Spelling some and any. Some Any rules for use in various constructions

As you know, it is impossible to learn any language for its full use without having sufficient knowledge of the basis of this language, which is largely grammar. A good knowledge of grammar makes it possible to communicate correctly, construct sentences, correspond and, in general, gain full access to all of a particular language. Learning English may seem difficult only at first glance; grammar is quite difficult for many at first, but if you look at how many people around the world successfully learn English, you can come to the conclusion that this language is not so difficult to master. In addition, the Russian language is considered one of the most difficult in the world, and if we know Russian, then we can learn English.

Basic grammar and some important information points

In the grammar of the English language there are many important and interesting questions that require close study, and today we will talk about exactly what place the words some and any occupy in the English language and what this linguistic phenomenon represents. More precisely, we are not even talking about a design, but about a language tool that will allow you to achieve the desired effect. The words some and any are pronouns, but these pronouns are not ordinary, but “indefinite.” Indefinite pronouns are always used to designate something, most often using a noun in a complex. As a rule, these words have meanings only in English, and are not even translated into Russian, but let's look at everything in order.

What are some and any needed for, how to use them and where to use them

In English, some and any are used to denote an indefinite, often small amount of something. Most often, these indefinite pronouns act as modifiers of a noun and are placed instead of an article. The word some, as a rule, is used in affirmative sentences when it is placed before countable nouns (water is uncountable, coins are countable, that is, coins can be counted) in the plural, as well as before uncountable nouns. In this case, some will give the meaning of “several” or “some”. This is easier to understand by looking at more specific examples.

Examplesuse of the pronoun some

I've got SOME interesting books to read. – I have SEVERAL interesting books to read.

SOME children don't like sleep. – SOME children don't like to sleep.

As we can see, in these two examples the pronoun some takes on different meanings – “several” and “some”. The word can be used in the same meanings not only in affirmative sentences, but also in interrogative ones.

Examplesuses and purpose of the pronoun any

The pronoun any is used, as a rule, in negative and interrogative sentences and is translated as “somewhat”, “at least some”, or is not translated into Russian at all. When combined with the negative particle not, the pronoun any takes on the meaning “no”, which is often used in negative sentences. For example:

They haven't got ANY mistakes in this text. – They do not have ANY errors in this text.

When performing the attributive function on an uncountable noun, the pronoun any takes on the meaning “somewhat”:

Have you got ANY milk here? Is there milk here? (SO MUCH milk)

In English, these words are classified as pronouns (Pronouns). Surely you have already met them. How to correctly use these words, as well as their derivatives (somebody, anything, nowhere)?

Rule #1

The usage depends on the type of sentence - affirmative, negative or interrogative.

As you can see, these words are used in the same way with both countable and uncountable nouns, but they will be translated into Russian slightly differently. For example:

I have some books in my bag. - I have it in my bag some books.

I have some money in my purse. - I have it in my wallet A little money.

Ben doesn't have any pens. - Ben doesn't have no handles

There isn't any milk in the fridge. - In the refrigerator not at all milk.

Do you have any questions? – Do you have any questions?

Do you have any flour? - Do you have for some time flour?

Rule #2

There are 2 cases when the word some is used in an interrogative sentence.

  1. Request:

    Could you lend me some money? - Could you lend me A little money?

  2. Offer:

    Would you like some water? - You don’t want to A little water?

Rule #3

Also the word some can be used to mean "some". In this case, it must be followed by a preposition of and either the definite article the, or a possessive pronoun ( my, her...). For example:

Some of my friends play football. – Some of my friends play football.

Word any can also be used to mean "any, everyone". In this case, it can be put in an affirmative sentence. For example:

Take any of these oranges. - Take any of these oranges.

Rule #4

Negation in which the word is usually used any, is not always formed with an auxiliary verb. For this, various words that carry a negative meaning can be used. For example:

She never does any housework - They never doesn't no housework.

Peter has read hardly any books in his life. – Peter hardly read how much books in my life.

Rule #5

The pronoun no can only be used in negation; more precisely, it itself makes the sentence negative. Since in English there can only be one negation in a sentence (we cannot say, as in Russian “I don’t know anything”), the sentence will be constructed as follows:

He has no problems. - He doesn't have no problems.

As you can see, the sentence has the same construction as the affirmative, but carries a negative meaning. This proposal can be formulated in another way:

He doesn't have any problems. - He doesn't have no problems.

The pronoun used here any, which, as you already know, is used in negatives.

Rule #6

Derivatives can be formed from all three pronouns. They appear in speech very often and you have probably already seen them too. For example, in song titles: “ Somebody that I used to know” by Gotye – “ Someone, whom I knew" or "Takes me nowhere” by the Offspring team – “ Nowhere will not lead me" (translation option - " No use won't lead me).
First, we need to understand how derivatives are formed.

Please note that derived words denoting people and things will fall under the category of pronouns, and those denoting place will fall under the category of adverbs (Adverbs). Words somebody/someone are synonymous, however someone is used somewhat more often. Words no one is the only pronoun in this group that is written separately.
The rules of use here are similar to those stated above:

Statement:

Somebody has just entered the room. – Someone just entered the room.

Something strange happened last week. - Happened last week something strange.

I need somewhere to leave my personal belongings. - I need somewhere leave my personal belongings.

Negation:

I didn't see anybody in the library yesterday. - Yesterday I was in the library no one I haven't seen it.

I saw nobody in the library yesterday. - Yesterday I was in the library no one I haven't seen it.

Don't let anyone leave the class. - Don't let no one leave the class.

I can't see your glasses anywhere. - I nowhere I don't see your glasses.

Question:

Have you told anyone? - You said someone?

Do you have anything interesting to read? - Do you have anything interesting to read?

Derivatives of some can also be used in requests and sentences:

Would you like something to drink? - Do you want anything drink?

Can I have something to drink? - May I anything drink?

Also, derivatives of some can be used in questions if the speaker expects an affirmative answer:

Are you watching something on TV at the moment? - Are you looking now? something on TV?

Just like a word any, its derivatives can be used in the meanings " any, anyone, anything, anywhere."

It’s very easy – ask anybody! - It's very simple - just ask any!

A pronoun is a word that indicates an object or the quality of an object, but does not directly name it. Today we will look at indefinite pronouns( indefinite pronouns) some, any, no in English.

Rules for using some, any, no

Before considering use cases some, any, no, let's find out the translation of these words.

  • Some– some, some, some, several.
  • Any translated in the same way, and can also be translated as "any".
  • No- none, not at all.

The general rule for these pronouns is: some, any, no must come before the noun they qualify. In this function they resemble articles ( a/an And the), which are also used before a noun. Let's look at the table.

Offer Example Countable Uncountable
+ We need an (some) apple.
some apples.
some rice.
some milk.
We don't need a (any) tomato.
any tomatoes.
any rice.
any sugar
? Do we need a (any) tomato?
any tomatoes?
any rice?
any sugar?

It is important to remember that it is better not to leave a noun unaccompanied by a pronoun or article. And now - to the rules of use some, any, no in English.

  1. Pronoun some used in affirmative sentences. But it can also be found in interrogative sentences, if we are talking about a request or offer to do something for someone.

    There is some portrait on the wall. – There’s a portrait hanging on the wall.

    The boys broke some windows in the house. – The boys broke several windows in the house.

    Would you like some beer? - Would you like some beer? (offer)

    Give me, please, some juice. - Give me some juice, please. (request)

    Please note that with singular words some translated as "some" ( some boy- some boy), with the same nouns in the plural - “several” ( some people– several people), but with uncountable nouns – “a little” ( some sugar– a little sugar).

  2. Pronoun any used in interrogative and negative sentences instead some and means “any, any, any.”

    Do you speak any foreign languages? – Do you speak any foreign languages?

    Did the manager take any decision? – Has the manager made any decisions?

    I did not find any mistakes. - I didn't find any errors.

    If any stands in an affirmative sentence, it is translated as “any”, “any”, “whatever”.

    Any vegetable is useful for your health. – Any vegetable is good for your health.

    Any girl wants to get married. - Every girl wants to get married.

    You can catch any of these buses. – You can take any of these buses.

  3. Watch a video from a native speaker to understand the difference between some And any.

  4. Pronoun no as a definition it is used with all types of nouns, both singular and plural. It expresses the absence of something and is used only in negative sentences.

    John has no furniture in his flat. John doesn’t have any furniture in his apartment.

    Fortunately there are no cars in this area. - Fortunately, there are no cars in this area.

    Please note the difference between not And no. Not we use for the verb and no– before a noun:

    I have no telephone at home. = I have not got a telephone at home. – I don’t have a phone at home.

    There are no pupils in the classroom. = There are not any pupils in the classroom. - There are no students in the class.

    There is no information in the file. = There is not any information in the file. – There is no information in the file.

    You can use any option: no or not any. Just don’t mix them up, because there can only be one negative in an English sentence.

    There is no any difference. – There is not any difference or There is no difference. - There is no difference.

Combination of some, any, no with other words

When we talk about people ( people), things ( things), places ( places), we can add some, any, no and get new words. Let's look at the table to find out which words we can add these pronouns to.

About Some + Any+ No +
People
people
Somebody, someone- someone, someone, someone, somebody Anybody, anyone– anyone, no one, anyone, anyone, anyone Nobody, no one- no one, no one
Things
Things
Something- something, something, anything Anything- anything Nothing- nothing, nothing
Places
Locations
Somewhere- somewhere, somewhere, somewhere Anywhere- anywhere, anywhere, anywhere Nowhere- nowhere, nowhere

And a few more rules that are worth paying attention to.

  1. We use somebody, something, somewhere etc., when we do not say exactly who, what or where performs the action.

    Somebody broke the window. - Someone broke the window.

    He has done something special for me. “He did something special for me.”

    I want to go somewhere nice this evening. – I want to go to some cool place in the evening.

  2. Use anybody, anything, anywhere in questions and with verbs in the negative form.

    We didn't do anything last night. – We didn’t do anything yesterday.

    My friend didn’t see anybody at the park. – My friend didn’t see anyone in the park.

  3. Choose nobody, nothing, nowhere, when you give a short answer, and also when the verb is in the affirmative form, but you still build a negative sentence.

    Who's in the bathroom? - Nobody. - Who's in the bathroom? - Nobody.

    We did nothing last night. – We didn’t do anything yesterday.

  4. Somebody, nobody used in the same way as someone, no one. There is no difference in their meanings.

    Somebody (someone) wants to see you. - Someone wants to see you.

As you can see, there are not many rules. If you study all this, the use some, any, no should not cause any difficulties. At the end, we offer you a downloadable tablet and a test so that you remember the rules for using these pronouns.

Test

Using some, any, no

In English grammar, special attention should be paid to the category of indefinite pronouns, which includes pronouns such as some, any, little, few, every, much, etc.

These pronouns are studied in separate topics, usually in pairs:

Some/any;

Either/neither;

Much/many, etc.

This article will cover in detail the pronouns some and any, which are used in different meanings. To present the information in a convenient, structured form, all of it is entered into a table.

Usage table for Some and Any

1. Some and any are used to mean before plural nouns.

They sent me some boxes of salt - They sent me several boxes of salt.
  • Have you got any books for our library? – Do you have (any) books for our library?
  • John didn't show me any dresses - John didn't show me (any) dresses.
2. Some and any are used to mean some, several, someinstead of plural nouns. Some (in affirmative sentences) Clients of our company wanted to look at the new products and we showed them some – Clients of our company wanted to look at new products, and we showed them a few.
Any (in interrogative and negative sentences) Tom asked me for some tickets but I hadn't any - Tom asked me for tickets, but I didn’t have them.
3. Some and any are used to mean before uncountable nouns. However, they are often not translated into Russian. Some (in affirmative sentences) Add some oil, please – Add some oil, please.
Any (in interrogative and negative sentences) We don"t have any work in May - We have no work in May.
4. Some and any are used to mean some amount, a little, someinstead of uncountable nouns. Some (in affirmative sentences) We need some salt. Please pass me some - We need salt. Pass me the salt, please.
Any (in interrogative and negative sentences) I have lost my money on my way home. Have you got any? – I lost my money on the way home. Do you have money?
5. In special matters some is used, not any.
  • Where can we sell some TV-sets? – Where can we sell several TVs?
  • Why didn't you show her some photos of that day? - Why didn’t you show her the photos of that day?
6. Some is used to mean some before plural nouns. Some animals die in cold weather – In cold weather, some animals die.
7. Some is used to mean part before uncountable nouns. Some of the fuel was found in the forest – Some of the fuel was found in the forest.
8. Any is used in any sentences to mean everyone, any with uncountable nouns or countable nouns in the singular.
  • She may find me at university at any time tomorrow - Tomorrow she will be able to find me at the university at any time.
  • You can deposit money in any bank of our country - You can deposit money in any bank in our country.

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Pronouns some, any, no, every and their derivatives

Posted on 2013-05-06 by admin in English for beginners // 5 Comments

English indefinite pronouns some, no, any, every, when combined with the word thing meaning “thing, object”, can form other pronouns that will replace inanimate nouns. And in combination with words one And body(body) pronouns are formed that replace animate nouns. “Where” means “where,” respectively, the derivatives somewhere, anywhere and nowhere will denote location.

How to correctly use derivatives of some, any, no

Pay attention to the table of pronoun formation, which details all the pronouns formed in accordance with the above method, with translation into Russian.

Derivatives are used according to the same principle as some, any, no. Pronouns somebody, someone And something, as well as the indefinite pronoun some, used only in affirmative sentences, a anybody, anyone, And anything replace them in interrogative and negative sentences. Examples:

  • I see somebody near the gate. – I see someone near the gate
  • I don't see anybody there. - I don’t see anyone there
  • There is something in the basket. - there is something in the basket
  • Is there anything in the basket? – is there anything in the basket?
  • A sentence that contains pronouns no, nothing, nobody, called negative, will contain only one negation, i.e. the predicate will not be in a negative, but in an affirmative form.

  • There is no one here - there is nobody here
  • I know nothing – I know nothing
  • Nobody came - nobody has come
  • As can be seen from the above examples, Russian sentences contain two negations: the first, expressed by the negative particle “no”, and the second by the negative pronouns “nobody, nothing, nobody”, but when translated into English there should be only one negation. Therefore, if we use nothing, nobody, nowhere, then we need an affirmative sentence. We remind you that if these same sentences are put in interrogative form, no, nobody, nothing will be replaced by any, anybody, anything.

  • There is nobody in the class – is there anybody in the class? – Is there anyone in the class?
  • I know nothing – do you know anything? – do you know anything?
  • Nobody has come – has anyone come? – did anyone come?
  • When translating sentences from Russian into English containing indefinite pronouns and their derivatives, first determine which sentence is in front of you: affirmative, negative or interrogative, and only then carry out the translation.

  • Derivatives with every - everybody/everyone - everyone, every And everything - everything - combined with a 3rd person singular verb: Everything is OK. Has everyone come?
  • In a sentence, derived pronouns act as subjects or objects:

  • Somebody is calling you. – in this case the word “Somebody” is the subject - Someone is calling you.
  • Do you hear anything? – and in this sentence it is an object - Do you hear anything?
  • Derivatives with where

    Indefinite pronouns Some, any, no, every also combined with the interrogative pronoun " where - where" and form adverbs from it, which are translated as somewhere , anywhere- “somewhere, somewhere, somewhere, somewhere” nowhere- “nowhere, nowhere” everywhere- "everywhere".

  • Are you going anywhere? – are you going somewhere?
  • He works nowhere - he doesn’t work anywhere
  • Does he work anywhere? – Does he work somewhere?
  • The snow is everywhere – snow is everywhere
  • As you can see from the above examples, the derived adverb somewhere, as in the case of derived pronouns, is used in affirmative sentences, and anywhere replaces it in interrogatives and negatives.

    What are some and any? Rules and numerous examples of use

    Hello again, my dear readers.

    You won't believe it, but there is one grammar topic in the English language that every person likes - this rule some any. Pronouns that you definitely won’t get confused about using. And on the wave of this “lightness” we will get to know her today. Rules, tables and many, many examples await us.

    What is it?

    Some and any (and also no)- these are pronouns that we can use either independently or as a replacement for the article. They are used in different types of sentences, and are even translated differently.

  • Some– used in the meaning of “some”, “some”, “several”.
  • Any- used in the same meanings, but sometimes it can also mean “any”.
  • No- most often used as the words “not at all” or “none”.
  • Basic Rule

    For children and adults just starting to learn, this topic will not be so difficult. That's why I have a table that will help you quickly remember when to write "any", and when - "some".


    Let's do something more complicated.

    Well, how can I get by with a simple rule? Therefore, catch more rules and examples.

  • The pronoun "some" is most often used in affirmative proposals.
  • I need some chocolate bars.- I need some chocolate bars.

    You should try some new recipes.-You need to try some new recipes.

    They have seen some dolphins during their trip.- They saw several dolphins during the trip.

  • It can be found in interrogative constructions if the conversation is about request or suggestion accomplish something.
  • Could you give me some milk, please?- Could you give me some milk?

    Can you fill in some papers, please?- Could you fill out some papers?

    Would you like to have some more pie?- Would you like some more pie?

  • Most often you can find him in general interrogatives or negative proposals.
  • Did the government make any decision?- Has the government made any decision?

    Does she have any books while she is in hospital?- Does she have any books while she's in the hospital?

    We don't need any help. - We don't need any help.

    I don’t have any problems with the marketing director.- I have no problems with the marketing director.

  • Sometimes you can find this pronoun in affirmative proposals. Then in this case it translated as "any". To make you feel the difference, let's compare these two sentences.
  • Any bird can fly.- Any bird can fly. (Everyone, without exception)

    Some birds can fly. - Some birds can fly. (Only some types of birds can fly. Others cannot)

  • The pronoun "no" can be used with any noun, but is used in negative in meaning proposals.
  • She has no time left.- She has no time left.

    When I came home, there was no chocolate left.- When I came home, there was no chocolate left at all.

    I had no strength to continue climbing the mountain.“I didn’t have the strength to continue climbing the mountain.”

    But be careful. Very often, students can confuse the particle not and the pronoun no. If the first is used only with verbs, then the last is used before a noun.

    I don't have a newspaper. - I don't have a newspaper.

    I have no newspaper. - I don't have a newspaper.

    Don't forget that there can't be double negatives in English, so build your sentence structure correctly. By the way, you can remember the structure and correct order of words in a sentence by reading my article about it.

    You can't bring no sweets. - A completely incorrect proposal. We can change it in two ways.

    Leave the first negative: You can't bring any sweets.

    Leave the second negative: You can bring no sweets.- You can't bring sweets.

    Both of these options will be correct!

    I'm sure it's mine online collection of English grammar, where you can learn the rules and apply them in practice, will be very useful for you.

    Derivatives

    No, we are not going to talk about mathematics now. We will talk about the fact that very often “some”, “any” or “no” with the addition of certain particles can form new words. For example, some can become somebody. The rules for using pronouns remain the same. Let's take a closer look at the picture (click to enlarge).

    For both elementary school and 5th grade students, this topic can become one of the most favorite. I'm telling you from my own experience. And another topic "much and many" . Therefore, if you have passed the 3rd grade and have grown to this topic, I hope that this lesson helped you in your learning.

    I read the rule and did the exercise. Do not forget about such an important component of our training. Your exercise routine is already waiting for you on the pages of my blog - go here to pin the topic. After this you can also go through online test.

    If you want to be aware of what's new here - subscribe to the newsletter. I promise you won't get bored.

    Some, any, no and their derivatives. Rules of use

    Let's talk about the use of the pronouns some, any, no, as well as their derivatives. You can complete exercises to practice this topic in the article SOME, ANY, NO: EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS.

    Briefly rules for using some, any, no can be reduced to the following statements:

  • In affirmative sentences we use some;
  • In interrogative sentences we use any;
  • In negative sentences with not we use any;
  • No means “none” and makes the sentence negative.
  • But these are just basic rules that do not give the full picture, so let’s talk about each pronoun and their derivatives separately.

    Using Some.

    Some translates as a few, a little, some .

    The pronoun some is used:

  • with uncountable (which cannot be counted) English nouns in the meaning 'A little'
  • There is some pure water in the bottle. - There is some clean water in the bottle.

  • with countable (which can be counted) plural nouns in the meaning 'some' or 'some'
  • Some students prepared interesting reports. - Several students (some students) prepared interesting reports.

    • with countable English nouns in the singular meaning 'any'
    • Some girl has just called you. - Some girl just called you.

      Some and its derivatives (see table below) are most often used in affirmative sentences. However, they can also be used in interrogative structures:

    • to express a request or suggestion
    • Would you like something to drink? - Will you drink?

      Can I have some warm milk? — Can I have some warm milk?

    • when we assume an affirmative answer to our question.
    • Are you doing something at the moment? -Are you busy with something right now?

      Some can be used with the preposition of to mean some of. But after the preposition, the noun must be preceded by either a definite article, or a demonstrative or possessive pronoun.

      Some of my relatives live in Brest. - Some of my relatives live in Brest.

      Some of the girls were not properly dressed. – Some of the girls were not dressed very well.

      Let's summarize what has been said with a table:

      Using the pronoun Any

      Any and its derivatives are used mainly in negative and interrogative sentences:

      I’m glad that you haven’t any problems with your studies. – I’m glad that you don’t have any problems with your studies.

      Has anybody called me? - Did anyone call me?

      Any and its derivatives can also be used in affirmative constructions in the following situations:

    • meaning any, any, anything, anywhere, etc.
    • Anyone can tell you her name. “Anyone can tell you her name.”

      You may use anything you need. – You can use whatever you need.

    • in subordinate clauses after if.
    • I wonder if they found anybody there. “I wonder if they found anyone there.”

      Let me know if you have any trouble. – If there are any problems, let me know.

    • after the following words with a negative meaning:
    • Hardly - barely, almost not

      Scarcely - barely, almost not

      Without - without, without doing anything

      little, few - few

      to refuse – refuse

      Sally rarely talks to anyone. Sally rarely talks to anyone.

      Fred could hardly see anything in that dark room - Fred could hardly see anything in that dark room.

      Any can be used with the preposition of to mean any :

      You can catch any of these trams. They all go to Lake Komsomol – You can take any of these trams. They all go to Komsomolskoye Lake.

      However, the complex pronouns anyone, anything, anybody are not used with the preposition of.

      Anyone of these managers can be appointed director. – Any of these managers can be appointed as a director.

      Any of these managers can be appointed director.

      After complex pronouns and adverbs, the adverb else can be used - in the meaning else, except .

      anybody / anyone else – anyone else

      anything else - something else

      anywhere else - somewhere else

      Have you got anything else to tell me? – Is there anything else you want to tell me?

      The indefinite pronouns anybody, anyone CAN take a possessive ending.

      I don't want to get anyone's help. – I don’t want to accept anyone’s help.

      If the pronoun is used in combination with the adverb else, the possessive case takes on the given adverb.

      Did you notice anybody else’s tracks there? -Have you noticed anyone else's footprints there?

      Use of the pronoun no.

      The pronoun no is used before any nouns. The use of the pronoun no makes the sentence negative.

      No = not a + singular noun. number

      No = not. any + plural countable noun number / uncountable noun

      Has no CD player. = Doesn't have a CD player. He doesn't have a CD player.

      I found no books on Art in this library. = I did not find any books on Art in this library. - I didn’t find any books on art in this library.

      If a noun plays the role of a subject in a sentence, then it can only be preceded by no (not one, none), and not not. a/not. any.

      No student has failed this difficult exam. – Not a single student failed this difficult exam.

      No has the following derivatives: nobody = no one - no one, nothing - nothing, nowhere - nowhere. Since the pronoun and its derivatives have a negative meaning, the predicate verb in the sentence must be in the affirmative form.

      I've heard nothing about this man. -I haven't heard anything about this man.

      When they entered the room, they saw nobody there. “When they entered the room, they saw no one there.

      When nobody, no one and nothing serve as subjects, the verb is singular.

      Nobody has seen him since Sunday. - Nobody has seen him since Sunday.

      There is nothing personal in the note. - There is nothing personal in this note.

      After the pronouns nobody and no one, the preposition of cannot be used. The expression none of is translated as none of.

      Derivatives from some, any, no.

      Let's look at the main derivatives of some, any, no.

      Derivatives from the pronoun some, any, no are used independently without subsequent nouns and serve as the subject or object in a sentence.

      Someone should help him. - Someone should help him.

      However, the complex pronouns someone, somebody. Something and others are never used with the preposition of,

      Somebody of my friends like rock music.

      After complex pronouns and adverbs, the adverb else can be used - meaning yet, except (somebody else, someone else, something else, somewhere else).

      I don't know how to get there. Ask somebody else. – I don’t know how to get there. Ask someone else.

      Derived pronouns take the possessive ending:

      I have found someone's purse. - I found someone's wallet.

      16 Comments for “Some, any, no and their derivatives. Rules of use"

      Pronouns some, any, no and their derivatives

      Indefinite pronouns some, any, no and their forms are actively used in English. Any and no are synonyms in some cases.

    • use in declarative sentences some(except “would you like ...", etc.),
    • in interrogatives and negatives – any and no(except any in the meaning “any”).
    • Pronoun Some

      When used with countable nouns it means “several”, “some”.

      Some people in our town are very generous - Some people in our city are very generous.
      Some relatives came to help me to pack – Several relatives came to help me pack my things.

      In sentences with uncountable nouns it means “a little.”

      He lent me some money - He lent me some money.

      Some is sometimes used in interrogative sentences when there is a request.

      Can I make some milkshake for myself? – Can I make a milkshake for myself?

      Pronoun Any

      Any in an interrogative sentence usually means “anyone”, “anyone”.

      Has any of you read the “The Hobbit”? – Have any of you read The Hobbit?

      Any is also used in a declarative sentence to mean "any of", as shown in the example above.

      Any in negative sentences:

      I haven’t received any package from you - I did not receive any parcel from you.

      Pronoun No

      The particle no means negation. In most cases, it can be replaced by any with a negation.

      I had no mobile phone when I was ten. I didn’t have any mobile phone when I was ten - I didn’t have a mobile phone when I was 10.

      Attention! There is only one negative in an English sentence. Read more about the common double negative mistake.

      Table of derivatives of indefinite pronouns

      The general rules for using derivatives of some, any, no do not change.

      Somebody/Someone came to this room and took all the books from here - Someone came into this room and took all the books from here.

      It is raining somewhere near Tula now - Now it is raining somewhere near Tula.

      Something fell from the shelf and woke the baby up - Something fell from the shelf and woke up the baby.

      Nobody/No one has ever stood on its ears – Nobody has ever stood on their ears.

      Nothing bothers Lena, when she does yoga – Nothing bothers Lena when she does yoga.

      We could buy caviar nowhere in this little town – We could not buy caviar anywhere in this small town.

      Anyone/Anybody can learn how to swim if they want – Anyone can learn to swim if they want.

      You can ski anywhere in this forest – In this forest you can ski anywhere.

      Anything would be better than this terrible soup - Everything would be tastier than this terrible soup.

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      Using some, any, no in English

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      • A pronoun is a word that indicates an object or the quality of an object, but does not directly name it. Today we will look at indefinite pronouns( indefinite pronouns) some, any, no in English.

        Rules for using some, any, no

        Before considering use cases some, any, no, let's find out the translation of these words.

      • Some– some, some, some, several.
      • Any translated in the same way, and can also be translated as "any".
      • No- none, not at all.
      • The general rule for these pronouns is: some, any, no must come before the noun they qualify. In this function they resemble articles ( a/an And the), which are also used before a noun. Let's look at the table.

        It is important to remember that it is better not to leave a noun unaccompanied by a pronoun or article. And now - to the rules of use some, any, no in English.

      Pronoun some used in affirmative sentences. But it can also be found in interrogative sentences, if we are talking about a request or offer to do something for someone.

    There is some portrait on the wall. – There’s a portrait hanging on the wall.

    The boys broke some windows in the house. – The boys broke several windows in the house.

    Would you like some beer? - Would you like some beer? (offer)

    Give me, please, some juice. - Give me some juice, please. (request)

    Please note that with singular words some translated as "some" ( some boy- some boy), with the same nouns in the plural - “several” ( some people– several people), but with uncountable nouns – “a little” ( some sugar– a little sugar).
    Pronoun any used in interrogative and negative sentences instead some and means “any, any, any.”

    Do you speak any foreign languages? – Do you speak any foreign languages?

    Did the manager take any decision? – Has the manager made any decisions?

    I did not find any mistakes. - I didn't find any errors.

    If any stands in an affirmative sentence, it is translated as “any”, “any”, “whatever”.

    Any vegetable is useful for your health. – Any vegetable is good for your health.

    Any girl wants to get married. - Every girl wants to get married.

    You can catch any of these buses. – You can take any of these buses.

    Watch a video from a native speaker to understand the difference between some And any.

    Pronoun no as a definition it is used with all types of nouns, both singular and plural. It expresses the absence of something and is used only in negative sentences.

    John has no furniture in his flat. John doesn’t have any furniture in his apartment.

    Fortunately there are no cars in this area. - Fortunately, there are no cars in this area.

    Please note the difference between not And no. Not we use for the verb and no– before a noun:

    I have no telephone at home. = I have not got a telephone at home. – I don’t have a phone at home.

    There are no pupils in the classroom. = There are not any pupils in the classroom. - There are no students in the class.

    There is no information in the file. = There is not any information in the file. – There is no information in the file.

    You can use any option: no or not any. Just don’t mix them up, because there can only be one negative in an English sentence.

    There is no any difference. – There is not any difference or There is no difference. - There is no difference.

    Combination of some, any, no with other words

    When we talk about people ( people), things ( things), places ( places), we can add some, any, no and get new words. Let's look at the table to find out which words we can add these pronouns to.

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