Burlachuk dictionary reference book on psychodiagnostics. Book: L

B92 Dictionary-reference book on psychodiagnostics - St. Petersburg: Peter Kom, 1999. - 528 pp.: (Series “Masters of Psychology”)

ISBN 5-88782-336-4

This book contains the most complete overview of all psychodiagnostic techniques existing in the world and used by professional psychologists. Here you will find information about the developers of a particular test, when it was created, structure, characteristics and application information. You will get an idea of the variety of stimulus material (samples of which are given in the book), about the mathematical apparatus used in psychodiagnostics. The first edition of the "Handbook..." was published in 1989 and became a reference book for all psychologists who managed to purchase it. Readers are invited to a revised and significantly expanded edition of this work.

ISBN 5-88782-336-4

Publishing house "Peter Kom". 196105. St. Petersburg, st. Blagodatnaya, 67. License LR No. 065360 dated 08.20.97.

Signed for publication on January 28, 1999. Format 70X100"/ 16 - Standard sheet size 42.9. Offset printing. Additional circulation 10,000 copies.

Order No. 388.

Printed from photographic plates at the State Enterprise “Pechatny Dvor” of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Printing.

197110, St. Petersburg, Chkalovsky pr.. 15.

Preface

Ten years have passed since the appearance of the “Dictionary-Reference Book on Psychological Diagnostics” on the book market. Today, from the height of the past years, we can say with satisfaction that the book has found its reader and has not gone unnoticed in psychological science. Moreover, despite the inexorability of time, the “Reference Dictionary” still lies on the desktops of practicing psychologists, and professors and students often look into it. The authors are well aware that the success of the book they wrote is partly due to the popularity of reference literature, especially in the field of psychology, which still does not have the same dictionaries and encyclopedias that our colleagues abroad have. Aware of the place reference literature occupies in our psychological science, we are nevertheless inclined to consider a considerable part of the popularity of this book as a consequence of the efforts that we made when working on it.

Now the second edition of the “Reference Dictionary” is being presented to the Reader. The need for this publication is due primarily to the fact that in psychodiagnostics, as in any other science, in addition to the “eternal” truths and for the time being unshakable provisions, new ideas appear and develop, and the arsenal of methods for understanding human individuality is replenished. It must also be recognized that the first edition did not reflect (or reflected incompletely) some of the methods and concepts that had already been included in world psychodiagnostics by that time. Despite the desire of the authors to fully present to the Reader everything that makes up modern psychodiagnostics, this remains our primary task, and therefore, having completed work on the second edition, we are thinking about the third.

In the new edition of the Dictionary-Reference Book, noticeably more space than in the previous one is devoted to psychodiagnostic methods developed by CIS psychologists. The composition of foreign tests has been expanded, new articles have been introduced that make it possible to more fully present the categorical and conceptual apparatus of psychological diagnostics. Clarifications and additions have been made to what was previously published. To meet the wishes of Readers, the appendix to the dictionary-reference book is supplemented with information about the qualification requirements for psychodiagnostic specialists abroad.

The authors consider it their pleasant duty to express sincere gratitude to those scientists and organizations whose participation made it possible to carry out work on a new edition of the dictionary-reference book. First of all, this applies to our deeply respected colleagues, professors Paulette Van Oost, Ina Van Berckelaer-Onnes And William Yule who provided the opportunity to work in their scientific departments and laboratories, as well as the libraries of Ghent (Belgium), Leiden (Holland) and London universities, provided all possible assistance and support. Long-standing and fruitful contacts with the Institute of Psychology of the University of Munich, primarily through its academic director Werner Shuboe, to a large extent provided the scientific space and physical time necessary to work on the reference dictionary. We are also sincerely grateful for the help of Professor Jerry Gamache(San Augustine, USA) and Elena Korzhova (Russia, St. Petersburg), who contributed to the content of this book. We would like to express special gratitude to the employees of the Peter Publishing House, all those, thanks to whose benevolent attention this book saw the light.

The dictionary contains about 200 terms and concepts, as well as the most common psychodiagnostic methods, which are now widely used in professional selection and placement of personnel, for monitoring the mental development of an individual and optimizing learning, predicting social behavior, and studying personality for medical and expert purposes. The widespread introduction of psychodiagnostic methods in the field of education is of particular relevance. For psychologists, doctors, vocational selection and career guidance specialists, teachers, and anyone interested in the study of individual psychological qualities of a person.

Publisher: "Naukova Dumka" (1989)

Format: 70x90/16, 200 pages.

ISBN: 5-12-000482-2

On Ozone

See also in other dictionaries:

- (from the Greek ψυχή soul, and the Greek διαγνωστικός capable of recognizing) a branch of psychology that develops the theory, principles and tools for assessing and measuring individual psychological characteristics of a person. Contents... Wikipedia

Leonid Fokich Burlachuk Leonid Fokich Burlachuk Date of birth ... Wikipedia

- (from other Greek ἴδιος peculiar + γράφω I write) search for the individual characteristics of a person or any other object (for example, a civilization, a specific evolving society), by the presence of which it differs from the rest ... ... Wikipedia

Burlachuk, Leonid Fokich- (born 1947) Ukrainian psychologist. Doctor of Psychological Sciences (1990), professor (1992), corresponding member of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine (1992). He graduated from the Kyiv University named after T. Shevchenko (1970), where he began teaching. Since 1992 – ... Who's who in Russian psychology

P Lighting is necessary from ... Wikipedia

psychology- (from the Greek psyche soul and logos doctrine, science) the science of the patterns of development and functioning of the psyche as a special form of life activity. The interaction of living beings with the surrounding world is realized through qualitatively different... ...

affect- A short-term, violent, positively or negatively colored emotional psychogenic reaction. As an affective release, patients more often commit suicidal rather than aggressive actions. See also: Impulsive... ... Great psychological encyclopedia

phenomenology- Etymology. Comes from the Greek. phainomenon being + logos teaching. Category. Methodological position. Specificity. Describes the forms of psychological structure without its destruction and without experimental analysis. The world exists in the form... ... Great psychological encyclopedia

This term has other meanings, see Schizophrenia (meanings). This article is about a psychotic disorder (or group of disorders). For its erased forms, see schizotypal disorder; about personality disorder... ... Wikipedia

Saint Petersburg
Moscow Kharkov Minsk 1999
L. F. Burlachuk, S. M. Morozov Dictionary-reference book on psychodiagnostics
2nd edition, revised, expanded Series
Editor-in-Chief Editorial Manager Editor
Art editor Proofreaders
The original layout has been prepared
S. Usmanov M. Churakov N. Migalovskaya V. Koroleva L. Komarova, N. Solntseva, N.
Viktorova N. Migalovskaya, M. Lebedeva
Dictionary-reference book on psychodiagnostics - St. Petersburg: Peter Kom, 1999. - 528 pp.: (Series
This book contains the most complete overview of all psychodiagnostic techniques,
existing in the world and used by professional psychologists. Here you are
you will find information about the developers of a particular test, the time of its creation,
structure, characteristics and application information. You will get an idea about
variety of stimulus material (samples of which are given in the book), about
mathematical apparatus used in psychodiagnostics. First edition
published in 1989 and became a reference book for all psychologists,
who managed to acquire it. Readers are invited to the revised and
a significantly expanded edition of this work.
c L. F. Burlachuk, S. M. Morozov, 1998 c Series, design. Publishing house,
1999
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any
in any form or by any means without written permission
copyright holders.
ISBN 5-88782-336-4
Ill. pels.-TBO . 196105, S.-]lerepfiypi, st. Blagodatnaya, 67. License -IP Ns
065361) dated 08/20/97. Signed in in.-4.ni> 01/28/99. Form.p. 70Х11)0,". Conditions p.l. 42.9.
]1ech;p offset. Don. circulation 10,000 copies. Order No. 388. O; printed with foyufprm and GS!
Chkalovsky Ave. 15.
Preface
Ten years have passed since the appearance of chological diagnostics on the book market>. Today, from the heights of past years, one can with satisfaction
to say that the book found its reader did not go unnoticed in the psychological
science. Moreover, despite the inexorable time, it is still
lies on the desks of practicing psychologists; professors and
students. The authors are well aware that the success of the book they wrote is partly due to
popularity of reference literature, especially in the field of psychology, which is still
for the time being does not have the same dictionaries and encyclopedias that our colleagues have at their disposal
abroad. Realizing the place of reference literature in our
psychological science, we are nevertheless inclined to contribute a considerable share of the popularity of this book
be considered as a consequence of the efforts that we made when working on
her.
Now the second edition is being presented to the Reader. Necessary
The importance of this publication is due primarily to the fact that in psychodiagnostics, as in any
another science, in addition to truths and for the time being unshakable provisions,
New ideas appear and develop, the arsenal of cognition methods is replenished
human individuality. It must also be admitted that in the first edition there were no
reflected (or reflected incompletely) some of those already included in the world by that time
psychodiagnostics of methods and concepts. Despite the wishes of the authors, it is possible to fully
present to the Reader everything that makes up modern psychodiagnostics, this
remains our most important task, and therefore, having completed work on the second edition, we
we are thinking about the third.
The new edition contains noticeably more space than the previous one, from
conducted using psychodiagnostic methods developed by CIS psychologists. Expanded co-
Having become foreign tests, new articles have been introduced that make it possible to more fully present
categorical-conceptual apparatus of psychological diagnostics. Clarifications have been made and
additions to what was previously published. Meeting the wishes of the Readers,
The entry to the reference dictionary has been supplemented with information on qualification requirements,
requirements for psychodiagnostic specialists abroad.
The authors consider it their pleasant duty to express sincere gratitude to those
nals and organizations whose participation made it possible to carry out work on the new publication
dictionary-reference book. First of all, this applies to our deeply respected colleagues,
professors Paulette Van Oost, Ina Van Bercke-laer-Onnes and William Yule, who provided
given the opportunity to work in their scientific departments and laboratories, as well as library
tekhs of Ghent (Belgium), Leiden (Holland) and London Universities, provided
provide all possible help and support. Long-standing and fruitful contacts with the Institute
psychology of the University of Munich, primarily in the person of its academic director
Werner Shuboe, to a large extent provided scientific space and physical time,
necessary for working on a reference dictionary. We are also sincerely grateful for
assistance to Professor Jerry Gamache (San Augustine, USA) and Elena Korzhova (Russia,
St. Petersburg), who contributed to the content of this book. special
We would like to express our gratitude to the staff of the Publishing House, all those
thanks to whose benevolent attention this book saw the light of day.
L. Burlachuk, S. Morozov. Kyiv, March 1998
The authors will be grateful for all comments and suggestions from readers. Our Website:
http:/ /www. ln.com.ua/-psydiag
List of accepted abbreviations and symbols
- For example
- employees
- point of view
- the so-called
- thousand
- asymmetry coefficient
- sum of squared deviations from the arithmetic mean (deviate), index
discrimination
- average absolute (linear) deviation
- confidence interval of the reliability coefficient
- kurtosis indicator
- Fisher criterion
- serial number of the variable, the value of the class interval
- number of degrees of freedom
- median
- fashion
- volume of the general population
- volume of the sample population, width of the interval for grouping characteristics
- probability of events, confidence level
- percentile
- absolute or relative frequency of individual variables in the aggregate
- theoretically expected frequencies
- frequency option in the correlation table
- coefficient of four-cell association (according to Yule)
- share of 1 - p variables in the sample
- reliability coefficient of the test part
- test reliability coefficient
ry - correlation coefficient between
signs
g;, - point biserial correlation coefficient g, - rank coefficient
correlation (according to Spearman) phi V - four-field coefficient
correlations
r - biserial correlation coefficient
S - standard deviation (for sample) S - mean square
deviations, sample variance (- Student's t-test U - ordinate of normal
curve U t - index of test task difficulty
V - coefficient of variation w - number of answer options for a test task
X, Y, Z - variable quantities, characteristics x, y, z - numerical values of varying
signs ~x - arithmetic mean of the sum
sample variables z - normalized deviation a - significance level D -
level of measurement accuracy in fractions of x sample d) - correlation ratio Q -
cubic average Z - summation sign st - standard deviation st", m -
standard measurement error t - rank correlation coefficient (according to Kendall) X2
- Pearson's goodness-of-fit test
A
PSYCHOLOGICAL AUTOBIOGRAPHIES - a set of techniques for obtaining data
psychological history - information about the most important events, stages of life
individual, attitude towards life and characteristics of anticipation. Data collection
psychological history, including the most general information about the subject and
features of the formation of his personality, is a mandatory element
psychodiagnostic examination. To obtain such general information (gender, age,
profession, social and family status, education, career advancement,
state of health, close relatives, etc.) a conversation, a questionnaire,
special techniques (for example, biographical questionnaires). Along with the above
means, A. p. implies obtaining additional and broader terms.
time perspective of a subjective description of life events, attitudes towards oneself and
others, assessments of past years and possible future events.
Autobiography is one of the earliest methods of personality research.
Compilation of A.P. by subjects was usually in the nature of oral or written
narratives reflecting the most important life events in the subject’s mind
events and combining with them descriptions of the mental state or dynamics of the course
diseases (in case of examination of persons suffering from certain diseases).
Obtaining information about the subject’s life, features of self-assessment of life
Retrospectives can be greatly facilitated by special techniques. One of them is
technique described by P. Rzichan (1983). The subject is offered
draw a horizontal line segment, where the extreme points indicate birth and
completion of life. After this, the subject selects an intermediate point, designated
which represents the present moment of time, in such a way that the ratio of the resulting segments
corresponded to the expected relationship between the duration of the previous
the moment of examination and subsequent life. On segments representing lived and
the rest of your life, the most important events that have happened or
expected with hope or fear. The subject can also outline conditional
ADA-------------------
life> (Fig. 1). This combination of schematic autobiography with the so-called.
gives a picture of life's path and anticipation, which can be
used as a starting point for further conversation with the subject.
100%
\

3
A
t?.
5
b
S

-
I
7
V,

О 5 10 15 20 25 303540455060 7075
Rice. 1. Schematic autobiography
/ - birth; 2 - moving to the city where he lives to this day; 3 - divorce of parents; 4
- meeting your future husband; 5 - death of father; b - death of the mother;
7 - husband’s illness; - adoption of a child; 9 - birth of a grandson; 10 - estimated
time of death
The task of retrospective assessment of life course can be subjectively facilitated with
using the technique (K. Leiner, 1970; P. Rzhi-chan, 1983). Reception
may consist, for example, in an imaginary image of oneself in old age with
summing up. Another possible option is time> (the subject imagines that he is 5 years older, then 10 years older, etc.)
The experimenter records his ideas and stimulates the process of fantasy
questions: children visiting you?> etc.
TEST ADAPTATION (lat. adaptatio -
adaptation) - a set of measures to ensure the adequacy of the test in new
conditions of its use.
In domestic psychodiagnostics, adaptation is becoming particularly relevant.
foreign tests.
The following main stages of A.T. can be distinguished:
- analysis of the initial theoretical provisions of the test author;
- translation of the test and its instructions into the user’s language, completed by an expert
assessment of conformity to the original;
- checking the validity and reliability of the test, carried out in accordance with
psychometric requirements;
- standardization of the test on appropriate samples.
Special problems arise in connection with the adaptation of different types of questionnaires, as well as
verbal subtests that are part of intelligence tests. Main obstacles for
researchers are associated with linguistic and sociocultural differences between peoples
different countries.
The linguistic aspect of A. t. means the adaptation of its vocabulary and grammar to
age and educational structure of the population planned for
surveys, taking into account the connotative meaning of linguistic units and categories. No less
difficulties are associated with sociocultural differences. Reflected in the language
peculiarities of the culture of the society in which the test was created, it is difficult, and sometimes even
it is impossible to find equivalents in another culture. Complete empirical A. t. in many
cases is not inferior in complexity to the development of an original technique.
In the 60-70s. A. t. in our country was understood in a simplified way; it was often reduced to translation
one or another foreign technique, at best limited to the construction
normative distribution of test indicators. Theoretical
EYZ
the concepts of the test authors were not analyzed, data on their reliability and validity
were accepted as true. Then, in the 80s, issues of adaptation of various foreign
tests are increasingly becoming the subject of discussion among Soviet psychologists, and later -
psychologists of the CIS. Appropriate recommendations are being developed (Yu. L. Khanin, 1985; A.
G. Shmelev and V. I. Pokhilko, 1985; Yu. M. Zabrodin et al., 1987, L. F. Burlachuk, 1993 and
etc.). The requirements for A. t. require high professional
psychologist's culture, widespread use of special technical techniques, including
including on the basis of modern computer technology.
EYSENCK PERSONALITY QUESTIONNAIRE - a series of personality questionnaires. Designed
for the diagnosis of neuroticism, extraversion-introversion and psychoticism. Developed by G.
Eysenck et al. A. l. O. are the implementation of a typological approach to the study of personal
ness.
G. Eysenck repeatedly pointed out in his works that his research was caused by
life with the imperfection of psychiatric diagnoses. In his opinion, traditional
the classification of mental illnesses should be replaced by a system of measurements, in
which presents the most important personality characteristics. At the same time, mental
structures are, as it were, a continuation of the individual differences observed in
normal people. Studying the works of K. Jung, R. Woodworth, I. P. Pavlov, E. Kretschmer and
other famous psychologists, psychiatrists and physiologists allowed us to assume
the existence of three basic dimensions of personality: neuroticism, extra- and introversion and
psychoticism. Let us briefly consider the description of these personal dimensions (in the form
they are presented in the latest publications of G. Eysenck).
Neuroticism (or emotional lability) is a continuum from
. Neuroticism is not
identical to neurosis, however, in individuals with high scores on this scale in
unfavorable situations, e.g. stressful, neurosis may develop. personality> is characterized by inappropriately strong reactions towards you
stimuli that call them.
Borrowing from C. Jung the concept of extraversion and introversion, G. Eysenck fills them with something different
content. For K. Jung, these are types that differ in the direction of libido, for G.
Eysenck - complexes of traits that correlate with each other (see also about the concepts
extratension and introversion in G. Rorschach - Rorschach test). Characterizing a typical
extrovert, G. Eysenck notes his sociability, wide circle of acquaintances,
impulsiveness, optimism, poor control over emotions and feelings. Against,
The typical introvert is a quiet, shy, introspective person who
distant from everyone except close people. He plans his actions in advance,
loves order in everything and keeps his feelings under strict control.
According to G. Eysenck, high rates of extraversion and neuroticism correspond to
psychiatric diagnosis of hysteria, and high scores for introversion and neuroticism -
state of anxiety or reactive depression. Dimensions of extra-introversion and
neuroticism, which G. Eysenck operates with, is considered in the works of R. Cattell in
as second-order factors (see questionnaire).
Psychotism, like neuroticism, is continual (norm-psychotism). In case you-
AYZ___________._______
high indicators on this scale can indicate a predisposition to mental
deviations. (not pathological) characterized by G. Eysenck
as egocentric, selfish, dispassionate, non-contact.
G. Eysenck pays much attention in his research to the collection of experimental
data confirming the universality of the personality measurements he proposed. For
This involves factor analysis of the results of numerous and heterogeneous tests
(techniques) with the help of which criterion groups are examined. Originally on
based on a complex of signs that differentiate healthy people and patients with neurosis,
the factor of neuroticism was isolated, later - the factor of extra-introversion, under which
G. Eysenck for a long time sought to provide a physiological basis,
using a number of provisions of the theory of I.P. Pavlov. In recent years, in a similar way
the factor of psychoticism is substantiated. For example, one of the experiments
is a survey of groups of psychotic patients, patients with neuroses and healthy individuals
using tests for visual acuity, the ability to recognize objects,
galvanic skin response, etc. It has been shown that these groups are differentiated by
two factors - neuroticism and psychoticism. It remains unclear what motivated
researchers compiling such test sets. The indicators used do not have theoretical
rhetic justification, but in relation to neuroticism and psychoticism there cannot be
understood as internal conditions causing neurotic and psychotic
symptoms. And at the same time, neuroticism and psychoticism, when expressed, are understood
as a corresponding
10
diseases. Personal dimensions proposed by G. Eysenck should be
be considered as some behavioral characteristics, the meaning of which
determined by their attitude to a fairly wide range of life situations.
The first of G. Eysenck's questionnaires - (Maudsley
Medical Questionnaire, or MMQ, from the name of the clinic in which it was created) - was
proposed in 1947. It is intended for the diagnosis of neuroticism and consists of 40
statements with which the subject is asked to agree () or not
agree(). Eg:
- From time to time I get dizzy.
- I'm worried about my health.
The statements were selected from questionnaires already known by that time, and the author
relied on clinical descriptions of neurotic disorders. MMQ has been standardized
based on a survey of two groups: (1000 people) and
(1000 people). The average number of answers coinciding with, in healthy individuals compo-
was 9.98, and for neurotics - 20.01. Detailed analysis of the responses received for each
MMQ (taking into account differences in psychiatric diagnoses), showed that with
Using the questionnaire, two types of neurotic disorders can be differentiated:
hysterical and dysthymic. Based on these results, G. Eysenck suggested that
Answers to MMQ statements allow us to draw conclusions about the subject’s position on
scale of another personality dimension postulated by this researcher, extraversion-
introversion. This began the work of constructing a new personal
questionnaire. MMQ in psychodiagnostic research
EYZ
I didn’t find any application. The MMQ was followed by the Maudsley Personality Inventory, or MPI, published in 1956.
intended for diagnosing neuroticism and extraversion-introversion. MPI consists of
48 questions (24 for each measurement) that the subject must answer
or. There is a case when the subject finds it difficult to answer (>). For
An answer that matches with is given 2 points, and for > - 1 point. MPI was developed
in accordance with G. Eysenck’s theoretical ideas about extraversion -
introversion and neuroticism and taking into account the data obtained using the first questionnaire.
Here are examples of questions on the extraversion-introversion scale:
- Are you inclined to act quickly and decisively?
- Do they consider you a lively, sociable person?
The basis for the development of the MPI was the data that rathymia scales
(carelessness) and cycloid emotionality of the Guilford-da-Martin questionnaire (one of
questionnaires developed by J. Guilford et al.) differentiate neurotics into
in accordance with the theoretical assumptions of G. Eysenck. Patients with hysteria on a scale
ratymia received more points than persons suffering from reactive
depression and obsessive disorders. In the studied clinical groups, the number
The scores on the cycloid emotionality scale were also higher than in healthy people. On
On this basis, G. Eysenck began to create MPI.
Preliminary studies were conducted using a list of 261
question borrowed from various questionnaires. According to the results obtained on the scale
ratymia and cycloid emotionality were identified (separately among men and
women) two groups. Then they divided into groups with high and low
indicators. Using the X2 criterion, we analyzed the answers to each question. IN
As a result, we received two groups of questions, the answers to which were most different. on their
based on two scales - extra-introversion and neuroticism - with 24 questions each.
doy. Using previously established results, the results of the original groups were compared. For
individual questions, intercorrelation coefficients were calculated, subjected to
then factor analysis. The two identified factors corresponded initially
hypothesized - extra-introversion and neuroticism.
MPI splitting reliability coefficient for the Neuroticism scale
was 0.85-0.90, for the extra-introversion scale - 0.75-0.85, coefficients
test-retest reliability - 0.83 and 0.81, respectively. Validity of both MPI scales
established in ways that are methodologically recognized by many researchers
untenable, therefore it has not been proven. Correlation between scales found
extra-introversion and neuroticism with a coefficient of 0.15-0.40, which contradicts
G. Eysenck's initial position on the independence of personality measurement data.
A shortened version of the MPI consisting of 12 questions has been developed. Correlation coefficients with
the full questionnaire is 0.86 on the neuroticism scale, on the extra-introversion scale
- 0,87.
Practical use of MPI has shown significant discrepancies between
obtained data and theoretical predictions of the author (especially in clinical
groups). G. Eysenck was unable to convincingly refute what was said in many foreign
comments on the works,
11
ISA ___________________
however, despite criticism, MPI has long been used in foreign psycho-
agnostic research.
There is no information about use in the CIS.
Based on further research by G. Eysenck et al., aimed at analyzing
components of extra-introversion and neuroticism as basic personal dimensions,
a new questionnaire was proposed, called
(Eysenck Personality Inventory, or EPI). Published in 1963, consists of 48 questions,
designed to diagnose extra-introversion and neuroticism, as well as 9 questions,
components that determine whether the subject has a tendency
present yourself in the best light (see Control scales). Answers that match
, are worth 1 point (answers only or). Two
equivalent forms of the questionnaire - Liy.
The number of people surveyed during the development of the EPI exceeds 30,000. Subjects
were divided into groups depending on the manifestations of the diagnosed characteristics.
We studied the responses of people classified by competent experts as extroverts or
introverts, neurotics or emotionally balanced. Based on received
data, the discriminatory ability of each question was determined (see Discriminatory
nativeness of test items). During the development of the EPI, it was found that extraversion
is a higher order factor, and therefore questions should be more
or less than an equal share of lower order factors are represented. First of all, it's about
about the components of extraversion identified by G. Eysenck, such as protectiveness>.
Test-retest reliability coefficients of the EPI for the extra-introverted factor
12
these are 0.82-0.85, for the neuroticism factor - 0.81-0.84, reliability coefficient
by splitting method - 0.74-0.91. Foreign studies report
sufficient validity of the EPI, sometimes these data are disputed. In this questionnaire
the value of the intercorrelation coefficient between scales has changed significantly (from
+0.12 to -0.16), which corresponded to the theoretical assumptions of G. Eysenck.
A shortened version of the EPI has been proposed, consisting of 12 questions. Correlation indicators
with the full option on the scale of extra-introversion - 0.81, neuroticism - 0.79. Created
EPI options for screening children and adolescents. EPI is widely used in
domestic research, but its adaptation has not been fully completed (I.N.
Gilyasheva, 1983; A.G. Shmelev and V.I. Pokhilko, 1985).
In 1969, G. Eysenck and S. Eysenck published a new questionnaire called the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, or EPQ, which is intended
for the diagnosis of neuroticism, extra-introversion and psychoticism. Just like in EPI, it
included. The questionnaire consists of 90 questions (on the neuroticism scale - 23, on
extra-introversion scale - 21, psychoticism scale - 25, -21).
However, they usually use a variant consisting of 101 questions (of which 11 questions are
, answers to which are not taken into account). Examples of questions on the psycho-scale
tism:
- Will you use drugs that can cause harm?
expected or hazardous impact?
- Do you feel a feeling of pity or compassion for an animal caught in a trap?
EYZ
The study of the validity of the personality measurement was carried out in the usual way.
G. Eysenck's research by searching for experimental correlates of psychoticism,
comparison of the results obtained in groups of healthy and sick people. Data received
controversial. Reliability coefficients of the test-retest (monthly interval) questionnaire in
different groups on the psychoticism scale are 0.51-0.86, on the extra-introverted scale -
SI 0.80-0.92, on the neuroticism scale - 0.74-0.92, 0.61-0.90. Designed by
version of the questionnaire for examining children and adolescents (from 7 to 15 years).
Many foreign studies convincingly prove that the introduction
such a personal dimension as psychoticism has no scientific basis,
experimental data are contradictory, and the use of the psychoticism scale on
practice may contribute to the emergence of false diagnostic guidelines.
There is no information about the use of EPQ in the CIS.
Eysenk Inventory of Attitudes to Sex (EIAS) -
personality questionnaire, published by G. Eysenck in 1989
The technique was developed based on the concept of personality by G. Eysenck (see Eysenck personal
questionnaires). Along with the study of attitudes towards sex, A. o. u. With. forecast-oriented
satisfaction with marriage (G. Eysenck, G. Wakefield, 1981), identification of deviations in sexual
al behavior (G. Eysenck, 1977), diagnosis of femininity-masculinity (G.
Eysenck, 1971).
The questionnaire has a full and short form. The full version includes 158 questions,
abbreviated - 96. The wording of the questions is the same for men and women.
Most questions require an answer like /, but there are also formulations
with answers /, /. Possibility provided
uncertain answer for each of the questionnaire items. Sample questions are provided.
below.
1. A representative of the opposite sex will respect you if your attitude towards him
will not be cheeky. Not really.
2. Sex without love does not bring satisfaction. Agree/disagree. 16. Sexy
contacts are not a problem for me. True/False.
Questions 151 to 156 have different answers, for example:
153. If you have the opportunity to take part in an orgy, then you: a) will take part; b)
refuse.
154. Would you prefer to have sexual intercourse: a) never; b) once a month;
c) once a week; d) twice a week;
e) 3-5 times a week; f) every day;
g) more than once a day. Question 156 provides the answer: In what
age Did you have sexual intercourse for the first time? Questions 157 and 158 are worth 10 points
rating scale:
158. Assess the strength of the influence of a complex of factors that depress your sexuality
(moral, aesthetic, religious, etc.) from 10 points to 100 (very strong,
prohibitive influence).
The questionnaire allows individual and group examination. Duration
examinations 20-60 min.
Evaluation of results of A. o. u. With. based on counting responses. G. Eysenck
(1976) established percentage values of answers to individual questions for men
and women
13
ISA ____________________
(see School grades). Test standards are based on examination data of 427 men
and 436 women aged 18 to 60 years (average age about 30 years). Abbreviated
the questionnaire form was standardized on a sample of 423 boys and 379 girls (age
18-22 years old, university students).
During the factor analysis of the results, 12 generalized factors were identified,
influencing the results of A. o. u. With.:
1. (Permissiveness);
2. (Satisfaction);
3. (Neurotic sex);
4. (Amper-sonalsex);
5. (Pornography);
6. (Sexual shyness);
7. (Pru-dishness);
8. (Dominance-Submission);
9. (Sexual disgust);
10. (Sexual excitement);
11. (Physical sex);
12. (Aggressive sex).
The influence of the first six factors turned out to be approximately equal in men and women. IN
As a result of the analysis of intercorrelation of factors, two factors were identified, more
high order: (sexual libido) and satisfaction (sexual satisfaction), the manifestation of which was noted in both sexes.
G. Eysenck established reliability coefficients and standard deviations for groups
issues that are most
14
are more loaded with the factors listed above, r = 0.47-0.84 (on average, r =
0.7). Information about the validity of A. o. u. With. obtained by comparing the results in
different samples (different age groups, representatives of workers and middle
class, married and single) with parameters of psychoticism, extraversion and
neuroticism. The questionnaire data were compared with indicators of other sexual scales.
relationships, in particular the Reiss Permissiveness Scale,
1967). There is information about criterion validity obtained in clinical
samples and in twin studies.
Abroad A. o. u. With. is used mainly as a research technique and is not yet
is widely used in individual psychodiagnostic
research and consulting.
There are no data on use in the CIS.
AMTHAUER INTELLIGENCE STRUCTURE TEST (Amthauer Intelligenz-Struktur-Test, I-S-T) -
intelligence test. Designed to measure the level of intellectual development of individuals in
aged from 13 to 61 years. Proposed by R. Amthauer in 1953 (latest edition
implemented in 1973).
A. and. With. i.e. consists of nine subtests, each of which is aimed at measuring
various functions of intelligence (in all groups of tasks, with the exception of IV-VI subtests,
closed type tasks are used).
I. Logical selection (LS) - the study of inductive thinking, the sense of language. Task
test subject - complete the sentence with one of the given words. Number of tasks
- 20. Execution time - 6 min.
AMT
II. Identifying commonalities
(GE) - study of the ability to abstract, operate with verbal
concepts. In each task, the subject is offered five words, of which four
are united by a semantic connection, and one is superfluous. This word should be highlighted in the answer.
The number of tasks is 20, their completion time is 6 minutes.
III. Analogies (AN) - analysis of combinatorial abilities. In each task, the subject
three words are proposed, there is a certain connection between the first and second. After
the third word is a dash. Of the five answer options attached to the task, you must
choose a word that would be connected with the third in the same way as the first
two. Number of tasks - 20, execution time - 7 minutes.
IV. Classification (KL) - assessment of ability to make judgment. The subject must
designate two words with a common concept. Number of tasks - 16, completion time - 8
min. The score varies from 0 to 2 points depending on the level of generalization.
V. Counting tasks (RA) - assessment of the level of development of practical mathematical
thinking. The subtest consists of 20 arithmetic problems. Solution time - 10 min.
VI. Number series (ZR) - analysis of inductive thinking, the ability to operate with numbers.
In 20 tasks you need to establish a pattern in the number series and continue it.
Execution time - 10 min.
VII. Figure Selection (FS) - a study of spatial imagination, combinatorial
abilities. The subject is presented with cards depicting parts divided into parts.
geometric shapes (Fig. 2). When choosing an answer, you should find a card with a figure,
which corresponds to divided into parts. Number of tasks - 20. Completion time
opinions - 7 min.
VIII. Task with cubes (WU) - indicators that are similar in nature are examined
measured by the VIIth subtest.
8, each of the 20 tasks is presented with a cube in a specific, changed relative to
a number of cubes, indicated by letters, position. It is necessary to identify this
a cube with one of the letters indicated (Fig. 3). Solution time -
9 min.

Rice. 2. Sample items from Amthauer subtest VII of structure intelligence
test

01 02 03 04 05
Rice. H. Sample items from Amthauer Intelligence Subtest VIII
test structures
IX. Tasks on the ability to focus attention and retain what has been learned in memory (ME).
The subject must remember a number of words and find them among others offered in the
task. Words to remember are combined in a table according to certain categories,
eg flowers: tulip, jasmine, gladiolus, carnation, iris; or animals: zebra, snake, bull,
ferret, tiger
15
AMT ____________________
In total, you are asked to memorize 25 words (memorization time for the table is 3 minutes). Besides,
subjects are warned that in a series of five words where they need to find what they have memorized, this is
the word must occupy the same ordinal place as in the table. For example, a row where required
find the memorized word: a) zebra, b) gladiolus, c) engraving, d) swallow, e) knife. Correct
the decision will be the choice of word. Completion time for 20 tasks - 6 minutes.
Total in A. and. With. i.e. the subject is offered 176 tasks. Total examination time
(without preparatory procedures and instruction of subjects) - 90 min. When counting
grades (except for the IV subtest), each correct solution is scored 1 point.
Primary grades for each subtest are converted into school grades, thus
the structure of intelligence can be characterized by the profile of success in performing
separate groups of tasks (Fig. 4). Sum of primary scores for all subtests
is translated into a general assessment of intelligence level.
ssssei %w
99 90

.
Date
examinations
11Q
And>, ""

~
-
Surnames and Year and
birth number
J.Q.

Age
R
W
s
W

Pop ------
is Education
gg
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
A

Are there professions?
1
4
i
n
1
I

KL
2
1
1
0
s

R.A.
1
V
1
1

Sum
1
0
AND
9
9

Rice. 4. Survey form and Amthauer intelligence structure
test
Stork. has three parallel test forms (A, B, C), modification IST70 - four
shapes (L, V, Su, D).
16
Stork. was developed primarily as a diagnostic test for the level of general
abilities in connection with the problems of professional psychodiagnostics, recommendations
on the choice of profession, analysis of professional suitability.
When creating the test, R. Amthauer proceeded from the concept that considers intelligence as
a specialized substructure in the holistic structure of the personality. This construct
is understood by him as the structured integrity of mental abilities,
manifested in various forms of activity. The intellect reveals the presence
certain - speech, counting and mathematical intelligence, pro-
travel ideas, memory functions, etc.
R. Amthauer (1953) noted the close connection of intelligence with other components of personality, its
volitional and emotional spheres, needs and interests. When selecting test
assignments, the author was guided by two basic principles: ensuring
the highest possible correlation of each subtest with the overall result and achievement
Possibly low correlation between individual groups of tasks. Average co-
correlation coefficient between groups of tasks and the overall result - 0.65 (0.80-0.45),
the average intercorrelation of subtests is 0.36 (0.62-0.20).
Reliability coefficient of retest A. and. With. t. (retest interval - 1
year) - 0.83-0.91. Parallel reliability coefficients. forms - 0.95, reliability,
parts of dough (splitting method) - 0.97.
Criterion validity for correlation with academic performance - 0.46; with expert
estimates of the level of intellectual development - 0.62 (validation sample - 350
subjects). Test
ACC
has high indicators of current validity and predictive validity,
determined using the contrast group method.
Adapted version of A. i.s.t. under the name has found widespread use in
Estonia to study the level of intellectual development of secondary school students (X. I.
Liimets et al., 1974). Materials on the use of an incomplete version have been published
test (one of the subtests was excluded) when examining students in grades 7-10 in urban and
rural schools (M.

About 200 terms and concepts are given, as well as the most common psychodiagnostic methods, which are now widely used in professional selection and placement, for monitoring the mental development of an individual and optimizing learning, predicting social behavior, and studying personality for medical and expert purposes. The widespread introduction of psychodiagnostic methods in the field of education is of particular relevance.
For psychologists, doctors, vocational selection and career guidance specialists, teachers, and anyone interested in the study of individual psychological qualities of a person. Il. 59. Table 22. Bibliography: p. 187-192 (191 titles)

AUTOBIOGRAPHIES PSYCHOLOGICAL.

a set of techniques for obtaining psychological history data, information about the most important events, stages of a person’s life path, attitude towards life and characteristics of anticipation.
The collection of psychological history data, including the most general information about the subject and the peculiarities of the formation of his personality, is a mandatory element of a psychodiagnostic examination. To obtain such general information (gender, age, profession, social and marital status, education, career advancement, health status, information about relatives, etc.), conversations, questionnaires, and special techniques (for example, biographical questionnaires) are used.
Along with the listed funds, AP implies obtaining an additional and broader article. h. time perspective of a subjective description of life events, attitudes towards oneself and others, assessments of past and possible future events.
Autobiography is one of the earliest methods of personality research. The compilation of A.P. by subjects usually had the nature of an oral or written narrative, reflecting the most important life events in the subject’s mind and combining with them descriptions of the mental state or dynamics of the course of the disease (in the case of examining persons suffering from certain diseases).

From the authors
List of accepted abbreviations and symbols
Appendix I
Appendix II
Appendix III
Appendix IV
List of recommended literature
Name index
Test Index

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DICTIONARY-DIRECTORY ON PSYCHODYAGNOSTICS
Saint Petersburg
Moscow Kharkov Minsk 1999
L. F. Burlachuk, S. M. Morozov Dictionary-reference book on psychodiagnostics
2nd edition, revised, expanded Series
Editor-in-Chief Editorial Manager Editor
Art editor Proofreaders
The original layout has been prepared
S. Usmanov M. Churakov N. Migalovskaya V. Koroleva L. Komarova, N. Solntseva, N.
Viktorova N. Migalovskaya, M. Lebedeva
Dictionary-reference book on psychodiagnostics - St. Petersburg: Peter Kom, 1999. - 528 pp.: (Series
This book contains the most complete overview of all psychodiagnostic techniques,
existing in the world and used by professional psychologists. Here you are
you will find information about the developers of a particular test, the time of its creation,
structure, characteristics and application information. You will get an idea about
variety of stimulus material (samples of which are given in the book), about
mathematical apparatus used in psychodiagnostics. First edition
published in 1989 and became a reference book for all psychologists,
who managed to acquire it. Readers are invited to the revised and
a significantly expanded edition of this work.
c L. F. Burlachuk, S. M. Morozov, 1998 c Series, design. Publishing house,
1999
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any
in any form or by any means without written permission
copyright holders.
ISBN 5-88782-336-4
Ill. pels.-TBO . 196105, S.-]lerepfiypi, st. Blagodatnaya, 67. License -IP Ns
065361) dated 08/20/97. Signed in in.-4.ni> 01/28/99. Form.p. 70Х11)0,". Conditions p.l. 42.9.
]1ech;p offset. Don. circulation 10,000 copies. Order No. 388. O; printed with foyufprm and GS!
Chkalovsky Ave. 15.
Preface
Ten years have passed since the appearance of chological diagnostics on the book market>. Today, from the heights of past years, one can with satisfaction
to say that the book found its reader did not go unnoticed in the psychological
science. Moreover, despite the inexorable time, it is still
lies on the desks of practicing psychologists; professors and
students. The authors are well aware that the success of the book they wrote is partly due to
popularity of reference literature, especially in the field of psychology, which is still
for the time being does not have the same dictionaries and encyclopedias that our colleagues have at their disposal
abroad. Realizing the place of reference literature in our
psychological science, we are nevertheless inclined to contribute a considerable share of the popularity of this book
be considered as a consequence of the efforts that we made when working on
her.
Now the second edition is being presented to the Reader. Necessary
The importance of this publication is due primarily to the fact that in psychodiagnostics, as in any
another science, in addition to truths and for the time being unshakable provisions,
New ideas appear and develop, the arsenal of cognition methods is replenished
human individuality. It must also be admitted that in the first edition there were no
reflected (or reflected incompletely) some of those already included in the world by that time
psychodiagnostics of methods and concepts. Despite the wishes of the authors, it is possible to fully
present to the Reader everything that makes up modern psychodiagnostics, this
remains our most important task, and therefore, having completed work on the second edition, we
we are thinking about the third.
The new edition contains noticeably more space than the previous one, from
conducted using psychodiagnostic methods developed by CIS psychologists. Expanded co-
Having become foreign tests, new articles have been introduced that make it possible to more fully present
categorical-conceptual apparatus of psychological diagnostics. Clarifications have been made and
additions to what was previously published. Meeting the wishes of the Readers,
The entry to the reference dictionary has been supplemented with information on qualification requirements,
requirements for psychodiagnostic specialists abroad.
The authors consider it their pleasant duty to express sincere gratitude to those
nals and organizations whose participation made it possible to carry out work on the new publication
dictionary-reference book. First of all, this applies to our deeply respected colleagues,
professors Paulette Van Oost, Ina Van Bercke-laer-Onnes and William Yule, who provided
given the opportunity to work in their scientific departments and laboratories, as well as library
tekhs of Ghent (Belgium), Leiden (Holland) and London Universities, provided
provide all possible help and support. Long-standing and fruitful contacts with the Institute
psychology of the University of Munich, primarily in the person of its academic director
Werner Shuboe, to a large extent provided scientific space and physical time,
necessary for working on a reference dictionary. We are also sincerely grateful for
assistance to Professor Jerry Gamache (San Augustine, USA) and Elena Korzhova (Russia,
St. Petersburg), who contributed to the content of this book. special
We would like to express our gratitude to the staff of the Publishing House, all those
thanks to whose benevolent attention this book saw the light of day.
L. Burlachuk, S. Morozov. Kyiv, March 1998
The authors will be grateful for all comments and suggestions from readers. Our Website:
http:/ /www. ln.com.ua/-psydiag
List of accepted abbreviations and symbols
- For example
- employees
- point of view
- the so-called
- thousand
- asymmetry coefficient
- sum of squared deviations from the arithmetic mean (deviate), index
discrimination
- average absolute (linear) deviation
- confidence interval of the reliability coefficient
- kurtosis indicator
- Fisher criterion
- serial number of the variable, the value of the class interval
- number of degrees of freedom
- median
- fashion
- volume of the general population
- volume of the sample population, width of the interval for grouping characteristics
- probability of events, confidence level
- percentile
- absolute or relative frequency of individual variables in the aggregate
- theoretically expected frequencies
- frequency option in the correlation table
- coefficient of four-cell association (according to Yule)
- share of 1 - p variables in the sample
- reliability coefficient of the test part
- test reliability coefficient
ry - correlation coefficient between
signs
g;, - point biserial correlation coefficient g, - rank coefficient
correlation (according to Spearman) phi V - four-field coefficient
correlations
r - biserial correlation coefficient
S - standard deviation (for sample) S - mean square
deviations, sample variance (- Student's t-test U - ordinate of normal
curve U t - index of test task difficulty
V - coefficient of variation w - number of answer options for a test task
X, Y, Z - variable quantities, characteristics x, y, z - numerical values of varying
signs ~x - arithmetic mean of the sum
sample variables z - normalized deviation a - significance level D -
level of measurement accuracy in fractions of x sample d) - correlation ratio Q -
cubic average Z - summation sign st - standard deviation st", m -
standard measurement error t - rank correlation coefficient (according to Kendall) X2
- Pearson's goodness-of-fit test
A
PSYCHOLOGICAL AUTOBIOGRAPHIES - a set of techniques for obtaining data
psychological history - information about the most important events, stages of life
individual, attitude towards life and characteristics of anticipation. Data collection
psychological history, including the most general information about the subject and
features of the formation of his personality, is a mandatory element
psychodiagnostic examination. To obtain such general information (gender, age,
profession, social and family status, education, career advancement,
state of health, close relatives, etc.) a conversation, a questionnaire,
special techniques (for example, biographical questionnaires). Along with the above
means, A. p. implies obtaining additional and broader terms.
time perspective of a subjective description of life events, attitudes towards oneself and
others, assessments of past years and possible future events.
Autobiography is one of the earliest methods of personality research.
Compilation of A.P. by subjects was usually in the nature of oral or written
narratives reflecting the most important life events in the subject’s mind
events and combining with them descriptions of the mental state or dynamics of the course
diseases (in case of examination of persons suffering from certain diseases).
Obtaining information about the subject’s life, features of self-assessment of life
Retrospectives can be greatly facilitated by special techniques. One of them is
technique described by P. Rzichan (1983). The subject is offered
draw a horizontal line segment, where the extreme points indicate birth and
completion of life. After this, the subject selects an intermediate point, designated
which represents the present moment of time, in such a way that the ratio of the resulting segments
corresponded to the expected relationship between the duration of the previous
the moment of examination and subsequent life. On segments representing lived and
the rest of your life, the most important events that have happened or
expected with hope or fear. The subject can also outline conditional
ADA-------------------
life> (Fig. 1). This combination of schematic autobiography with the so-called.
gives a picture of life's path and anticipation, which can be
used as a starting point for further conversation with the subject.
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