Population of the globe - description, features and interesting facts. Distribution of races on the surface of the earth

1. Racial composition of the world population
Race is a historically established group of people who have similar external and internal characteristics that are inherited.
The division of humans into races began in prehistoric times, tens of thousands of years ago. It is possible that the emergence of races was influenced by local environmental conditions, although this is not always easy to establish.
Currently, there are three types of races: main (large), mixed and transitional. There are four main or large races on the globe: Caucasoid (about 40% of the world's population), Mongoloid (about 20%), Negroid (10%), Australoid (less than 1%). Thus, these four races comprise about 70% of the world's population.
The rest of its inhabitants belong to transitional races. These races were formed a long time ago, in prehistoric times, as a result of prolonged interracial mixing. There are many transitional races, but in terms of the number of representatives and area of their range they are significantly inferior to the main races. The transitional races include Ethiopian, Malay and other races.
Another racial category is sometimes called mixed races, formed as a result of interracial marriages already in historical time, that is, relatively recently. The formation of mixed races took place especially intensively in America during the process of its colonization by Europeans and the movement of a large number of black slaves from Africa. Hence the names of the transitional races: mestizo, mulatto, sambo. Among the descendants of interracial marriages, the transmission of racial characteristics by inheritance does not always occur. This is why some experts consider mixed races to be real races.
Initially, the distribution areas of the main races looked like this:
-the Caucasian race settled within North Africa, almost all of Europe and South-West Asia;
- the Negroid race developed in Africa south of the Sahara;
- the Mongoloid race dominated north of the Himalayas.
As a result of the long process of human settlement around the planet, the boundaries of habitats have changed greatly, and the number of races has increased.
Based on the main characteristics (skin color, structure of the facial part of the head, the nature of the hair, body proportions), anthropologists distinguish large races of people: Caucasoid, Mongoloid, Negroid and Australoid.
Races began to form at the end of the Stone Age on the basis of the largest territorial populations. It is possible that there were two main primary centers of race formation: western (Euro-African) and eastern (Asian-Pacific). In the first center, Negroids and Caucasoids were formed, and in the second, Australoids and Mongoloids. Later, during the development of new lands, mixed racial populations arose. For example, in North and East Africa, as well as in the south of Western Asia, the mixing of Caucasoids with Negroids began very early, in Hindustan - Caucasians with Australoids, and partly with Mongoloids, in Oceania - Australoids with Mongoloids. Subsequently, after the discovery of America, Australia and Oceania by Europeans, new vast zones of interracial miscegenation arose. In particular, in America, the descendants of Indians mixed with European and African settlers.
The history of the development of the modern human population occurs not only in the natural-geographical, but also in the socio-cultural environment. In this regard, the relationship between two types of intraspecific communities - reproductive (populations) and historical-genetic (races) - is fundamentally changing. Human races are large areal communities of people distinguished by genetic kinship, which outwardly manifest themselves in a certain similarity of physical characteristics: skin color and iris, hair shape and color, height, etc.
The largest (in number) race is Caucasian - 46.6% of the population (together with transitional and mixed forms). Caucasians have straight or wavy soft hair in shades from light to dark, they have light or dark skin, a large variety of irises (from dark to gray and blue), very developed tertiary hair (beard in men), insufficient or average... .

When studying the earth's surface physically and geographically, the role and significance of human society should always be taken into account. With the emergence of human society on Earth, a new factor appeared in the development of the geographical environment. Nowadays man is the master of our planet. Unlike animals, he influences nature not spontaneously, but consciously, with the help of tools, and in the course of this influence significantly changes it.

Number and placement. There are a large number of people living on Earth and there are more than a hundred different countries. In some countries, population censuses have not been carried out, and therefore it is not possible to give an exact figure for the human population. Approximately 2655 million people live on the globe. On 1 km 2 sushi serves an average of about 18 people.

But the population on Earth is distributed extremely unevenly. In some economically developed areas, population density reaches 500-1000 or even more people per 1 km 2, and other areas are sparsely populated and even uninhabited. In many hunting and nomadic areas, the density is less than 1 person per 1 km 2.

The bulk of the population is concentrated within the temperate and warm-temperate climate zone, where the geographical environment is favorable for people's life and activities. Territories characterized by difficult conditions of settlement and economic development are uninhabited or very sparsely populated: polar and high-mountain regions of eternal cold, arid deserts, areas of dense humid tropical forests. At the same time, it should always be borne in mind that there is no direct relationship between population density and the geographic environment. Sparsely populated areas are also found in temperate and warm-temperate climate zones (some areas of Canada, Southern Siberia, etc.), and densely populated areas are also found among deserts (the Nile Valley and Libyan oases in the Sahara, oases in Central Asian deserts, etc.) , tropical forests and highlands. Many cities are located at an altitude of 3-4 thousand. m and higher. Le (the main city of Ladakh in Kashmir) lies at an altitude of 3506 m, Lhasa - at an altitude of 3658 m, Kumbal in Colombia - 3747 m, Potosi in Bolivia - 4000 m, San Cristoval in Bolivia - 4380 m. Small human settlements are found at even higher altitudes. For example, Buddhist hermits in Tibet live at an altitude of 5300 m. The current nature of population distribution is determined by historical and socio-economic conditions, but, undoubtedly, with a certain influence of the geographical environment.

The most densely populated part of the world is Europe. On an area of 10.5 million. km 2 565 million people live here. The average density is 55 people per 1 km 2. Although Asia has a larger population (1496 million), the average density corresponding to its vast territory is 34 people per 1 km 2. 239 million people live in North and Central America, 216 million in Africa, 124 million in South America, 15 million in Australia and Oceania. The average density in North and Central America is 10 people per 1 km 2, in Africa 7, in South America 7, in Australia and Oceania less than 2, Antarctica is completely uninhabited. Within the continents, the population is also unevenly distributed. Currently, almost 3/4 of humanity is concentrated in five areas: China, India, Europe, northeastern USA and Japan.

According to rough estimates, 85 million people are born and 60 million people die every year on Earth. The average population growth is thus 25 million per year. Over the past 300 years, the world's population has quadrupled. This gave rise to XVIII V. Malthus put forward a reactionary theory, according to which the population supposedly tends to increase quickly, in geometric progression (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.), while the means of subsistence increase much more slowly - in arithmetic progression (1, 2 , 3, 4, 5, etc.). The result is overpopulation, leading to poverty, hunger, disease, war, etc. Currently, this theory is widely used by bourgeois scientists to justify unemployment and the plight of the working masses in capitalist countries, to promote the need for wars, which, as we know, are carried out capitalists to seize other people's territories for personal enrichment. Some bourgeois scientists are trying to prove that the Earth can feed no more than 900 million people, and, therefore, there are a large number of “extra” people on Earth. Regarding this, they put forward misanthropic ideas: reduction of medical care and famine relief, forced sterilization, “effective” war, that is, a war with the maximum number of victims.

Bourgeois scientists defend the capitalist order and therefore do not want to admit that the means of subsistence depend not only on the level of technology, but also on the form of the social system. Under the capitalist system, the main wealth is in the hands of a small handful of capitalists, and the many millions of working people are deprived of tools and means of production. Under the socialist system, all wealth and sources of livelihood are in the hands of the entire society and are used in the interests of all members of society. Under socialism there is and cannot be unemployment.

Modern productive forces, if used rationally, can ensure the existence of at least 8-11 billion people. The development of science and technology makes it possible to limitlessly increase the sources of livelihood.

Races. People living on Earth differ from each other in appearance. Especially noticeable external differences are observed between people of different countries. A group of people united by a commonality of external physical characteristics (color of skin, hair and eyes; hair shape, skull shape, height, etc.) is called a race.

Experiences in classifying races already existed in the works of naturalists and philosophers XVII V. To date, a large number of race classification schemes have accumulated, in some of them the number of races reached 34-36. Recently, a classification of races was proposed by N. N. Cheboksarov. According to this classification, three large races are distinguished: Eurasian (or Caucasoid), Asian (or Mongoloid) and Equatorial (or Negro-Australoid). Each large race is divided into two or three small races, and these in turn are divided into groups of anthropological types. In total, there are 28 groups of anthropological types, a significant part of which are transitional (mixed).

According to paleoanthropology, the areas of formation of the Eurasian race were Central and Western Asia and the Mediterranean, the Asian race - the dry steppes and semi-deserts of central and eastern Asia (Northern China, Mongolia, South Eastern Siberia), the equatorial - forests and savannas of Africa and South Asia. The general scheme of the geographical distribution of the races is given in the attached map (Fig. 246).

Eurasian race (in the old terminology “white”) covers almost half of humanity. The peoples of this race (Fig. 245) have light skin, straight or wavy soft hair of various shades (from blond to black), thin lips, a narrow and high nose, medium or abundant tertiary hair (that is, the hair that appears during sexual intercourse). maturity around the genitals, under the arms, on the face and torso).

Within the large race, two small races are distinguished: Indo-Mediterranean (or southern Caucasoid)

and Baltic (or northern Caucasian). People of the Eurasian race inhabit Europe, northern Africa, Western and Central Asia, and northern Hindustan. Since the great geographical discoveries, representatives of this race have spread throughout the globe. A particularly large concentration of them is observed in the United States of America, Canada, Australia and Siberia, where they now constitute the majority.

On Asian race (according to the old terminology “yellow”) accounts for about 40% of humanity. The peoples of this race (Fig. 247) are characterized by a yellowish skin color, dark straight and coarse hair, a wide face with strongly prominent cheekbones, a slightly protruding nose of medium width, moderately thick lips, and poorly developed tertiary hair. The race is divided into three minor races:

a) continental (or northern Mongoloid), widespread in central Asia and Siberia;

b) Pacific (or southern Mongoloid), inhabiting China, Indo-China, the Japanese Islands, the Polynesian islands and the islands adjacent to Southeast Asia;

c) American, common in South and North America.

Equatorial race (according to the old terminology - “black”) comprises less than 10% of the total population. The peoples of this race (Fig. 248) have dark brown skin, curly and dark hair, dark eyes, thick lips, a wide nose with a low bridge. The race is divided into two small races: African (or Negroid), inhabiting equatorial and southern Africa, and Oceanian, which differs from the African in its wavy hair shape and highly developed hair on the face and body. This race is common in Australia, South India, on the island. Ceylon, on the Melanesian and Kuril Islands.

There are many peoples on Earth that, based on some external characteristics, can be classified as one race, and based on others, as another. Such transitional anthropological types were formed as a result of the mixing of races or changes in conditions and lifestyles in historical times.

Racial differences do not coincide with linguistic, national and political differences. As a rule, representatives of the same race speak different languages, live in different states, and are part of different nations. And, conversely, the same linguistic group, the same nation usually includes representatives of different races.

Equality of races. Racial differences were and are widely used by the ruling classes for the purposes of racial oppression and propaganda of wars of conquest. For this purpose, false anti-scientific theories of the inequality of races are invented. Such theories began to spread intensively since the time of the initial accumulation of capital. With the discovery of India, America, Australia and other lands, European merchants, pirates and lovers of easy money poured into these countries in a wide wave. To justify the violence and robbery of the peoples of these countries, a theory was invented, according to

in which whites were declared the “superior” race, destined “by nature itself” to dominate the colored population of colonial countries. The Catholic Church began to preach that the existing races originate from Japhet, Shem and Ham - the sons of the biblical Noah: the pious and beloved by God Japhet is the progenitor of the white “master race”, Shem is the progenitor of the yellow race, and Ham, cursed by God, gave birth to people of dark skin, who “for the sins” of their ancestor must be in eternal enslavement to the whites.

When the religious explanation of the origin of races became unconvincing, the ruling classes came up with a new theory, asserting that “different human races descended from different species of monkeys and differ from each other not only in external signs, but also in their inner spiritual essence, mental abilities, and that the races of man are similar to subspecies of animals and are divided into “higher” and “lower” races. “Higher” races are active, capable of progress and thus by their nature destined for dominance. “Lower” races are supposedly incapable of culture and progress, are passive and inferior. and, therefore, by nature itself are doomed to slavery and subjugation, to serve the superior races.

Ideas about the inequality of races are especially widely propagated by fascists to cover their aggressive goals. The German fascists declared the Germans to be the “superior” race and, under this slogan, during the Second World War they waged a predatory war against many peoples of Europe, until they were finally defeated by the Soviet Army. Currently, Anglo-American racists consider their Anglo-Saxon race to be the bearer of culture, the “superior” race, and are pursuing an aggressive policy towards the peoples of small and dependent countries, towards the countries of the socialist camp.” They exalt the American way of life in every possible way and try to impose it to other peoples:. In the USA, Indians and blacks are still considered “inferior” and are inhumanly exploited.

Bourgeois theories about the inequality of races are refuted by science as false and far-fetched. The human races are equal; Peoples of all races are equally capable of progress and cultural development. This is proven by the following points:

1) According to anthropological data, all human races descend from the same species of monkeys and are consanguineously related to each other.” Races were formed historically in the process of settlement of primitive man over vast territories, under the influence of a certain geographical environment and a specific way of life of people in different countries. The long life of people in a hot tropical climate has led to the emergence of such

racial characteristics such as dark skin color, curly, coarse hair, wide nose, thick lips. Dark skin serves as protection from the harmful effects of sunlight (in particular ultraviolet), a thick head of hair protects the head from sunstroke, and the maximum surface of the mucous membranes (nose, lips) facilitates evaporation. In cool climates, where there are few sunny days, light skin color is a better adaptation than dark skin, which interferes with the beneficial effects of the same ultraviolet rays, which are necessary in a certain dose for normal development. A narrow nose, which slows down the inhalation of air, is a good adaptation in dry and cold climates. The narrow, slit-like eye, characteristic of Mongoloids, indicates the long life of people in open spaces with strong winds and sandstorms. Thus, gradually, racial differences arose among people living in different territories and in different geographical conditions. Large races appeared, within which small races became isolated, and as a result of the complex mixing of individual groups of races, transitional races and numerous anthropological types arose.

2) The equivalence of races is also due to the fact that they are not analogous to subspecies of animals and do not have a tendency to become species. Human races lack the biological barriers to mixing inherent in subspecies, as a result of which all races have constantly mixed throughout history. Currently, there are no “pure” races; There is no state where people of only one race live. With the development of economic ties and migration movements, the process of mixing of races intensifies. The lines between races are gradually erased and races as such will disappear over time, and only general external differences between people will remain. Race is a historical concept.

3) External signs that indicate similarity with certain characteristics of monkeys are approximately equally characteristic of all races, and not of any individual “lower” races. Eurasians are characterized by a narrow and high nose and at the same time highly developed hair. Asians have poorly developed body hair and at the same time have a large skull and face. Africans are characterized by prognathism (protrusion of the upper jaw forward) and at the same time a straight forehead. German bourgeois anthropologists, proving the “superiority” of the Germanic race, point out that the Germans have a larger frontal angle (about 90°) than a number of other peoples. But among the blacks this angle is greater (100°) than among the Germans.

4) Despite the external differences between the races, the races are united in all essential and vital characteristics. In the structure of the brain, the structure of the vocal cords, the visual and auditory apparatus, the structure of the arms, legs and other vital organs, there are no racial differences, as a result of which all races are equally capable of culture and progress. Differences in weight and brain size do occur among representatives of different races, but these differences are no less observed within the same race. For example, the great writers A. France and I. S. Turgenev had dramatically different brain weights - the first 1017 G, second 2012. In bourgeois racist theories it is compared that the Germans have skull sizes ranging from 1360 to 1460 cm 3 and among the Indians it is only 1275 cm 3. But they silently ignore the fact that the greatest volume of the skull and weight of the brain is observed in the Mongols, and not in Europeans. The size of the male skull of the Eskimos, for example, reaches more than 1560 cm 3. Thus, the shape and size of the skull and brain cannot serve as a criterion for assessing the talent of individuals and races.

5) Historical facts confirm that all races are capable of culture and progress. Ancient cultural centers arose among peoples belonging to the “yellow” (China) and “white” (Mesopotamia) races, as well as in areas of intense mixing of “white” and “black” (India, Egypt).

With the establishment of Soviet power in the USSR after the October Revolution and the equality of nations and races among all peoples of our country, regardless of race, there was a rapid development of the economy, culture and science. Many Soviet peoples, previously backward, joined Soviet culture and achieved great success in the development of their national culture. The peoples of the countries of people's democracy, with the establishment of people's democratic power, also received the opportunity to rapidly develop their economy and culture. The level of culture of individual peoples is thus associated not with any racial characteristics, but with socio-economic and historical conditions.

I have questions about why there are only 4 races on Earth? Why are they so different from each other? How do different races have skin colors that correspond to their area of residence?

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First of all, we will examine the settlement map of the “Modern Races of the World”. In this analysis we will not deliberately accept the position of either monogenism or polygenism. The purpose of our analysis and the entire study as a whole is precisely to understand exactly how the emergence of humanity occurred and its development, including the development of writing. Therefore, we cannot and will not rely in advance on any dogma - be it scientific or religious.

Why are there four different races on Earth? Naturally, four types of different races could not have come from Adam and Eve....

So, under the letter “A” on the map are races that, according to modern research, are ancient. These races include four:
Equatorial Negroid races (hereinafter referred to as “Negroid race” or “Negroids”);
Equatorial Australoid races (hereinafter referred to as the “Australoid race” or “Australoids”);
Caucasoid races (hereinafter referred to as “Caucasoids”);
Mongoloid races (hereinafter referred to as “Mongoloids”).

2. Analysis of modern mutual settlement of races.

The modern mutual settlement of the four main races is extremely interesting.

The Negroid races are settled exclusively in a limited area, located from the center of Africa to its southern part. There is no Negroid race anywhere outside of Africa. In addition, it is precisely the areas of settlement of the Negroid race that are currently the “suppliers” of Stone Age culture - in South Africa there are still areas within which the population still exists in a primitive communal way of life.

We are talking about the archaeological culture of Wilton (Wilton) of the late Stone Age, widespread in South and East Africa. In some areas it was replaced by the Neolithic with polished axes, but in most areas it existed until modern times: arrowheads made of stone and bone, pottery, beads made from ostrich egg shells; people of the Wilton culture lived in grottoes and in the open air, and hunted; agriculture and domestic animals were absent.

It is also interesting that on other continents there are no centers of settlement of the Negroid race. This, naturally, points to the fact that the birthplace of the Negroid race was originally precisely in that part of Africa that is located south of the center of the continent. It is worth noting that here we are not considering the later “migration” of Negroids to the American continent and their modern entry through the regions of France into the territory of Eurasia, since this is a completely insignificant effect in the long historical process.

Australoid races are settled exclusively in a limited area, located entirely in the north of Australia, as well as in extremely small fluctuations in India and on some isolated islands. The islands are so insignificantly populated by the Australoid race that they can be neglected when making estimates of the entire center of distribution of the Australoid race. The northern part of Australia can quite reasonably be considered this hotspot. It should be noted here that Australoids, like Negroids, for a reason unknown to today’s science, are located exclusively within one general area. Stone Age cultures are also found among the Australoid race. More precisely, those Australoid cultures that have not experienced the influence of Caucasians are predominantly in the Stone Age.

Caucasian races are settled in the territory located in the European part of Eurasia, including the Kola Peninsula, as well as in Siberia, the Urals, along the Yenisei, along the Amur, in the upper reaches of the Lena, in Asia, around the Caspian, Black, Red and Mediterranean seas, in northern Africa , on the Arabian Peninsula, in India, on two American continents, in southern Australia.

In this part of the analysis, we should look at the area of settlement of Caucasians in more detail.

Firstly, for obvious reasons, we will exclude from historical estimates the territory of distribution of Caucasians in the Americas, since these territories were occupied by them in not so distant historical times. The latest “experience” of Caucasians does not affect the history of the original settlement of peoples. The history of the settlement of humanity in general took place long before the American conquests of the Caucasians and without taking them into account.

Secondly, like the two previous races in the description, the territory of distribution of Caucasoids (from this point onwards, by “territory of distribution of Caucasians” we will understand only its Eurasian part and the northern part of Africa) is also clearly marked by the area of their settlement. However, unlike the Negroid and Australoid races, the Caucasian race has achieved the highest flowering of culture, science, art, etc. among existing races. The Stone Age within the habitat of the Caucasian race was completed in the vast majority of areas between 30 and 40 thousand years BC. All modern scientific achievements of the most advanced nature were accomplished by the Caucasian race. One can, of course, mention and argue with this statement, referring to the achievements of China, Japan and Korea, but let’s be honest, all their achievements are purely secondary and use, we must give credit, successfully, but still use the primary achievements of Caucasians.

Mongoloid races are settled exclusively in a limited area, located entirely in the northeast and east of Eurasia and on both American continents. Among the Mongoloid race, as well as among the Negroid and Australoid races, Stone Age cultures are still found to this day.
3. On the application of Organism laws

The first thing that catches the eye of an inquisitive researcher looking at a map of the distribution of races is that the distribution areas of the races do not intersect each other in such a way that this concerns any noticeable territories. And, although at mutual borders the contacting races produce a product of their intersection, called “transitional races,” the formation of such mixtures is classified by time and is purely secondary and much later than the formation of the ancient races themselves.

In large part, this process of mutual penetration of ancient races resembles diffusion in the physics of materials. We apply the laws of Organism to the description of races and peoples, which are more unified and give us the right and opportunity to operate with equal ease and accuracy, both materials and peoples, and races. Therefore, the mutual penetration of peoples - the diffusion of peoples and races - is completely subject to Law 3.8. (numbering of laws, as is customary in) Organisms, which says: “Everything moves.”

Namely, not a single race (now we will not talk about the originality of one or the other) under any circumstances will remain motionless in any “frozen” state. We will not be able, following this law, to find at least one race or people that would arise in a certain territory at the moment of “minus infinity” and would remain within this territory until “plus infinity”.

And from this it follows that it is possible to develop laws of movement of populations of organisms (peoples).
4. Laws of movement of populations of organisms
Any people, any race, as, incidentally, not only real, but also mythical (vanished civilizations), always has a point of its origin that is different from the one under consideration and as earlier;
Any nation, any race is represented not by the absolute values of its numbers and its certain area, but by a system (matrix) of n-dimensional vectors describing:
directions of settlement on the Earth's surface (two dimensions);
time intervals of such settlement (one dimension);
… n. values of mass transfer of information about a people (one complex dimension; this includes both numerical composition and national, cultural, educational, religious and other parameters).
5. Interesting observations

From the first law of population movement and taking into account a careful examination of the map of modern distribution of races, we can deduce the following observations.

Firstly, even at present historical times, all four ancient races are extremely isolated in their areas of distribution. Let us recall that we do not consider hereinafter the colonization of the Americas by Negroids, Caucasians and Mongoloids. These four races have the so-called cores of their ranges, which in no case coincide, that is, none of the races in the center of their range coincides with the similar parameters of any other race.

Secondly, the central “points” (areas) of ancient racial regions even today remain quite “pure” in composition. Moreover, the mixing of races occurs exclusively at the borders of neighboring races. Never - by mixing races that were not historically located in the same neighborhood. That is, we do not observe any mixtures of the Mongoloid and Negroid races, since between them is the Caucasoid race, which, in turn, mixes with both the Negroids and the Mongoloids precisely in the places of contact with them.

Thirdly, if the central points of settlement of races are determined by a simple geometric calculation, it turns out that these points are located at the same distance from each other, equal to 6000 (plus or minus 500) kilometers:

Negroid point - 5° S, 20° E;

Caucasoid point – p. Batumi, the easternmost point of the Black Sea (41°N, 42°E);

Mongoloid point – ss. Aldan and Tomkot in the upper reaches of the Aldan River, a tributary of the Lena (58° N, 126° E);

Australoid point - 5° S, 122° E.

Moreover, the points of the central areas of settlement of the Mongoloid race on both American continents are also equidistant (and at approximately the same distance).

An interesting fact: if all four central points of settlement of races, as well as three points located in South, Central and North America, are connected, you will get a line resembling the bucket of the Ursa Major constellation, but inverted relative to its current position.
6. Conclusions

An assessment of the distribution areas of races allows us to draw a number of conclusions and assumptions.
6.1. Conclusion 1:

A possible theory suggesting the birth and settlement of modern races from one common point does not seem legitimate and justified.

We are currently observing precisely the process that leads to the mutual homogenization of races. Like, for example, the experiment with water, when a certain amount of hot water is poured into cold water. We understand that after some finite and quite calculated time, hot water will mix with cold water, and temperature averaging will occur. After which the water, in general, will become somewhat warmer than the cold water before mixing, and somewhat colder than the hot water before mixing.

The situation is the same now with the four old races - we are currently observing precisely the process of their mixing, when the races mutually penetrate each other, like cold and hot water, forming mestizo races in the places of their contact.

If the four races were formed from one center, then we would not now observe mixing. Because in order for four to be formed from one entity, a process of separation and mutual dispersion, isolation, and accumulation of differences must occur. And the mutual cross-breeding that is now occurring serves as clear evidence of the reverse process - the mutual diffusion of the four races. The inflection point that would separate the earlier process of separation of races from the later process of their mixing has not yet been found. Convincing evidence of the objective existence of some moment in history from which the process of separation of races would be replaced by their unification has not been found. Therefore, the process of historical mixing of races should be considered a completely objective and normal process.

This means that initially the four ancient races had to be inevitably divided and isolated from each other. We will leave the question of the force that could take over such a process open for now.

This assumption of ours is convincingly confirmed by the race distribution map itself. As we previously revealed, there are four conventional points of initial settlement of the four ancient races. These points, by strange chance, are located in a sequence that has a clearly defined series of patterns:

firstly, each border of mutual contact of races serves as a division of only two races and nowhere as a division of three or four;

secondly, the distances between such points, by a strange coincidence, are almost the same and equal to about 6000 kilometers.

The processes of development of territorial spaces by races can be compared to the formation of a pattern on frosty glass - from one point the pattern spreads in different directions.

Obviously, the races, each in its own way, but the general type of settlement of the races was quite the same - from the so-called point of distribution of each race, it spread in different directions, gradually developing new territories. After quite an estimated time, the races sown 6,000 kilometers from each other met at the boundaries of their ranges. Thus began the process of their mixing and the emergence of various mestizo races.

The process of building and expanding the areas of races fully falls within the definition of the concept of “organismic center of organization” when there are patterns that describe such a distribution of races.

The natural and most objective conclusion suggests itself about the existence of four separate centers of origin of four different - ancient - races, located at an equal distance from each other. Moreover, the distances and points of “seeding” of the races were chosen in such a way that if we tried to repeat such “seeding”, we would end up with the same option. Consequently, the Earth was inhabited by someone or something from 4 different areas of our Galaxy or our Universe....
6.2. Conclusion 2:

Perhaps the original placement of races was artificial.

A number of random coincidences in distances and equidistance between races leads us to believe that this was not accidental. Law 3.10. Organisms says: ordered chaos acquires intelligence. It is interesting to trace the work of this law in the reverse cause-and-effect direction. The expression 1+1=2 and the expression 2=1+1 are equally true. And, therefore, the cause-and-effect relationship in their members works in both directions equally.

By analogy with this, law 3.10. we can reformulate this way: (3.10.-1) intelligence is an acquisition due to the ordering of chaos. The circumstance when out of three segments connecting four seemingly random points, all three segments are equal to the same value cannot be called anything other than a manifestation of intelligence. To ensure that the distances match, you need to measure them accordingly.

In addition, and this circumstance is no less interesting and mysterious, the “miraculous” distance we identified between the points of origin of races is, for some strange and inexplicable reason, equal to the radius of planet Earth. Why?

By connecting the four points of sowing races and the center of the Earth (and they are all located at the same distance), we get a quadrangular equilateral pyramid, with its apex directed towards the center of the Earth.

Why? Where do clear geometric shapes come from in a seemingly chaotic world?
6.3. Conclusion 3:

About the initial maximum isolation of races.

Let's begin our consideration of the mutually pairwise settlement of races with the Negroid-Caucasian pair. Firstly, Negroids no longer come into contact with any other race. Secondly, between the Negroids and Caucasians lies the region of central Africa, which is characterized by an abundant spread of lifeless deserts. That is, initially the arrangement of Negroids relative to Caucasians ensured that these two races would have the least amount of contact with each other. There is some intent here. And also an additional argument against the theory of monogenism - at least in terms of the Negroid-Caucasian couple.

Similar features also exist in the Caucasoid-Mongoloid pair. The same distance between the conditional centers of race formation is 6000 kilometers. The same natural barrier to the mutual penetration of races is the extremely frosty northern regions and the Mongolian deserts.

The Mongoloid-Australoid pair also provides for maximum use of terrain conditions, preventing the mutual penetration of these races, which are approximately the same 6,000 kilometers apart.

Only in recent decades, with the development of means of transport and communications, the mutual penetration of races has not only become possible, but has also become widespread.

Naturally, in the course of our research these conclusions may be revised.
Final conclusion:

It can be seen that there were four race seeding points. They are equidistant both from each other and from the center of planet Earth. Races have only mutual-pair contacts. The process of mixing races is a process of the last two centuries, before which the races were isolated. If there was an intention in the initial settlement of races, then it was this: to settle the races so that they would not come into contact with each other for as long as possible.

This was probably an experiment to solve the problem of which race would best adapt to earthly conditions. And also, which race will be more progressive in its development....

Source - razrusitelmifov.ucoz.ru

The population of our planet today exceeds 7 billion people. This figure is increasing every day.

World population

Scientists have determined that in just a decade, the number of people on Earth will increase by 1 billion people. However, this dynamic demographic picture was not always so high.

Until a few centuries ago, the human population grew slowly. People died from unfavorable weather conditions and diseases at an early age, since the development of science and technology was at a low level.

Today, the largest countries by population are Japan, China and India. The population of these three countries becomes half of the total world population.

The smallest number of people live in countries whose territory covers equatorial forests, tundra and taiga zones, as well as mountain ranges. The bulk of the planet's population lives in the Northern Hemisphere (about 90%).

Races

All humanity is divided into races. Races are organized groups of people who are united by common external characteristics - body structure, face shape, skin color, hair structure.

Such external signs were formed as a result of the adaptation of human physiology to environmental conditions. There are three major races: Caucasoid, Negroid and Mongoloid.

The most numerous is the Caucasian race, accounting for about 45% of the planet's population. Caucasians inhabit the territory of Europe, part of Asia, South and North America and Australia.

The second largest race is the Mongoloid race. The Mongoloid race includes people living in Asia, as well as the aborigines of North America - the Indians.

The Negroid race ranks third in number. Representatives of this race live in Africa. After the slave period, representatives of the Negroid race remained to live in South and North America.

Peoples

Large races are formed by representatives of many nations. Most of the planet's population belongs to 20 major nations, their number exceeds 50 million people.

Nations are communities of people who lived in the same territory over long historical periods and are united by cultural heritage.

There are about 1,500 peoples in the modern world. The geography of their settlement is very diverse. Some of them are spread all over the planet, some live within a populated area.

Modern people appeared on Earth about 40 thousand years ago. Due to the peculiarities of natural and geographical conditions, differences arose in the appearance of a person. For example, dark skin color protects from solar radiation. Curly hair forms an air cushion on the head and protects against overheating.

Where people with a yellowish skin tone live, there are often winds, dust and sand storms. Therefore, the eyes of those people look like a narrow slit with a fold of skin covering the inner corner of the eye. People of different continents and countries differ in body structure, skin color, hair, eyes, shape and size of nose, lips, etc. These characteristics are called racial. They were formed over a long historical period and are passed on from generation to generation.

Human races - these are large groups of people connected by a common origin and external characteristics.

According to external signs they distinguish four main races: Caucasian, Mongoloid, Negroid(or equatorial) And Australoid.

To the Caucasian race includes almost half of the planet's humanity. The name itself suggests that most of the peoples of this race live in Europe. With the discovery of America and Australia, Caucasians settled throughout the world. They have fair skin, soft straight or slightly wavy hair, a narrow nose, thin lips, and eye color may vary. In addition to Europeans, Indians, Tajiks, Armenians, and Arabs belong to this race. All Slavs, including Ukrainians, are Caucasians.

People live in Africa and America Negroid race. The peoples of this race live in the equatorial regions. They have dark skin, hair and eyes, curly or wavy hair, poorly developed hair on the face and body, most of them have a wide nose, the upper jaw protrudes forward, and thick lips.

TO Mongoloid race belongs to almost 40% of the world's population. The peoples of the Mongoloid race settled in the vast expanses of Asia, the Pacific Islands and both continents of America. Mongoloids have yellowish skin color, black straight hair, narrow eyes like slits, a flat face, a wide nose, thin, slightly thickened lips. This race includes the Mongols, Chinese, Japanese, Koreans and other peoples of Asia, as well as Indians - the indigenous population of America

Representatives Australoid race inhabit the northeast of mainland Australia and the eastern part of the island. New Guinea. This race is characterized by dark skin, hair, and eyes. The facial hair is well developed, the nose is wide and flat.

With the growth of the Earth's population, peoples of different races communicated with each other more and more. This is how they appeared mixed race — mulattoes(descendants of blacks and Europeans), mestizos(descendants of Indians and Europeans), sambo(descendants of Indians and blacks). Material from the site

For a long time, Europeans did not recognize the equality of races. Representatives of the Mongoloid race, and especially the Negroid race, were considered to be at the lowest level of development and incapable of creating their own civilization. One of the first to refute this erroneous and inherently racist theory was the world-famous scientist, great-grandson of the Zaporozhye Cossack Makhlai N. N. Miklouho-Maclay. He was a famous traveler, lived for many years among the Papuans of New Guinea and proved that they were in no way inferior to Europeans in their mental development. He argued that all people, regardless of place of residence, skin color, hair and other external features, are the same in their biological characteristics. The Papuans considered Nikolai Nikolaevich their friend. On the coast of New Guinea has a territory named after him Maclay coast.

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