacha. In the same year, this museum received the Stirling Prize (Great Britain) for the best architectural design and was named the best building of the year (according to WAF).

In addition to exhibition halls, the Museum is equipped with a conference room, a library, workshops and event spaces. Two divisions - painting and architecture - collect, study and popularize contemporary art.

The Romans nicknamed the building "pasta". The spiral-shaped concrete structure with an area of ​​27 thousand square meters cost the authorities 150 million euros. The building was based on the Montello barracks complex: the classical façade of the barracks houses the main entrance to the museum.

National Museum of 21st Century Art, Rome, Italy (1998 - 2009)

2010 generally became one of the most successful years for Zaha Hadid. Her company has orders for the next decade; about twenty projects are already under construction around the world. In 2011, it is planned to open the Opera House in Guangzhou, and in time for the 2012 Summer Olympic Games in London, the construction of a sports complex for water sports will be completed. The days when its buildings were not wanted to be built in the UK are long gone. Zaha lost the Battle of Cardiff, but won the war in the capital of her second homeland - Great Britain.

She works a lot and successfully, including in Russia, where she is involved in several projects, including a private house in Barvikha, the Zhivopisnaya Tower residential complex and an office building. In 2005, the Capital Group company announced its cooperation with Hadid in the design of the Zhivopisnaya Tower residential complex on Zhivopisnaya Street in Moscow.

In 2012, in the Moscow region, in the area of ​​Rublevo-Uspenskoe highway, a futuristic mansion was built according to the design of Zaha Hadid, the customer of which was Russian businessman Vladislav Doronin. A house called Capital Hill Residence is designed in the shape of a spaceship and was built in the village of Barvikha.

Private mansion in Barvikha, Russia

The mansion is made in eco-style - a mixture of modern technologies with natural forms and is located away from neighboring buildings in the middle of a pine forest. Its area is 2,650 square meters. The two 22-meter towers house bedrooms and children's rooms. In the basement there is a Finnish sauna, hammam, Russian bath, fitness room and guest room.

Interestingly, the master bedrooms will be located at the top of the 22-meter tower, as will the children's rooms. The tower, like the stern of a ship, rises above the house, from which a wonderful view of the pine forest opens.

In 2015, in Moscow, in the Dubrovka area, it is planned to open the Dominion Tower business center, built according to the project of “Zaha Hadid Architects” in Zaha’s unchanged architectural style - in the avant-garde style (the main construction was completed in 2014).

Dominion Tower Business Center

Zaha herself speaks about her work like this:

“I try to convey the emotions that a person experiences when he finds himself in the wild, in an unfamiliar, unexplored place. Understanding nature has nothing to do with a linear coordinate system... I'm interested in creating a space where you have a choice of coordinate system. When you find yourself in the wild, you don't have a set route, and you discover places and things you weren't looking to discover. Sometimes you feel lost, but this only emphasizes that there are other ways. Many people are uncomfortable with this approach because people in general don't like to have their ideas of right and wrong questioned. On the contrary, what I like most is changing my opinions. This is precisely the reason why people travel, see the world, and experiment. And it really surprises me how committed people are to one way of being. This needs to be changed, and it needs to be changed constantly.”

Now let's look at the most famous projects and structures of Dame Zaha Hadid. That is, all her best projects that have already been implemented, and those that will soon become a reality.

Guangzhou Opera House, China (2003 - 2010)

Guangzhou Opera House – is considered one of the largest theaters in China and is practically in no way inferior to the Beijing National Theater and the Shanghai Grand Theater. It is the largest performing arts center in southern China.

The theater in Guangzhou has been in operation for 4 years. It took five years to build, spending more than $200 million on construction. They say that the architect admitted that her work was inspired by extraordinary images taken from the field of topography and geology. It is no coincidence that the design has broken lines, which partly resemble river valleys, narrow gorges, and inaccessible canyons.

The main hall of the theater can accommodate 1800 people. The Guangzhou Opera House also has a small hall for 400 people. The theater and multifunctional hall covers an area of ​​70,000 m2 and is built of concrete, glass and steel. The architectural structure of the building is divided into triangles. Zaha Hadid created the project together with Patrick Schumacher.

Living Stones (Pierresvives) in Montpellier, France. Center for knowledge and sports for everyone
The building, named "Living Stones", houses the archives, library and sports department of the Hérault department, in which Montpellier is located. Hadid planned to create a kind of tree whose branches develop in a horizontal direction. The institutions were located accordingly: the archive, which requires a minimum number of windows, is on the ground floor; library - on the second; and at the top are the offices of sports officials. The common feature is a long lobby with exhibition space.

Sharp corners are softened and rounded this time; concrete and glass seem to flow along the facades. The shapes of the building are repeated in the outlines of the parking lot.

“Pleated” Eli and Edith Broad Museum of Art. Lansing, USA

The museum is located on the outskirts of the University of Michigan campus. When designing the building, Zaha Hadid was inspired by the central part of the campus, built in the brick neo-Gothic style, as well as the lines of the highways passing by. The result was an elongated structure clad in stainless steel. The metal is collected in deep “folds”. Since many people want to touch the unusual building, the steel was treated with special compounds to prevent excessive shine and fingerprints.

The museum covers an area of ​​4273 sq.m. The exhibitions are located on both ground and underground floors; There was also room for a store, a café and an educational wing.

Galaxy Soho complex in Beijing, China
The Galaxy Soho shopping and entertainment center has recently opened. Its area is 332,857 sq.m., height is 67 m. Four egg-shaped buildings are connected to each other by numerous “suspended bridges”, all together reminiscent of a scene from a science fiction film. It seems, according to Ms. Hadid, the future has already arrived!

Three above-ground floors and one underground are intended for trade; The 12 upper floors house offices. Under the roofs there are bars and restaurants with panoramic views of the city. The two-tier underground parking can accommodate 1,275 cars. The base of the building is a standard concrete load-bearing structure with a span of 8.4 m. The height of the lower floors is 5.4 m, in the office part – 3.5 m.

Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center in Baku, Azerbaijan

A cultural center designed by Zaha Hadid was recently built in Azerbaijan. There is a museum, a library, a conference hall, and a hall for special events. The outline of the building resembles waves or folds formed from concrete; Numerous windows are hidden in the folds. According to Hadid, such a number of glazed surfaces both inside and on the facades will save on lighting.

Built in 2013, the Heydar Aliyev Center is a modern cultural center that has become a new symbol of Baku and all of Azerbaijan. It is a complex structure that includes an auditorium, museum, concert hall, exhibition halls and administrative offices.

The real highlight of the building is the round-shaped concert hall, designed for 2000 seats. The hall is made entirely of wood; this material allows for ideal acoustics.

Sheikh Zayed Bridge in Abu Dhabi, UAE

The fourth bridge, connecting the island emirate of Abu Dhabi with the mainland, was designed by the architectural studio of Zaha Hadid. The 842 m long openwork structure is considered one of the most intricate bridges in the world. There is multi-lane traffic here, there is a pedestrian path and an emergency lane. The asymmetrical arches of the bridge resemble sand dunes in the desert. The design easily withstands wind gusts of up to 160 km/h. The bridge was opened 8 years after the start of its construction, in 2010.

Riverside Transport Museum in Glasgow

The Riverside Transport Museum in Glasgow is a completed project. The museum was originally planned to open in 2009, but construction was suspended due to the crisis, and seven years passed from the start of construction to the opening. But it was worth it. Football Stadium 2022, Qatar

The stadium in the port city of Al Wakrah will be part of a grand development covering an area of ​​585,000 square meters. Its capacity is 40,000 spectators, while the upper tier of the stadium will be removable, which will reduce the capacity by half after the end of the championship.

Golden metro station in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

The female architect, whose name is Zaha Hadid, is considered one of the most original, unusual and most successful modern architects in the world. You could say that Zaha Hadid is a modern Gaudi. This author is called a real genius, and her buildings and structures of the most unusual shapes are located in many countries of the world and still continue to be built according to the crazy plans of a talented creator.

Zaha Hadid - Arab architect, born in 1950 in Baghdad. He currently resides in Britain and is considered both an Arab and British architect. She holds the title of Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire. The style of her works refers to deconstructivism. Deconstructivism is a striking contrast to the polished and carefully planned constructivism. We can say that deconstructivism is surrealism in architecture. Often these are very complex shapes of objects with broken and irregular lines. Also, this style is characterized by an invasion of the urban area in the most aggressive way, that is, among ordinary residential buildings, a building made of glass rises, or among the flat buildings, a low and crooked house suddenly appears, which looks like a lump of crumpled paper, and so on, and it is located in such unexpected places What seems to be is not the plan of the builders, but the building fell here accidentally and completely by accident. Zaha Hadid is a real talent. She became one of the most prominent figures in the style described above. Her homes and buildings are so highly regarded that in 2004 she received the Pritzker Prize, which is equal in value to the Nobel Prize or Pulitzer Prize. Zaha Hadid was awarded in St. Petersburg, in the Hermitage building.

As already mentioned, its buildings and structures are located in different countries of the world, including Russia: a futuristic mansion on Rublevo-Uspenskoye Highway in Moscow, the Dominion Tower business center in Moscow in the Dubrovka area and others. In addition, her small works are in museums such as the German DAM Museum, etc. Zaha Hadid works with installations, creates theatrical scenery, experimental furniture, shoe design, paints, and does interior design.

Zaha Hadid

40-storey hotel in Macau, China

Opus Office Tower in Abu Dhabi, UAE

Residential building in Manhattan, USA

Golden metro station in Riyadh

Changsha International Center for Culture and Art in China

Multipurpose complex Beko Masterplan in Belgrade

Riverside Transport Museum in Glasgow

Skyscrapers Signature Towers in Dubai, UAE

Tokyo Olympic Stadium 2020, Japan

Burnham Pavilions in Chicago, USA

March 31, 2016, world famous architect Zaha Hadid died at the age of 65. She was born in Baghdad in 1950. She studied mathematics before joining the London Architectural Association in 1972. By 1979, she founded the studio Zaha Hadid Architects, and began to move towards worldwide fame. Working with partner Patrik Schumacher, the studio used a range of innovative technologies that often resulted in unexpected and dynamic architectural forms.

Below are thoughts expressed by Zaha Hadid in interviews over the years.

What initially motivated you to study architecture and contribute to your desire to become an architect, and what specific moments in your personal history and upbringing shaped your design principles and philosophy? For example, you mentioned Kazimir Malevich as the person who had the greatest artistic influence on your work. How and to what extent do other creative fields continue to inform your architecture?

ZH: Even as a little girl, I wanted to be an architect. My earliest memories of architecture are when I was 6 or 7 years old, when my aunt was building a new house in Mosul in northern Iraq. The architect was a close friend of my father, and he used to come to our house with drawings and models. I remember seeing one model in our living room and I think it turned on something in me as I was completely intrigued by it.

From my early days at the architectural association, I was always interested in the concept of fragmentation and the ideas of abstraction and explosion, where we analyzed the ideas of repetition and mass production. My work was first associated with the early Russian avant-garde, the paintings of Moholy-Nagy, the "prouns" sculptures of El Lissitzky and Naum Gabo, but especially the work of Kazimir Malevich - he influenced me early on as a representative of the modern avant-garde intersection between art and design. Malevich discovered abstraction as an experimental principle that could propel creative work to previously unheard of levels of invention; this abstract work allowed for significantly higher levels of creativity.

Today, our collaborations with other creative fields give us the opportunity to express our ideas through different lenses and in many mediums. We see this as part of a long process of ongoing design learning. It's a two-way process - we use architectural research and an experimental approach to design, but we also learn greatly through collaboration with others who are leaders in their field. Great design will always benefit from contributions from others. Of course, now the boundaries between art, architecture and fashion are blurred - the disciplines mutually enrich each other much more, but this is not about competition, this is about collaboration and what such practices and process can give each other.

You work on different levels, from chairs and tables to skyscrapers. Do you have a unified approach that can be used to characterize your work? In your work you often use new types of technologies and materials, to what extent does progress give you the opportunity to fully realize your creative vision?

ZH: In terms of form, all projects are equally interesting to me, although, of course, the scale and process differ significantly from each other. An idea for a building can come about as quickly as an idea for an object, but when it comes to the process, there are many differences. They all start with one thing; all projects are somehow interconnected. The perception of architecture is different here because it is a more immersive experience - it's about how a person places themselves in a space, whereas fashion is about how you place an object on a person.

In fact, our projects become more complex when we see new opportunities created by technology in other areas. There is a strong inverse relationship where our more forward-looking design vision drives the continuous development of new digital and fabrication technologies, and these new developments in turn inspire us to push the design environment even further. The current state of architecture and design requires a broadly collaborative and exploratory attitude, and we continue to explore and develop new technologies.

Describe your style the way a good friend might describe it.

ZH: Virtuoso of elegance. Personal investigation, research, it is loaded with so many ideas that it is impossible to single out one of them, there is no one official composition. Two years ago, I focused on one apartment to see how many options I could come up with in a given space with the same parameters. I've worked on this repeatedly for days on end, and you can see there are probably seven hundred options for one space. This exercise gives you an idea of ​​the extent to which you can interpret the organization of space; it is not infinite, but it is very large. Imagine if you multiply it by the scale of a larger space, and then on the scale of a city. It's like a pianist who practices constantly, the same degree of intensity. This increases the content immensely; it becomes simply unpredictable. Some people really live and work within the same doctrine, the same blueprint with the same logic. We make a lot of drawings to start with, and that's why we have a lot of content.

Author: Photo from Doublespace website

Can you describe the evolution of your work?

ZH: There are some very similar points in the early works, where the main emphasis was on drawing, abstraction and fragmentation. He then moved on to developing ideas. Later this all became what architecture should be and what is a more fluid organization. It was no longer so much “change” as “development”.

Author: Helene Binet

Which of your projects brought you the most pleasure?

ZH:"Peak Project" (vacation club in China) because it was a very important trip for me. In general, there are many of them, and each time you make some kind of discovery... I can’t even say for sure, because different projects give different satisfaction. The BMW Center in Leipzig and the Science Center in Wolfsburg were very interesting projects. I just visited the center of contemporary art in Rome, which broadcasts many ideas that I dream of realizing.

Who would you like to design something for?

ZH: It would be very interesting to design objects for everyday life, something that would be a conduit for communicating ideas to society. The products have a practical finished form, which cannot be said about architecture. I've also always been interested in combining architecture with social issues, and I actually think you can invest and innovate in hospitals and residential buildings.

Do you discuss your work with other designers or architects?

ZH: In the office, of course, with other designers... I don't like to talk a lot about myself. We discuss my friends' ideas.

Where do you usually work on your projects?

ZH: Everywhere. I don't use a computer. I sketch, very quickly, and often make over 100 of them in the same formal study.

What is the best moment of the day for you?

ZH: It's usually very late at night...if I'm in London it might be different than other places.

What music are you listening to now?

ZH: Classic.

Do you read design and architecture magazines?

ZH: We have a lot of these magazines in our office, but we don't usually read them.

Where do you get the news?

ZH: From newspapers.

Are there any wardrobe items that you try not to wear?

Zaha Mohammad Hadid is an Iraqi-born architect who lived and worked in the UK. The world's first female Pritzker Prize winner.

Zaha was born on October 31, 1950 in the capital of Iraq in the family of Muhammad al-Hajj Hussein Hadid, the organizer of the National Democratic Party. The girl's mother, Wajiha al-Sabunji, was from Mosul and was a painter. Parents led a bourgeois lifestyle.

Since childhood, Zaha has shown an interest in fine arts and architecture. The girl constantly fantasized and created building designs out of paper. By the age of 22, Zaha Hadid graduated from the Faculty of Mathematics of the American University in Beirut and went to London, where she became a student at the Association of Architects School of Architecture. The girl enrolled in a course with masters Rem Koolhaas and Elia Zenghelis. While studying in the UK, Zaha became closely acquainted with the work of Kazimir Malevich and Russian architects of the early 20th century.

Architecture

Avant-garde becomes Hadid’s favorite art direction, the student begins to implement the ideas of the direction in her work. Rem Koolhaas, a Dutch architect and deconstructivist theorist, highly appreciated Zaha's talent and considered the girl the best student who had ever studied with him. Zaha's first known work was the design of a habitable bridge over the Thames, which she developed in 1976.

In 1977, after graduating from school, Zaha Hadid became an employee of the OMA Koolhaas bureau, from where she left two years later. In 1979, Zaha Hadid's independent project Zaha Hadid Architects appeared. Along with fulfilling orders, Zaha begins teaching at the Architectural Association, where she worked until 1987. Hadid does not undertake the development of standard buildings; she is interested in large iconic objects. Therefore, Zaha mainly creates projects on paper and participates in competitions.

The architect's first victory in an international competition was the project of the Peak club, which Zaha created for a client from Hong Kong, but the construction was not carried out due to the bankruptcy of the client. In 1994, as a result of Zaha Hadid's next victory in Great Britain for the best project of an opera house in Cardiff, a scandal erupted: the public put strong pressure on the developer, forcing him to abandon the avant-garde project of the young Arab woman.

Another striking work of this year is the development of an inverted skyscraper for the English city of Leicester, which also was not realized. The first project to be implemented was the Vitra fire station project in Weil am Rhein. A significant event occurred in 1993. But many of Hadid’s projects still remained on paper, which did not stop Zaha. The architect was so passionate about her favorite work that she often slept 4 hours a day.

In 1997, after the construction of the Guggenheim museum complex in Bilbao, interest in the ideas of Zaha Hadid began. In 1998-1999, the architect built two Arts Centers in the USA, Ohio, and Rome. Buildings built according to the designs of the Iraqi architect become landmarks of the area. The name of Zaha Hadid finally became known to the international community after participating in the development of the project for the Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, USA, the construction of which was completed in 2003.

In addition to working with large forms, Zaha Hadid experiments with interior objects, theater scenery, and museum exhibition space. The designer creates shoe models for Lacoste and the Brazilian company Melissa. Hadid excels in designing furniture collections. The designer's experimental works are sold under the Sawaya & Moroni brand.

In 2005, Zaha's achievements in design were awarded first prize at the Design Miami world fair. Collections of small forms end up in the Museum of Modern Art in Manhattan and the German Museum of Architecture in Frankfurt am Main. Zaha Hadid lectures on architecture and art around the world.

Work in Russia

On May 31, 2004, a significant event took place in the life of Zaha Hadid - the architect was awarded the Pritzker Prize. The award ceremony took place in St. Petersburg, at the Hermitage Theater. From that time on, Hadid's collaboration with Russia began. She repeatedly came to Moscow to give master classes, and in 2005 she collaborated with a group of designers of the Zhivopisnaya Tower residential complex in the Russian capital.

In 2012, Zaha Hadid created a project for a futuristic house for entrepreneur Vladislav Doronin, and three years later - the Peresvet Plaza business center. In 2012, after the opening of the center in Baku, designed by Zaha Hadid, the architect received the British Design Museum award in the Design of the Year category.

Among the master's works, buildings of various functional purposes are of interest: the Science Center in Wolfsburg, the Art Museum in Denmark, the Puerto America Hotel in Spain, the funicular station in Austria, the Water Sports Center in London, the theater project in Morocco, the stadium in Qatar, the building secondary school in London. A significant project of the 2000s for Hahid was the construction of the MAXXI Museum on the outskirts of Rome.

In 2010 and 2011, Zaha Hadid received the James Stirling Prize from the Royal Institute of British Architects. Photos of the architect’s and designer’s works are freely available on the Internet and anyone can see them. Over time, buildings built according to Zaha Hadid's designs become streamlined, completely losing angles and straight lines. The designer moves away from deconstructivism by creating his own style.

Personal life

Personal life could not fit into the creative biography of Zaha Hadid. The architect had no family; Zaha left no heirs.

Hadid considered the projects she constantly worked on to be her own children. The designer lived all her life in a London apartment, which was located not far from the architectural office.

Death

In March 2016, Zaha Hadid went to a Miami clinic for treatment for bronchitis. But on March 31, the architect died suddenly.

Doctors called the cause of death a heart attack. After her death, Hadid left only her architectural business.

Now Zaha Hadid’s business is being handled by her partner in the company, Patrick Schumacher, who decided to complete 36 of the master’s works that remained unfinished. Among the brand’s new orders is the construction of a Business Center in the capital of the Czech Republic and a technology park in the Moscow region.

Projects

• Fire station of the designer furniture manufacturer Vitra, Weil am Rhein, Germany - 1994
• Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA - 1998
• Hoenheim-North station and car park, Strasbourg, France - 2001
• Springboard Bergisel, Innsbruck, Austria - 2002
• Phæno Science Center, Wolfsburg, Germany - 2005
• Ordrupgaard Art Museum: new wing, Copenhagen, Denmark - 2005

• Hotel Puerta America, Madrid, Spain - 2006
• Funicular station, Austria - 2007
• National Museum of 21st Century Art, Rome, Italy - 2010
• CMA CGM Tower, Marseille, France - 2011
• Aquatics Center (London), England - 2011
• Heydar Aliyev Center, Baku, Azerbaijan - 2012
• Business center "Peresvet Plaza", Moscow, Russia - 2015

Interior decor is a great opportunity to create your dream home, embodying your ideas about aesthetics, ergonomics and comfort. By creating decor with our own hands, we put a piece of our own soul into our houses and apartments, making them original and individual. But in order for the resulting interior to look truly harmonious and stylish, inspiration is needed. You will find it on the pages of our website. When choosing the decor of a kitchen or apartment, we often strive to make it as functional as possible. However, many people forget that, for example, the kitchen is not only a place for preparing food, but also a room where the whole family gathers for friendly, warm communication. That's why the kitchen decor photos presented on our website are designed to help you make the right choice. Are there universal criteria by which you should choose the decor of a kitchen or apartment? Of course not. Each apartment, each room is unique, and therefore requires careful study of its characteristics. However, the designers have developed several simple tips for selecting optimal interior solutions: the decor of the apartment must correspond to the spirit of its owner - only in this way can it bring the owner a feeling of peace and pleasure from relaxation; it is necessary to decorate the interior based on the architectural features of the room: you cannot use an abundance of dark elements or stucco in small rooms, as well as decorate impressive rooms with small objects in the Provence style; It is necessary to select materials, decorative items and interior items based on the developed style of the room and fully suit it, otherwise a feeling of dissonance and discomfort will be created. Creating apartment decor is not as easy as it seems. But by browsing through the selection of interior design ideas on our website, you are sure to find something to suit your taste! Creating interior decor with your own hands is not only fashionable, but also very interesting! Take a look at the photo of the interior decor and you will understand what real beauty in hand-made style is. Hand-painted boxes, cabinets and tables, decorated using decoupage, original decorations and accessories for the kitchen and apartment - everything that will help you update your interior at no extra cost, making it bright and memorable! Photos of apartment decor collected on the pages of our website are a treasure trove of unusual ideas for decorating your home. Perhaps there are no more diverse options for transforming rooms than decor. It includes many ways to decorate the interior: painting walls and furniture; stone and forged elements; stained glass; carved decor; decorations made of macrame and hand embroidery; flower arrangements and much more. Decor doesn't have to be expensive. To update, for example, a living room, it is enough to replace the textiles (curtains, rugs, tablecloths), decorate the walls and shelves with a couple of new decorations (paintings and figurines) of a similar style to the textiles, and instead of the usual wooden coffee table, use a funny pouf in a catchy shade - “ alive” and the colorful interior is ready. Decorative elements in the interior occupy a dominant position. The smallest details can radically transform a space. This is why it is so important that the surrounding decor is pleasant and makes you feel comfortable. Look for inspiration, create and have fun with us.