UNIT V : WHAT WILL YOU BE?

LESSON : WHERE TO GO AFTER SCHOOL?

« Countable and Uncountable nouns » .

GOALS LESSON :

1.Formation of lexical speaking skills. "Plans for the future."

2.Introduction of NLE on the topic “Education in Britain”.

3.Train students in vocabulary on this topic.

4. Consolidation of grammatical skills. Countable and uncountable beings.

TYPE OF LESSON : PAIRS GROUP INDIVIDUAL .

EQUIPMENT : Task on cards.

PROGRESS OF THE LESSON.

I. Organizational moment .

:Good morning, dear students!

I'm glad to see you. Let's begin our lesson. Sit down, please!

Please answer my questions (answers students):

II . Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.

Today we are going to speak about schools in Britain.

At the beginning of our lesson I am going to check your homework.

III .Checking homework.

Learn grammar. Vocabulary.

IV . Grammar.

Countable and uncountable nouns in English.

Nouns in English denote substances, concepts, names of objects, people, animals and plants. They are countable and uncountable.

Uncountable nouns ( Uncountable nouns ).

A noun is uncountable ifimpossible consider it as one of several separate objects, but only as a single idea or substance, for example "music " (music), "butter " (oil), "water "(water)"advice " (advice). These nouns are sometimes called "mass" nouns. That is, from all that has been said, uncountable nouns cannot be counted.

Countable nouns ( Countable nouns )

A noun is countable ifCan consider it as one of several separate items, that is, countable nouns can actually be counted:shirt(s) , book(s) etc. You can find out a little more about what countable and uncountable nouns are in the video below.

Grammatical differences countable and uncountable nouns.

1 .You can usecountable noun in And number, for example, "egg /eggs ", " horse /horses ", " university /universities ", " book /books", " ticket /tickets ", " car /cars ".

Important.In English, uncountable nouns are often singular, but from the point of view of the Russian language they are plural. It is important to remember that in English, uncountable nouns have only a singular number.

Don't try to useuncountable plural nouns. Don't say "butter"s ", "musics ", "advices ", "informations ", "furnitures ". It is a very common mistake to use a plural uncountable noun:

You should listen to his advice (correct)
(You should listen to his advice)

You should listen to his advices ( wrong)

2 . You you can use countable noun With uncertain articles " a " or " an ", For example " a car", "a university", "a horse", "a ticket", "an egg", "a book".

Don't use articles "a " or "an " Withuncountable nouns. That There is, Not right speak"an water", "a butter", "a music", "an advice", "an information", "a furniture"...This is a common mistake, don't make it..

I like listening to misic (that's right)
(I like listening to music)

I like listening to a music (wrong)

3 .You can useuncountable a noun with words meaning quantity, such as "some " And "any ": "some butter", "any music".

If you want to use these words withcountable nouns, then you need to put these nouns in the plural and say "some tickets ", "any eggs " and so on. For example:

She bought some books (right)
(She bought several books)

She bought some book (wrong)

4 .You can use , " much "(a lot)"how much "(how much, how much)"(a)little " (A little), "a lot of "(many) and others withuncountable nouns.

WITHcountable nouns you must use "how many ", " many ", " (a)few "or universal"a lot of ". A few examples:

Countable:

How many records do you have?
( How many do you have any notes?)

He doesn't havemany friends
He doesn't havemany friends

There are a few rooms still available
Some rooms (rooms) are still available

Uncountable:

I don't havemuchmoney
(I don't havemany money)

How much time do you have?
( How many do you have time?)

There isa littlebutter in the fridge
(IN There isA little oils)

5 .You can useuncountable a noun on its own without words such as "the", "some" or "any":

She doesn't eat meat
( She Not eats meat )

If you need advice, don't be afraid to ask
(If you need advice , don't be afraid to ask)

You cannot use this way countable noun singular :

I like reading books ( right)
( I I love read books)

I like reading book (wrong)

Computers are always causing problems (Right)
(Computers always cause problems)

Computers are always causing problem (wrong)

V .Reinforcement.

Classify the following nouns into two groups.

paper – bottle – porridge – happiness - pencil - coffee – girl – work – job – plate – dog – meat - news – apricot – toothpaste – time - bedroom – money - magazine – information – honey - metal – child – yoghurt – rice – spaghetti – water – air – spoon – mustard - egg – chair – shampoo – raincoat – flower – flour – bread – soap – toy – food – knowledge – garden – oil – furniture –friend

Countable: bottle, pencil, girl, job, plate, dog, apricot, bedroom, magazine, child, spoon, egg, chair, raincoat, flower, toy, garden, friend

Uncountable: paper, porridge, happiness, coffee, work, meat, news, toothpaste, time, money, information, honey, metal, yoghurt, rice, spaghetti, water, air, mustard, shampoo, flour, bread, soap, food, knowledge , oil, furniture

Rewrite countable and uncountable nouns in 2 columns.

Time, water, machine, music, snow, word, coffee, money, idea, family, knowledge, sea, hour, tree, silver, meat, happiness, information, speed, book, news, house, friend, milk, student, pen, paper, clothes, picture, air.

happinesshappiness househouse

unaccounted for counted

snowsnowfamilyfamily

waterwaterwordword

silversilverbookbook

airair

clothescloth

milkmilkpenpen

knowledgeknowledgetreetree

musicmusicideaidea

coffeecoffeeseasea

timetimemachinecar

informationinformationfriendFriend

paperpaperpicturepainting

moneymoneyhourhour

speedspeedstudentstudent

meatmeatnewsnews

Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect.

He _____ (finish) training.

She _____ (score) twenty points in the match.

We _____ (watch) all the Champions League matches this season.

That"s amazing! She _____ (run) fifteen kilometers this morning!

She _____ (buy) some really nice rollerblades!

Oh no! I _____ (lose) my money!

My mum _____ (write) shopping list. It's on the kitchen table.

Dad, you _____ (eat) my biscuit!

I'm tired. I _____ (watch) three X-Files videos.

Hurry up! They _____ (start) the film!

Mary _____ (study) hard this year, so she"ll pass her exams.

Oh no! She _____ (drop) the plate!

The garden is very green. It _____ (rain) a lot this month.

These are my favorite trousers. I _____ (have) them for five years.

Tom's my best friend. I _____ (know) him for three years.

They _____ (live) in Miami for two years.

Jo has earache. He _____ (have) it since 7 o"clock.

Brad _____ (live) in Chicago since 1998.

1 has finished, 2 has scored, 3 have watched, 4 has run, 5 has bought, 6 have lost, 7 has written, 8 have eaten, 9 have watched, 10 have started, 11 has studied, 12 has dropped, 13 has rained, 14 have had, 15 have known, 16 have lived, 17 has

VI .Translation practice.

The school I would like to have a swimming pool.
I"d have one for the first and second years and also for the third and fourth years. The playgrounds would be separate, one for the young children and the other for the senior forms. A wall would be separating them and there would be a door from one playground to the other.
The classrooms would have carpets instead of lino. The desks would be painted and the chairs would have cushions. The chairs would also be painted.
There would be a computer for every table in the classroom. There would be at least 12 videos for each classroom. The hall would be very big, about 40 meters long and 30 meters wide.
The lessons would be interesting. There would be lots of French and German and English.
There would be four floors at the school. There would be a lift to take us up. The staffroom would be much bigger than the one we have now.
It would be light and cozy. There would also be a big library. There would be a lot of instruments: flutes, guitars, drums, etc.
The school meals would have different food every day. There would be lots of visits to concerts and parks.The tests would be easier for children.

Home test No. 1 (1 course)

1. Make sentences from these sets of words:

1.a,Mr. Brown, businessman, is.

2. often, goes, he, on, abroad, business.

3. old, that, lives, who, in, brick, in house?

4. time, he, on, always, come, his, to, does, classes?

5. Saturday, I, party, didn’t, on, the, evening, see, at, you.

6. never, late, he, for, is, work, his.

7. don’t, pocket, elder, to, I, money, son, any, send, my.

8. money, box, any, is, the, there, in?

2. Make up questions for each sentence:

1. I’m flying to Paris today ( General question and special questions with Who? Where? When?).

2. They ordered their dinner (General question and special questions with Who? What?).

3. He visits Britain once a year (General question and special questions with Who? What? When?).

4. We met Mr. Snow at the airport (General question and special questions with Who? (question to subject and object), Where?).

5. He’s going to Australia (General question and special questions with Who? Where?).

6. Our office is in Moscow (General question and special questions with What? Where?).

3. Rewrite the sentences, inserting indefinite or definite articles where necessary:

1.Mr. Dubois is...Frenchman. He is... businessman. He lives in ... France. He works in...Paris. He often goes on ... business to ... England. He is flying to... London tomorrow. ... plane leaves at 11. 2. There is ... new pizzeria near my house. 3. It is difficult to understand...Portuguese. 4. Did you enjoy … party you went to on … Saturday? 5. Last Sunday we found … small puppy in … park and brought it … home. 6. Close... door! 7. They are...experienced engineers. 8. We usually have … breakfast in … kitchen.

4. Insert the verb to be in in the required form:

1. My friend... at home now. 2. ... the pencils in the box? Yes, they... . 3. This book... very interesting. 4. His office ... in New York. 5. I...a teacher of English. 6. There... three desks in the office. 7. We ... at the English lesson now. 8. Where... the tickets? They... on the desk. 3. She ... an engineer. 4. There... a chair in the corner. 5. I... not a businessman. 6. ... are you busy? 7....the windows open?

5. Form the plural of nouns:

nationality, visitor, businessman, introduction, office, book, day, life, photo, size, city, information, child, tooth, deer, piece, bag, tie, stewardess, child, problem, country, check, businesswoman, solution, page, knife, goose, category, datum, sheep, toy.

Rewrite the nouns in two columns: countable and uncountable.

Luggage, firm, coffee, water, trip, news, book, university, health, office, chair, knowledge, letter, rain, information, place, holiday, apple, chalk, sugar, children, money, table, snow, shirt, conference, colleague, tea, weather, sea, advice, mirror, wind, tree, soup, lemonade, shoe, army, world, question, mistake.

7. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. There are seven days in a week. 2. In this situation there are two alternatives. 3. There is no signature in your check. 4. Is there any bar at the airport? 5. Are there any matches in the box? 6. There aren’t any visitors in the office. 7. There are nine planets in our solar system. 8. There are several approaches to this problem. 9. There aren’t any mistakes in your essay. 10. How many students are the re in the group?

8. Fill in the blanks:

A. personal pronouns:

1. Helen is a first year student. ...works hard. 2. –What are you? - ...am a student. 3. My father is an economist. ... teaches economics at the University. 4. Where are the tickets? - ... are in the top drawer.5. This book is not suitable for children. ...is too difficult.

b. possessive pronouns:

1. This isn't John's car. ... car is white. 2. Girls, put ... books on the tables. 3. My parents are at home. ...car isn't here. 4. Sometimes we send ... children to school at the age of six. 5. She always keeps... promises. 6. I have ... own way of doing things. 7. She took off ... coat and began to work. 8. I don’t know this word. Can you explain...meaning to me? 9. They introduce new methods of research. ... methods are very efficient. 10. Listen, it’s not ... problem, it’s mine.

V. object pronouns:

1. Here is my passport. Look at... . 2. Keep the documents and give ... to the officials at the airport. 3. They are speaking too fast, it’s difficult to understand ... . 4. Go on, I’m listening to ... . 5. Give... your ticket, please. 6. Here’s the check, sign..., please. 7. Listen to ... . They are speaking German. 8.The driver takes our luggage and puts ... on the ground. 9. You’ve got some diagrams in front of ... . Look at... .

9. Translate the sentences into Russian, paying attention to the adverbs little/a little, few/a few:

1. He had few friends in this town. 2. She was never lonely for she had a few friends. 3. He had little money, however he decided to buy that expensive book. 4. I have a good knowledge of English and besides I know German a little. 5. There is little food in the refrigerator. 6. I can "t decide now - I need a little time to think. 7. There are few mistakes in his translation. 8. I have very little time for reading. 9. He knows a little of everything. 10. He" s very lazy. He does little work.

10. Open the brackets using verbs in The Present Simple tense:

1. I generally (get up) at 8 o’clock.

2. Our lecturer (speak) very good English.

3. Mike always (do) his homework in the evening?

4. I (not to sleep) in the daytime.

5. He (be) always in a hurry.

6. In Britain today, all children (start) their education at the age of five.

7. Some readers (avoid) books on the best-seller list.

8. My father (not to work) on Sundays.

9. The Prime Minister always (live) in 10 Downing Street.

10. We (have) our lunch at noon.

11.Mr. Smith (arrive) home late.

12. What time are your classes (begin)?

13. We (not to test) new machines at the factory.

14. You (answer) a lot of letter?

11. Rewrite the sentences using the Past Simple tense:

1. He speaks English rather slowly.

2. I read newspapers in the morning.

3. The ballet company gives its first performance today.

4. My friends come to see me every weekend.

5. He studies at Moscow University.

6. She doesn’t drink coffee in the evening.

7. Where does your cousin work?

8. The department gives a party every year.

9. Who knows the answer?

10. It takes him 3 minutes to look through the text.

11 He finishes work very late?

12. We don't translate texts at our English lessons.

12. Translate the following text:

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Hi all!

Nouns in English have a number of their own patterns and features. Today we will look at how uncountable and countable nouns are used and formed in English, we will learn to classify and distinguish them. In order to speak and write correctly and competently, you need to have a good understanding of these categories. Uncountable nouns in English

You already know that all nouns in the English language are divided into proper (surnames, first names, singular concepts, localities) and common nouns (categories of concepts, objects and persons). It is common nouns, in turn, that are divided into the categories of countability and incountability.

The category of countable nouns includes objects, objects and concepts that can be counted - four cats, seven lights. These words can be used in both singular and plural: a dog - two dogs. Can be used with indefinite and definite articles. Calc. may be:

• Subject: a table - many tables, an engineer - engineers, a pupil - six pupils
• Collective: a family - families, a team - ten teams, an army - armies

The group of uncountable nouns includes the names of abstract positions, substances and materials that cannot be counted. These words are always used only in the singular: air, the countryside. Not used with indefinite articles “a/an”. When separating them from a group of substances or concepts, they are preceded by the definite article “the”.

Uncountable nouns When uncountable. the word in a sentence is used as the subject, then it is used together with the predicate in the singular. and can be replaced by the pronoun (it) in the same number. To convey the multiplicity of phenomena, they are combined with indefinite pronouns: little, much, some, any.

Uncountable noun may be:

• Material (loose, liquid and gaseous substances; food products; materials): bread, tea, wool, air, oil, water
• Abstract (natural phenomena, feelings, states, actions): news, time, life, cold, bravery

Some words in English are uncountable, although in other languages ​​and dialects (for example, in Slavic) they are considered countable: Damage, News, Advice, housework, Permission, jewellery.

How do uncountables become countable?

In English, it often happens that one word can be included in both categories at once. Which group a noun belongs to depends on the context: very long hair(uncountable) - a hair(hair) in my tea(calc.); so much light(light) - there are two lights(lamp); is made of paper(paper) - all the necessary papers(document).

How do uncountables become countable? A large number of uncountable words change category and corresponding articles in the following cases:

• Portions, types and varieties: much fruit - wonderful fruits
• Designation of objects made of a certain material, the whole and its elements: paper (paper) - a paper (newspaper)
• Uncountable + ending -s (-es): tin (tin) - tins (canned food)
• Abstract phenomena denoting concrete objects: fire (fire) - a fire (bonfire)

The examples given demonstrate this transition quite clearly. Everything is the same as in Russian, so if you have a good command of your native language, then you will not have problems understanding the transitivity of English nouns.

Plurals and singular uncountables

I immediately ask you not to confuse the plural and singular numbers, since you already know that the words of this group can only be used in one number: either pluralia tantum (gentry), or sigularia tantum (shopping).

Countable and uncountable nouns Singular uncountable nouns defined using pronouns "this/that" and denote:

• Substances, food gases, materials, liquids: coffee, plastic, crystal, cheese, spaghetti, rubber
• Activity: snooker, football, gardening, badminton, swimming
• Languages: Russian, English, Greek, German
• Concepts: education, hunger, permission, strength, the Renaissance
• Items: luggage, traffic, London, the Mississippi, baggage, equipment

As for plural uncountables, their main feature is the ending “-(e)s” and indefinite. pronoun “little, some, much, any.” These are collective phenomena and objects that appear at the level:

• Theories: tactics, politics, maths, physics
• Games: billiards, dominoes, darts
• Group: police, clergy, cattle, the British Isles, gentry, the Andes.

So, we studied a new section of grammatical rules of the English language, learned to distinguish between countable and uncountable words and cases of their use. Once you understand and practice well, you will realize that it is not so difficult to remember a few of these simple rules.

And if you misuse this or that concept, using them incorrectly according to classification, then native speakers will still understand you. But if you want to achieve maximum mastery of the English language and communicate with English speakers at their level, then I advise you to study this topic in detail.

Countable nouns are easy to recognize. They represent objects that we can count. For example: "pen". We can count the pens. There may be one, two, three or more handles Here are some examples of countable nouns:

dog dog, cat cat, animal animal, man man, person Human

bottle bottle, box box, liter liter

coin coin, dollar dollar

cup cup, plate plate, fork fork

table table, chair chair, suitcase suitcase, bag bag

Uncountable nouns denote substances, concepts, etc., that is, something that cannot be divided into separate elements. We cannot "count" them. For example, we cannot count “milk”. We can count "bottles of milk" or "liters of milk", but we cannot directly count "milk". Here are some examples of uncountable nouns:

music music, art art, love Love, happiness happiness

advice advice, information information, news news

furniture furniture, luggage baggage

rice rice, sugar sugar, butter oil, water water, air air

electricity electricity, gas gas

money money, currency currency

Uncountable nouns are usually used in the singular, so a singular verb is used. For example:

Thisnews is very important. This news is very important.

Your luggage looks heavy. Your luggage looks heavy.

The indefinite article a/an is not usually used with uncountable nouns. You can't say "an information" or "a music". But we can say:

a piece of news news

a bottle of water bottle of water

a grain of rice grain of rice

Drinks (coffee, water, tea) are usually uncountable nouns. But we can say (in a restaurant, for example): Two teas and one coffee, please. Two teas and one coffee, please.

Task 2.6Rewrite countable and uncountable nouns in 2 columns and translate them.

clothes, picture, air, time, water, machine, music, snow, word, coffee, money, idea, family, knowledge, sea, hour, tree, silver, meat, happiness, information, speed, book, news, house, friend, milk, student, pen, paper

Task 2.7Write the following nouns in the plural.

woman, money, information, box, sheep, place, library, photo, mouse, lady, glasses, bush, dress, country, bus, party, wife, day, knife, knowledge, month, pen, hero, goose, company, life, deer, tomato, city, man, play, news, child, fruit, shelf, leaf, foot, fish

Task 2.8Choose the correct option, paying attention to countable and uncountable nouns.

1. He's got much information/informations about our travel.

2. He’s going to buy some new trouser/trousers.

3. They are not going to buy new furniture/furnitures.

4.His hair/hairs is fair.

5. I'm going to buy new sunglass/sunglasses.

6. They gave us some advice/advice.

Task 2.9Rewrite the sentences in the plural:

Sample: There is a man on a bicycle. - There are men on bicycles.

1. His report is not ready yet.

2. Is there a mouse under the bed?

3. A high mountain is very cold at the top.

4. There is a large window in the classroom.

5. There is only one holiday this month.

6. This flower is beautiful.

7. My foot is tired.

8. There is a party this weekend.

9. That is a large box.

10. This is an expensive watch.

Countable nouns (“countable”) are words that denote the names of concrete objects and abstract concepts that can be counted. And since they can be counted, they are used both in the singular and in the plural. Here examples of countable nouns: table, picture, hour, holiday, offer, boy, decision, way-out, etc.

Using words like this singular, you can put the indefinite article a / an in front of them: a table, a picture, an hour, an offer, a boy, a decision, a way-out. Moreover, a countable singular noun must always be accompanied by some kind of determiner. If there is no indefinite article, you need either a definite article (the), or a possessive pronoun (my, his, our, etc.), or a demonstrative pronoun (that, this). Let me remind you that a determiner is a linguistic indicator with a noun that expresses the meaning of certainty. For example:
I saw a boy.
This picture is a masterpiece.
I approve of the decision you've made.
I broke my leg.

With countable nouns plural we can use indefinite pronouns some (any, many, few, many):
Some friends of mine will come to this party. - Several of my friends will come to the party. (Some of my friends will come to the party).

In contrast to the previous ones, uncountable nouns(“non-countable”) are names of substances, abstract concepts that cannot be counted. And, therefore, they are used only in the singular.

Examples: knowledge, silver, music, milk, water, happiness, furniture, advice, etc. These nouns cannot be used with the indefinite articles a / an, but they can be combined with the other determiners mentioned above (definite article, possessive, demonstrative pronoun).

They are also used with some indefinite pronouns: some, any, much, little. For example:
These ear-rings are made of silver.
I have some news for you.
I don’t like the music you are listening to now.
Her beauty attracts me.

However, there are cases in which it is permissible to use an uncountable noun with the indefinite article a/an, as well as with numerals (one/two, etc.). This can be done when ordering food in a restaurant or cafe:
We'll have four coffees, please. - We need four coffees.

Uncountable nouns include
- various edible products (meat, flour, milk, salt, etc.),
- liquids (petrol, coffee, etc.),
- substances and materials (gold, wood, glass, etc.),
- abstract concepts (help, education, etc.)
- and many other words (advice, weather, hair, etc.).

What if we need to use such a word in speech? How transfer any quantity? Certain words serve this purpose: a piece of advice, a bowl of fruit, a carton of milk, a bar of chocolate, a glass of wine ), a can of Coke, a tube of paint, a kilo of meat, a cup of tea, a loaf of bread, a rasher of bacon (thin slice of bacon).

If we are talking about material nouns, then we remember that there are nouns that denote not the substance itself, but the object consisting of this substance. Such a noun will already be countable. For example:
Their house is built of local stone. – Their house is built from local stone. (uncountable noun)
I have a stone in my shoe. - I have a pebble in my shoe. (countable noun)

In yet another case, material nouns can become countable: when they convey different varieties or types of a substance.
There is a live coal in the fire-place. - There is a burning coal in the fireplace.
You can read about four tips in choosing and using various body oils. – You can read four tips on how to choose and use different body oils.

What is the difficulty in understanding the principle of “countability-non-countability”? But the fact is that some nouns in English are uncountable, but in Russian or other languages, on the contrary, they are countable. Among them are the following words: baggage, bread, information, furniture, traffic, work, progress, accommodation, cash, clothing, cutlery, equipment, health, luck, money, photography, research, safety, sunshine, underwear, violence, etc.

Ports are open to internal passenger traffic. – The ports are open for international passenger traffic.
A change of underwear must be done at least once a day. – You need to change your underwear at least once a day.
The hotel checked our baggage. – The hotel accepted our luggage for storage.

And there are nouns that can be used both as countable and uncountable. But in this case we will observe a difference in meaning. For example:
I'm three apples. - I ate three apples. (countable)
Is there apple in this salad? – Is there an apple in this salad? (uncountable)
Would you like a glass of lemonade? - How about a glass of lemonade? (countable)
This sculpture was made of glass. – This sculpture is made of glass. (uncountable)
I'm pressed for time. – I don’t have any time.
How many times did you read this article? – How many times have you read this article?