Guest: Natalya Malinovskaya- philologist, art critic, translator, daughter of Marshal of the Soviet Union Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky.

BYSTROV: Hello everyone. Happy holiday, happy holiday! This is the Personal Factor program. Today it comes out in an unusual format. Today we are visiting Natalya Rodionovna Malinovskaya, a philologist, art critic, translator and daughter of Marshal of the Soviet Union Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky, the well-known Minister of Defense of the USSR. Natalya Rodionovna is the keeper of her father's archive. As I understand it, this archive is located in this apartment?

MALINOVSKAYA: Naturally, he lives with me.

BYSTROV: What kind of archive is this? Please tell me.

MALINOVSKAYA: The archive is what is left at home from dad's papers. The fact is that most of those papers that were related to him were taken away along with government phones on the second day after he passed away, and they disappeared to God knows where.

BYSTROV: Classified.

MALINOVSKAYA: You see, if we knew that the next day they would come and take away the papers and some of the books from his closet, standing next to the table, what would be easier than looking at these papers and keeping them for ourselves. And you yourself understand that dad, of course, did not keep super-secret papers at home. But they took everything, just in case. And it was unexpected. But it remained, there was also a closet in another room, where there was such an unsystematized archive of the Russian Expeditionary Force in France. This is a completely special topic that can be talked about and talked about. There were letters from soldiers of the corps, written to their colleague already in the 60s, when it became known that during the First World War dad was in the corps.

Now I am preparing these letters for printing. They are amazingly interesting, because they contain not only the history of the corps, but the history of the subsequent entire lives of these people. And they are written in an absolutely delightful, ancient style: “Hello, dear colleague and comrade of unforgettable years! Writes to you...” And then the whole life. Letters from Siberia, from Australia, from France, God knows where. After all, only in 1960, when dad was in France with Khrushchev and talked about the corps, the two of them went to this village, where the corps, or rather not the corps, but the part that had previously been in the corps, and then began to serve in the foreign legion of the French army, it was disbanded in this village. This was written about in the magazine Ogonyok, which reached literally every village in the Soviet Union. And these letters came. Dad offered them to Military Publishing House. They seemed interested, but things didn’t go any further.

BYSTROV: But does this apply to the First World War, where your father also participated?

MALINOVSKAYA: Yes, this applies to the First World War. And imagine, he is the only person who had two Victory Parades in his life.

Listen in full in audio file

"A fool on the throne is not fit to rule"

EVGENY SATANOVSKY: “A fool on the throne may have a wonderful knowledge of classical poetry, philosophy, Ayurveda and much more, but he is not fit to rule. The person has absolutely no practical view of things: he does not listen to professionals, he is afraid to delegate authority and constantly tries to balance, sincerely believing that nothing will ever happen to him.”

22.02.2019, 10:07

America wanted Ukraine to fight Russia, and Ukraine wanted the United States

ROSTISLAV ISHCHENKO: “Literally yesterday Klimkin made a statement that the agreement on the Sea of Azov will be denounced in the near future. If you do not organize provocations in the Kerch Strait, then the denunciation of the agreement itself is harmful for Ukraine, If there is no agreement between the two states “How the territorial problem is regulated, including the delimitation of the sea, then the advantage is with the stronger. There is no need to explain who is stronger in the Sea of Azov.”

21.02.2019, 10:07

A great ruler achieves goals without paying attention to anything

EVGENY SATANOVSKY: “From my point of view, Stalin was a tougher ruler than Hitler. Hitler was a brat compared to Stalin - by the way, that’s the only reason Stalin won! Any ruler from those whom we now call great is a ruler who is cruel , bloody, who achieves his goal, not paying attention to anything, Ivan the Terrible achieved, Peter I achieved, everything else is fairy tales!

Employees of the Lodeynoye Pole regional library, 1935 (on the left in the first row, Raisa Kucherenko)

Raisa Kucherenko on vacation in Crimea. May 1941

At the Vienna Zoo. May 1945

R.Ya. Malinovskaya with her husband and son German

M. PESHKOVA: June 22 is coming soon. While preparing a program about Marshal Malinovsky in a series of programs about the 65th anniversary of the Victory, I asked Natalya Rodionovna, the marshal’s daughter, about her mother, the marshal’s wife, Raisa Yakovlevna Malinovskaya, a native of Ukraine, who came to Leningrad before the war to visit her older sister, an officer’s wife. Natalya Malinovskaya reports.

N. MALINOVSKAYA: My mother really wanted to study, she stayed with her sister in Leningrad and went to study first at library courses, then at the library institute. And by this time it turned out that they were being transferred somewhere, and my mother, just a 15-year-old girl, was left alone in Leningrad. Nothing, it's not missing. She studied, completed library courses, library institute, began working - first as a library inspector in the north, she went to Monchegorsk as a library inspector, and to villages. So she says that, no matter how hard it was in Ukraine, she also experienced the Ukrainian famine...

M. PESHKOVA: The Holodomor happened before her eyes, yes.

N. MALINOVSKAYA: Yes, and there she had her first dystrophy. Still, it seemed to her that somehow people lived more difficultly there, in the north. The feeling was unmotivated by anything. Maybe just because the places there were native and seemed to be south, but there it was so uncomfortable, so north and so cold. And so they rode on a little horse with another library inspector to give some lectures; in the 1930s they traveled through God knows what remote villages. Then she settled in a charming, as she said, place with a beautiful name - Lodeynoye Pole, she was already the head of the library there. She fanatically loved her work, she loved books, she loved this kind of work; she didn’t just give out books, she organized reading conferences. She was very proud that writers from Leningrad came to her for the reading conference. Here was the crown of her delight - it was the arrival of Yuri German. She managed to persuade him, managed to arrange it. And, in the end, she got married and left with her husband for Leningrad. And here she found herself in a very intelligent family, where they called her slightly disparagingly - “our Komsomol member Raya.” They were all very educated people, architects, translators, with a university education, not in the first generation, but somehow she was completely out of place for them. But that's what happened. She had a son, whom she named Hermann after her favorite opera, The Queen of Spades. This caused my poor brother so much trouble in his life. Well, imagine, a boy born in 1936, and his name is Herman. Like Goering. He really wanted to rename himself Alexander. For half my life I wanted to rename myself Alexander. The war finds my mother already in Leningrad. She works in the library of a mechanical technical school. And, naturally, the husband goes to the front immediately, and soon she receives a funeral. The blockade begins, and his entire large family, everyone there was older than her, dies out in her arms during the blockade. She is the healthiest, she is the youngest. And her son is taken away from her, he is evacuated along with kindergartens, like most children in Leningrad, and she is not allowed to leave with him. But at that moment no one yet understands what is happening. It seems that the children will stay somewhere for two months while it is dangerous here, and then return. They could not imagine that they were saying goodbye to their children - some forever, some for a long 4-5, maybe more, years. After all, then we still had to find each other. She often later recalled this scene in her old age, how terrible it was. Not so small, just children, and they were taken away, and she was not allowed to leave, and they said: “Who will defend Leningrad? “My God, how will I defend Leningrad? I'm a librarian. What will I do? But it soon became clear that - dig trenches, stand at a post, then grab these bombs and shove them somewhere in the sand.

N. MALINOVSKAYA: I didn’t think about the blockade often. I remember when Granin’s “Siege Book” came out, I thought for a very long time, after reading the book, whether to give this to my mother or whether it would be somehow too difficult for her. In the end, I brought her the “Siege Book”, then I came and said: “Well, how do you like it?” She says: “It’s all true, but such a small part of the truth.” She didn’t say anything more about the “Siege Book.” Then some absolutely incredible details sometimes slipped through. That’s how the front-line soldiers said almost nothing, that’s how she didn’t say anything about the blockade, almost nothing, and only once did someone ask her in front of me, after all, she was then both at the front and on the front line: “Raisa Yakovlevna, at the front Was it scary? She was silent for a moment and said: “Yes, after the blockade there’s almost nothing.” There was nothing more terrible than there. She knew for sure that she couldn’t lie down - it was certain death. She told me about one terrible moment of the blockade. She came home, there was no one from her husband’s close relatives, but his cousins, maybe his second cousins, lived with her in this apartment. When she came home one day, she discovered that there were no relatives or a stove. That's where they went. And then she sat down, it was cold, she was hungry, it’s not even discussed anymore, and so she sat there, stunned, for several hours, and then said to herself: “Well, you bastards, I’ll survive to spite you!” and began to think that she would now sell it in order to warm up, to buy something. And here, she says, it was fate. Then she found behind a buffet cut into firewood - many, many boxes of her mother-in-law’s homeopathic medicines were piled there. She was treated homeopathically. And for quite a long time she was sure that this homeopathy that she ate saved her. The second case is like this. And it’s very remarkable that I didn’t learn about him from my mother. I was probably already 14 years old, and a woman came to visit us from Leningrad. I saw her for the first time. Well, you know how, they come from my mother’s village, they’re called “our relatives.” Whoever they are, they are our relatives. And then some other people from Leningrad appeared, who also seemed to be relatives. And it was somehow very strange for me to see how this adult woman looked at her mother as if she were an icon, absolutely like that. And then she told me alone: “You don’t even understand what kind of person your mother is. So I’ll tell you so that you understand what kind of person he is.” That's when she was a girl, and she had a brother. It turned out to be some kind of distant relatives of my mother’s husband. Their grandmother died, their mother died, everyone died, they ended up with this little brother. And they have nowhere to go. They remembered where other relatives lived. And so it turned out that they came to my mother when she was already alone, already abandoned by them. This girl Lucy had nothing but one remaining ring from her mother. She came to her mother with this ring and her brother and said: “Aunt Raya, take us. Here’s mom’s ring, we have nothing else.” “Come in, we’ll live somehow. But I won’t take the ring from you. This cannot be done. This is your memory of your mother. And if I take it, I’ll immediately go change it and we’ll eat it all right away, and then, if we stay alive, then you’ll remember, and I’ll feel bad that I changed your ring. Let's not change it. We will forget that you have it.” And so the three of them began to live. The boy did not survive. The girl survived and was also evacuated. But the adult mother was evacuated already in dystrophy in April 1942. They lived through the winter, the most difficult winter of the siege, together, the most difficult, the most hungry. This is where they got lost. They were found much later, much after the war.

M. PESHKOVA: So she came to you?

N. MALINOVSKAYA: She came to us. And I don’t know the story from my mother. She didn't tell me. But since she didn’t tell me, it means she didn’t tell anyone. How can I tell her this about myself? And this Lucy’s mother’s ring was missing, because she gave it to the teacher who was taking them away, already on the mainland, no longer in Leningrad, after the evacuation. Well... God is the judge of who used it. But not my mother. Although the children were still ready to share it all, naturally. Then, when I talked to my mother about this many years later, she told me that, probably, not everyone, but many people she knew, had such a conviction during the blockade - if you cross this human law, then then you will definitely die. Or you'll go crazy. She had this feeling. She was sure that this was how she survived.

M. PESHKOVA: The Marshal’s wife, Raisa Yakovlevna Malinovskaya, memories of her daughter, Natalya Malinovskaya, in “Non-Past Tense” on “Echo of Moscow” in the cycle “Victory. One for all."

N. MALINOVSKAYA: And what really struck me in her story about the blockade. Or rather, not about the blockade itself, but about how they were taken away, how they traveled from there. It was April 4, 1942, the last day that the ice Road of Life existed. And they fell through one car. Their car passed. And then for a month and a half they were transported in these heated vehicles, in wagons, from Leningrad approximately to the Grozny region. And they had nothing to change, they had nothing at all. And I was struck by the fact that these month and a half they were still starving, this road. She remembered how people got off at bus stops, they seemed so prosperous to her that there was simply nowhere else to go - peasant women with some kind of food in their bags. Perhaps all this was not nearly as radiant as it seemed to those who had just been rescued from extreme hunger. But it seemed to her that they were very prosperous. And they have nothing to change. And as they are fed, so they will be fed. Not every day, she said. This struck me - that they were not fed every day during this journey. And they, in the same dystrophy, arrived somewhere out there, to some village in the Grozny region. They were barely fed, and within a month they were more or less gone. Summer of 1942 - the collapse of the Southern Front, and this area was about to fall under occupation. And she says that this was the second hardest moment of the entire war, when she realized that even though everyone with whom she came would stay, I wouldn’t stay. I won't stay for anything. They don't take you into the army.

M. PESHKOVA: By age?

N. MALINOVSKAYA: What age? They don’t take anyone into the army - they are afraid of spies, infiltrators, God knows who. The front is rolling back. Under no circumstances should anyone be recruited into the army; it is strictly prohibited. Moreover, right here.

M. PESHKOVA: Is this an order from the commander-in-chief?

N. MALINOVSKAYA: Probably. I know that they didn’t take it from my mother’s words. She, however, leaves this village. This is what she told me more than once. And she has a bundle, in this bundle there is a piece of bread, a piece of soap and shoes, which she brought with her from Leningrad and did not change under any circumstances. The shoes she bought for her son. Then she told me: “Oh my God, what was I thinking about? After all, he should have grown out of these shoes by now.” This didn't occur to me. She carried them as a guarantee of the meeting. And here, as in a fairy tale, is the crossroads of three roads. And where she goes along these three roads, she doesn’t care at all. She doesn't know. And for some reason this moment of choice was so internally difficult. She says: “I sat down at this intersection and cried like I had never cried before.” And then - what to do? - She wiped her tears and left. And literally soon I came across some military unit and began to lie that I had separated from my unit and all that. And the lieutenant says: “Girl, you’re lying.” “I’m lying! - and sobbed bitterly. - Here is my Leningrad passport. I didn’t live under the blockade for the whole winter; I didn’t go on hunger strike in Leningrad so that I could now go under occupation. Take anyone. I'll do anything. I can't do anything military. I'm a librarian." “Okay,” he says, “we’ll take you. So you go there, our girls live there. You say that you are ours,” and named some part number. And she went there, they showed her where to spend the night. And then a sergeant came with some kind of bowler hat and said to the hostess: “Where is our girl?” She says: “Yes, there she is, washing herself.” He brought her buckwheat porridge in a pot, and she sobbed over this porridge. And that's how she ended up in the army. At first, she was assigned to the hardest job in the army - she was in a bath and laundry plant. Then she learned everything in the world. And yet he is a literate person who graduated from college. There is a lot of civilized, competent work there for such a person. But her first job was at a bath and laundry plant. And that's how she ended up in the army. This army was soon surrounded. And so she left the encirclement, not afraid of anything after the blockade. She brought some intelligence information after leaving the encirclement, and they wandered around for a long time - probably about a week. She was once noted by the command that she not only got out of encirclement, but could tell something like that - which roads were already occupied by the Germans, which were free. And it had some kind of military meaning. Their army commander died and the army was disbanded. And the next army, in which she was later, was immediately surrounded again. Twice during this summer of 1942 she left the encirclement. The second time she counted some tanks there. For the second time, for the way she effectively escaped the encirclement, the command of her army presented her to the Order of the Red Star. And her dad was presenting this order to her when he noticed her. But for a very long time, even though she was noticed by him, she fought like an ordinary person, and not even like a marshal’s wife. You understand, there is a big difference. Moreover, he was not a marshal then. And the summer of 1942 was the hardest for my mother, and the hardest for him. This is a separate story. Dad began to say hello to her. And since they have the same middle names - Rodion Yakovlevich and Raisa Yakovlevna, many had a suspicion that they were brother and sister. And my mother told me: “Oh, how much easier my life became after they suspected that I was his sister!”

This is already quite close before the war - 38-39, maybe even 40 - my mother signed up for a gliding club. She explained that it was not so much because she really wanted to fly on a glider, because she didn’t know what it was like to fly on a glider, but she liked it, but because they gave them overalls and a uniform. There are some special slippers to go with the overalls. And when she put on this overalls and went somewhere to hell to this airfield, where their glider stood, she said: “It seemed to me that the whole city was looking at me - how I was walking, in this overalls.” And then I really enjoyed flying. She never regretted anything that she lost during the blockade. It’s clear that everything that was there was lost, down to the last blouse. But she regretted one thing - that the newspaper with the photograph was missing, where she was on the glider or near the glider, and it was written: “Raya is about to fly.” This photo card from “Raya is about to take flight” - God, how she wanted to show me and dad. I don’t know, if by some miracle this newspaper fell into my hands, but it exists, regional, with a large circulation, I don’t know what it is. I wanted to say something about this “Raya is about to fly” separately.

We have already reached the end of the war, to the time when after the Victory Parade at the Moscow Hotel we gathered to celebrate with a narrow circle - dad, mom, several generals and officers. During the preparations for the Victory Parade, everything seemed strange to my mother, that something else was happening besides preparations for the Victory Parade. Dad is somehow too preoccupied, too focused. Well, it’s not just about the parade here. When everyone was sitting and talking and singing, suddenly one of these officers began to sing a song - “Mom, I’m not afraid of Siberia, Siberia is also Russian land!” And then she realized that the war was not over for them, that they would go to the Eastern Front and that they would still have everything ahead. And ahead was the Trans-Baikal Front, and the absolutely amazing assault on Khingan; ahead were ten more, as she and dad considered, the happiest years of their life in the Far East. But on the way to this Japanese war, my mother needed to find her son. She knew only one thing - that he was in an orphanage somewhere in Siberia, somewhere where Leningrad children were taken. And she knew nothing more about him. She could find out where these orphanages were located, in which villages, where Leningrad children were taken. And while the train was traveling, dad allowed her at some stations to fly on Po-2 to the location of this orphanage, to check whether it was there or not. And somewhere in the ninth or tenth orphanage, the mother found her son and brought him with her. And he, just a nine-year-old boy, ended up with her in the war. After all, she fought. This was the front headquarters. We have photos. It’s clear that everyone loved the child who ended up here against his will. The soldiers loved him very much. He stood there with a gun, they took pictures of him. It was very funny when she finally found him, put him in Po-2, and this is an open airplane, she hugged him to her, they made a circle over this village where the orphanage was located. And my brother Hera began to say: “Wait, wait, you are not flying any further. I need to throw in my slippers.” “What kind of slippers, what are you talking about?” “The guys gave me slippers so I could throw them out of the plane.” And so he began to throw out these slippers given to him by his comrades so that they could catch them, these slippers that had been on an airplane. Mom was terribly shocked... When she saw him, and he was the same height as she sent him. There, too, children were starving. They also had it, of course, not to the same extent - in Leningrad they would have been doomed, but there was degeneration there too. And my brother already told me that in the older groups, where he was already 8-9 years old, they were sent, as they said, to guard the field with carrots, and he said: “I only now understand that we were sent there to feed ourselves a little.” .

M. PESHKOVA: Did they study?

N. MALINOVSKAYA: No, no. What school? Nothing. They weren't taught anything. It turned out that he had not learned anything. And the age is already approaching. And such accelerated classes were only available at the Suvorov Military School. And thus, immediately after the war, he ended up in the Suvorov School, he studied at the Kiev Suvorov School. And so he finished it.

M. PESHKOVA: Memories of mother, Raisa Yakovlevna Malinovskaya, in the stories of Marshal Malinovsky’s daughter, Natalya Malinovskaya. How the war went through the destinies of the Malinovsky family, in the continuations of the series “Victory. One for all” on Sunday morning. Director - Alexey Naryshkin. I am Maya Peshkova. Program "Non-Past Tense".

The daughter of Marshal of the Soviet Union, twice Hero of the Soviet Union Rodion Malinovsky donated a unique selection of documents from her father’s personal archive to the Russian Historical Society.

We are talking about dozens of letters, diaries, decrees and rare photographs covering the period in Russia, the struggle against the regime of Francisco Franco in Spain and, of course, the Second World War.

“Your father is a man of amazing destiny. He walked the roads of the First World War as part of the Russian Expeditionary Force, he also fought in two civil wars - in Russia and Spain. And of course, he defended our Motherland during the Great Patriotic War. At the same time, he understood that he was taking part in events of great historical importance. And so I collected documents, diaries, and took photographs. Of course, this archive is our great asset,”

Said the Chairman of the Russian Historical Society during a meeting with Natalya Rodionovna Malinovskaya.

Among these invaluable archival materials is the manuscript of a play written in his youth about the uprising in the La Courtine camp, letters from former colleagues, original photographs from the fronts of the First World War, as well as a huge array of documents related to the period of the Great Patriotic War: unsent letters to his homeland found in the possession of a murdered man a German corporal, and a whole series of documents translated from German into Russian, which Marshal Malinovsky carefully studied.

“Documents related to the war are presented here - documents from German headquarters, their view of the Nikopol operation. These are amazingly interesting documents! There is one text there, German instructions on how to recruit our prisoners into the Vlasov army, their psychological portrait, recruitment methods. And in my father’s hand it was signed: “Knowledge of the enemy. In my special folder." This neck is very significant,”

Noted during the meeting Natalya Malinovskaya.

Some of the documents also relate to the Cold War period. One of the photographs shows Nikita Khrushchev, USSR Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko and Rodion Malinovsky, at that time the Minister of Defense of the Soviet Union. Almost half a century after the end of the First World War, Malinovsky arrived in Paris for an international conference and, of course, stopped by a small village where he once served as part of the Russian Expeditionary Force. In the photograph, together with high-ranking government officials from the USSR, there is an elderly French woman - during the First World War she worked in a tavern where soldiers of the Russian Expeditionary Force visited.

“After returning from this trip, the Ogonyok magazine wrote a long essay about this, and those who once served in the corps began writing to dad. Lovely letters that begin with the words: “Greetings to you, Monsieur Malinovsky, my fellow soldier and comrade of unforgettable years.” This is a huge story - absolutely precious human testimonies."

She told me Natalya Malinovskaya.

These stories will be included in the book that Natalya Malinovskaya is currently working on. According to her, the book is supposed to show fateful historical events through the prism of individual human destinies. Nowadays, a lot of work is being done in the archives, but due to the closed nature of some of them, even the daughter of the Marshal of the Soviet Union faces certain difficulties and restrictions.

“Here we will help you, everything is possible,”

Promised Sergey Naryshkin.

Copies of the transferred documentary materials are already available on the official website of the Russian Historical Society. However, of course, this is only part of the documents stored in the Malinowski family archive. During a meeting with Natalya Malinovskaya, he proposed preparing a separate historical and documentary exhibition based on the Malinovsky family archive for Victory Day.

Text: Anna Khrustaleva

During the First World War, Malinowski was seriously wounded and was hospitalized in Poland. A gypsy woman came to the hospital to earn extra money. The future marshal was 17 at that time. The gypsy told fortunes to everyone and, as usual, did not skimp on good news from the future. And when she got to Malinovsky, she said: “Your destiny will include both the marshal’s baton and the highest military post, but beware of Friday, this day is bad for you...”

"The troops of the Southern Front covered their banners with shame"

All three wounds were on Friday, the last day of life was Friday. Thirty years later, the marshal's wife also died on Friday. Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky never even scheduled the start of military operations for Friday. Of course, if it depended on him. But you can’t throw Friday out of the week. Therefore, everything that was supposed to be bad in the marshal’s fate that day happened.

July 24, 42nd. Rostov-on-Don. Malinovsky, then the commander of the Southern Front, surrenders the city to the Germans without an order from the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command, clearly understanding that it cannot be held, and a lot of soldiers can be killed.

Four days after the surrender of Rostov, Stalin’s famous order No. 227 “Not a step back!” was issued.

“It was written in black and white that the troops of the Southern Front, who surrendered Rostov without an order, covered their banners with shame. I can imagine how dad felt in those days when this order, the most famous in the entire Great Patriotic War, concerned him so personally. All his life he considered the day of the surrender of Rostov the most difficult day in his life,” says Marshal Malinovsky’s daughter Natalya.

In February 1943, Malinovsky will return to the city he left behind and liberate it.

And immediately after the occupation of Rostov, Malinovsky, no longer the commander of the Southern Front, was summoned by Stalin, who did not shoot him, did not put him on trial, but demoted him, appointing him commander of the 66th Army at Stalingrad.

"Hot Snow"

Three months later - a new appointment. Malinovsky becomes commander of the 2nd Guards Army, whose exploits are known thanks to Yuri Bondarev’s novel “Hot Snow” and the film of the same name.

The outcome of the battle for Stalingrad largely depended on the success or failure of this operation in the Volga steppe in December 1942.

Field Marshal Erich von Manstein - "The Stone Man" - justified the Fuhrer's hopes in this landmark battle and his surname as best he could. Coolly and methodically, he broke through to the encircled 6th Army of General Paulus.

The commander of the 2nd Guards Army, Malinovsky, had many tanks, but they were only a quarter full. They were immobile, they could only move into a fighting position and nothing more.

“And my father ordered all his tanks to go out into the open and take a combat position,” says Natalya Malinovskaya. “The German tanks and ours stood against each other, and so they stood for a day. You can imagine the tension that my father and those who was in these tanks? And if the Germans decided to attack?

But Manstein did not dare, but sent for reinforcements; he did not know that our tanks had no fuel. His report began with the words: “The entire steppe is dotted with Russian tanks, I need a lot of reinforcements.” However, reinforcements from the Red Army arrived earlier.

Illegitimate, fatherless, bastard

Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky grew up fatherless. His mother adopted him from some visiting land surveyor. At the age of 11, the future marshal ran away from home. Varvara Nikolaevna got married, and Rodion realized that he could not live in his stepfather’s family. He was sheltered by Aunt Natasha, who lived in Kyiv. She lived very poorly, but she did not turn away from her nephew. She earned extra money by washing and sewing clothes for wealthier townspeople.

When Rodion began to earn money on his own, he saved money for a very long time in order to give her a gift. He bought Natalya Nikolaevna a Singer sewing machine and gave the exact same one to his mother.

He loved Aunt Natasha very much. It is not difficult to guess that Rodion Yakovlevich named his daughter, whose birth was predicted by the same fortune teller in the hospital, in honor of Natalya Nikolaevna.

“When he found out that Kyiv had been liberated from the Germans, the very next day he flew there to find Aunt Natasha,” says Natalya Malinovskaya. “He didn’t find her. As the neighbors said, she died because she sheltered a Jewish family. On Aunt Natasha was denounced, and she, along with the Jewish family she sheltered, was driven to Babi Yar."

There were 4 wars in the marshal's life

In total, there were four wars in the life of Marshal Malinovsky: the First World War, the Civil War, the Spanish War and the Second World War.

Rodion Yakovlevich, although he did not intend to be a military man, simply went to the front at the age of 16 so as not to be a burden in his aunt’s family. Over the years, his remarkable talent as a commander emerged. He stunned the enemy with unconventional solutions. For example, during the capture of Zaporozhye in 1943, not allowing the Germans to come to their senses, he carried out a night assault on the big city with front forces. The Zaporozhye operation, like the Iasi-Kishinev operation, was included in all textbooks on the art of war. The meeting with his future wife also turned out to be non-standard.

Malinovsky presented the order to his future wife

In 1943, General Malinovsky awarded the Order of the Red Star to private Raisa Kucherenko, who distinguished herself while collecting valuable intelligence data.

“Mom began her army life in 1942 in a bath and laundry plant. She came out of encirclement twice. The second time was fateful - they met their father,” says Natalya Malinovskaya. “In the summer of 1942, when they came out of encirclement, she and Two more soldiers made their way through the corn field and counted the German tanks. Apparently, this information turned out to be important - my mother was presented with the Order of the Red Star, which her father presented to her.”

According to her daughter, Raisa Kucherenko already made her first impression on Rodion Malinovsky.

But he transferred her to his front headquarters only a year later, in 1944, and appointed her head of the Military Council canteen. And two years later their daughter Natalya was born.

“Don’t you have any beds?”

Natalya Rodionovna was born in Khabarovsk in the first post-war year. Malinovsky was then commander of the Far Eastern Military District. On his daughter’s birthday - November 7 - he took part in his first military parade, and then went to the hospital.

At the door, the doctor on duty reported to him: “Comrade Marshal, everything is fine, your wife is on the table.” Malinovsky asked: “What about you, don’t you have any beds?”

They explained to the marshal where children are born.

Malinovsky loved to photograph his daughter himself. Photography, along with chess and fishing, was a hobby and passion.

And there were always animals in the Malinovskys’ house. Siberian cats, eared dogs. They were always pampered. And they responded with devotion. Within 40 days after Malinovsky’s death, all the dogs and cats then living in the marshal’s house died of melancholy.

"Bloody Wedding"

In 1937, Malinovsky brought home from Spain a lifetime edition of Federico Garcia Lorca’s play “Bloody Wedding,” as if foretelling the future profession of his unborn daughter. 65 years will pass and Natalya Rodionovna will translate this play into Russian. She is a Spanish scholar, associate professor of the Department of Foreign Literature at the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University, one of the most famous translators of Lorca's poetry and Dali's prose, and a laureate of many literary awards.

The play "Bloody Wedding" has been running at the Moscow "Soprichastnost" theater for 10 years.

People's Artist of Russia Svetlana Miseri, who plays the mother in the play, believes that Natalia Malinovskaya's translation is "the most successful of all existing ones."

Travel suitcase

Marshal's daughter Natalya Malinovskaya keeps a small leather suitcase at home. Marshal Malinovsky loved to go on business trips with him. Today it contains some of the marshal's personal belongings.

Things that he loved to use, that were dear to him. Among them is a beret brought from Spain during the Civil War.

In peacetime, Rodion Yakovlevich went hunting and fishing in it. Here is an embroidered Ukrainian shirt. She reminded the marshal of his youth. And a mug made to order for the marshal at an enamel glassware factory. It was given to Malinovsky by the inhabitants of liberated Ukraine.

"Black snowdrifts"

Marshal Malinovsky was dying of cancer - seriously, with terrible pain - metastases had already gone to the bones. He was taken to the hospital on Friday. In it, Malinovsky died on March 31, 1967, not having lived to see his 70th birthday.

After the death of her husband, Raisa Yakovlevna, in order to escape despair, picked up brushes and paints for the first time at the age of 50. She painted simple pictures with equally simple subjects.

Art critics usually call this naive painting. Raisa Yakovlevna called the first painting “First Anniversary. March 31, 1968.”

Another name - "Black Snowdrifts" - was given to this picture by director Andrei Tarkovsky, who once came to visit the Malinovskys.

Wow, what a coincidence! - the thinker Yurna was once again surprised by the intertwining of destinies and made the only right decision:

What does this mean? Is your favorite poet, Fernando Pessoa, connected by some invisible threads with Marshal Malinovsky? No. Not like that. My head is confused.

I read Pessoa and Jimenez in translations by Gelesculus. The translator's name is well etched in my memory. And he, it turns out, was married to Natalya Malinovskaya, the daughter of a marshal. It was the father, whom the Spaniards called Colonel Malino during the Spanish Civil War, who at the age of twenty wrote a play about Russian soldiers who fought in France in the First World War, where he himself served as a soldier, instilled in his daughter a love of Spanish literature to such an extent that she life is engaged in Spanish literature, teaches it at the philological department of Moscow State University and translates books.

Yurna found out all this an hour ago. From a former student Natalia Malinovskaya. The student recalled how difficult it was to get to Malinovskaya’s lectures and seminars and how amazingly beautiful the exquisitely elegant teacher was - as if a countess with a wasp waist, stepped out of an artist’s canvas. It was a pleasure just to watch. And her lectures were great.

The main interesting thing, of course, is about the marshal himself, whose name was remembered and loved by little Yuryna even then, in childhood, when on holidays she came with her parents to Moscow to visit her grandparents, and the whole family in high spirits watched the ceremonial parades on Red Square on TV with a water lens .

38 times, twice a year, Marshal Malinovsky hosted parades. And only 68 years of life...

There is no point in retelling what Yurna heard from thirdhand. It’s impossible to do this better than the marshal’s daughter.

All that remains is to provide a sample letter from the marshal himself and provide links.

Unlike other commanders, Marshal Malinovsky planned to write not memoirs, but a novel in retirement. He undoubtedly had the desire and talent for this. But life decreed otherwise. It's a pity.

First World War. France. Landscape after the battle:

“The late moon rose, large and mournful, and, grieving, hung over the horizon. And it seems that this is why she is sad because she saw a field dug with craters and trenches, abundantly watered with blood, where mad people were killing each other. A quiet, sad breeze carried away from the battlefield the powder smoke that had settled in the hollows, the smell of burning and blood. The soldiers silently surrounded the kitchen that had arrived and ate dinner in silence. The shooting died down, only in the distance, here and there, shells exploded. The orderlies scurried around the trenches, carrying out the seriously wounded on stretchers; regimental musicians picked up the dead. They brought cartridges on carts, and on the same carts they sent the dead to the rear to bury them. Spring nights are short. And as soon as the fog cleared, the artillery cannonade woke up the exhausted soldiers, cowering from the morning cold, and the earth again trembled from explosions and was again covered in smoke and dust.”

Http://magazines.russ.ru/druzhba/2000/5/malin.html

Natalya Malinovskaya wrote her memoirs about her father. "Memory is snow." A most interesting story about a unique person and an excellent example of memoir literature.

Http://www.moscowuniversityclub.ru/home.asp?artId=9589

Natalya Malinovskaya, interview and photography

More details about the marshal's combat path. "Atypical marshal."

Http://www.profil-ua.com/index.phtml?action=view&art_id=2715