Khabarovsk Territory. Background information about the Khabarovsk Territory. Lesson "relief of the Khabarovsk region"

Located in the Far East. In the north and south it borders with the Magadan Region, in the east - with Yakutia and the Amur Region, in the south - with China and the Primorsky Territory, in the west it is washed by the Sea of ​​Okhotsk and the Tatar Strait of the Sea of ​​Japan. Most of the territory is occupied by mountain ranges: Sikhote-Alin, Pribrezhny, Dzhugdzhur - in the east; Turana, Bureinsky, Badzhalsky, Yam-Alin - in the southwest; Yudomsky, Suntar-Khayata (height up to 2933 m) - in the north. In the north-west there is the Yudomo-May Highlands. The most extensive lowlands are: Lower and Middle Amur, Evoron-Tugur - in the south and central part, Okhotsk - in the north. Minerals: gold, tin, aluminum, iron, coal and brown coal, graphite, etc.

The main river is the Amur, and its tributaries: Bureya, Tunguska, Goryun, Amgun, Ussuri, Anyui. The rivers of the northwestern part of the region are Maya, Uchur (Lena basin). The rivers of the Sea of ​​Japan basin are Koppi and Tumnin, and the rivers of the Sea of ​​Okhotsk basin are Tugur, Uda, Ulya, Urak, Okhota, Inya. There are many shallow lakes: Bolon, Chukchagirskoye, Bolshoye Kizi, etc.

STORM, a river in the Far East of the Russian Federation, a left tributary of the Amur. Formed by the merger of pp. Right and Left Bureya. 623 km, basin area 70.7 thousand km2. The average water flow is 940 m3/s, the maximum is 18,100 m3/s. Splavnaya. Navigable 197 km from the mouth.

TUNGUSKA, a river in the Russian Far East, a left tributary of the Amur. It is formed by the confluence of the Urmi and Kur rivers. 86 km (with the Urmi River 458 km), basin area 30.2 thousand km2. The average water flow 37 km from the mouth is 380 m3/s. Splavnaya. Shipping.

AMGUN, a river in the Khabarovsk region, a left tributary of the Amur. 723 km, basin area 55.5 thousand km2. Average water flow 600 m3/s. Navigable for 330 km. Rich in fish (chum salmon, pink salmon, sturgeon).

USSURI, a river in the Russian Far East, partly along the border with China, the right tributary of the Amur. Length 897 km, basin area 193 thousand km2. It originates in the Sikhote-Alin mountains. For the most part, the river is flat (only in the middle reaches do mountain spurs approach the valley, forming rocky, steep banks); in many areas of the Ussuri there are meanders and branches, in the channel there are groups of islands. Flows into the Amur channel. The main tributary is Arsenyevka (left).

The food is predominantly rain (up to 60%), snow (in snowy winters - 30-35%) and underground. Flood from late March to August. The average water flow in the lower reaches is 1150 m3/s, the maximum is 10,520 m3/s. Frequent catastrophic spills are typical. It freezes in November and opens in April.

Rich in fish (grayling, kaluga, sturgeon, etc.; spawning pink salmon and chum salmon). Used for water supply. In the upper reaches it is raftable. Navigable from Lesozavodsk.

ANYUY, a river in the northeast of the Russian Federation, a right tributary of the Kolyma. Length 8 km (basin area 107 thousand km2); is formed by the confluence of the Big Anyui (693 km, basin area 57 thousand km2) and the Small Anyui (750 km, basin area 50 thousand km2). Average flow rate 650 m/s. Used for shipping, timber rafting, and fishing.

MAY, a river in the Khabarovsk Territory and Yakutia, the right tributary of the Aldan. 1053 km, basin area 171 thousand km2. Average water flow 1180 m3/s. Navigable 547 km from the mouth.

UCHUR, river in Khabarovsk region. and Yakutia, the right tributary of the Aldan. 812 km, basin area 113 thousand km2. Average water flow 1345 m3/s. Navigable 159 km from the mouth.

The climate is moderate monsoon, with cold winters with little snow and warm, humid summers. The average January temperature is from -22 °C in the south to -40 °C in the north, on the sea coast from -15 °C to -25 °C. The average July temperature ranges from +11 °C in the coastal part to +21 °C in the southern regions. Precipitation per year ranges from 400 mm in the north to 800 mm in the south and 1000 mm on the eastern slopes of Sikhote-Alin. The growing season in the south of the region is 170-180 days.

Permafrost is widespread in the north. The mountainous regions of the Khabarovsk Territory are located in the taiga zone (mountain larch and spruce-fir forests). In the Amur Lowland there are larch and oak-larch forests of the subtaiga type. Soddy-podzolic soils, meadow-marsh and swamp soils predominate. Forests (main species - larch, spruce, oak) occupy 1/2 of the territory. Significant areas of the Amur and Evoron-Tugur lowlands are occupied by pigweeds and swamps. The taiga preserves musk deer, elk, reindeer, brown bear, lynx, wolf, otter, sable, fox, ermine, weasel, weasel, wolverine, and squirrel. The mixed forests are inhabited by wapiti, roe deer, wild boar, etc. In lakes and rivers there are over 100 species of fish, incl. Amur pike, cupid, sturgeon, chebak, silver crucian carp, grayling, catfish, taimen, lenok, bream, carp, burbot, etc. In coastal sea waters - Pacific herring, flounder, smelt, halibut, cod, pollock, navaga, mackerel, chum salmon, pink salmon; of marine animals - seal, sea lion, beluga. On the territory of the Khabarovsk Territory there are the Bolshekhehtsirsky Nature Reserve, the Botchinsky Nature Reserve, the Bureinsky Nature Reserve, the Dzhugdzhursky Nature Reserve, and the Komsomolsky Nature Reserve.

DZHUGJUR RESERVE, located in the Khabarovsk Territory, in the mountains on the coast of the Sea of ​​Okhotsk (consists of three separate sections). The reserve was founded in 1990, its area is 859,956 hectares (53,700 hectares are occupied by marine waters). Most of the territory is occupied by mountains and plateaus, and a developed river network.

The climate of the reserve is monsoon, with cold winters and hot, humid summers. On the eastern slopes of the mountains, mountain light-coniferous taiga and thickets of dwarf cedar predominate, while on the gentle western slopes there are taiga forests of Ayan spruce. There are 480 plant species registered in the reserve, 18 rare species, two species are protected.

The fauna is rich. The most common mammals are elk, brown bear, sable, fox, wolf, and wild reindeer; There are bighorn sheep, musk deer, and black-capped marmot. The coastal waters are inhabited by seals - seals (hares), larga seals, and striped seals (lionfish). Of the 166 birds living in the reserve, 126 nest on the territory of the reserve, eleven are protected: osprey, peregrine falcon, golden eagle, Steller's and white-tailed eagles, fish eagle, gyrfalcon, grouse grouse, long-billed murrelet, mountain snipe. Fish include taimen, grayling, lenok, whitefish, chum salmon, pink salmon, char, and coho salmon.

KOMSOMOLSKY RESERVE, located in the basin of the Gorin River, a large left tributary of the Amur River, in the Khabarovsk Territory. The reserve was founded in 1963. Initially it consisted of two sections - Pivansky and Gursky, with a total area of ​​more than 32 thousand hectares. In the 1970s, the Pivansky site actually turned into a suburban area of ​​the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur, and the Gursky site was heavily damaged by fires in the dry autumn of 1976. In this regard, in 1980, the Komsomolsky Nature Reserve was allocated a new territory in the lower reaches of the Gorin River with an area of ​​more than 61 thousand hectares.

The relief of the territory is low-mountain, smooth, the watersheds are flat, completely covered with forest. The absolute average altitude of the reserve is 150-200 m, the maximum is up to 500 m. The climate is monsoon. The average annual temperature is 0.6–0.7 °C, the average July temperature is 19–20 °C (maximum 36-38 °C), the average January temperature is –24-25 °C (minimum –50 °C).

The forest type of vegetation predominates in the reserve; willow and alder forests grow on low floodplain terraces and islands on the Gorin River; ash forests grow on high floodplain terraces; On mountain slopes up to an absolute height of 400 m, cedar-broad-leaved forests grow; higher up they are replaced by fir-spruce forests. Background tree species are Ayan spruce, white fir, Korean cedar, Mongolian oak, birches (Manchurian and yellow), David aspen, Manchurian ash, long elm, Amur linden.
The fauna is rich; sable, brown bear, elk, reindeer, musk deer, and wild boar are typical. Rare species include the Far Eastern forest cat, Himalayan bear, harsa, badger, fish owl, black grouse, and blue magpie. Siberian grouse, mandarin duck, black stork, and Steller's sea eagle are listed in the Red Book of Russia. On the Gorin River there are spawning grounds for autumn chum salmon and pink salmon.

Geography

Khabarovsk Territory is located in the eastern part of the Russian Federation, in the Far Eastern Federal District. In the north it borders with the Magadan Region and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), in the west with the Jewish Autonomous Region, as well as China, in the south with the Primorsky Territory, from the north-east and east it is washed by the Sea of ​​Okhotsk, from the south-east by the Sea of ​​Japan. Sakhalin is separated from the island by the Tatarsky and Nevelskoy straits. In addition to the main continental part, the region includes several islands, among which the largest are the Shantar Islands. The total length of the coastline is about 2,500 km, including the islands - 3,390 km.
The territory of the region extends from south to north for 1,800 km, from west to east - for 125-750 km.
The territory of the region is dominated by mountainous terrain (over 70% of the territory). The east is occupied by the following ranges: Sikhote-Alin (highest point - Tardoki-Yani, 2077 m), Pribrezhny; southwest - Turana, Bureinsky, Badzhalsky, Yam-Alin (with altitudes from 750-1000 m to 2000-2500 m); in the north - Yudomsky, Suntar-Khayata (up to 2933 m); and the Yudomo-May Highlands (800-1200 m) - in the north-west. The most extensive lowlands are: Lower and Middle Amur, Evoron-Tugur - in the south and center of the region, Okhotsk - in the north. The mountainous regions of the Khabarovsk Territory are located in the taiga zone.
There are more than 120 thousand rivers and more than 55 thousand lakes in the Khabarovsk Territory. The vast majority of rivers, however, have a length of less than 10 km, and lakes are generally less than 1 square km in area. km. The largest lakes are Bolon, Chlya, Udyl, Bolshoye Keda, Orel, Chukchagirskoye, Evoron, Hummi.
About half of the territory of the Khabarovsk Territory is drained by tributaries of the Amur, the largest of which are: Bureya, Tunguska, Goryun, Amgun, Ussuri, Anyui, Gur. The rivers of the northwestern part of the region are Maya, Uchur (Lena basin). The rivers of the Sea of ​​Japan basin are Koppi and Tumnin, and the rivers of the Sea of ​​Okhotsk basin are Tugur, Uda, Urak, Okhota, Inya.

Climate

Climatic conditions vary both from north to south and depending on proximity to the sea. They are influenced by the nature of the terrain. Winter is long, with little snow, and harsh.
The average January temperature is from -22 degrees in the south and to -40 degrees in the north, on the coast from -18 degrees to -24. The absolute minimum temperature even in the south of the region reaches -50 degrees. Summer is hot and humid. The average July temperature in the south is +20, in the north +15 degrees.
The annual precipitation is 400-600 mm in the north and 600-800 mm on the plains and eastern slopes of the ridges. In the south of the region, up to 90% of precipitation falls from April to October, with especially high precipitation in July and August.
The growing season in the south of the region is 170-180 days.

Administrative-territorial structure

The Khabarovsk Territory includes 2 urban districts and 17 municipal districts, on the territory of which there are 29 urban settlements and 188 rural settlements.
Urban districts: “City of Khabarovsk” and “City of Komsomolsk-on-Amur”.
Districts of the region: Amursky, Ayano-Maysky, Bikinsky, Vaninsky, Verkhnebureinsky, Vyazemsky, Komsomolsky, Nanaisky, Nikolaevsky, Okhotsky, district named after. Lazo, district named after. Polina Osipenko, Sovetsko-Gavansky, Solnechny, Tuguro-Chumikansky, Ulchsky, Khabarovsk.

Population

The population of the region is 1,403,712 people. (2008). Compared to most regions of Russia, the Khabarovsk Territory is more urbanized, the share of the urban population is 80.4%, rural - 19.6%. The average population density in the region is about 1.8 people/km²; in the northern and central regions of the region it does not exceed 0.1-0.2 people/km², which corresponds to the indicators of the far north. Only the more southern, developed areas are more densely populated - from 1 to 6 people/km². National composition of the population: Russians (90%), Ukrainians (4%), Tatars (less than 1%) and others, among which representatives of indigenous peoples (Nivkhs, Orochi, Ulchi, Itelmens, etc.) make up less than 1.5%.

Flora and fauna

Permafrost is widespread in the north. The mountainous regions of the Khabarovsk Territory are located in the taiga zone (mountain larch and spruce-fir forests). In the Amur Lowland there are larch and oak-larch forests of the subtaiga type. Soddy-podzolic soils, meadow-marsh and swamp soils predominate. Forests (main species - larch, spruce, oak) occupy 1/2 of the territory. Significant areas of the Amur and Evoron-Tugur lowlands are also occupied by swamps. The taiga preserves musk deer, elk, reindeer, brown bear, lynx, wolf, otter, sable, fox, ermine, weasel, weasel, wolverine, and squirrel. The mixed forests are inhabited by wapiti, roe deer, wild boar, etc. In lakes and rivers there are over 100 species of fish, incl. Amur pike, cupid, sturgeon, chebak, silver crucian carp, grayling, catfish, taimen, lenok, bream, carp, burbot, etc. In coastal sea waters - Pacific herring, flounder, smelt, halibut, cod, pollock, navaga, mackerel, chum salmon, pink salmon; of marine animals - seal, sea lion, beluga. On the territory of the Khabarovsk Territory there are the Bolshekhehtsirsky Nature Reserve, the Botchinsky Nature Reserve, the Bureinsky Nature Reserve, the Dzhugdzhursky Nature Reserve, and the Komsomolsky Nature Reserve.

Economy

The Khabarovsk Territory occupies a key position in the transport system of the Far East. The Trans-Siberian and Baikal-Amur railways pass through the territory of the region, connected by two branches: Khabarovsk-Komsomolsk-on-Amur and Urgal-Izvestkovaya. An important transport axis passes through the Khabarovsk Territory - the Amur River with the ports of Khabarovsk, Komsomolsk-on-Amur and Nikolaevsk-on-Amur. Finally, Khabarovsk Airport is the most important hub for domestic and international air transport in the entire Asian part of Russia.
The basis of the economy of the Khabarovsk Territory is industrial production, the share of which in the regional gross product exceeds 50%. About 30% in the structure of industrial production of the region is occupied by mechanical engineering and metalworking, 19% by the fuel industry, 12.5% ​​by the forestry and woodworking industries, 14% by the food industry, 13% by non-ferrous metallurgy. The main feature of the industry is the high share of manufacturing industries (about 80% of total industrial production). The region produces almost the entire Far Eastern volume of steel, rolled products, petroleum products, the bulk of timber harvesting, and mechanical engineering products. One of the leading branches of the region's specialization is mechanical engineering, which is based on high technology, especially in the field of creating defense equipment. The region accounts for 42.7% of the mechanical engineering production in the Far East.

Natural resources

- a subject of the Russian Federation, part of the Far Eastern Federal District.

Square— 788.6 thousand sq. km.
Length: From south to north for 1,800 km. From west to east - 125-750 km.

Population— 1401.9 thousand people (2009 data)
Population density – 1.8 people. per 1 sq. km.
The share of the urban population is 80.6%, rural - 19.4%.

Administrative center- city of Khabarovsk.

Geographical location.
Khabarovsk Territory is located in the center of the Russian Far East. The territory of the region is dominated by mountainous terrain (over 70% of the territory). About three quarters of the region's territory is occupied by mountains and plateaus with altitudes from 500 to 2500 meters. The main mountain ranges - Sikhote-Alin, Pribrezhny, Dzhugdzhur - in the east; Turana, Bureinsky, Badzhalsky, Yam-Alin - in the southwest; Yudomsky, Suntar-Khayata (with the highest point, Mount Beryl - 2933 m) - in the north. In the northwest is the Yudomo-Mayskoye Highlands.

The largest flat area is the heavily swampy Middle Amur Plain, located on both sides of the Amur. The most extensive lowlands are also the Lower Amur, Evoron-Tugur - in the south and central part, and Okhotsk - in the north.

Land, water and air routes pass through the territory of the region, connecting the interior regions of Russia with Pacific ports, and the countries of the CIS and Western Europe with the states of the Asia-Pacific region.

In addition to the main continental part, the region includes some islands, including the largest - Shantar Islands. The total length of the coastline is about 2,500 km, including the islands - 3,390 km.
From the northeast and east the region is washed by the Sea of ​​Okhotsk, from the southeast by the Sea of ​​Japan. Sakhalin is separated from the island by the Tatarsky and Nevelskoy straits.
The territory of the region in the north is 430 km from the Arctic Circle.

Borders:
In the north - with the Magadan Region and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
In the southwest - with the Jewish Autonomous Region.
In the west - with the Amur region.
In the south - with the People's Republic of China and the Primorsky Territory.

Climate.
The climate is moderate monsoon. Spring in most parts of the territory begins in early March and is characterized by long duration and temperature instability. Summer throughout almost the entire territory, with the exception of coastal-sea areas, is hot and humid, since in July - early August tropical air masses characterized by high air humidity penetrate into the southern regions of the region. At the beginning of autumn, warm, dry weather sets in. Winter is characterized by sunny, little snowy weather with severe frosts, often accompanied by winds. On the coast the frosts are somewhat milder.

Climatic conditions change when moving from north to south and also depend on proximity to the sea, the shape and nature of the relief. These changes are quite significant.
The average January temperature ranges in continental areas from -22 degrees Celsius in the south to -40 degrees Celsius in the north. On the coast - from -18 degrees Celsius to -24 degrees Celsius. The absolute minimum temperature even in the south of the region reaches -50 degrees Celsius. The average July temperature in the south is +20 degrees Celsius, in the north – +15 degrees Celsius.
The growing season (with temperatures of 5 degrees C and above) is from 170 - 177 days in the southern regions, up to 130 days in the north.

The annual precipitation ranges from 400-600 mm in the north, to 600-800 mm on the plains and eastern slopes of the ridges and more than 1000 mm in the mountains. In the south of the region, up to 90% of precipitation falls from April to October, with especially high precipitation in July and August.
Permafrost is widespread in the north.

Water resources.
The region is washed by the Seas of Okhotsk and Japan.
In the Khabarovsk Territory there are about 210 thousand rivers with a total length of approximately 584 thousand km. About half of the territory of the Khabarovsk Territory is drained by tributaries of the Amur, one of the largest rivers in Russia. Its total length is 4440 km, including more than 1500 km in the region. It carries a huge mass of water over the edge, pouring below the city of Nikolaevsk-on-Amur into the Sea of ​​Okhotsk on average 346 cubic meters per year. km.

The largest tributaries of the Amur within the Khabarovsk Territory are the Ussuri, Bureya, Amgun, Bikin, Goryun, Anyui, Tunguska. A vast territory in the north of the region belongs to the Lena River basin (Maya River, Uchur River and others)
Also on the territory of the region are the rivers of the Sea of ​​Japan basin - Koppi and Tumnin and the Sea of ​​Okhotsk basin - Tugur, Uda, Ulya, Urak, Okhota, Inya. The rivers of the Amur region are fed mainly by monsoon rains; The rivers flowing into the Sea of ​​Okhotsk are predominantly snow-fed and floods occur in the spring.

There are over 58 thousand lakes in the region. The following lakes are located in the Amur basin: Bolon, Chukchagirskoye, Hummi, Bolshoi Kizi, Udyl, Orel, Chlya, Evoron.

Flora world.
The Khabarovsk Territory has powerful natural forest potential. The area of ​​the forest fund of the region as of 01.01.2009 is 73.7 million hectares (93.6% of the territory of the region), of which forest lands account for 57.9 million hectares (78.6% of the forest fund), in including 51.3 million hectares (69.5%) of forested land.

The forests are extremely diverse in composition and include representatives of the Far Eastern (Amur), Okhotsk-Kamchatka and East Siberian floristic regions. Per 1 hectare of forested area, reserves vary from 40-70 cubic meters. meters in the light-coniferous forests of the Okhotsk coast (north of the region) to 150-160 in the cedar-broad-leaved forests in the south. Coniferous forests are predominant, occupying more than 84% of the area covered by the main forest-forming species and more than 88% of their total stock: in the north, northwest and east, light coniferous forests of Daurian larch (the main species) and dark coniferous forests with a predominance of Ayan spruce and whitebark fir (southern part of the Okhotsk coast, lower reaches of the Amur, Sikhote-Alin, basins of the Amguni, Burey, Mai rivers). In the south of the region and in the Middle Amur Lowland there are mixed cedar-broad-leaved forests (Korean cedar, Manchurian ash, maples, elm, Mongolian oak, Manchurian walnut, Amur velvet, several types of birch, linden, etc.). They grow in the forests
personal species of lianas (Amur grape, lemongrass, actinidia). There are many sedge-reed grass meadows, floodplains and dry lands in the region. In the upper part of the mountains there is tundra with thickets of dwarf cedar.

Animal world.
The fauna is characterized by a combination of elements of the fauna of the northern and southern regions. The zone of coniferous forests is inhabited by ungulates (elk, wapiti, wild boar, roe deer, musk deer), fur animals (sable, weasel, fox, squirrel, muskrat, otter, brown bear, wolf, etc.), rodents (squirrel, chipmunk, etc.) , in the far north - reindeer, ermine, wolverine. In the forests of the region there are lynx, black (Himalayan) bear and Ussuri tiger, and the American mink has successfully acclimatized. In mixed forests there are wapiti, roe deer, East Asian wild boar, Manchurian hare, etc.

Common birds include: black grouse, Ussuri pheasant, Indian cuckoo, blue flycatcher, rock and gray thrushes, etc.; a lot of waterfowl.
In rivers and lakes there are over 100 species of fish, including sturgeon: Amur pike, cupid, sturgeon, chebak, silver crucian carp, grayling, catfish, taimen, lenok, bream, carp, burbot, etc. In coastal sea waters - Pacific herring , flounder, smelt, halibut, cod, pollock, navaga, mackerel; migratory salmon: chum salmon, pink salmon; of marine animals - seal, sea lion, beluga.

Minerals.
There are 360 ​​gold deposits recorded on the territory of the region; The mining industry accounts for 23.6% of gold production in the Far East region and 8.6% of the total Russian volume. The region ranks fifth in the Russian Federation in gold mining, and second in platinum mining.
There are deposits of hard and brown coal. In the region, the Adnikanskoye hydrocarbon deposit was discovered within the Verkhnebureinskaya depression.

The preliminary estimate of oil and gas resources is 500 million tons. There are seven large tin mining districts. Deposits of thermal and drinking mineral waters have been explored and exploited.

Description of the edge. One of the most sparsely populated regions of Russia. Formed on October 20, 1938, when the Far Eastern Territory was divided into Primorsky and Khabarovsk. The edge of the Earth, washed by the seas of the Pacific Ocean, where modern civilization is represented mainly in three large cities: Khabarovsk, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Amursk.

Most of the Khabarovsk Territory is a fantastically beautiful pristine nature, dominated by mountainous terrain and diverse forests. The basis of the economy is industry (21.4%), transport and communications (17.4%), trade (12.6%), construction (11.2%). The industry of the region is mechanical engineering, metalworking, mining, food, fishing, forestry and wood processing industries and oil refining.

Tourism of all types is well developed, from extreme and water tourism to cultural, educational and ethnographic, which is not surprising. After all, the Khabarovsk Territory is one of the most unique in Russia in terms of the diversity of flora and fauna, and ranks 9th out of 40 in the rating of attractiveness for tourists. If you want to conquer mountain peaks, go down the stormy streams of numerous rivers, visit deep and unexplored caves, or maybe you just want to relax calmly with a fishing rod on the shore and catch fish, which, however, can reach 6 meters, then the Khabarovsk region is simply created for you.

Sikhote-Alin. Photo by Elena Aseydulina

Geographical location. The Khabarovsk Territory in the southwest along the Kazakevichev channel borders on China, which in the 17th and 18th centuries actively interfered with the development of the region. Russian neighbors are the Primorsky Territory, the Jewish Autonomous Region, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Magadan Region, and the Amur Region. It is washed by the Seas of Okhotsk and Japan, and is separated from Sakhalin Island by two straits. The region also includes several islands, and one of the largest - the Shantar Islands - is included in the 7 wonders of the Khabarovsk Territory.

The main relief is mountains, the maximum height of which is 2933 meters. Khabarovsk Territory is located in a forest zone. Coniferous forests predominate, but to the south of the region there are also mixed forests. Most of the rivers are rivers of the Amur basin, which envelops the region like a web.

Bridge in Khabarovsk. Photo by Hardgainer

Population. The main problem of the Khabarovsk Territory is the concentration of the entire economy in a few largest cities, while the periphery remains in a very deplorable state. This fact, as well as the collapse of the USSR, which significantly worsened the economy of the Khabarovsk Territory, and the natural population decline due to a decrease in the birth rate, have led to the fact that since the 90s there has been a constant decrease in the number of residents. Since 1990, the population has decreased by 277,580 people and amounts to 1,342,083 people, 91.8% of whom are Russians. The bulk of the population lives in large cities.

Crime. Over the past five years, crime has halved, and detection rate has increased to 57%. The Far East has always been one of the criminal centers of Russia. The reason for this is the proximity of borders and the constant redistribution of territories and the economy. Therefore, in the Khabarovsk Territory the situation with organized crime still remains difficult, car theft, drug trafficking, illegal trade in natural resources, and juvenile delinquency are flourishing. The Ministry of Internal Affairs is successfully combating the latest disaster, creating, with the support of the regional government, people's squads and public formations aimed at preventing and preventing crimes.

Estimation of the unemployment rate. At the moment, the Khabarovsk Territory has recorded a record low unemployment rate of 1.55%, and it continues to decline. The main vacancies of the labor exchange are workers in the industrial, construction, trade and banking sectors. At the same time, the average salary is 35,000 rubles, which is significantly higher than that of the region’s neighbors. However, it is worth remembering that such a figure is typical for large settlements with a wide range of employment. The farther from them, the more dull and sad the situation becomes; there are places where people’s salaries are no higher than 6,000 rubles per month.

Property value. In Khabarovsk, for example, real estate is quite expensive - a normal one-room apartment will cost at least 2.4 million rubles, a 2-room apartment - 3.2 million rubles. Even renting a one-room apartment will cost no less than 20,000 rubles per month. Therefore, if you want to buy affordable housing, it is better to look for it in other, less populated cities. In Komsomolsk-on-Amur, for example, you can easily find a one-room apartment for 1.5 million rubles.

Climate. 430 km from the northernmost point of the Khabarovsk Territory to the Arctic Circle, and therefore the winters here are cold, severe, long and with little snow. In winter, the average temperature ranges from −22 degrees in the south of the Khabarovsk Territory to −35 in the north. The cold period lasts for six months, but the summer is hot with a lot of rain. However, if you decide to develop tourism, then it is best to choose the end of August and the beginning of autumn - this is when the climate becomes most stable, and the weather is clear and sunny.

Cities of Khabarovsk Territory

Feeling the power of the Far East, the Asians hid, and since then they have only stubbornly spoiled our environment: either the Chinese will release mercury and oil emissions into the Amur River, or the good Japanese will send a cloud from Fukushima as a gift.

Today Khabarovsk is a modern, developed city that has preserved the long-standing culture of Russia. Modern new buildings and ancient stone houses, churches, cathedrals, theaters and museums harmoniously coexist here with the latest shopping and entertainment centers, chain stores, and high-tech factories. It is rightly considered a science city, because on its territory there are more than 22 universities, many specialized schools and colleges, as well as several large scientific organizations. A developed economy, an almost complete absence of unemployment, ample opportunities for personal growth, interesting work, unique recreation, in short, no worse than Moscow, St. Petersburg and other million-plus cities.

Transport is also okay: a full range of everything except the metro. There are three airports, although one is military.

Among the undoubted advantages of the city are inexpensive real estate, low unemployment, good economy, and developed infrastructure. And of course, the unique nature - the city is located among the hills, giving the impression that you are in a mountain city. And the only downsides are the unfavorable environmental situation due to emissions from industrial facilities, and regular floods. But this is a problem for the entire Far East.