1. The interjection is separated by commas if pronounced without exclamation intonation: Wow, guys, thief! (Kr.); Hey , tie a knot for memory!(Gr.); Alas , I have wasted a lot of my life on various amusements!(P.); A , no time for words now!(G.); Bravo , Faith! Where did you get this wisdom from?(Gonch.); Wow, what passions! (Dahl); Ege , yes, I didn’t end up there at all!(T.); Chu , the cricket behind the stove crackled(S.‑Sh.); « Fathers , crushed,” a woman’s voice was heard(L. T.); Eh , but you never know what Yakov Lukich dreamed about in reality!(Sh.); Ushitsa, by the way , cooked to perfection(Kr.); Life, alas, is not an eternal gift! (P.); No, pipes, your honor! (Ruff.); How I love the sea Oh, how I love the sea!(Ch.); That one there, the average one, wow, is quick at work (Vs., Iv.).
2. If the interjection is pronounced with an exclamatory intonation, then after it is placed exclamation mark. If the interjection is at the beginning of a sentence, then the word following it is written with a capital letter, and if in the middle, then with a lowercase letter: Ugh! Made a mistake... (Gr.); Guard! Catch him, catch him, crush him, crush him(P.); Eh! Yes, as I see, you won’t let me utter a word(G.); “Ugh! Darling!” - the nanny grumbles quietly(Gonch.); A! Was not! (T.); Well, well! Don't give it away, horse! (N.); I am resigning. That's it! I thought about it for five years and finally decided(Ch.); Fathers! What's wrong with your face?(M.G.); Yeah! Hold on, now we will scold you!(Already); And now, ah! for all his love fervor, such an unbearable blow is in store for him(Kr.); I still cannot forget two old men of the last century, whom, Alas! no longer (G.); Marya, you know, is generous and works, wow! angry! (N.)
3. It is necessary to distinguish between interjections and particles that sound the same: a comma is placed after interjections, but not after particles. Wed:
ABOUT, it would be a heavenly life!..(G.)
ABOUT field, field! Who littered you with dead bones?(P.)
Well, let's dance! (Sharp) Well How not to please your loved one!(Gr.)
"Oh, who is this?" - Dusya exclaimed in fear.(Lapt.)
Oh You are a goy, Volga, dear mother!(P.)
Oh, what nights they were!(Garsh.)
Oh, you glutton! (Kr.)
Note. When distinguishing such cases, the meaning and use of particles is taken into account:
1) the particle o is used in rhetorical appeal and is not separated by a comma: O you, to whom fate has given a high rank!(Kr.); also before the words yes and no: Oh yes, of course; Oh no, under no circumstances;
2) the particle ah, standing before the personal pronoun you or you, followed by an address, is not separated by a comma: Oh, you vile glass! (P.); Oh you my steppe, free steppe!(K.) Also in the combination oh yes, used when unexpectedly remembering something missed: “Oh yes! — Svezhevsky suddenly slapped himself on the forehead, “I’m chatting, but I forgot to tell you the most important thing.”(Cupr.);
3) particle Well, it is used in an intensifying sense and is not separated by a comma: Well, ball! Well Famusov! He knew how to name guests!(Gr.); often in combination with what the, with particles and, or with yes: Well what the neck, what eyes!(Kr.); Well storm! This hasn't happened for a long time(Dec.); Well then your women are good(Acute); " Well, yes ! Gnedko will throw you off!” - Zina says dismissively(G.‑M.); Wed also: Well why so abruptly?; Well, what a question!; Well I may be wrong; Well How is everything okay?; Well what can I say?; Well tell me!; Well How can I explain this to you?; you have arrived Well , say, in a photo studio; Well so expect a surprise; Well that's it; What are you doing?; Well no; Well, why not?; Well, what about him? Well and it was hot!; Give Well at least this book!; Without him Well You just can't handle this job; Natalya herself understood that only a goddess could be compared to her, Well, with Diana (A. T.; meaning ‘let’s say; let’s put’).
4. Inside whole combinations oh yes, oh and, oh you, oh he, oh you, oh these, oh and, oh you, hey and, eh and, oh you etc., which include interjections and pronouns or particles, no comma is used: Oh honey! (P.); Oh yes Mikhail Andreevich, a real gypsy!(A.T.); Oh, you are cruel!; Oh he's a snake!; Oh, what a sin you are!; Oh they hardened rogues!; Oh, these gossips!; Oh, and it’s baking today!; Wow and wine!; Oh, I got angry!; Oh these naughty girls! In such cases, emotions are expressed not only by interjection, but also by intonation: Wow, poor thing!; Wow what's done!; Our foreman- oh head!
The indicated interjections are included as a component element in sentences with repeated words: It’s good here, oh good!; Difficult he was at first oh hard!; Thin commander's crew, oh thin!; You're boring, oh boring!; You'll get it from your mother, wow I'll get it!, I want itshould I pour it into you, oh I want to!
Constructions with interjections ek, ek are not separated by a comma: Ek took him apart! (G.); Ek you snore, you can hear it two rooms away(Gonch.); Ek there is no death for you(T.); Ek, you scared me (M.‑S.); Eka there are wounded people lying around, oh my God!(Garsh.)
5. Interjections that come before the words like, which and in combination with them expressing a high degree of attribute (in the meanings of ‘very’, ‘very’, ‘wonderful’, ‘amazing’, ‘terrible’) are not separated by a comma: Property, then, recognizes; and this, at the present time, oh how nice! (S.‑Sh.); I've fallen behind good people oh how behind! (Ch.); A sea of arrogance oh, how he doesn’t love (Personal); This, brother, wow, how bitter and wow, how mean! (Usp.); ...Sometimes it stuck out in every pleasant word wow, what a pin (G.); We could get oh, what injuries (Poor).
6. Separated by commas interjection expressionsthank God, damn it, damn it etc.: Until now, thanks be to God, approached other cities(G.).
The combination thank God is separated by commas if used to express joy, reassurance, relief, satisfaction about something:He'll shoot himself God bless, didn't want to try(P.); ...Today, thank God, more humble, and sometimes, you move a hundred steps away, somewhere a shaggy devil is already sitting and guarding(L.); God bless, at least from this side they understood me(Ch.).
In the meaning ‘good; safely' or 'in good condition', the combination thank God serves as a predicate and is not separated by commas: The mother's letters were short, half consisting of kindred bows and reassuring assurances that everything was fine at home. thank God (Pol.); But the old man could not stand it and with tears in his voice he began to say that he would not allow sharing while he was alive, that he had a house God bless, and to divide - everyone will go around the world(L.T.).
Combinations damn it, damn it separated by commas:I’m telling you that Pechorin will be afraid, I’ll put them at six paces, damn it! (L.); Woke me up, damn it, said he would come again!(L. T.); But I'm glad that I met you, damn you! (M.G.); Then, unfortunately, the wound on the thigh opened, Damn her (Perv.).
But expressions the devil knows, the devil pulled are not separated by commas: The devil knows What was the student's mind spent on!(Room.); The doctors there wrote about me the devil knows what (N.O.); The devil pulled him talking to a drunk at night!(L.); The devil pulled me Stop Yashka!(Bub.)
7. Imperative interjections and onomatopoeic words are set off with commas or separated by an exclamation mark: Just don’t interrupt (Exp.); I’ll ask everyone; however, chur, secret (Gr.); Come to the hut, march, go after the birds!(Gr.); “Chick, chick, chick, chick, chick! Gurgl, gurgle, gurgle!— in a gentle voice the girl invited the birds to breakfast(Gonch.); Tsits! Don't you dare joke about it!(Lesk.)
WELL, interjection And particle
1. Interjection. Expresses motivation, surprise. The interjection “well” is intonationally separated from the subsequent word and stands apart.
“Mom, mom,” he grabbed her by the apron, “Mom, Well , Look!.."S. Sergeev-Tsensky, Fright.Well , let's dance! Stand up! A. Ostrovsky, What you go for is what you will find.
If the interjection “well” expresses surprise, admiration or dissatisfaction, indignation, irony, then it is not isolated.
Well ball! Well Famusov! knew how to name guests! Some freaks from the other world. A. Griboedov, Woe from Wit.
The comma is also not placed inside indecomposable combinations with the words “well you”, “well you”, “well him”, “well them”, as well as combinations “well and”, “well”, “well”.
"Yes Well you to hell with your papers!” – Natasha shouted, laughing impudently. M. Bulgakov, The Master and Margarita . "Well them “To hell with their echo sounder,” Igor answered gloomily. V. Aksenov, Star ticket. “You think so because you are young and healthy.” – “ Well then young! Forty-two years is not youth.” I. Grekova, Fracture. WellAnd goose, I think, this is not Bebeshev for you. A. Bitov, The case of two cans of stew. Well aged by my kettle! Y. Koval, Teapot.
2. Particle. Serves to strengthen the subsequent statement; the same as “so, so” (used when summing up); the same as “let’s assume.” Intonationally it is not separated from subsequent words. Does not require punctuation.
Of course, it would be unnecessary, but neither you nor anyone else knows these laws, well then this is what you have to believe and remember. A. Herzen, Damaged.Well what is a carpet?N. Teffi, One's own man.Well and if he loves, then he will come and bring guests. Yu. Dombrovsky, Faculty of Unnecessary Things.After all, he sees how tall I am, and, therefore, must understand that I am seven at most, Well eight at most - why ask then? V. Dragunsky, Deniska's stories.
Also, the combination of the stressed particle “well” with the indefinite form of an imperfective verb (when denoting an unexpected and abrupt beginning of an action) does not require punctuation marks.
But Igosha does not sleep: he comes to me - and Well pull knots with teeth; As soon as the priest turns away, he will pull the noose; less than two minutes passed - and I again found myself on the carpet between the toys, in the middle of the room . V. Odoevsky, Igosha.
The comma is also not placed inside the combinations “well, yes”, “so what”, “well that”, “well”.
Well Yes , she has instructions! V. Shukshin, There lived a man. " You’re going to die with such a mood!” – “ so what“,” he says, “were the guys we lost really worse than you and me?” F. Iskander, Three stories.Well What - ready?V. Sorokin, Factory committee meeting.
And we helplessly indulge them!
In fact, the concept of “false words” does not exist as such. But we really like it. Well, what else can you call words that everyone (okay, a lot of people) take as introductory words, highlight them with commas, but you don’t need to do this. We have compiled for you a list of words that brazenly beg us for a comma and don’t even blush.
Right: What do you really think?
A false introduction word is contradictory, which may or may not be isolated. The main thing here is to distinguish the adverbial combination “actually” from the introductory one in time, so that you don’t put commas at random. “In fact” can be isolated as an introductory combination with the meaning “actually, in fact” (often with bewilderment): “What else, in fact, is needed for happiness?” Or “Well, what are you really saying!” But more and more often in a sentence this combination turns out to be an adverb with the meaning “in fact, in fact” - then a comma is not needed. If you are still afraid of getting confused, remember that in fiction, authors prefer not to isolate rather than to isolate.
Right: I skipped gym one day
Another favorite word for fans of commas. The adverb “once” is used as an introductory word about as often as “actually”. Very in vain! Introductory words, as a rule, do not answer any questions, but the word “one day” can be used to ask a simple question. When did you skip physical training? One day!
Right: however there are exceptions
Perhaps the record holder for falsehood is the word “however”. If “however” is at the beginning of a simple sentence and can be confidently replaced with “but”, it means that this is not an introductory word, but a conjunction. A comma can be used if after “however” there is another isolated phrase, for example: “However, according to British scientists, slippers increase performance.” If “however” is in the middle or at the end of a sentence, then it may well be an introductory word with the meaning of opposition: “How he tricked me, however.” But not in our example.
Right: Well, autumn has come
“Here” is a demonstrative particle that is very rarely separated by commas. A comma is placed if the sentence following it reveals its specific meaning. For example: “Here, take your coffee.” And if you want to highlight “well” with commas, try to pull yourself together and not give in to temptation. “Well” can indeed be separated by commas when it takes on the role of an interjection, but more often it is a particle. Distinguishing a particle from an interjection can be difficult. The particle enhances what has been said and is usually pronounced together with the following words: “Well, that’s all,” “Well, no,” “Well, that’s it!” And the interjection always stands out intonation and encourages action: “Dad, come quickly!”
Right: nevertheless, students continue to be trained for the Unified State Exam
For some reason, I especially want to put a comma after the intensifying particles. The combination "nevertheless" can be a conjunction or a particle. In one case, the word is separated by a comma from the next part of a complex sentence as a conjunction (“Petya hates math, yet he always gets A’s”), and in the other, it is not separated by commas at all, as in the example above.
Right: that is, it is not what you do that matters, but how you do it
Another clarification word that is never introductory. We sympathize with everyone who has highlighted this word with commas all their lives. We'll have to relearn. “That is” is a conjunction; a comma is placed only before it. And if in some texts you noticed a comma after it, it was definitely for other reasons. For example, to isolate the following (introductory) word or subordinate clause: “That is, unfortunately, you will have to completely rewrite the essay.”
Right: you've probably heard about rap battles
There are words that just beg to be separated with commas. “Surely” is an adverb, and adverbs, as we know, are not separated by commas. True, some dictionaries make distinctions. If “surely” means “exactly,” then commas are not needed. And if there is a tinge of doubt (“probably”, “apparently”), then supposedly commas are added. But based on examples from books and more, the “without commas” option is much more common.
Right: maybe it will work out!
Another tricky particle, and a colloquial one at that, which very efficiently extorts a comma from us. Yes, some dictionaries (for example, the dictionary of Ozhegov and Shvedova) classify “maybe” as an introductory word, but this is not entirely true. And as written practice shows, “maybe” (meaning “maybe”, “suddenly”) is usually not separated by commas. It can also be a noun (“Maybe I hoped it was Russian”).
Right: he supposedly studied English for a year
The word “Supposedly,” as we like, can be both a conjunction and a particle. We separate the conjunction with a comma from the other part of the sentence (on the one hand, if there is no further separate phrase). And the particle that indicates “assumption” and “doubt” does not need to be highlighted with commas or other punctuation marks. “He pretended to be reading a book.”
Right: the film was ridiculous and at the same time brilliant
To check the part of speech in this sentence, it is enough to ask the question: when was the film brilliant? - “At the same (same) time.” This means that we have an adverbial expression, and we remove the commas to the side.
Right: she made at least three mistakes
Another adverb with the meaning “the least”, which does not require punctuation. True, sometimes the author’s highlighting with commas is still allowed to emphasize the intonation pause.
Right: in the end everything ended well
“Ultimately” or its analogue “ultimately” are adverbial expressions that are often mistaken for introductory words. The main thing is not to confuse it with another similar combination “in the end”, which in some meanings is used as an introductory one and is isolated.
Right: He was especially good at chemistry
We have no idea who came up with the idea that the adverb “especially” (and an obvious one at that) should be set off with commas. And even call it introductory. If “especially” is at the beginning of a sentence, then there is no punctuation at all. And if a connecting phrase with clarifications or explanations begins with the word “especially”, then the entire phrase is isolated. “Lena did not like literature, especially Gogol and Dostoevsky.”
Right: either way you were wrong
Remember that in combinations “in any case”, “as a last resort”, “in our case” and so on, a comma is also not needed.
Right: Meanwhile, nothing has changed in the school curriculum
