Task formulation:

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 51. Write the answer in numbers:
(51) Anna Fedotovna closed her blind eyes and listened intently, but her soul was silent, and her son’s voice no longer sounded in her.

Correct answer: 3

Comment: 1st basis - Anna Fedotovna closed her eyes and listened; 2nd - the soul was silent; 3rd - the voice did not sound.

Task 11 related to task 8OGE in Russian, in which you need to write out the grammatical basis. Therefore, you should first repeat (link will open in a new window). Considering the specifics of task 11, your main task is to count the number of stems in a sentence. Therefore, in this article we will consider the theoretical material in more detail.

What you need to know:

Subject

SUBJECT- this is the main member of the sentence, denoting an object, the action or attribute of which is expressed by the predicate, and answering the questions “who?”, “what?”. You can ask a question that will help you in any situation: “Who (or what) is doing the action?” When parsing a sentence, the subject is emphasized by one line.

Most often, the subject is expressed by a noun or personal pronoun in the nominative case (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they).

Example: The book was lying on the table. In this sentence the subject is - book. She was lying on the table. In this sentence the subject is - she.

The subject can be:

1. any part of speech used in the meaning of a noun: Smart won't go uphill smart will go around the mountain(adjective meaning noun). Asleep didn't notice that the train had left for the depot (participle as a noun) They walked towards him three (numeral).

2. infinitive form of the verb: Observe Birdwatching is our cat’s favorite pastime.

3. pronouns of other categories (relative-interrogative, attributive, demonstrative) in the nominative case: Who feed the cat? You can't help but love a cat which lives in our house.

Subject expressed by phrase

The subject can be expressed as integral in meaning phrase:

1. proper name: At first sight Maria Sergeevna he didn't like it, Black Sea Wonderful;

2. a stable combination of words: Ugly duckling was actually a swan. Railway goes along the shore of the Black Sea;

3. phraseological unit: Disservice in the form of a cheat sheet planted by a friend, prevented him from passing the exam the first time;

4. combination of a numeral with a noun in the genitive case:Sitting on the bench three old men ;

5. a combination of a noun that has a quantitative meaning (most, row, part, etc.) with a noun in the genitive case: Part of the class went on an excursion;

6. a combination of an adjective, numeral or pronoun in the nominative case and a noun in the genitive case with a preposition from: Each of us wanted to become an excellent student;

7. combination of an indefinite pronoun with an adjective: Each of us has something special;

8. a combination of a noun or pronoun in the form of the nominative case with a noun or pronoun in the form of the instrumental case with the preposition with: Tamara and I We go as a couple. (A. Barto)

In all these cases, the subject is the entire phrase, and not individual words in its composition.

Note

1. It is necessary to distinguish nouns in the accusative case (they answer the questions “who?”, “What?” and are dependent words, acting as complements in a sentence) from nouns in the nominative case (they answer the questions “who?”, “what?” and act as the subject).

Example: The wind shakes the ear. In this sentence, two words answer the question “what?”: wind and ear. But only the word wind is the subject, because it correlates with the predicate, therefore, it is in the nominative case. And the word ear is an addition. Everything is new interested in young people. The subject here is “everything new,” since its action is interesting. And the word youth is an addition.

2. There are sentences that have no subject. These are two-part incomplete or one-part sentences.

Example: It blew from somewhere. To me gave the opportunity fix the two.

Predicate

PREDICATE- this is the main member of the sentence, denoting an action or attribute of the subject and answering the questions “what does it do?” or “what uhIs that what it is?” When parsing a sentence, the predicate is emphasized by two features.

Example: The guys emphasized the predicate with two features

At school, three types of predicates are studied: simple verb, compound verb, compound nominal.

Simple verb predicate

A simple verbal predicate can be expressed:

1. With one verb in the form of the indicative, imperative or conditional mood: Masha doing homework. Masha doesn't do her homework (negative particle Not is always part of the predicate). Masha will do her homework. (will do is a compound form of the future tense of the verb do.) Do your homework! Let him do his homework (let him do - this is the imperative mood, formed with the help of the particle let and the 3rd singular form of the verb). Masha would do her homework if she felt good (would do - this is the form of the verb in the conditional mood).

2. A stable combination of verb character: The student came to the conclusion (= understood) that the predicate consists of several words. I I will take part(= will participate) in testing.

3. Phraseologism (in such cases, the predicate is the entire phraseological unit as a whole, and not individual words included in the phraseological unit) : Enough of the bullshit! (= to idle). Rivals often put a spoke in each other's wheels (= get in the way).

Compound verb predicate

A compound verb predicate can consist of:

1. An auxiliary verb denoting the beginning, continuation or end of an action, and an indefinite form of the verb: Wind continued to howl. I started studying literary theory.

2. An auxiliary verb denoting the desire, opportunity, ability or intention to perform an action, and the indefinite form of the verb:Mom wants to go to the sea.

3. Short form of the adjective (glad, must, obliged, ready, etc.) and indefinite form of the verb : Everyone should study well. Children able to rejoice life. I was glad to help you.

4. Stable combination and indefinite verb form A:I didn't feel like going for a walk down the street in such cold weather.

5. Predicative adverbs: it is possible, it is impossible, it is necessary, it is necessary, it is necessary and the indefinite form of the verb: I need to finish the job. You can't help but think about the future. Sometimes need to think not only about myself. It was necessary to tell about this right away.

Note

A compound verb predicate always contains an infinitive form of the verb. At the same time, the indefinite form of the verb is not always part of the predicate.

Pr imer:
- Vasya began to sing.
- Petya asked Vasya

sing more quietly.
In the first sentence, sing is part of a compound verbal predicate, and in the second it is an addition (asked for what?).
I want to rest. She sat down (for what purpose?) to rest

Compound nominal predicate

A compound nominal predicate can consist of:

1. Linking verbs and nouns, adjectives, participles, adverbs, pronouns, etc.: The sky was gloomy. Outside the window it was getting dark. Sun on the horizon seemed huge. Sea it was blue.

2. Noun, adjective, participle, adverb, pronoun, etc. and zero connective: He doctor (he is a doctor). Mom is an engineer (mother is an engineer). Walking in the fresh air is useful (is useful). Although the predicate in these examples consists of one word, it is still called a compound noun.

Complicated compound nominal predicate:

I I want to become a doctor.

In this case, the predicate consists of the union of two predicates: a compound nominal ( become a doctor) and compound verb ( I want to become). Sometimes such a predicate is called complex or mixed.

I should have become a doctor.

In this case, the predicate can be represented as a combination of three predicates: a compound nominal ( should have), compound verb ( should have been) and compound nominal ( become a doctor).

Note

If you are looking for the grammatical basis of a sentence, check

A) Is the predicate compound? If you are dealing with a compound predicate, then the predicate includes both an auxiliary verb and a main semantic verb or other part of speech.

b) whether the predicate is expressed by a stable combination or phraseological unit. In this case, all words in a stable combination or phraseological unit are included in the predicate.

Particles in the predicate

The predicate contains some particles. The most common of them is the particle Not.

I I don't like fatalities.
I never get tired of life.
I don't like any time of year
When I don't sing happy songs. (V. Vysotsky)

Modal particles ( yes, let, let, come on, come on, it was as if, as if, as if, as if, exactly, hardly, almost, just etc.) are also included in the predicate.

Let's talk compliment each other. (B. Okudzhava)

Let them talk!

He almost cried from resentment.

In addition, the predicate includes particles so, yes, know (to yourself), well, so and to yourself.

Well you I'm so late I'm so late, I've been waiting for half an hour already. (As a rule, the verb is repeated like this with a particle.)

There is noise and commotion in the house, but our cat is asleep.

Grammar basis

The subject and predicate together form the grammatical basis of a sentence.

The grammatical basis of a sentence - the main part of a sentence, consisting of its main members: subject and predicate or one of them.

Each of us wanted to become more educated. The grammatical basis in this sentence is each of us wanted to become more educated.

Sometimes a sentence may only have a subject or only a predicate. Then the sentence is one-part.

A sentence may have several homogeneous subjects or several homogeneous predicates. In this case, they are all included in the grammatical basis.

How boys, so girls passed the sports standards. (Boys and girls are homogeneous subjects). Trees in a large forest during a storm moan, are crackling, break down. (Moan, crack, break - homogeneous predicates).

Perhaps you have already been able to verify that even the lightest punctuation marks (at the end of a sentence) are not as easy to place as it immediately seems because it is necessary think about the meaning of sentences and text. And it’s even more difficult work on punctuation in the middle of a sentence. Here you need to think about what blocks the sentence consists of, where the boundaries of the blocks are, and then place punctuation marks in accordance with the rules. Don't be scared! We will deal with even the most complex cases, help you understand them and turn them into simple ones!

Let's start, perhaps, with main blocks - simple sentences, which may be part of a complex What does a simple sentence consist of? His heart is grammatical basis, usually consisting of subject And predicate. Around the grammatical stem are located minor members of the sentence, isolated and non-separated; included in the predicate group and the subject group.

The grammatical basis is the basis because the whole proposal rests on it. If you learn to find it quickly, it will be easy to place those necessary punctuation marks that will mark the boundary of simple sentences within a complex one. How should one reason?

Determine how many stems are in a sentence:

Is it difficult to find the grammatical basis of a sentence? Sometimes it's very simple: subject (who? or what?), predicate (what is he doing? what did he do?). But often there are more complicated cases.

Conclusion: one basis - a simple sentence; two or more basics – complex.

Try to determine the grammatical basis of the following sentences (see answers below).

1. Everything is clear to us, the masters.
2. Suddenly a “cuckoo” sound was heard from the little window of the bright room!
3. Your host is both sweet and hospitable.
4. Everyone tries to get in with their own proposal.
5. The village where we played in the summer was a lovely place.
6. Evening. Forest. Long journey.
7. Our city is decorated with a wonderful park.
8. He who strives for victory will definitely win.

If you completed this job without errors, congratulations! If you come across mistakes, don’t be upset: they exist for this purpose, to cope with it and overcome them!

What mistakes could lie in wait for you here? Someone might have lost the subject, somewhere there was no predicate, in some sentence an object was squeezed in instead of the subject, in some cases members of the sentence were even emphasized that had nothing to do with each other.

Is it really that scary? Of course not! But, if you find the grammatical basis incorrectly, you cannot see the blocks correctly, so it turns out that a simple sentence is mistakenly taken for a complex one, in complex ones the number of parts is incorrectly determined, which means that punctuation marks are arranged as they please.

How to find this insidious grammatical basis? You can first find the predicate, then the subject, or vice versa, just remember a few tips:

1) In order to find the subject, be sure to specify from the predicate double question: who? What? Then you You are unlikely to confuse subject and object.

Try this when determining the subject in the following sentences.

The captain saw the shore first.

The front of the dress was decorated with flowers.

If you asked a double question from the predicate, then you found the subjects captain And flowers.

2) In order to find the predicate, try asking questions: “What is happening? What does it say about the subject? What is this subject (subject)? What is he doing? (subject)"

Studentwas beautiful.

On the street freshly And windy.

For kids couldn't sit still on the spot.

Wonderful game– catching up!

3) From the reversal of the terms, the sum is changing. This means be careful about certain sentences when determining the grammatical basis.

Green city(one-part noun sentence).

The city is green(two-part sentence).

You have already seen that this happens when a sentence has only a subject or only a predicate (much more often). Such proposals are called one-piece. Be careful when working with such offers! It is in them often the complement is disguised as the subject in meaning. Then go back to our first clue, ask a double question– and everything will become clear.

Try to find the grammatical basis in these sentences.

To me cold But.

To him can't sleep.

To me I want to smilesnuggle.

Many people will say that these sentences have a subject and a predicate, that is, they are two-part. Then I can ask what is the subject? The answer may be - me, him. Then one more question: Where are the words I and HE in these sentences? There are none, there are other forms: me, him. And this is already not a subject, but an object. If you ask the question: Who? What?- everything will fall into place. The correct answer is: this one-part impersonal sentences. They do not and cannot have a subject, the predicate is in italics.

We hope that you will now have fewer problems determining the grammatical basis of a sentence!

Answers to the task.

1. EverythingIt's clear.
2. I heard"peek-a-boo"!
3. Masternice, hospitable.
4. Every tries to get in.
5. Villagewas adorable corner; Weplayed.
6. Evening. Forest. Further path.
7. Decoratespark. 8. Aspiringwill win.

Still have questions? Don't know how to find the grammatical basis?

Let's take a closer look at such a part of the grammatical basis as predicate. The easiest way, as it may seem, is to determine simple verb predicate. No wonder it’s called that - simple. This means that it is usually easier to find than all other types of predicate. Most often, as such a predicate we will find verb in the indicative mood.

Sun got up. Childrenwake up And are coming to school.Begins new beautiful day.

In these sentences it is really easy to define simple verbal predicates. However, there are points that need to be paid attention to when defining such a predicate. It can be cunning masquerade as a compound verb. Try to remember a few basic rules.

1. A verb can be predicated in any tense (present, past and future):

The day after tomorrow I will definitelyI'll read novel by L.N. Tolstoy's Anna Karenina.

My babywill study effortlessly.

You will certainlyyou will admire achievements of the students of this school.

Don’t be embarrassed that the sentences before you include predicates like b I will read, I will learn, I will admire. Yes, there's a predicate here consists of two verbs BUT it's just future tense form. Compare with the present and past tense forms: I read, read; studying, studied; admire, admired.

Today I I'm reading

My babystudies effortlessly.

You admire achievements of the students of this school.

Yesterday I read novel by L. N. Tolstoy “Anna Karenina”.

My baby studied effortlessly.

You admired achievements of the students of this school.

2. A verb can be predicated in any mood (indicative, imperative and conditional).

Don't be confused by the particles that help form shapes conditional and imperative(would, let, let, come on, let's, yeah). They do not turn a simple verbal predicate into a compound predicate, but they make it difficult for us to determine the type of predicate.

You told tell her the whole truth(indicative mood).

You I would tell tell her the whole truth(conditional mood).

You Tell tell her the whole truth(imperative). Let she will be happy.

3. The infinitive (the initial form of the verb) can also act as a simple verbal predicate.

I ride from the ice slide - and he followed me.

We work , and they rest.

4. A phraseological unit is not divided into parts, but is one member of a sentence.

Nikita like the wind blew away from the veranda.

Humanity is gradually goes crazy.

Now let's move on to consider compound verb predicate. It includes:

* main component– verb in initial form,

* auxiliary component- more often verb, but maybe short adjective or participle, adverb or adverbial phrase, noun, phraseological unit.

Compound predicates show a particular tendency to masquerade as other members of the sentence during parsing, to be incompletely detected, or to be completely lost. But we will figure this out too! Look at some clues.

1. The auxiliary verb in a compound verbal predicate has a specific meaning: beginning, continuation, end of action; opportunity, desire, evaluation of action. These could be words started, stopped, could, wanted, could, loved, was afraid, was wary, feared etc.

I Want Fine pass exams.

Henot afraid to experiment.

We beware of buying low quality products.

2. In this case, the main component will be expressed by the initial form of the verb ( infinitive), and not another part of speech.

Compare.

Shebecame an actress (compound nominal predicate).

She started dancing (compound verb predicate).

3. The auxiliary component can be a short adjective or participle, adverb or adverbial phrase, noun, phraseological unit, stable combination. The value of the auxiliary component is opportunity, desire, evaluation of action.

We always happy to help to our students(short adjective as a connective).

I forced to reschedule classes the next day(short participle as a connective).

Helover of pranks teacher(noun as a connective).

Hunter was eager to track down handsome deer by all means(phraseologism as a connective).

4. Both actions must be performed one object (subject). Think about who is performing the actions, then you will not confuse simple and compound verbal predicates.

I asked grandma to read me a book.(The predicate is a simple verb, because I asked, and grandma will read).

Let's hope these tips help you when parsing a sentence and determining the types of predicate.

Good luck in learning Russian!

Still have questions? Don't know the types of predicates?To get help from a tutor, register.

Subject And predicate are in the closest almost “family” relationship - grammatical And semantic. The predicate is called that way because it tells, "says" about the subject. These members of the sentence carry the main meaning of any sentence.

Are there problems in the “relationship” between subject and predicate? Of course they do. First of all, this concerns compound nominal predicate. This predicate type, as you remember, consists of linking verb(auxiliary component) and noun part. Most often we find the verb in the role of a linking verb be. Usually it is present in a compound nominal predicate in past tense: was, was, was, were . For example: A distinctive feature of the professor was his love for his subject.

Present tense The linking verb is almost always omitted and the subject remains with the nominal part of the predicate. For example: Time is the best medicine.

Sometimes we can still find the verb be in the present tense. As a rule, this is a feature of scientific, bookish speech. For example: Predicatethere is one of the main members two-part sentence.

In ordinary, colloquial speech, linking verb be falls. It probably wouldn’t occur to anyone to say something like “I am a high school student.” But the linking verb does not like to disappear without a trace; it often leaves its deputy In the role of such a deputy we can see dash. A dash is placed between the subject and the predicate if there is no linking verb, but sometimes before the predicate there are other words that can be “friendly” or “not friendly” with a dash. Remember a few tips.

Light winter rain Here existence disaster of our time.

To love -means to understand And forgive.

The Russian language is rich and powerful. You can’t know all the rules, but you need to strive for it. Today we will do just that.

What words are the grammatical basis?

Each sentence contains a grammatical basis. The components of the grammatical basis of a sentence are the subject and the predicate. The secondary members of the sentence indirectly or directly separate these words. The grammatical meanings of the construction are determined by the meaning of the mood and tense of the predicate expressed by the verb. For example:

"The ball goes straight into the goal." The action of the subject is happening, and is happening now.
"The ball was flying straight into the goal." The action of the subject occurred and occurred in the past tense.
"The ball would have gone into the goal." The action of the object does not occur, but is expressed in a wish.

Grammar basis: examples

The subject and predicate in a sentence can be expressed in different ways, sometimes taking unusual forms. Therefore, it is necessary to examine in more detail the concept and examples of the parts of the sentence that make up the grammatical basis.

The subject is the main member of the sentence and denotes the object that performs some action. The subject answers the questions "who?" and “what?”, characteristic of the nominative case. The following examples will help you correctly determine the subject of a sentence:

The subject is a noun in the nominative case. "The dog has its tail between its legs."
The subject is a pronoun in the nominative case. “I saw”, “Who brought the apples?” "This is funny." "This is their child." “The wallet that was found belonged to Marina” (subject in a subordinate clause). “The leaf that fell on the alley seemed fiery red” (subject in a subordinate clause). "Someone will see." "Everyone got quiet."
The subject is the infinitive form of the verb. "Being brave is already a victory." "Listening means hearing." "To break is not to build."
The subject is a combination of several words (one in the nominative case). “My brother and I rarely quarreled.”
The subject is a combination of several words (without the nominative case). "Two birds sat on the windowsill"

The predicate is the main member of the sentence, associated with the subject and having the expressed question “what does it do?” meaning. Also, questions characterizing the predicate include “what is he like?”, “what is he like,” “who is he?” For example, “Drank about a liter of water”

Speaking about what a grammatical basis is, it is impossible not to cover the concepts of a simple and compound predicate. The first expresses the verb in the form of any mood. A compound is expressed by several words, one of which connects it with the subject, while the others carry a semantic load. For example: “His mother was a nurse” - the verb “was” connects the predicate with the subject, and “nurse” carries the semantic load of the predicate. Those. in this sentence the predicate is “was a nurse.”

A compound predicate can be a compound verb and a compound nominal. A simple verbal predicate can be expressed using a verb in one of the following forms:

Present and past tense verb forms. "He runs fast." "My sister didn't hear the call."
Future tense verb form. "They will ask me tomorrow."
The form of the verb is conditional or imperative. “I wouldn’t go into that yard.” "Let him eat what he wants."

To summarize, we can say that the grammatical basis expresses the grammatical meaning of the structure and the number of grammatical stems in a sentence is, as a rule, not limited.

The main members of the proposal. Subject and predicate

The main members constitute the grammatical basis of the sentence, without which the sentence cannot exist. However, the grammatical basis can be made up of one main member of the sentence. Such sentences are called one-part sentences (that is, they contain only one main member - the subject or predicate).
In addition, sentences are divided into simple and complex. Simple ones have only one grammatical basis. Complex sentences consist of several simple ones, connected by conjunctions, allied words and (or) meaning, and therefore have more than one grammatical basis.

Subject – the main member of the sentence, denoting the subject and answering the questions WHO? WHAT?, an action, state or sign of which is usually revealed by the predicate.

The subject can be expressed by any part of speech.
1. Noun in the nominative case: Income from shares increased by five percent.
2. Pronoun in the nominative case: We came to the conference.
3. Substantivized adjective: Sick called the doctor.
4. Numeral: Seven one is not expected.
5. Infinitive of the verb: Study will always come in handy.

The subject can be expressed both by a phrase and a phraseological phrase: Pacific Ocean spread out before us; His long tongue always ruins things.
The phrase can have different meanings:

quantitative: Thirty-four employees wrote a leave application; Both girlfriends laughed; Several people stopped; Crowd of people gathered in the square;

selective: None of us did not agree to go;

collective: Director with secretary attended the meeting;

temporary: stood mid July.

Predicate - this is the main member of the sentence, which is associated with the subject and grammatically depends on it, denotes an action, state, sign inherent in the subject, answers the questions: WHAT DOES?, WHAT WILL IT DO?, WHAT? etc.

The predicate is divided into simple and compound.
Simple predicate expressed by a verb in any form: There were folders on the table in the corner; Would you come and talk to me; I will address these issues tomorrow.

Compound predicate in turn, it is divided into two more subtypes: compound verbal and compound nominal.

Compound verb predicate consists of two parts: an auxiliary verb in conjugated form, which expresses the grammatical meaning of the predicate and connects it with the subject, and an indefinite form of the verb, which expresses the main lexical meaning of the predicate.
The auxiliary ones are:

verbs denoting the beginning, end and continuation of an action: I have already started to perform new task; Our department stops striking;

modal verbs that denote desire, reluctance, possibility or impossibility of action: I I can do it your order; I want to learn your insight; I refuse to be errand boy!

verbs expressing emotional state: All were afraid to object to the boss; He loves to work;

phraseological combinations: Our company has the honor to cooperate with such a famous concern.

Compound nominal predicate from a linking verb that expresses the grammatical meaning of the predicate, and a nominal part that expresses the basic lexical meaning of the predicate. Moreover, the link may be missed.
The links are:

verbs TO BE, IS: I I was very pleased;

verbs that do not express independent meaning: Alyosha seemed pale;

verbs expressing the meaning of movement, state, activity: We are back home tired.

The nominal part can be:

nouns in the nominative or instrumental case: Hard work There is The main thing condition success;

adjectives: Clouds became more transparent;

numerals: Us there were four;

pronoun: Andrey Nikolaevich was Here his;

participle: This meeting was unexpected ;

an indecomposable phrase: Predicate is the main member of the sentence.

Secondary members of the sentence

Definition – a minor member of a sentence that answers the questions: WHAT?, WHOSE?, WHICH?, denotes a feature of an object.
The definition can be expressed:
1) an adjective, participle, pronoun and ordinal number, a phrase with the leading adjective or participle, then it is called agreed, because in this case it agrees with the noun in gender and case. Examples:

They fell silent voiced bird voices;

We noticed a broken headlight approaching cars;

Under fourth the number was our company;

Your own the burden does not bear.

2) a noun, a comparative degree of an adjective, some possessive pronouns, an infinitive, a phrase, then it is called an inconsistent definition, because it is associated with the word being defined only by meaning. Examples:

At the monument (which one? to whom?) Pushkin lovers still meet; On his desk was a magazine (which one?) with photos; Water (what kind?) from the spring was cold;

Children (which ones?) older sent to the river for water;

Eyes (whose?) his (her, their) were sad;

The leader gave a sign (what?) shut up.

Addition - this is a minor member of a sentence that answers questions about the indirect cases of a noun, denotes the subject, object and instrument of action.
The addition can be expressed by any part of speech: Get (what?) book(n.) from the shelf; We were asked (about what?) don't make noise(inf. ch.); Invited (who?) her(local) for dinner etc.
The addition can be direct or indirect.
The direct object is always used without a preposition and is expressed by the accusative and genitive case forms of the verb: The merchant accepted (what?) solution; Today you(who?) won't be there?
Indirect is used in the form of any indirect case with or without a preposition.

Circumstance - this is a minor member of the sentence that answers the questions: HOW?, WHEN?, WHERE?, WHERE?, WHY?, WHY?, TO WHAT DEGREE?, denotes the time, place, reason and method of action of the subject, i.e. circumstances , in which the action is performed.
The circumstance can be expressed by a noun, adverb, participle, infinitive, etc.: Will I read it (when?) after lunch; The boss said (how?) very quickly; Hunched over, (how?) a tired clerk was sitting at the table.

In addition, there are parts of the sentence that are not members of the sentence. These are appeals, introductory words and constructions. They are separated by commas, but do not affect the connection of sentences in the text.

Determine how many stems are in a sentence:

Conclusion: one basis - a simple sentence; two or more basics – complex.

Try to determine the grammatical basis of the following sentences (see answers below).

1. Everything is clear to us, the masters.
2. Suddenly a “cuckoo” sound was heard from the light window!
3. Your host is both sweet and hospitable.
4. Everyone tries to get in with their own proposal.
5. The village where we played in the summer was a lovely place.
6. Evening. Forest. Long journey.
7. Our city is decorated with a wonderful park.
8. He who strives for victory will definitely win.

If you completed this job without errors, congratulations! If you come across mistakes, don’t be upset: they exist for this purpose, to cope with it and overcome them!

How to find this insidious grammatical basis? You can first find the predicate, then the subject, or vice versa, just remember a few tips:

1) In order to find the subject, be sure to specify from the predicate double question: who? What? Then you You are unlikely to confuse subject and object.

Try this when determining the subject in the following sentences.

The captain saw the shore first.

The front of the dress was decorated with flowers.

If you asked a double question from the predicate, then you found the subjects captain And flowers.

2) In order to find the predicate, try asking questions: “What is happening? What does it say about the subject? What is this subject (subject)? What is he doing? (subject)"

Consider examples. Subject highlighted bold, predicate – italics.

Studentwas beautiful.

On the street freshly And windy.

For kids couldn't sit still on the spot.

Wonderful game– catching up!

3) From the reversal of the terms, the sum is changing. This means be careful about certain sentences when determining the grammatical basis.

Green city(one-part noun sentence).

The city is green(two-part sentence).

Try to find the grammatical basis in these sentences.

To me cold But.