Drozhzhin Gennady Georgievich
Captain 1st rank
G.G. Drozhzhin was born on July 8, 1937 in the village. Mundybash, Kemerovo Region, RSFSR.
1954-1956 - a sailor's apprentice, second class sailor, second class fireman, then first class sailor on the ships of the Far Eastern Sea Trade and Eastern Arctic Shipping Companies (ship "Valery Chkalov" and steamship "Mikhail Uritsky").
1956-1960 - cadet of the Navigator Faculty of TOVVMU named after. S.O. Makarov (Vladivostok).
1960-1968 - navigator of submarines of various projects of the Pacific Fleet (including strategic missile submarines of the first generation) in the 15th squadron of the submarines of the Kamchatka military flotilla.
1968-1971 - student of the faculty of radio electronics VMA them. N.G. Kuznetsova.
1971-1981 - Senior officer, then head of the Space Navigation Systems Department in one of the departments of the Pacific Fleet Headquarters.
1981-1987 - Head of the Department of the Center for Long-Range Radio Navigation of the Main Directorate of Navigation and Oceanography of the Ministry of Defense (Leningrad)
Since 1987 - in reserve.
Behind the stern are thousands of miles on the surface and underwater in all oceans (11 autonomous campaigns, including SSBNs for Combat Service).
As a navigator and controller No. 1, he participated in providing many launches of ballistic missiles from surface and underwater positions. As a member of state commissions, he participated in the acceptance of new nuclear submarines of various projects. He tested new navigation systems, equipment for radio navigation and space navigation systems, in particular, the Uragan SNS (current GLONASS), deep-sea underwater sonar beacons for SSBN patrol positions in the ocean.
As deputy head of the expedition for navigation support, he participated in the laying of the country's only submarine communication cable line of increased length (1000 km) in the Sea of Okhotsk. As the head of the expedition on a hydrographic vessel, he participated in the survey of all radio navigation systems and beacons of the domestic Pacific coast from Vladivostok to the Bering Strait, incl. in the Kuril Islands.
During his service he was awarded the Order of the Red Star and many medals.
After demobilization on the basis of seniority, he graduated from the State Institute of Metrology and Standardization in Leningrad and worked as the head of the State Inspection Committee at NPO Elektroapparat (testing and acceptance of powerful and heavy-duty switching and protective devices for power plants of all types, including nuclear ones). After the liquidation of the State Acceptance Committee, he became a freelance artist. Member of the Union of Artists of the Russian Federation since 2005, member of the Union of Writers of the Russian Federation since 2006, Member of the Naval Press Association since 2000, member of the Presidium of the United Council of Submarine Veterans since 1987.
Author of a two-volume research work on the submarine fleet of the Second World War and the Cold War. Publications: in the newspapers Sovetskaya Rossiya, Zavtra, Naval Fleet, Kronstadt Herald, Kronstadt, Duel, Morskaya Gazeta, in Hydrography”, “Metrology and Standardization”, “World of Welding”, “Captain Club”. From 1998 to 2012 ten solo exhibitions of painting in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novokuznetsk, Limassol (Cyprus). 2 albums of works were published: “We breathe by nature, we feel, we live” (printing house “Ivan Fedorov” in St. Petersburg) and “Russia is my love” (Publishing house “Intrebruk-Service” in Moscow).
November 19 in the city of Semenov, Nizhny Novgorod Region, All-Russian Conference on the development of folk art crafts in Russia.
About the Meeting and its results - Interview with the participant of the Meeting Drozhzhin Gennady Alexandrovich, Chairman of the Board of the Association of Folk Artistic Crafts of Russia (interview dated December 17, Moscow)
Especially for "Rainbow"
Gennady Aleksandrovich, On November 19, the All-Russian Conference on the Problems of Folk Artistic Crafts took place in Semyonov. Was there a specific reason for holding the Meeting or was the general situation in the fisheries required?
G.A. It cannot be called All-Russian, since there were very few representatives from the regions, and there were few directors of fisheries organizations. This was a meeting on the development strategy of folk arts and crafts developed by the Ministry for the period up to 2020.
We must say right away that we have seen the Strategy and, unfortunately, it has not been finalized. And that is why we in the Association at an extended meeting of the Board decided that it can only be approved subject to revision. Because without goals, without concrete results - what kind of Strategy is it? The strategy should give clear answers about what we are striving for: production volumes, headcount, staff turnover, profitability. Exhibition activity., trade work - market infrastructure - everything had to be painted. And there are only words. And very little is said about the fact that enterprises are now in a difficult situation.
If Chairman of the Federation Council Valentina Ivanovna Matviyenko says that “industries must be saved,” then the Ministry should probably understand this. But, unfortunately, we do not yet see concrete results in saving the fisheries as a national treasure of Russia in the developed Strategy.
The second question was - to create a Center for crafts. Coordinating Center - good. What tasks, for what money, where are the people, where are the personnel? This Center will be created for 5 years. Until it is created, there will be no crafts. Who will it be created for?
We, the Board, decided that such a Center should not be created yet.
If it will be budgetary money, then it is not at all clear. The association has been operating for 25 years. Perhaps it would be better then to help the Association? Or even better - to give the money provided for the creation of the Center to enterprises that are in dire need?
So far, there are a lot of questions about the Strategy.
The functions of the Center largely overlap with the functions of the Association. But the Association is a non-profit organization, and the Center is planned as a state one.
G.A. It is planned for public funds.
Why did they not take into account the vast experience of the Association for Cooperation with Enterprises?
G.A. I think that this question should be asked to the specialists who developed the Strategy. Many directors had the same question.
The government has determined that the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia is responsible for the crafts. What is the Coordinating Center? If they want to shift the functions of conservation of fisheries to some Center - why is this necessary when we have a government Decree on this issue.
That is, the main task of the Meeting was to consider the Strategy and adopt it?
G.A. Yes something like that.
She was accepted, is she a “guide to action”?
G.A. As far as I know, the Minister and Deputy. The Minister's Strategy has not yet been signed. But in the Minutes of the Meeting it is written "accept".
What do you see as the role of the Association if the Strategy is adopted? Will the Association take on any other functions?
G.A. We have been carrying out these functions for 25 years without the Strategy. Even if this document is adopted, the planned activities to support the fisheries are too long in time, and it is necessary to act right now.
Isn't she a real plan of action?
G.A. Of course, this is not the kind of action plan that the industries need now. And we wrote about this to the Minister, but I'm not just saying that.
How do you see what needs to be done now?
G.A. Now we need to determine the needs in the main areas of industry and go to the Ministry, go to the Ministry of Finance, go to the Government, go to the President - they don’t need such large sums there - and ask that we have the opportunity to work with insurance premiums and energy resources for enterprises.
And what happens? 3 enterprises receive 50% of all subsidies. And 75 - get the remaining 50% of all. We have been talking about this for several years. Unfortunately, we are not being heard.
What are the priorities of the Association's work now?
G.A. Our priority now will be legislative work in the State Duma and the Federation Council. Ministry of Finance to reduce the tax burden, first of all, these are insurance premiums. Funds and opportunities must be found to enable businesses to survive in today's harsh environment.
Of course, exhibition activity.
Now we are developing a program for the development of tourism activities in the places of traditional crafts.
Gennady Aleksandrovich, thank you for the interview. Good luck to you in your work.
The guest of "SOYUZ" is the chairman of the board of the Association "Folk Artistic Crafts of Russia", Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Arts Gennady Drozhzhin.
Gennady Alexandrovich, let's get straight to the problems...
Gennady Drozhzhin: Russia today has already lost about forty crafts. Kirishi and Vyatka lace-making, Voronezh, Ivanovo and Korsun hand-made artistic weaving, Khludnev clay toys have practically disappeared ... The most difficult situation is in Gus-Khrustalny, where only a few craftsmen remain from a thousand-strong team. Difficult situation in Gzhel, Bogorodskoye, Kholui, Zhostovo, Fedoskino, Yelets. To support these oldest and world-famous enterprises, a unified state strategy should be developed. Last year, we introduced a number of important amendments to the law on folk art crafts. The main thing that has been achieved is that now it is forbidden to re-profil the enterprise. If the craftsmen made a lacquer miniature, then the new owner must also make a lacquer miniature, but, say, not coffins. Another important amendment concerns the reduction of insurance premiums for our enterprises. The fact is that in folk crafts the share of manual labor is very high - up to 60 percent. Together with high insurance premiums (they make up more than 30 percent), this places an unbearable burden on the economy of the fishery: it simply cannot withstand such a financial burden. We believe that the insurance premium should be equal to 14 percent.
What else gets in the way?
Gennady Drozhzhin: They tell us: you belong to the Ministry of Industry and Trade, let it deal with you. But exhibitions are already the prerogative of the Ministry of Culture. How to be? Further more. More than half of the crafts in the regions are under the jurisdiction of the departments of culture, industry, small business, tourism, archives ... It turns out, as in the old proverb: "Seven nannies have a child without an eye."
Kovrovskaya clay toy looks to the future with hope. Photo: Roman Shcherbenkov / RG
In other words: do the industries have no single leading center?
Gennady Drozhzhin: Yes, unfortunately it is. The industry needs a single regulatory central body. It could be, for example, the Council for Folk Artistic Crafts created under the Government of the Russian Federation.
What measures need to be taken urgently?
Gennady Drozhzhin: We urgently need a law on insurance premiums. Crafts are not only a special sphere of the spiritual and cultural life of the people, but also a branch of material production. Do you know what the average wage is in the industry? Less than 10 thousand rubles. More than two and a half times less than the average salary in Russia. And this is with such a huge amount of manual labor!
Can't survive without the help of the state?
Gennady Drozhzhin: Today it is scanty, no more than the cost of one football player who is bought abroad.
How will Russia's accession to the WTO affect the fisheries?
Gennady Drozhzhin: We have stone age equipment. I'm not talking about hands, about talents - they must remain in folk crafts. But ovens also need to be updated.
And why do folk crafts need advanced technologies?
Gennady Drozhzhin: Take porcelain: before the master depicts something on it, you need to buy clay, mix it, make a shape by hand, then put it in the oven three times. And our stove is 120 meters, it only needs to be heated for a week. And in the West, the stove is 20 meters, electricity is spent three times less. Imports simply put pressure on us in a number of positions - in porcelain, metal products, ceramics. And we will not survive if we do not carry out technical re-equipment.
Why do most fisheries not participate not only in international, but also in Russian exhibitions?
Gennady Drozhzhin: A huge number of small, low-income industries are located far from the center. Only last year they began to gradually go abroad. So, in London, all Khokhloma products and Pavlovo Posad shawls were sold out in an hour on the street. In Europe, after all, folk crafts are completely lost.
All over the world crafts are also an important component of tourism.
Gennady Drozhzhin: What is it about! Some enterprises have excellent museums, and they have shops or shops. For example, Dulevo and Verbilki with porcelain, Rostov enamel, Khokhloma... A special program should also be developed for the development of tourism in the areas of folk crafts. It is necessary to develop the infrastructure of the sales market. Now almost half of all handicraft products are sold in Moscow. Oh, if the mayor of Moscow opened at least a dozen stores - 50-100 square meters each - for the sale of handicrafts! Isn't it bitter to look at the ruins of souvenirs in the passages, on Sparrow Hills? Well, a foreigner will buy a product "under Gzhel", and tomorrow the nose of the teapot will fall off ... It seems like a trifle, but this "trifle" will be used to judge a great country.
The Russian writer Ivan Alexandrovich Rodionov left a mark on history not only as the author of literary works, but also as a monarchist and a member of the White movement. He was a political and public figure of the Russian emigration. The life and work of this extraordinary person will be discussed in the article.
Biography
Ivan Rodionov was born on 10/20/1866 in the village of Kamyshevskaya, which was then part of the Don Army region (now belongs to the Rostov region). His father was a landowner, a native of the Don Cossacks. In 1881-1884. Ivan was trained at the Elisavetgrad Cavalry School. Then, in 1884-1886, he was brought up in the Novocherkassk cadet Cossack school. He graduated from it in the first category and was released as a cornet.
Further, Ivan Rodionov served in the first and tenth Don Cossack regiments. As commander of the Cossack Hundred, he took part in the suppression of the workers' revolt in Borovichi. After his retirement, he became a zemstvo chief in the city and struck up a friendship with a neighbor on the estate of Mikhail Rodzianko, Bishop Hermogenes and Hieromonk Iliodor. He was introduced to the royal family.
Ivan Alexandrovich was a staunch monarchist. He advocated the complete expulsion of the Jewish people from the territory of Russia. He considered people's drunkenness to be the worst evil for the country. He said that Russia was dying for two reasons: because of the Jews and alcohol.
During the First World
Ivan Rodionov was a participant in the hostilities as a Cossack officer. From October 1915 he served at the headquarters of General Brusilov, commander of the Southwestern Front. Participated in the operation "Brusilovsky breakthrough", was awarded four military orders. At the same time, he was engaged in journalism, until October 1916 he was the editor of the "Army Bulletin" - the daily newspaper of the South-Western Front.
In 1917, Ivan Rodionov did not swear allegiance to the Provisional Government. In August, he took part in the Kornilov speech, for which he was later sent to prison in the city of Bykhov, Mogilev Region.
Civil War 1918-1922
When the Kornilovites were released, Rodionov returned to the Don and became a member of the Volunteer Army, in which he participated in the first Kuban campaign. In the same period, Ivan Alexandrovich published the newspapers Donskoy Krai and Sentry in Novocherkassk. In the last one, in January 1919, he published the Protocols of the Elders of Zion.
In November 1918, Ivan Rodionov participated in the monarchist congress, which was held in Rostov-on-Don. As a result, the man was elected a member of the South-Eastern Monarchist Committee, created with the aim of further promoting monarchist ideas and restoring the monarchy in Russia. At the request of General Wrangel in 1920, Rodionov organized the printing business in the south of the country.
Having completed the Civil War with the rank of colonel, Ivan Aleksandrovich emigrated from Russia.
Literary creativity
As a writer, Ivan Rodionov became known in 1909, after the publication of the story "Our Crime", which went through five editions during 1910. This work, on the initiative of Anatoly Koni, was even nominated for the Pushkin Prize. In 1911, Ivan Alexandrovich wrote the satirical epic Mother Moscow, in which he demonstrated the view of the Cossacks on Russian history. In the press, this work received negative reviews.
In 1922, Rodionov created the story of the Ice Campaign "Evening Sacrifices". In it, he described the cruelty of the Russian uprising and spoke of the people as "evil beasts" worthy only of "hedgehogs, a whip and a stick."
In 1937, the work "The Kingdom of Satan" was published, in which Ivan Rodionov called himself an anti-Semite and expressed admiration for Hitler's activities.
Family
The writer was married twice. The first wife, Nina Vladimirovna Anzimirova, was a theater artist. In marriage with her, Rodionov had two sons: Yaroslav in 1903 and Vladimir in 1905. The younger son later became a monk.
The second wife of Ivan Alexandrovich was Anna Alekseevna Kovanko. She bore him three children: son Svyatoslav born in 1909, son Hermogenes born in 1912. and daughter Sofia, born in 1916.
In exile
Having emigrated from Russia, the writer first lived in Yugoslavia, then moved to Germany, to Berlin, where he continued his active monarchist work. In 1923, Rodionov was assistant to the chairman of the monarchist association in Berlin. In April 1926 he was a delegate to the Russian Foreign Congress in Paris. In May 1938, he organized a meeting of Russian monarchists in Belgrade, at which he delivered a speech about the "monarchism of everything Russian."
