The ideological and artistic originality of the mtsyra. Compositions

Literature lesson for grade 8.

Topic: Artistic originality of the poem "Mtsyri" by M.Yu. Lermontov.

Lesson Objectives:

Educational:to acquaint students with the history of the creation of the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri", to identify the features of the composition of the work; update knowledge about the direction - romanticism, about romanticism in the character of the hero; continue developing skills in analytical work with text; develop students' ability to think critically; teach them to express their thoughts figuratively.

Developing:further development of the skills of expressive reading of a lyrical work, improvement of the ability to build a logically correct, consistent and eloquent statement (especially important for children who study Russian as a non-native one), compare, analyze, generalize.

Educational:to cultivate interest in the work of M.Yu. Lermontov.

Lesson type: formation of new knowledge.

Equipment: interactive whiteboard, presentation, portrait of M.Yu. Lermontov artist A.I. Klunder, illustrations for the poem "Mtsyri", cards with didactic material, textbook: G.S. Merkin "Literature" Grade 8.

During the classes:

1. Organizational moment.

2. Motivation.

– Guys, what poet's work will be discussed in our today's lesson?

The childhood of M.Yu. Lermontov was overshadowed by the early death of his mother, separation from his father. His beloved grandmother was engaged in his upbringing. He lived a short life, but managed to give world literature a lot of masterpieces. Write many beautiful poems, poems. Some of them even inspired composers to create wonderful romances.

– Look closely at the portrait of Lermontov, painted by the artist

A.I. Klunder in 1838.
– What did the artist try to convey in the portrait of the poet? (the artist diligently tried to convey the special expression of the poet's eyes).
- Why? (They say that the eyes are the mirror of the soul, because they help to convey the inner world of a person.).

3. Actualization of previously studied material.

– The feeling of loneliness haunted the poet all his life, and he conveyed this feeling in many of his works.
- Which of them do you remember? Which ones do you know by heart? (recitation of a poem by one of the students)
What works on historical themes have you read?

– Why do you think the poet turned to historical events and personalities in his works?

(Perhaps he was interested in the eternal problems of human dignity, opposition between the authorities and the people, will and lack of will. He tried to find ideals, he wanted to show how the new generation had changed.)

4. Teacher's word.

Lermontov's lyrics are distinguished by the internal unity of the lyrical hero. The image of the hero is not static, he “moves”, constantly changing, but this movement is deliberately slowed down by the author, in contrast to the development of the heroes of other poets of the 19th century. In the work of Lermontov, more and more often, the image of an ordinary, inconspicuous, tired person is indicated, not at all like the hero of the lyrics of a young poet. But still, these heroes are closely connected, this is due to the preservation of the main motives, the themes of the lyrics that permeate all the works of the poet and form the image of his hero.
Lyrica M.Yu. Lermontov was the rise of romanticism in Russian literature. This is explained by the fact that the lyrical hero of Lermontov is a romantic hero. He has the special qualities of a romantic: he fights, suffers, is in a rebellious search.
However, the theme of loneliness received special power in the image of the romantic hero Lermontov:

The generation of Lermontov is characterized by an era of timelessness. In his works, Lermontov writes about the fate of his contemporaries, about disappointment, loneliness, life without a goal. He gravitated toward the past, strove to create images full of strength, pride, and courage.

One of them is the hero of the poem "Mtsyri", which we will meet today.

5. Theme wording lesson (students formulate the topic together with the teacher, I also write down the epigraph to the poem)

6. Formation of knowledge and skills.

1) The performance of the student with an individual task. Information about the history of the creation of the poem.

The wonderful poem "Mtsyri" was written by M.Yu. Lermontov back in 1839, but even today continues to amaze the hearts of readers with epic and artistic beauty. Two years before writing the poem, the poet traveled around the Caucasus. And there, in that special environment, he met a man who later became the hero of his work. The features of his character were embodied in the image of a lyrical hero.

He met that young man while traveling along the Georgian military road. It was an elderly, wise monk. Lermontov was glad to meet him, since at the age of 17, he dreamed of writing such a work, where he would describe the transformation of an inexperienced youth into a wise monk. And having met a real monk, the poet was happy and inspired.

The story of his life is similar to the plot of the poem. He spent the years of his youth in captivity, escaped, but soon got lost in the mountains. Then he decided to stay in the monastery forever. Then he was initiated and became a monk. Then Lermontov took as a basis the life story and the image of a monk and wrote, a year later, this wonderful poem.

In addition, many researchers see the poet himself in the image of Mtsyri. The lyrical hero reflects mighty strength, inflexibility, will. But at the same time, he is a deep, soft and sincere person. The hero was vulnerable and sensitive, he fully felt the harmony of nature and tried with all his might to merge with it. It is important to note that the landscape in the poem is not just a romantic backdrop. It has a special function. She is also the hero of the poem. Mtsyri perceives the surrounding reality as part of himself. His nature strives for freedom, merges with the surrounding nature, is amazed and inspired by the beauty of the world.

Mtsyri is not afraid of dangers, his soul finds life in commonwealth with nature. He fearlessly fights with a wild leopard. He falls in love with a beautiful mountain girl, this feeling is so easy and tender for him, like a mountain wind. The plot of the work is not just dynamic and full of events, it is full of deep philosophical reasoning. A fight with a wild animal reveals the full power of the hero image, not only physical. Mtsyri wins, but the monks find him weak and lifeless and return him to his cell.

2) Heuristic conversation on the read poem.

How would you describe the mood in the poem?
What scenes impressed you the most?
- How do you imagine the image of the hero of the poem?

The teacher demonstrates a portrait of Mtsyra

– What impression does he make on you? Did they change as you got to know the character better?
- According to the genre, Mtsyri is a poem. Let's remember the definition of a poem.

The poem is a lyric-epic work that has a coherent storyline and expresses the feelings and experiences of the lyrical hero.

– This year we got acquainted with three main literary trends. Remind them.
- Which of them would you classify "Mtsyri" and why?

(to romanticism, since the main character is lonely, has a strong, freedom-loving character, strives for freedom, others do not understand him. In addition, he finds himself in a new environment for him, the action of the poem takes place against the background of the bright nature of the Caucasus.)

Do you think Mtsyri can be called a romantic hero?

Conclusion: A romantic hero is a complex, passionate person, whose inner world is unusually deep, endless; it is a whole universe full of contradictions.

When the image of the hero is significant, its interpretation to create an illustration becomes much more complicated.
(Demonstration of works by different artists) We can trace the differences in the images of the hero depicted by different artists. Each of them has his own Mtsyri. Each conveys the facial features, physique, mood and emotions of the hero differently. Perhaps the artists are faced with the problem of the ambiguity of the characteristics of the hero. Then how should Mtsyri be portrayed?
From 1863 to 2005, more than forty portraits of the hero were created.
L. O. Pasternak depicted the scene of a conversation between Mtsyri and a black man. In the movements of the hero's hands, one can feel an impulse directed to freedom, to the wild nature, to his native land. The young monk is contrasted with the static figure of the old monk. The artist used the method of plastic variations to individualize the images of each of the characters. F. D. Konstantinov portrayed Mtsyri as bold and strong. I. S. Glazunov showed him in opposite states, tense and peaceful.
Try to answer what is the reason for the appearance of such different images of the same hero in the imagination of artists?
The hero of the poem has qualities that need to be identified in order to understand the intention of M.Yu. Lermontov, to analyze existing and to create new illustrations.

We have studied the pictorial and literary images of the protagonist.

What conclusion can be drawn?
- in his hero, M.Yu. Lermontov embodied everything that, in his opinion, his contemporaries lacked: “eternal search”, an impulse to freedom, the right to “restless movement” of the spirit; for all the diversity of Mtsyri's essences, he remains an integral figment of the writer's imagination.

3) Verification work.

– It is impossible to find out the compositional features of the poem without knowing the terminology of literature. So let's do a little test with you. .

In the cards you need to establish correspondence between literary terms and their meanings.

4) Creation of a problem situation.

–Guys, in your opinion, how does the epigraph relate to the theme of the work?

The theme “Mtsyri” is an image of a strong, courageous, freedom-loving young man who grew up in the captivity of a gloomy monastery, suffering from a hard life and deciding to break free at all costs just when it was most dangerous:

And at the hour of the night, a terrible hour.
When the storm scared you
When, crowding at the altar,
You lay prostrate on the ground
I ran.

The theme of the poem echoes the theme of the biblical legend, raises questions: is a person free to dispose of himself, his life, does he have the right to independence?

– Define an idea.

The idea of ​​the poem is the struggle for freedom. Better three days of real life in the wild than many years of confinement within the walls of a monastery. Where a person does not live11 fully, but exists. Perhaps death is better for a hero than life in a monastery.

5) A conversation about the plot and composition of the poem.

– The poem has 26 chapters. Why did Lermontov need 24 more chapters, when all the events of the young man's life have already been told in the first two chapters? (to reveal the complex experiences of the hero that he experienced when he was at large.)
- What did Mtsyri see on the loose?
What did he do when he broke out of the monastery?
– What did the hero learn about himself in three blissful days? That he is a man, why he was created, why he lives.
What is the structure of the poem?

(The composition is very peculiar: after a short introduction, depicting a view of an abandoned monastery, the second chapter tells the life of the hero, his confession to the monk. Thus, the author told about the life of the hero in 2 chapters, and a whole written about the three days spent in freedom poem. And this is understandable, since three days of liberty gave the hero as many impressions as he had not received in many years of monastic life.)

Conclusion: thus, we can say that the composition is frame

– Why do you think the story is given to the hero?

(In the center of the poem is the image of a young man placed in unusual conditions. The monastic existence is poor in external events, it does not bring joy to a person, but it cannot destroy his aspirations and impulses. The author focuses on these aspirations, on the inner world of the hero, and external the circumstances of his life only help to reveal his character.His monologue allows you to penetrate into the innermost thoughts and feelings of the hero, although the young man at first declares that the story is only about what he saw and what he did, and not what he experienced (“can you tell the soul? he turns to the monk.

6) Lexical work.

– Determine the lexical meaning of the word "confession".

The word "confession" has the following meaning:

1. Repentance for sins before a priest; a frank confession of something;
2. Communication of your thoughts, views.

– In what sense do you think this word is used in the poem?

7. Consolidation of knowledge and skills.

A) Group work (in pairs)

– The composition of the monologue - confession makes it possible to gradually reveal the inner world of the hero. Look at the text, draw up a composition scheme.

B) Analytical conversation.

We can say that the whole poem is a confession in which the young monk tells about what happened to him during the three days of freedom. But to call Mtsyri's monologue a confession is not entirely correct: the monk's passionate story is not imbued with a sense of repentance, and he does not intend to talk about his sinful thoughts and beg forgiveness for them. This is reminiscent of a sermon, because Mtsyri defends his right to freedom and happiness, Mtsyri denies monastic foundations:"stuffy cells and prayers" , "dark walls" in which he grew up -"a child with a soul, a monk with a destiny" .

He understands that fate has deprived him of his homeland, home, family - everything that ordinary people who have grown up in freedom have. He was forced to defy fate and fearlessly ventured to escape on a terrible cold night. Mtsyri is unshakable and even in the face of death says:

The grave doesn't scare me...

Such courage and courage are born of the dream of being free. The thirst for freedom is prompted by the greatness of the Caucasian mountains, which are talking with the hero and the sky. Need"go to your native country" born of loneliness, desire"at least for a moment to press the flaming chest" to your own chest. A few days spent by Mtsyri outside the walls of the monastery strengthened it. During this short period of time, he learned what happiness and love are, he learned the price of human life and freedom. Now he has a desire to enter into an argument with the old man who came to listen to the story of the young man.

The main part of the poem was supposed to be a struggle: on the one hand, the obedience of a monk, the rejection of everyday joys and the hope for another, afterlife, on the other, the need for struggle, the desire for will, opposition to spiritual slavery, the struggle against the sacred order.

Only the struggle is impossible, because only Mtsyri speaks. He vainly appeals to the black man with an appeal to him to answer his questions. And he himself does not seem to listen to him, because he can only hear what is happening in his soul. He is so full of impressions and emotions that he is unable to express everything in words. There, behind the wall, a new wonderful, alluring world opened up for him.

Tothe climax of the poem you can designate a scene of a fight with a leopard. The hero went out alone against a ferocious predator. But the unarmed Mtsyri turns out to be stronger and more agile than the beast, because he is controlled not only by the instinct of self-preservation. They are driven by inspiration. And he is inspired by nothing more than a thirst for freedom and a free life. He throws all his strength to victory, but does not dare not recognize the power of the defeated beast:

In his confession, the monk talks about his life in the monastery. There is an image of an ancient monastery with small cells, strict laws and an atmosphere where all natural aspirations are prohibited.

Conclusion: The whole poem is saturated with deep emotionality and a fit of passion. The theme of the poem and the images described in it have been relevant for many years. In the poem, the author reflected his life philosophy. This is a work about the value of human life, which for Lermontov is reflected in the right to choose, in freethinking, in a sense of dignity, in a vivid desire for freedom. The poem "Mtsyri" by M.Yu. Lermontov reveals the scale of the personality of the poet himself. The lyrical hero is very close to the poet himself. They have a common philosophy, worldview. This poem is rightfully considered a great achievement of Russian romanticism. All life for Lermontov, like a poem, is like an endless improvisation that absorbs the reader from the first lines and flows with a stormy stream of love for life.

8. Reflection.

9. Definition of differentiated homework:

Prepare a retelling of “The life of Mtsyri in the monastery. The image of a young monk.

Expand the meaning of the word freedom according to the explanatory dictionary.

Answer the questions:
What is the purpose of Mtsyra's escape from the monastery? (in writing)
Find landscape sketches. Determine their significance for the artistic appearance of the poem.
Mark the artistic techniques used by Lermontov when depicting his hero.
What episodes of Mtsyri's three-day wanderings do you consider especially significant? Why?

Annex A

1. Set the correspondence of literary terms and their meanings.

One of the favorite books of youth is Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri". Passionate, written as if in one breath, it is close to youth with an irresistible impulse to happiness, brightness and certainty of feelings. Since the end of the last century, the poem has taken a firm place in the annals of Russian literature. The main idea that needs to be conveyed is the idea of ​​the indestructibility of the human desire for freedom and happiness and the naturalness of this desire. The main feeling is a feeling of pride in a person for whom death is better than life in captivity and away from home. The plot of the poem is simple: is it the story of Mtsyri's short life, the story of his failed attempt to escape from the monastery? Mtsyri's life is poor in external events; we only learn that the hero never experienced happiness, from childhood he was captured, suffered a serious illness and found himself alone in a foreign land and among strangers, monks. The young man makes an attempt to find out why a person lives, for what he was created. Escape from the monastery and three-day wanderings: they acquaint Mtsyri with life, convince him of the meaninglessness of the monastic existence, bring a sense of joy in life, but do not lead to the desired goal - to return the homeland and freedom. Not finding a way to his native country, Mtsyri again ends up in a monastery. His death is inevitable; in his dying confession, does he tell the monk about everything that he managed to see and experience during the “three blessed days”? In the poem, such a sequence in the presentation of the plot is not sustained. The composition of "Mtsyri" is very peculiar: after a short introduction, depicting the view of an abandoned monastery, in a small second chapter-stanza, Mtsyri's whole life is told in a calm epic tone; and all the other stanzas (there are 24 of them) represent the hero's monologue, his confession to the black man. Thus, the author spoke about the life of the hero in two stanzas, and a whole poem was written about the three days spent by Mtsyri at large. And this is understandable, since three days of liberty gave the hero as many impressions as he had not received in many years of monastic life. In the center of the poem is the image of a young man placed by life in unusual conditions. Monastic existence is poor in external events, it does not bring joy to a person, but it cannot destroy his aspirations and impulses. The author focuses on these aspirations, on the inner world of the hero, and the external circumstances of his life only help to reveal the character. Mtsyri's monologue allows the reader to penetrate into the innermost thoughts and feelings of the hero, although the young man at the beginning declares that his story is only about what he saw and what he did, and not what he experienced (“can you tell the soul? ' he turns to the monk). The composition of the monologue makes it possible to gradually reveal the inner world of the hero. First (stanzas 3, 4, 5) Mtsyri talks about his life in the monastery and reveals something that was not known to the monks. An outwardly submissive novice, "a child's soul, a monk's fate", he was possessed by a fiery passion for freedom (stanza 4), a youthful thirst for life with all its joys and sorrows (stanza 5). Behind these dreams and aspirations of Mtsyri, the circumstances and reasons that brought them to life are guessed. There is an image of a gloomy monastery with stuffy cells, inhuman laws and an atmosphere where all natural aspirations are suppressed. Then Mtsyri tells what he saw "in the wild." The "wonderful world" he discovered contrasts sharply with the gloomy world of the monastery. The young man is so carried away by the memories of the living pictures he saw (and they lead him to thoughts about his native village) that he seems to forget about himself, says almost nothing about his feelings. About what pictures he remembers and what words he paints, his fiery, whole nature in his aspirations is revealed. Finally, in the following stanzas (starting from the 8th), Mtsyri tells about the external events of the three-day wandering, about everything that happened to him in freedom, and about everything that he felt and experienced during these days of free life. Now the sequence of events is not broken, we move step by step with the hero, vividly imagine the world around him and follow his every spiritual movement. The last two stanzas are Mtsyri's farewell to life and his testament. Unable to return to his homeland, Mtsyri is ready to die. But even before his death, he refuses to recognize the existence of a monastery. His last thoughts are about the motherland, freedom, life. Having briefly examined the composition of the poem, it is easy to show its justification and regularity. The peculiarity of the composition is not only in the displacement of the sequence of events, but in the fact that all of them are shown through the subjective perception of the hero. It is not the author who describes the experiences and feelings of Mtsyri, but the hero himself talks about them. The lyrical element prevails in the poem, and the epic narrative included in the hero's monologue is focused on the individual, most intense moments of the action (meeting with a Georgian woman, fight with a leopard. It aims to deepen the impression of certain properties and features of the hero. In the poem, everywhere on the first place the hero, not the event.The character of the hero largely determines the plot.All these features of the composition are to one degree or another characteristic of a romantic poem. Courageous, brave, proud, inspired by one dream, Mtsyri does not seem to be a harsh person or a fanatic of his passion. With all the fieryness and strength of his dream, she is deeply humane, and the character of the young man is fanned not by severity or "savagery", as they wrote in pre-revolutionary methodological manuals, but by poetry. Poetic, first of all, is the hero's perception of the world as something infinitely beautiful, giving a person a feeling of happiness. Mtsyri is akin to the nature around him, he merges with it both when he admires the purity of the vault of heaven (“... I drowned in it with my eyes and soul”), and when he experiences a frenzy of struggle (as if I myself were born in a family of leopards and wolves ", says the young man). The feelings of delight and joy experienced by him are poetic. His attitude to the Georgian woman is poetic. This is a dreamy, vague premonition of love, giving rise to sweet melancholy and sadness. Mtsyri understands the uniqueness and charm of this feeling, it is no accident that he says: * Memories of those minutes * In me, let them die with me. Thus, Mtsyri is a powerful, fiery nature. The main thing in him is the passion and fiery pursuit of happiness, which is impossible for him without freedom and homeland, intolerance to life in captivity, fearlessness, courage, courage and courage. Mtsyri is poetic, youthfully gentle, pure and whole in his aspirations.

The poem “Mtsyri” is a typically romantic work (the unity of man with nature is a scene of a thunderstorm and an escape from a monastery; romantic love is a meeting with a Georgian woman; a fight is a duel with a leopard; freedom is an escape from a monastery, which is the personification of unfreedom). The theme of the motherland found a vivid expression in the work. The composition of the poem is closed.

Mtsyri, by the will of fate, returns to the monastery (the romantic idea of ​​irresistible fate, the pessimistic pathos of the work).
V. G. Belinsky
“What a fiery soul, what a mighty spirit, what a gigantic nature this Mtsyri has! This is the favorite ideal of our poet, this is the reflection in poetry of the shadow of his own personality.
“Despite the immaturity of the idea and some tension in the content of Mtsyri, the details and presentation of this poem are amazing in their execution. It can be said without exaggeration that the poet took flowers from the rainbow, the rays from the sun, the sparkle from the lightning, the roar from the thunders, the rumble from the winds - that all nature itself carried and gave him materials when he wrote this poem.

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19. The poem "Vasily Terkin" became a milestone for all Russian poetry. She continued Pushkin's tradition of creating a realistic verse novel about a typical member of the younger generation. In Tvardovsky's orientation to "Eugene Onegin" was combined with the desire to present an artistic generalization of the national character. This went against the prevailing image of the hero in Soviet literature as an active builder or defender of the socialist state, […]
20. In my opinion, the romantic poem "Mtsyri" is one of the best in the work of M. Yu. Lermontov. The author managed to create a vivid and lively image of the protagonist of the poem - lonely, but rebellious, driven by a dream and not accepting reality, seeking harmonious unity with nature. We meet Mtsyri in the monastery, where he ended up as a six-year-old child, captured by a Russian general. […]...
21. Researchers, as a rule, do not consider it necessary to note the artistic originality of Lermontov's poem, which in many respects was built in sharp contradiction to the canons of romantic aesthetics - they categorically and unequivocally state: "Mtsyri" is a romantic poem. Such a statement practically completes the study of the poem; the task is greatly facilitated by the descriptive approach: to list in proof of the thesis the well-known features of the traditional romantic poem. A special place occupies […]
22. Mtsyri is the main character of the poem “Mtsyri” by Lermontov, which the poet wrote in 1839. The name itself contains a hint of the future fate of the hero, because “mtsyri” can be translated from Georgian in two different ways. In the first case, it will turn out “monk, novice”, in the second - “stranger, foreigner”. Between these two poles, Mtsyri's life passes. His story begins […]
23. The Caucasus, with its pristine beauty, has repeatedly attracted Russian poets, but, perhaps, the theme of the beauty of southern nature manifested itself most clearly in the work of Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. Having visited for the first time in the vicinity of Pyatigorsk at the age of ten, he was forever intoxicated by the majestic beauty of Mount Mashuk, at the foot of which he died before reaching the full 28 years. When in 1837 […]
24. Find out, for the will or prison We will be born into this world. M. Lermontov. Mtsyri M. Yu. Lermontov for all the time of his creative activity managed to create many vivid and memorable images. Among them, I am most attracted to the romantic hero Mtsyri from the poem of the same name. Since childhood, cut off from his homeland, home, friends and relatives, he cherishes in his heart [...] ...
25. In terms of genre, “Song…” is a historical poem in folk style. It is proved that Lermontov did not rely on any source. Features of the composition: beginning, refrain and ending (the appeal of the guslars to the king is a connection with the traditions of oral folk art). There are two points of view on the conflict in the “Song…”: 1. The conflict between Kalashnikov, whose image reflected the best features of the representative of the people, and […]...
26. Not far from a monastery in Georgia, a Russian general is carrying a captive six-year-old child with him from the mountains. On the way, the captive fell ill, did not eat anything and “quietly, proudly died.” One monastery monk leaves the child with him. Having been baptized, the boy was soon to become a monk too. On an autumn night, the young man suddenly disappears, and after a three-day search, he is found unconscious [...] ...
27. Realistic and romantic beginnings in the writer's work. The work of M. Yu. Lermontov is the post-Pushkin stage in the development of Russian poetry. It reflects an important period in the public consciousness of the advanced noble intelligentsia, which did not put up with the lack of spiritual and political freedom, but after the defeat of the Decembrist uprising was deprived of the opportunity for open struggle. The consciousness of the broken connection of times gave rise to a sense of one's own [...] ...
28. FEATURES OF THE POEM GENRE IN THE WORKS OF M. YU. LERMONTOV (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE POEM “MTSYRI”) The essay was written in the classroom based on the results of studying the topic. 4 academic hours were allotted for preparation and writing. The essay was analyzed by three classmates of the author. The work is an analysis of the poetics of the poem "Mtsyri". The author of the work pointed out, first of all, the genre-forming features of the romantic poem, correctly noting the fusion [...] ...
29. Painting of the ruins of a monastery in Georgia. The Russian general is carrying with him a captive child of six years old "from the mountains to Tiflis." He fell ill on the way, “he rejected food with a sign, and quietly, proudly died.” One of the monks leaves the boy with him. At first, he lives aloof from everyone, “wandered silently, alone, looked, sighing, to the east.” He was christened, soon he [...] ...
30. Mtsyri's poem is one of the last classic examples of Russian romantic poetry. The problematics of this work is closely connected with the central themes of Lermontov's lyrical work: the theme of loneliness, dissatisfaction with the outside world, the thirst for struggle and freedom. Mtsyri is a hero-fighter who protests against violence against a person. He longs for will, freedom, asks for storms, like a sail, not satisfied with the quiet fate of a monk, not submitting to fate: Such […]...
31. The personality of M. Yu. Lermontov is now seen in the totality of historical and social ties, he moves further and further away from the poeticization of the rebellious and tragic hermit hero. Such a reassessment of the traditional ideas of romanticism can be traced both in the works of the mature Lermontov and in later editions of The Demon. Lermontov began work on the poem in 1829, by 1831 he had outlined four of her [...] ...
32. Mtsyri is the protagonist of the romantic poem by N. Yu. Lermontov ... what a mighty spirit, what a gigantic nature this Mtsyri has! V. G. Belinsky. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri" is a romantic work. In it, the author refers to an unusual hero with a tragic fate, existing in an unusual environment. What made Lermontov come up with just such a plot for his poem? I think the writer, not seeing [...]
33. M. Yu. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri" is a striking phenomenon of romantic literature. The work preserves all the necessary canons of romanticism: one hero, in which the abstract “beloved ideal” is embodied - a man striving for freedom, the transfer of his emotional experiences; conditional plot; extended monologue; tension; exaggeration of experiences; sharply strong-willed intonation. In accordance with the traditions of romanticism, the integrity of Mtsyri's personality is associated with the idea of ​​[...] ...
34. M. Yu. Lermontov's poem “Mtsyri” is a striking phenomenon of romantic literature. The work preserves all the necessary canons of romanticism: one hero, in which an abstract “beloved ideal” is embodied – a man striving for freedom, the transfer of his emotional experiences; conditional plot; extended monologue; tension; exaggeration of experiences; sharply strong-willed intonation. In accordance with the traditions of romanticism, the integrity of the personality of Mtsyri [...] ...
35. M. Yu. Lermontov entered Russian literature as a successor to the traditions of A. S. Pushkin and the Decembrist poets, but at the same time, his poetry became a new link in the chain of development of national culture. The romantic poem "Mtsyri" is one of the pinnacles of the poet's artistic heritage. The poem is based on a real fact. Mtsyri could become one of the victims of the Caucasian war, but [...] ...
36. ... Then my soul's anxiety humbles itself, Then the wrinkles on my forehead disperse, - And I can comprehend happiness on earth, And in heaven I see God ... M. Lermontov, “When the yellowing field is agitated ...” Lermontov's poetic world is rich and diverse. In it, both the outstanding, gifted skeptic Pechorin, and the embittered, devastated by hatred Demon, who despises the insignificance of the earth, are doomed to eternal life, [...] ...
37. One of the peaks of Lermontov's artistic heritage is the poem "Mtsyri", which raises the most important questions of morality, fate, the problems of freedom and the place of the motherland in people's lives. In the poem "Mtsyri" the action develops in two directions: longing for the ideal, striving for distant, but close to the heart, Russia, and the wandering of the hero who fled from the monastery. Lermontov develops the idea of ​​courage and protest, which […]...
38. The poem "Mtsyri" was written by M. Yu. Lermontov in 1839. This is a romantic work, where, according to the main principle of romanticism, we see an exceptional hero in exceptional circumstances. The protagonist of this poem is the Caucasian youth Mtsyri, who was captured by the Russians, and from there to the monastery. The work is written in the form of his confession. The narrative is preceded by an epigraph: “Eating, tasting little [...] ...
39. Mtskheta is the ancient capital of Georgia, founded there, “where, merging, they make noise, / Embracing, like two sisters, / The jets of Aragva and Kura”. Right there, in Mtskheta, is the Svetitskhoveli Cathedral with the tombs of the last kings of independent Georgia, who “handed over” “their people” to Russia of the same faith. Since then (the end of the 17th century) the grace of God overshadows the long-suffering country - it blooms and prospers, [...] ...
40. The action of M. Yu. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri" takes place in the Caucasus, in a local monastery where peaceful monks lived. A Russian general passing by the monastery left a captive, exhausted child of about six years old for the monks. The boy languished in captivity, did not eat, avoided communication, "looked, sighing, to the east ...". The monks left the infidel, who remained in the monastery, but still yearned “for his side [...] ...

The ideological and artistic originality of M. Yu. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri"

Artistic originality of the poem "Mtsyri"

One of the favorite books of youth is Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri". Passionate, written as if in one breath, it is close to youth with an irresistible impulse to happiness, brightness and certainty of feelings. Since the end of the last century, the poem has taken a firm place in the annals of Russian literature. The main idea that needs to be conveyed is the idea of ​​the indestructibility of the human desire for freedom and happiness and the naturalness of this desire. The main feeling is a feeling of pride in a person for whom death is better than life in captivity and away from home.

from childhood he was taken prisoner, suffered a serious illness and found himself alone in a foreign land and among strangers, monks. The young man makes an attempt to find out why a person lives, for what he was created. Escape from the monastery and three-day wanderings: they acquaint Mtsyri with life, convince him of the meaninglessness of the monastic existence, bring a sense of joy in life, but do not lead to the desired goal - to return the homeland and freedom. Not finding a way to his native country, Mtsyri again ends up in a monastery. His death is inevitable; in his dying confession, does he tell the monk about everything that he managed to see and experience during the “three blessed days”? In the poem, such a sequence in the presentation of the plot is not sustained. The composition of "Mtsyri" is very peculiar: after a short introduction, depicting the view of an abandoned monastery, in a small second chapter-stanza, Mtsyri's whole life is told in a calm epic tone; and all the other stanzas (there are 24 of them) represent the hero's monologue, his confession to the black man. Thus, the author spoke about the life of the hero in two stanzas, and a whole poem was written about the three days spent by Mtsyri at large. And this is understandable, since three days of liberty gave the hero as many impressions as he had not received in many years of monastic life.

his aspirations and impulses. The author focuses on these aspirations, on the inner world of the hero, and the external circumstances of his life only help to reveal the character. Mtsyri's monologue allows the reader to penetrate the innermost thoughts and feelings of the hero, although the young man at the beginning declares that his story is only about what he saw and what he did, and not what he experienced (“can you tell the soul?” - he turns to the monk ).

a novice, "a child's soul, a monk's fate", he was possessed by a fiery passion for freedom (stanza 4), a youthful thirst for life with all its joys and sorrows (stanza 5). Behind these dreams and aspirations of Mtsyri, the circumstances and reasons that brought them to life are guessed. There is an image of a gloomy monastery with stuffy cells, inhuman laws and an atmosphere where all natural aspirations are suppressed.

"at will". The "wonderful world" he discovered contrasts sharply with the gloomy world of the monastery. The young man is so carried away by the memories of the living pictures he saw (and they lead him to thoughts about his native village) that he seems to forget about himself, says almost nothing about his feelings. About what pictures he remembers and what words he paints, his fiery, whole nature in his aspirations is revealed. Finally, in the following stanzas (starting from the 8th), Mtsyri tells about the external events of the three-day wandering, about everything that happened to him in freedom, and about everything that he felt and experienced during these days of free life. Now the sequence of events is not broken, we move step by step with the hero, vividly imagine the world around him and follow his every spiritual movement.

The last two stanzas are Mtsyri's farewell to life and his testament. Unable to return to his homeland, Mtsyri is ready to die. But even before his death, he refuses to recognize the existence of a monastery. His last thoughts are about the motherland, freedom, life. Having briefly examined the composition of the poem, it is easy to show its justification and regularity. The peculiarity of the composition is not only in the displacement of the sequence of events, but in the fact that all of them are shown through the subjective perception of the hero. It is not the author who describes the experiences and feelings of Mtsyri, but the hero himself talks about them. The lyrical element prevails in the poem, and the epic narrative included in the hero's monologue is focused on the individual, most intense moments of the action (meeting with a Georgian woman, fight with a leopard. It aims to deepen the impression of certain properties and features of the hero. In the poem, everywhere on the first place the hero, not the event.The character of the hero largely determines the plot.All these features of the composition are to one degree or another characteristic of a romantic poem.

Courageous, brave, proud, inspired by one dream, Mtsyri does not seem to be a harsh person or a fanatic of his passion. With all the fieryness and strength of his dream, she is deeply humane, and the character of the young man is fanned not by severity or "savagery", as they wrote in pre-revolutionary methodological manuals, but by poetry. Poetic, first of all, is the hero's perception of the world as something infinitely beautiful, giving a person a feeling of happiness. Mtsyri is akin to the nature around him, he merges with it both when he admires the purity of the vault of heaven (“... I drowned in it with my eyes and soul”), and when he experiences a frenzy of struggle (as if I myself were born in a family of leopards and wolves,” says the young man). The feelings of delight and joy experienced by him are poetic. His attitude to the Georgian woman is poetic. This is a dreamy, vague premonition of love, giving rise to sweet melancholy and sadness. Mtsyri understands the uniqueness and charm of this feeling, it is no coincidence that he says:

Thus, Mtsyri is a powerful, fiery nature. The main thing in him is the passion and fiery pursuit of happiness, which is impossible for him without freedom and homeland, intolerance to life in captivity, fearlessness, courage, courage and courage. Mtsyri is poetic, youthfully gentle, pure and whole in his aspirations.