A definition is a minor member of a sentence that denotes a sign, quality, property of an object and answers the questions WHAT? WHOSE? WHICH? When parsing sentences, definitions are underlined with a wavy line.

Definitions usually appear as dependent words in phrases with nouns and can be associated with them by means of agreement (for example: BIG HOUSE, BEAUTIFUL GARDEN) or by means of control and adjacency (for example: MAN (what?) IN A HAT, KNOWLEDGE (what?) TO PLAY) . Definitions connected to nouns using agreement are called agreed upon, using control or connection – inconsistent.

Agreed definitions can be expressed by adjectives (NEW ROUTE), participles (PREVENTED ROUTE), possessive pronouns (OUR ROUTE) and ordinal numbers (FIFTH ROUTE). An inconsistent definition can be expressed by a noun in oblique cases (HOUSE - what? - ON THE MOUNTAIN), a comparative degree of an adjective (I DIDN'T SEE THE STORM - what? - STRONGER), an infinitive (OPPORTUNITY - what? - TO STUDY) and a pronoun (HIS BOOK) .

Inconsistent definitions may combine their meaning with the meaning of circumstances and additions. Compare: HOUSE (where?) ON THE MOUNTAIN and HOUSE (which?) ON THE MOUNTAIN. Both questions are entirely appropriate, and ON THE MOUNTAIN can be considered both a circumstance and a definition. Another example: MEETING (with whom?) WITH FRIENDS and MEETING (what?) WITH FRIENDS. In these phrases, WITH FRIENDS will be both an addition and a definition.

Separation- this is the highlighting on both sides of a letter with punctuation marks (commas, dashes, parentheses) of some part of the sentence.

Definitions are distinguished in accordance with the following rules.

1. An agreed definition consisting of several words and relating to the preceding noun is isolated. Compare two sentences:

Path, overgrown with grass, led to the river.
Overgrown with grass path led to the river.

2. The agreed definition relating to the personal pronoun is isolated, regardless of its place in the sentence and prevalence. For example:

Happy he is
He, happy, told me about his successes.
Pleased with your success, he told me about them.
He, happy with his successes, told me about them.

Please note: in the example from the first paragraph of the rule, the phrase OVERGROWING WITH GRASS is highlighted with commas. If a definition has dependent words, then together they make up attributive phrase.

This rule has three notes:

1. An agreed definition (both single-word and consisting of several words), relating to a noun and standing in front of it, can be isolated if it has an additional meaning of reason (that is, it combines the meanings of the definition and the circumstances of the reason). For example:

Tired, tourists decided to abandon the repeated ascent.
Tired after a sleepless night, tourists decided to abandon the repeated ascent.

(In both sentences the definition explains reason refusal to climb again.)

2. Definitions that appear after the word being defined, but are closely related in meaning to it or to other members of the sentence, are not isolated. In such cases, if the definition is removed from the sentence, the phrase loses its meaning. For example:

He could hear things are quite unpleasant for yourself (Lermontov). Sea at his feet lay silent and white(Paustovsky).

3. The definition is isolated, wherever it appears, if it is separated from the word being defined by other words. For example:

At the end of January covered in the first thaw, Cherries smell good gardens(Sholokhov).

Exercise

They drank coffee in a gazebo on the shore of a wide lake dotted with islands (Pushkin).

Deeply offended, she sat down under the window and sat until late at night without undressing (Pushkin).

The old woman, looking at him from behind the partition, could not know whether he had fallen asleep or was just thinking (Pushkin).

The Foolovites, who were not strong enough in self-government, began to attribute this phenomenon to the mediation of some unknown force (Shchedrin).

The waves of the sea, encased in granite, are suppressed by enormous weights sliding along their ridges, hitting the sides of ships, the shores, beating and grumbling, foamed, polluted with various rubbish (Gorky).

In its long beak, curved at the end, the seagull held a small fish.

And either he made a grimace - blinded by the setting sun - or his face was generally characterized by some strangeness, only his lips seemed too short... (Mann).

The curious and inquisitive children immediately noticed that something incomprehensible was going on in the city.

His father met him with a gloomy and surprised look.

He opened his notebook and drew two segments parallel to each other.

Draw an equilateral triangle with a side equal to five centimeters.

But now they did not speak for long, - the wise one, who did not interfere with their judgment, spoke himself: “Stop! There is punishment. This is a terrible punishment; You wouldn’t invent something like this in a thousand years!” (Bitter).

A small night_bird_ silently and low rushing on its soft wings_ almost stumbled upon me and timidly dived to the side (Turgenev).

1. Maybe it was a thorn or the tip of a nail that had come out of the felt padding of the clamp (Aitmatov).
2. Lying on his armour-hard back, he saw, as soon as he raised his head, his brown, convex belly, divided by arched scales, on the top of which the blanket, ready to finally slide off, was barely holding on (Kafka).
3. In the bright dawn, the black tops of birches were outlined, thin as letters (Pasternak).
4. The princess absolutely hates me, two or three epigrams about me have already been retold to me - quite caustic, but at the same time very flattering (Lermontov).
5. I am still trying to explain to myself what kind of feeling was boiling in my chest then: it was the annoyance of offended pride, and contempt, and anger - born at the thought - that this man was now looking at me with such confidence, with such calm insolence - two minutes ago ago, without exposing himself to any danger, he wanted to kill me like a dog, because wounded in the leg a little more severely, I would certainly have fallen off the cliff (Lermontov).
6. Grease the mold to prevent it from rusting, and remove the kitchen table, make a sauce from oxylithium hydrate_ diluted in a glass of fresh milk (Vian).
7. Staggering and gasping for breath, he finally went ashore, saw a robe lying on the ground, picked it up and mechanically rubbed himself with it until his numb body warmed up (Hesse).
8. My father's elder brother, who died in 1813, with the intention of setting up a village hospital, gave him as a boy to some doctor he knew to study the art of paramedics (Herzen).
9. Who told you that there is no true, faithful, eternal love in the world? (Bulgakov).
10. But that’s not all: the third in this company was a cat that had come from nowhere, huge, like a hog, black, like soot or a rook... (Bulgakov).
11. Winter evening on December 14th_ thick_ dark_ frosty (Tynyanov).
12. The fields, all the fields, stretched right up to the horizon, now rising slightly, then falling again; here and there small forests could be seen, and ravines dotted with sparse and low bushes... (Turgenev).
13. One, black, large and shabby, was very similar to those rats that he saw on ships during his travels (Tournier).
14. The strangest incidents are those that happen on Nevsky Prospekt! (Gogol).
    Doctor Budakh_ washed up_ dressed in everything clean_ carefully shaved_ looked very impressive (Strugatskys).

As a rule, common definitions expressed by a participle or an adjective with words dependent on them and standing after the defined noun are isolated. Definitions of this type are not isolated if the defined noun itself in a given sentence does not express a lexically necessary concept and needs a definition, for example: I I have never seen a more exquisitely calm, self-confident and autocratic person (T.).

Common postpositive definitions are also not isolated if their meaning is connected not only with the subject, but also with the predicate, for example: I sat immersed in deep thought (P.); Taiga stood silent and full of mystery (Cor.). This usually happens with verbs of motion and state that can act as a significant connective. Two or more postpositive single definitions are distinguished, explaining the noun, for example: In the air, hot and dusty, a thousand-voice talk (M.G.). However, the separation of two uncommon definitions is only necessary when the defined noun is preceded by another definition. Wed: I want to know the secrets of the wise and simple life (Bruce). - The spring spirit, cheerful and dissolute, walked everywhere (Bagr.). A single postpositive definition is isolated if it has an additional adverbial meaning, for example: People, amazed, became like stones (M. G.). A definition is isolated if it is separated from the defined noun by other members of the sentence; in these cases, the definition is also related in meaning to the predicate and has an additional adverbial connotation. For example: Here, alarmed by the whirlwind, a crake flew out of the grass (Ch.); Filled with the sun, buckwheat and wheat fields lay across the river (Shol.). The definition immediately preceding the noun being defined is isolated if, in addition to the attributive one, it also has an adverbial meaning (causal, conditional, concessive). Definitions relating to the personal pronoun are always isolated; such definitions are attributive-predicative in nature and have an additional adverbial meaning. Isolated inconsistent definitions Inconsistent definitions expressed in indirect cases of nouns are isolated if it is necessary to emphasize the meaning they express, for example: The headman, in boots and a saddle-backed coat, with cloaks in his hand, noticing from afar priest, took off his red hat (L.T.). Most often, inconsistent definitions are isolated with a proper name, since it, being the bearer of an individual name, in itself quite specifically designates a person or object, and the indication of the attribute in this case has the nature of an additional message clarifying the instructions, for example: Shabashkin, with a cap on his head , stood with his arms akimbo and proudly looked around him (P.). The same is observed with personal pronouns, which indicate an object or person already known from the context, for example: He, with his intelligence and experience, could have already noticed that she distinguished him (P. ). Often, the isolation of an inconsistent definition serves as a means of deliberately separating it from one member of the sentence (usually the predicate), to which it could be related in meaning and syntactically, and referring it to another (usually the subject), for example: Women, with long rakes in their hands, are wandering in the field (T.). Usually, inconsistent postpositive definitions, expressed by the comparative degree of the adjective, are isolated; in these cases, the qualified noun is often preceded by an agreed definition. For example: Another room, almost twice as large, was called the hall... (Ch.).

You can also find the information you are interested in in the scientific search engine Otvety.Online. Use the search form:

More on the topic Separate agreed definitions:

1. 10. Isolation as a syntactic phenomenon. Proposals with isolated members.
2. 27. Structural semantic types of isolated members of a sentence. Features and conditions for isolating sentence members (syntactic, morphological, semantic).
3. 103. The essence and meaning of the logical operation of defining a concept. Types of definitions. Techniques similar to definition.
4. 45 Types of hypotheses in the real structure of legal norms: causal, absolutely definite, relatively definite.

I.V. KHAZANOVA,
Moscow

Separating agreed definitions

Materials for the online lesson

The editors promised to acquaint our readers with the life of the Internet, in particular, with Russian language lessons. Today we are publishing the first such lesson, prepared by I.V. Khazanova, an employee of NIIRO (Research Institute for Educational Development) and a teacher at Lyceum No. 525.
For now, we are providing a version of the online lesson. It is clear that it will be presented in a different form on the Internet, since this is an interactive lesson in which the next step is based on the answers to previous questions.

Definitions. Separate members of the proposal These are the secondary members that stand out in meaning and intonation. They contain an element of additional message, therefore they are logically emphasized and acquire some syntactic independence as part of a sentence. In writing, isolated members are separated by commas or dashes.

Agreed Definitions expressed by adjectives, participles and other agreeable words.

SEPARATION OF COMMON AGREED DEFINITIONS

The common consensus definition stands out in any position in relation to the word being defined, if it refers to personal pronoun .

She, supported by colleagues, spoke at the meeting.
Supported by colleaguesshe spoke at the meeting.

A common agreed upon definition referring to to noun, is isolated in position after defined word.

Painting, drawn by a famous artist, was in the museum.
Painted by a famous artistpainting was in the museum.

Consistent common and single definitions related to common and proper nouns are isolated if they are torn off from the word being defined, i.e. remotely located.

Right in front of the windows bright and persistent, threw rays to every passerby flashlight.
Narrow and transparent, appears in the sky month.

Test yourself

A. For the highlighted words, select common agreed definitions from the list; add commas where necessary.

1. Comments to the event... do not correspond to the truth. 2. He... I didn’t want to do anything myself. 3. ... boy asked for forgiveness from my parents. 4. Wall...looked strange. 5. Island... was now hiding in the fog. 6. Serves well for hunting gun... 7. ...he was always responsible for all the cool pranks. 8. ...she I hurried to tell my relatives everything.

Distributed in the press, delighted with the news, spoiled by the servants, red with shame, first on the list, painted with oil paint, located near the shore, tested over the years(gender, case, number can be changed).

B. Place punctuation marks. In what case is the definition not highlighted?

1. Tired of the windy light (1) he falls in love with a spontaneous, innocent girl with the love of his brother (P. Weil, A. Genis).
2. Finally, the procurator heard both the long-awaited steps and splashing on the stairs (2) leading to the upper platform of the garden (3) in front of the balcony (M. Bulgakov).
3. Between two marble lions, first a head in a hood appeared, and then a completely wet man (4) in a cloak clinging to his body (5) (M. Bulgakov).
4. Shocked by all this (6), the accountant reached the secretarial room (7), which was the entrance to the office of the chairman of the commission, and here he was completely amazed (M. Bulgakov).

Answer: (4), (5), (6) .

SEPARATION OF NON-DISTRIBUTED AGREED DEFINITIONS

Single agreed definitions (one, two or more) are isolated in any position if they refer to a personal pronoun.
Two (or more) agreed upon definitions are separated if they come after a defined noun, which usually already has a definition.

1. After tedious roads, rocky, broken, dusty, everyone happily went to wash.
2. Excited, He scared us with his stories.
3. He, excited, scared us with his stories.
4. Bright, picturesquesunset it was already burning out.

Two (or more) agreed definitions are not separated if they appear before the noun being defined.

Test yourself

For the highlighted words, select definitions from the list; Place commas where necessary (gender, number, case can be changed).

1. His look eye... amazed everyone present. 2. ... it stood out among the green young trees. 3. Babushkin cup... caught our attention. 4. River...was captured in his landscape.

Deep, calm, majestic; tall, narrow, patterned; old, rotten, rotten; cheerful, mischievous, laughing.

Agreed definitions placed before the word being defined are separated if they have additional adverbial meanings.

What additional meaning do these agreed upon definitions have?

1. Forcibly attached to a new home, Ivan almost threw up his hands at the woman’s swagger and silently pointed his finger at his pajamas made from a crimson flannel jacket (M. Bulgakov).
2. Cheerful and cheerful by nature, the boy never communicated with his peers, but only with his older comrades.
3. Tired of pessimistic observations and heat, the commissioner returned to the ship dejected.

1 – conditions, 2 – concessions, 3 – reasons.

Test yourself

Choose among the examples those that correspond to this rule and add commas.

1. She looks: forgotten in the hall / The billiard cue was resting (A. Pushkin).
2. The Swedish dynasty, founded by a glorious warrior, is one of the most glorious in the world.
3. I came two weeks later and was received by some girl with her eyes slanted towards her nose from constant lies. (M. Bulgakov).
4. Grinev, alien to the art of war, did not suspect that the fate of the campaign was being decided at that moment.
5. The guests, alarmed by these rumors, decided to leave immediately.
6. Exhausted by long idleness behind the mirrored doors of the entrance, the doorman put his whole soul into whistling... (M. Bulgakov).

Answer options:

1, 3, 4, 6;
1, 2, 5;
2, 4, 5, 6 .

This lesson covers cases of separating agreed upon definitions. They are found more often than others in students’ written work, and it makes sense to study this material first. Independent work on analyzing sentences and formulating conditions for isolation helps to better understand and assimilate the material. To consolidate the material, it is advisable to invite students to make sentences based on the given examples.
The theory of isolated members of a sentence was developed by A.M. Peshkovsky. He also introduced the term itself into scientific use.

The scientist and teacher Alexander Matveevich Peshkovsky (1878–1933) throughout his scientific career reflected on the interaction between science and school. Main book of A.M. Peshkovsky “Russian syntax in scientific coverage” was first published in 1914 with the subtitle “Popular essay. A manual for self-education and school.” This essay by A.M. Peshkovsky wrote after eight years of work as a teacher in Moscow gymnasiums, trying to acquaint his students with the real scientific grammar of their native language. The book went through eight editions, the last one being published quite recently.

It is in this book that the scientist devotes an entire chapter to the theory of isolated members of a sentence.

Peshkovsky knew how to present serious scientific problems in a simple, lively and interesting way. The scientist never tried to falsify linguistic facts for the sake of a beautifully invented theory and did not simplify linguistic reality.

For the school A.M. Peshkovsky wrote a book in three parts, “Our Language,” where he tries to teach children to observe language. For example, it provides text without spaces between words.

The cold winter has passed and the sun has grown longer, the sun is shining brightly and the sparrows are chirping cheerfully.

Questions and tasks are given for the text, for example: why is the story more difficult to read than others; whether it will be a clear reading; how many breaks need to be made in the story; what happens to the voice before the break, etc.
The author tries to lead the student to a conclusion about the role of intonation in speech.
In this way, Peshkovsky involved students in an active process of research and discovery.

Mastery Resources

1. His face had an expression quite pleasant, but roguish.
2. A young officer came in with a face dark and perfectly ugly.
3. I was sitting immersed in deep thought.
4. The moon hangs in the clear evening sky full, visible through the branches of the maple (M. Bulgakov).

At first glance, these examples contradict the rules. In such positions, definitions should be isolated, but if we add commas, the semantic relationships between words will be destroyed. What does it mean the face had an expression or officer with a face? Word face in such a context, it necessarily requires a definition - without it, the result is absurdity, therefore, in such cases it is impossible to separate the definition from the word being defined.
In the 3rd and 4th examples, the definitions are closely related in meaning to both the subject and the predicate, so we do not highlight them. So any rule must be used meaningfully, and not mechanically.

Preparing for the Unified State Exam

What numbers should be replaced by commas?

Illuminated by the light (1) incorrectly (2) and quiveringly burning (3), they seemed like a wild host of gnomes (4) surrounded by heavy (5) underground steam (6) in the darkness of the night (N. Gogol).

Answer options:

1, 2, 5, 6;
1, 3, 4, 5, 6;
1, 3, 4, 6;
3, 4.

Indicate a sentence with a punctuation error

(1) At the beginning of the 20th century, electric trams appeared in Russian cities.
(2) It is interesting that in the trams of those years the sound alarm was not electric, but manual. (3) During departure, the conductor of the trailer car pulled the rope that stretched to the bell mounted on the ceiling of the rear platform of the motor car. (4) The conductor of the motor car, hearing this signal, pulled his shorter rope, and the bell rang on the front platform. (5) Having heard him, the tram driver, in turn, pressed the bell with his foot, placed to the right of his seat, and only after all these chimes did the tram move off. (6) On the way, the carriage driver almost continuously rang his leg bell, warning oncoming horse-drawn transport and passers-by.
(7) Passengers standing in the carriage held on to soft leather loops attached to special sticks on both sides of the carriage (Ya.Rivosh).

Answer: 5.

Lesson summary

So, agreed common and non-common definitions are always separated if the word being defined is a personal pronoun.
If the word being defined is a noun, then the common definition that comes after it is always isolated.
Before a noun, the definition is isolated under the condition of an additional adverbial meaning.
Two (or more) agreed upon definitions are separated if they come after a defined noun, which usually already has a definition.

Lesson vocabulary

Punctuation
Punctuation marks
Dividing punctuation mark
Emphatic punctuation marks
Agreed Definition
Separate members of the sentence

Punctuation is a collection of rules for using punctuation marks.

Punctuation marks– a space, a period, a question mark, an exclamation mark, an ellipsis, a comma, a semicolon, a colon, a dash, and parentheses.

Dividing punctuation mark– single, separates sentence members and parts of a complex sentence.

Emphatic punctuation marks– paired, they highlight sentence members that are given special syntactic significance. Distinctive punctuation marks can be single if the sentence begins or ends with separate members.

Agreed Definition- this is a definition in the same case, gender and number as the word being defined. The agreed definition can be expressed by a full adjective, participle, ordinal number, or pronoun-adjective.

Separate members of the sentence– those that stand out in meaning and intonation. They contain an element of additional message and are thus logically emphasized and acquire some syntactic independence as part of a sentence. In writing, isolated members are separated by commas or dashes.

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I. Definitions are separated, standing in post position , i.e. after defined (or substantivized word):

1. expressed participial phrase.

• City, destroyed in the center , with the streets somehow tidied up and swept, it fell wearily silent.
• (V.P. Astafiev)
• All, railway related , is still filled with the poetry of travel for me.
• (K. G. Paustovsky)

2. expressed adjective with words dependent on it.

• Those are also worth three, everyone is gloomy.
• (M. Gorky)

II. Singles definitions, standing after defined noun, are separated:

1. if before already defined by a noun there is a definition. *

• The whole look Arkadieva uncles, graceful and thoroughbred , retained his youthful slimness.
• (I. S. Turgenev)

• Small Anechka, elegant and beautiful , I was looking forward to Santa Claus.

3. if it applies to a single definition comparative turnover.

• List literature , huge , like a real high school student, I had to read it over the summer.

III. Separate themselves common or single definitions standing directly before determinednoun (in preposition), if they have additional adverbial meaning(causal, conditional, concessive, temporary).

• Deafened by a heavy roar ,
• Terkin bows his head.
• (A. T. Tvardovsky)
• Disheveled , unwashed , Nezhdanov looked wild and strange.
• (I. S. Turgenev)

Such definitions can be preceded by the word "being" or convert them to adverbial clauses. (Wed: Being deafened by a heavy roar, Tyorkin bows his head. Or: Terkin bows his head, because he is deafened by a heavy roar.)

IV. Regardless of location always in sentence are isolated common or single definitions:

• She, calm and calm , I spent a long time preparing for the upcoming conversation.
• Full of thought , walked I once on the high road.
• (I. S. Turgenev)
• A He, rebellious , asks for storms
• As if there is peace in the storms!
• (M. Yu. Lermontov)

2. separated from the defined noun by text.

• Young travelers very tired and , exhausted , we barely trudged to our overnight stop.
• And in the yard , dull and boring ,
• rang out bell monotonous.
• (M. Yu. Lermontov)

V. Not isolated common (or single definitions):

1. standing in preposition And not having additional circumstantial meanings.

• The expanse of the plain flowed into hung with rare clouds sky.
• (K. A. Fedin)

• Her big eyes, filled with inexplicable sadness, seemed to be searching in mine. something like hope.
• (M. Yu. Lermontov)

3. expressed by a complex form of the name, since such forms do not form a turnover and are indivisible member offers.

• In a circle closest to the bride were her two sisters.
• (L.N. Tolstoy)

* Note.

If there is no definition before the defined noun - isolation of single definitions standing in post position , optional: definitions are isolated when they convey the meaning of an additional characteristic, and are not isolated if they have a close intonation-semantic connection with the word being defined.

• And the Cossacks , both on foot and on horseback , they took three roads to three gates.
• (N.V. Gogol)
• Under this thick gray overcoat my heart was beating passionate and noble...
• (M. Yu. Lermontov)

In the first sentence of the definition on foot And horse-drawn transmit the value of the additional characteristic; they can be omitted without significant damage to the semantic structure of the sentence.

In the second sentence of the definition passionate And noble closely related in meaning to the word being defined heart. The hero of M. Yu. Lermontov emphasizes that the heart knows how to love, namely passionate, noble heart.

Inconsistent separate definition

Isolated circumstance

Standalone application

Application is a special type of definition expressed by a noun in the same number and case as the noun or pronoun that it defines: jumping dragonfly, beauty maiden.

Task 17

What do you mean?

The language has appeals, introductory words and combinations, introductory sentences, and inserted constructions. All these phenomena relate to the topic. But in KIMs the range of linguistic phenomena is narrowed. Therefore, we will limit ourselves to introductory words and sentences. What do you need to know about them?

1. Introductory words are not parts of the sentence.
2. Introductory words are not grammatically related to the members of the sentence.
Everyone knows that they are separated by commas in writing. The difficulty is not in punctuation as such, but in the need to recognize such words, combinations of words and constructions. The fact is that in Russian the same word can play different roles. How not to confuse introductory words with homonymous members of the sentence? We learn to distinguish. To do this, compare:

Fortunately, my mother did not ask what time I returned, and there was no unpleasant conversation.

Fortunately- introductory word, separated by a comma.

The dishes break, fortunately.

Fortunately- addition, syntactic connection - control: beats (to what?) fortunately.

Try lowering fortunately. In the second sentence, this cannot be done without violating the meaning and grammatical structure of the sentence.
Let's compare:

The dishes break, fortunately. ≠ The dishes break.

You feel that this is not the same thing at all. Why doesn't the second sentence allow for such a transformation? Because fortunately- a member of a sentence that is grammatically and meaningfully related to another member of the sentence. If it is excluded, the structure changes. In the first sentence fortunately is not part of the sentence. Moreover, it is not grammatically related to any part of the sentence. Therefore, the sentence structure will not change if the introductory word is omitted.

In the Russian language, many words can be used in two ways: both as introductory words and as members of a sentence.

Maybe Oh, my brother will become a musician. ≠ Brother May be musician: he has perfect pitch.
You, right, from the North? ≠ You solved the problem right.
Maybe, he will call today. ≠ Article Maybe write in a week.
See, we are not late, you worried in vain. ≠ You you see road sign?

In some cases, a double interpretation of the meaning of a sentence is possible, for example:

She's definitely right.

undoubtedly= of course: speaker’s confidence, introductory word

She's definitely right.

undoubtedly= without conditions and restrictions, circumstance of measure and degree

Then, he became a famous actor.

Then - word introducing argument, introductory word

Then he became a famous actor.

Then= later, circumstance of time

In such cases, the broader context and intonation of an oral utterance or the punctuation of a written one help to distinguish between introductory words and members of a sentence. But in CIMs there are no commas: everyone must determine for themselves whether they are needed or not. This means that the only thing you can focus on is the meaning of the sentence and the possibility - the impossibility of omitting the analyzed words without breaking the grammatical connections and structure of the sentence.

Lists of examples will help you notice introductory words and sentences.

What is expressed

Emotions, feelings, assessment

Fortunately, to joy, unfortunately, to chagrin, to chagrin, unfortunately, to shame, to surprise, to amazement, to happiness, to joy, to surprise, to happiness, to truth, to conscience, to justice, what good , strange thing, amazing thing, funny to say, don’t say it as a reproach