The Future Indefinite Tense. Future Simple Tense - simple future tense in English

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In English, as in Russian, there is a future tense. It's not hard to figure it out, since Future Simple is the most simple time of all.

To construct an English sentence using the future tense, you just need to use the appropriate auxiliary verb and remember the word order.

Affirmative sentences in the future tense

Examples of affirmative sentences in the future tense

I'm too busy today. So, I’ll phone you tomorrow. I'm too busy today. Therefore, I will call you tomorrow. They'll go to the country next weekends. They will go to the countryside next weekend. Linda and Brad will go sightseeing in three days. Linda and Brad will go sightseeing in three days.

Formation of interrogative sentences in the future tense

Examples of interrogative sentences in the future tense

Will you come to us tomorrow? Will you come to us tomorrow? Will they have one English lesson or two on Monday? Will they have one English lesson or two on Monday? Will he study Spanish next year? He will study Spanish in next year?

Formation of negative sentences in the future tense

They won't have a party next Monday. Their son is in the hospital. They won't have a party next Monday. Their son is in the hospital. I won't talk to him on this topic. I will not talk to him about this topic. Miranda won’t go to the office tomorrow as Monday is her day off. Miranda will not go to the office tomorrow as she has a day off on Monday.

Basic uses of the Future Simple

1. One-time action in the future. In this case, such adverbs of time as tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, next year, etc. will often be used in the sentence.
2. An action that is repeated regularly in the future.
3. Request, proposal.
4. Several consistent actions in the future.

Time Future Simple Tense is translated into Russian as “simple future tense”. With its help, we talk about actions that we will take in the future.

This is one of the most popular English tenses. It's very easy to use. But it is important to figure out how to do it correctly from the very beginning.

In the article we will analyze the rules for using the Future Simple, diagrams and examples of the formation of affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences at this time.

• Is it possible to use shall to form the future tense?

If you are just starting to learn English, then start with these articles:

Using the Future Simple tense

Future Simple Tense - simple future tense. It is used in the following cases:

1. When we talk about facts that will happen in the future.
(I will go on vacation; he will buy a car; they will go on a visit.)

2. When we talk about an action that may take place, that is, we make a forecast or express a personal opinion.
(I think it will be warm tomorrow; he thinks prices will rise)

How are affirmative sentences formed in the Future Simple?

The Future Simple is formed very easily: using an auxiliary verb will and verb in initial form . Please note: ending the verb does not change at all, unlike Present Simple, where the ending changes depending on who is doing the action. Education scheme:

Actor + will + action (verb in initial form).

Let's look at examples.

Iwill play tennis tomorrow.
I will play tennis tomorrow.

Shewill buy a car this year.
She will buy a car this year.

He won't call you back.
He will call you back.

It will help you.
This will help you.

They will watch an interesting film at the weekend.
They will watch an interesting movie this weekend.

How can you shorten will?

We can shorten the auxiliary verb will:

will = 'll.

He'll get a taxi.
He'll take a taxi.

Is it possible to use shall to form the future tense?

Auxiliary verb shall is obsolete and is no longer used in the Future Simple tense. It can only be found in official or outdated texts.

However shall we can use, to ask someone's opinion.

Shall I buy this dress?
Should I buy this dress?

Shall I read this book?
Should I read this book?

Shall I take a taxi?
Should I take a taxi?

You can also find the use of shall V meaning "should".

He shall buy this dress for me.
He must buy this dress for me.

She shall read this book.
She should read this book.

Future Simple tense indicators

When you see the following words, it means that you are looking at the simple future tense.

• Tomorrow - tomorrow.
• Next day, week, month, year - next day, month, year.
• In one day - every other day.

My sister will return nextweek.
My sister will be back next week.

His friend will sell the phone tomorrow.
His friend will sell the phone tomorrow.

Children will play football in two days.
The children will play football in two days.

Negative sentences in the Future Simple

We use the negative form when we say that we won't perform some action in the future or that something won't happen. Negative sentences will be built by adding a particle not. For example: I won’t go for a walk, it won’t rain tomorrow.

Negation in the Future Simple is formed by adding a particle not to auxiliary verb will.

Actor + will + not + action (verb in initial form).

For example

Hewillnot study English next month.
He won't study English next month.

Theywillnot help you.
They won't help you.

Wewillnot meet you tomorrow.
We won't meet you tomorrow.

How can we shorten will + not?

In negation we can shorten the particle not, pay attention to how exactly:

will not = won't

She won't call you.
She won't call you.

Interrogative sentences in the Future Simple

To ask whether someone will do something in the future, we put the auxiliary verb will in the first place in the sentence. The structure of the question will be as follows.

Will + actor + action (verb in initial form)?

Statement

He will get up early tomorrow.
He will get up early tomorrow.

Question

Will will he get up early tomorrow?
Will he get up early tomorrow?

Short positive answer, that is, if we want to say “yes”, will contain the auxiliary verb will.

Yes, he will.
Yes, it will.

Fully positive answer will be constructed as an affirmative sentence.

Yes, he will get up early tomorrow.
Yes, he will get up early tomorrow.

Short negative answer, that is, if we want to answer “no”, it will contain the auxiliary verb will + the particle not.

No, he will not.
No, it won't.

Complete negative answer will be constructed as a negative sentence.

No, he will not get up early tomorrow.
No, he won't get up early tomorrow.

Examples

Will do you do your homework? Yes, I will.
you will do homework? Yes, I will.

Will do you do your homework? No, I will not.
Will you do your homework? No, I won't.

Will they cook dinner tomorrow? Yes, they will cook dinner tomorrow.
Will they cook dinner tomorrow? Yes, they will cook dinner tomorrow.

Will they cook dinner tomorrow? No, they will not cook dinner tomorrow.
Will they cook dinner tomorrow? No, they won't cook dinner tomorrow.

Special questions in Future Simple

Special questions are asked using the following question words:

• what - what;
• where - where;
• which - which one;
• why - why;
• when - when;
• who - who;
• how - how.

Question word + will + actor + action (verb in initial form)?

What will do they do tomorrow?
What will they do tomorrow?

When will she buy a new phone?
When will she buy a new phone?

How long will do you do your homework?
How long will it take you to do your homework?

Where will he lives next year?
Where will he live next year?

Who will feed your cat?
Who will feed your cat?

In English there is a construction to be going to, which translates as “getting ready to do something.”

We also use it when we talk about actions we plan to take.

That is, we say:

1. About plans for the future
2. Events that are likely to happen

For example: “She is going to buy a new dress.”

In English, such sentences are formed according to the following scheme:

Actor + verb to be (am, is, are) + going to + action.

Examples

She is going to study English.
She is going to learn English.

They are going to buy a car.
They are going to buy a car.

What is the difference between will and to be going to?

I think you noticed that the construction to be going to is similar in use to will (Future Simple). Very often they can replace each other.

But there is still a slight difference.

We use the construction to be going to when the decision is balanced and thought out in advance. That is, you have a preliminary plan to do something.

For example, you say to a friend: “I am going to learn English.”

That is, you have already decided and thought about the fact that you need English, looked for suitable courses and signed up for several introductory lessons to select. And now share your plans with a friend.

The Future Simple tense is usually used when you are unsure of your plans. Perhaps you made a decision mid-conversation and didn't have time to think about it.

For example, you didn’t pass the interview because the job requires fluent English. You get upset and think: “I will learn English. Then I will definitely find a good job.”

This decision was made spontaneously, meaning at the moment you did not have time to think about it.

Read more about this design.

Now let's summarize briefly and look at general table use of time Future Simple.

General table of time use Future Simple

So, Future Simple (simple future tense) is used in the following cases:

1. When we talk about an action that we will perform in the future (facts that will happen).
2. When we talk about an action that may take place, that is, we make a forecast or express our opinion.

Let's look at the formation of all types of sentences in this tense.

Future Simple is a very simple tense. I hope you don't have any difficulties using it. If you still have any questions, be sure to ask them in the comments.

Reinforcement task

To consolidate what you have learned, I suggest you translate the following sentences into English. Write your answers in the comments to the article.

1. My friend will work on the weekend.
2. We won't buy a new car next month.
3. He will go to the hospital tomorrow.
4. Will you go to the theater with us tomorrow? No, I won't go to the theater with you tomorrow.
5. He will not sign this agreement next week.

The main difficulty of the English language for beginners is tenses. There are only 12 tenses in the English language, but due to the specifics of some tenses, confusion occurs. In this article I will tell you in detail about the tenses of the English language with an example of use.

From the article you will learn:

English tenses with examples and translation into Russian

In English, there are traditionally 12 tenses. English tenses are divided into 3 groups:

1. Simple (Indefinite),
2. Continuous (Progressive),
3. Perfect.

They, in turn, in combination with the main temporary Present forms, Past and Future form corresponding tenses. Let's start with the group Indefinite.

Present Simple (Presen Indefinite) - Present Simple

How is it formed:

I form of the verb. This form is used in all persons and numbers, except for the third person singular: then the endings – s, -es – are added.

When to use:

1. The action occurs with a certain frequency. Used with such adverbs as always (always), rarely (rarely), often (often), usually (usually), never (ever), etc., in addition, with the word every (every day, every month, every year etc.)

She never listens to me.- She never listens to me.

I always go abroad in summer.— In the summer I always go abroad.

He goes to the theater every weekend.— He goes to the theater every weekend.

2. The effect is scientifically proven.

Water boils at 100 degrees.— Water boils at 100 degrees.

3. The sequence of actions is described.

I get up, wash my hands and face, have breakfast etc.— I get up, wash, have breakfast, etc.

Present Continuous - Present Continuous

It should be noted that some English present tenses can indicate the future.

How is it formed:

verb to be + I form of the verb + ing ending.

When used: 1. the action is happening at the moment.

I am watching TV now.— I'm watching TV now.

2. the action will take place in the near future, which is planned (!).

I am flying to New York next month.— Next month I'm flying to New York.

Present Perfect - Present Perfect

The peculiarity is that the English tenses of the Perfect group can denote the past, although they are called present.

Formation: have / has + III form of the verb.

When to use the present perfect tense:

1. the action happened today, this year, this week, etc., i.e. the period has not yet ended.

Has not written 10 books and he is just twenty!- He wrote 10 books, and he’s only twenty! (life goes on)

We have met this month.— We saw each other this month (the month has not ended)

He has met me today.- Today he met me.

2. with adverbs yet (yet), just (only), recently (recently), ever (always), never (never), already (already), etc.

I have just found out about this.- I just found out about this.

I've never been to England.— I've never been to England.

She has already done this work.- She has already done this work.

3. Action in the past affects the present state

We have gone to the forest and now he has a cold.— We went to the forest, and he caught a cold.

Past Simple - Past Simple

How to form the past simple tense:

II form of the verb, i.e. verb+ending –ed ( regular verbs), or II form of an irregular verb.

When to use:

1. The presence of a time marker yesterday (yesterday), last (past, last) or other.

He visited doctor last week.— Last week he visited the doctor.

I met him when I studied at the University.— I met him when I was at university.

2. The action happened in the past without any conditions.

I knew you would come.- I knew you would come.

3. Sequence of actions.

He took the taxi, asked to stop at the Time Square, looked through the window etc.— He took a taxi, asked to stop at Time Square, looked out the window, etc.

Past Continuous - Past Continuous

How to form the past continuous tense:

Verb to be in 2nd form + verb+ ing ending.

When to use:

1. The process lasted for a long time without interruption.

For example.

He was playing the piano the whole evening.— He played the piano all evening.

2. The process was interrupted by another activity.

They came in when she was speaking by the phone.— They came in while she was talking on the phone.

Past Perfect - Past Perfect

How is it formed:

2 form verb have+ 3rd form of the verb.

When to use:

1. When agreeing on times.

He said that he had not noticed you.- He said he didn't notice you.

2. One action happened before the other.

Example: He had left before I could figure out something.“He left before I could understand anything.”

3. There is a temporary excuse by.

He had made his decision by summer.— By the summer he made a decision.

Future Simple - Future Simple

How is it formed:

Shall (used only with 1st person) will+I form of the verb.

When to use:

The action will take place in the future. Used with time markers tomorrow, next, or a deadline is indicated.

I will call you tomorrow.- I'll call you tomorrow.

He will visit us in 3 weeks.— He will visit us in 3 weeks.

Future Continuous - Future Continuous

How it is formed.

Auxiliary verb will/shall+be+1 verb form+ing

When used. The process continues into the future.

She will be dancing the whole day tomorrow.- Tomorrow she will dance all day.

Present Perfect Continuous - Present Perfect Continuous

How is it formed:

Have/has + been + verb+ing

When to use:

1. The action lasts from a moment in the past to a moment in the present (translated by the present)

I have been waiting for this moment all my life.“I’ve been waiting for this moment all my life.”

2. with the preposition since (s).

Their family has been owning this castle since 17th century.— Their family has owned this castle since the 17th century.

Past Perfect Continuous - Past Perfect Continuous

How is it formed:

Had + been + verb+ing

When to use:

One action is interrupted by or causes another.

I had been working hard the whole year, so I was exhausted. “I worked hard all year and was just exhausted.

Future Perfect Continuous - Future Perfect Continuous

English tenses such as Future Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous is used extremely rarely.

How is it formed:

Will/shall + have + been + verb+ ing

When to use:

The period of past and future is affected, the preposition of time by.

For example: I will have been working in this company for 10 years by 1st May.— By May 1, it will be 10 years that I have been working in this company.

Thus, we looked at 10 tenses of the English language (all based on 3 main ones).

Hello people! What will you do tomorrow? What? You don't know what to say? No worries! We're gonna teach ya:) The future tense in English is expressed in various ways, but today we will focus on the most famous - Future Simple or Future Simple Tense. In this article we will look at: the rules for using the future simple, schemes and examples of the formation of affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences in this tense. So let's keep going!

Education Future Simple

To form the Simple Future Tense, you need to use the auxiliary verb " will" before infinitive(first form) of the main semantic verb (without the particle “ to»).

Affirmative sentence is built according to the scheme " subject + will + semantic verb" For example:

I will open the window.- I'll open the window.
You will go to London.- You will go to London.
He will play football.- He will play football.
She will finish the game.- She will finish the game.
It will eat a bone.- It will eat the bone.
We will be at school tomorrow.- We will be at school tomorrow.
You will arrive on time.- You will arrive on time.
They will buy a new flat.- They will buy a new apartment.

In an affirmative sentence " will" is combined with a pronoun and forms a shortened form:

I'll open.
She'll play.
They'll buy.

Negative sentences are formed by adding a particle " not" To " will» = « will not" For example:

I will not open the window.- I won't open the window.
You will not go to London.- You won't go to London.
He will not play football.- He won't play football.
She will not finish the game.- She won't finish the game.
It will not eat a bone.- It won't eat the bone.
We will not be at school tomorrow.- We won't be at school tomorrow.
You will not arrive on time.- You won't arrive on time.
They will not buy a new flat.- They will not buy a new apartment.

You can also use the short form " won't».

I won't open.
He won't play.
They won't buy.

Question in the Future Simple begins with auxiliary verb « will", followed by subject And main verb. For example:

Will I visit her?- I'll visit her.
Will you help me?- Will you help me?
Will he go to school?- Will he go to school?
Will she dance tomorrow?- Will she dance tomorrow?
Will it climb a tree?- Will it climb a tree?
Will we have a party?- Are we having a party?
Will you leave the office?- Will you leave the office?
Will they go on a picnic?- Will they go on a picnic?

IN special issue"will" is put before the subject, A before the auxiliary verb the necessary one is used interrogative pronoun:

Where will I play? - Where will I play?
Why will he play? - Why will he play?
With whom will you play? - Who will you play with?

Using the verb "shall"

Verb " shall" is practically not used in modern English. It is found only in issues, When we're talking about O proposal to do something or help:

Shall I help you?- Can I help you? - Should I (should) help you?
It's too cold here, shall we go home instead?- It’s too cold here, maybe we’d better go home?

In older texts the meaning of promise, warning or threat is found:

You shall never be alone again.-You will never be alone again.
You are too arrogant and one day you shall regret it.-You are too arrogant and one day you will pay for it.

So, we seem to have sorted out the form :)

Using the Future Simple

• When we talk about a single event in the future:

He will spend his money on vacation.- He will spend his money on a vacation.
We will have a party tomorrow.- We'll have a party tomorrow.

• When The action will be repeated several times in the future:

We will visit our grandmother several times next year.- Next year we will visit our grandmother several times.

Don't forget about markers, which indicate action in the future: tomorrow(Tomorrow), tonight(tonight), the day after tomorrow(day after tomorrow), next week(next week) next year(next year) in a week / in a month(in a week / in a month), soon(soon).

• When make an instant or spontaneous decision and immediately voice it:

I"ll have a cup of coffee and a piece of an apple pie, and you?- I'll have a cup of coffee and a piece of apple pie, and you?
It's late right now. I"ll call a taxi.- It's too late now. I'll call a taxi.

• When we make assumptions about the future, that is we think, guess or suspect that some events will happen in the future:

I think it will be a great day tomorrow!- I think tomorrow will be a wonderful day!
I am sure you will enjoy the movie.- I'm sure you'll like the film.

In such sentences you can often find the words: think(think), hope(hope), believe(to count, to believe) wonder(to be interested) expect(expect), imagine(imagine, imagine) be sure(be sure), be certain(be sure), be afraid(afraid); probably(likely), certainly(definitely), perhaps(Maybe).

If our assumptions are based not only on personal opinion, but also on some evidence(proof) - something that confirms that some event will happen in the future (more precisely in the near future), then we use the construction “ be going to" In this case, the speaker is confident about what will happen based on the present. For example, you see a person who has walked too close to the edge of the roof. He's not scared at all, but you started to panic because you see that he might fall. So you say: “Step back! You are going to fall!»

She's going to have a baby(we see her big belly and that's our evidence).
Look at these clouds. It's going to rain(you can see dark heavy clouds in the sky).
Liverpool is going to win the game(the game is almost over and the score is 2:0).

Modal verb "will"

In English " will"can act not only as an auxiliary, but also as a modal verb. All actions in such sentences will refer to the future tense. With "will" we can pass multiple values:

• Promise- promise:

I will call you before leaving.- I'll call you before I leave.
I will not watch TV tonight.- I won't watch TV tonight.

• Offer- offer:

Will you drink a glass of orange juice?-Will you drink a glass of orange juice?
Will you marry me?-Will you marry me?

• Threat- threat:

Listen to me closely or I will punish you.- Listen to me carefully, or I will punish you.
Freeze or I'll shoot you!- Freeze or I'll shoot you!

We all know the rule that in conditional sentences after “ if»/« when» Future Simple not used, but as always there are exceptions.

If "if" is used not as a condition, but as indirect question, then you can use “will”. Indirect question- This subordinate clause, which begins with the conjunction " if»/« whether"(whether), but it is not a question. It maintains regular word order and puts a period at the end rather than a question mark.

I want to know if you will be free at this weekend.- I want to know if you will be free this weekend.

"Will" can be used in conditional sentences after the conjunction "if" as modal verb.

• When "will" means " do something persistently and persistently", that is, continue to defend your opinion without listening to others:

If you won't apologize, you will lose her forever.- If you don't apologize, you'll lose her forever.

• When "will" denotes a polite request:

If you will speak to him, I will be obliged.- If you talk to him, I will be very grateful.

As you can see, Future Simple is not such a simple tense. “Will” is not only an auxiliary verb, which helps to form a sentence in the future, but also a modal one, which has different meaning depending on the situation.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with other tenses of the English language

Learn English with an eye to the future. And may it be bright for you. Cheers!

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