How to compose a syncwine based on history. How to compose a syncwine based on history, add your price to the database comment

Parents and teachers are concerned that children have stopped loving reading. But it is important not only to cultivate an interest in books, but also to teach them to analyze what they read. That is why in literature lessons, techniques aimed at developing critical thinking - for example, composing a syncwine - become especially relevant.

The essence of the methodological technique

Cinquain (senkan) is translated from French as “a poem of five lines.” Originally, the short rhyming work was a kind of American “answer” to Japanese haiku and tanka, invented in the 20th century by the poet Adelaide Crapsey. Sengkan was built according to a certain syllabic pattern: 2 in the first line, 4 in the second, 6 in the third, 8 in the fourth and 2 in the fifth. There were 22 syllables in total. In pedagogy, the structure of syncwine has become not syllabic, but semantic. It reflects the result of synthesis and analysis of this or that information, that is, each line meets certain requirements of the topic:

• 1st - word-concept (noun or pronoun in initial form);
• 2nd - two words describing qualities (adjectives or participles in the nominative case);
• 3rd - three words telling about actions associated with the concept (verbs or gerunds in the initial form);
• 4th - a sentence (4–5 words) reflecting the attitude towards the concept;
• 5th - a summary word that expresses the essence of the topic.

Sinkwine is an effective reflection tool that allows children to develop the following:

• the ability to briefly express the essence of a particular issue;
• systems thinking;
• analytic skills;
• respect for the word.

In addition, composing five-line unrhymed poems expands students' vocabulary and implements the principle of a creative approach to learning.

Why write a syncwine in a literature lesson?

Sinkwine can be used both when compiling notes for a literature lesson and at the stage of testing knowledge acquisition

Sinkwine is part of the technology of critical thinking, which is based on three stages of organizing the learning process:

• challenge (updating past experience, for example, checking homework);
• comprehension (contact with new information);
• reflection (consolidation of acquired knowledge).

Shinkan can be used at any of these stages. When used in a literature lesson, this method of organizing information helps:

• study the images of heroes (analyze the positive and negative aspects of the character, the motives of his actions);
• understand certain concepts (syncwine helps not only to interpret the term, but also to provide a specific example);
• understand the point of view of the author of the work and his contemporaries (what is duty, honor, morality, and so on).

Using a five-line poem composed by a child, a teacher can easily draw conclusions about the quality of learning the material, the depth of understanding of the problem, the degree of development of imaginative thinking and the gaps in knowledge that the student has.

Rules to help you make syncwine (with diagram, plan and example)

The syncwine scheme is simple and understandable to students of any level

An exciting and creative activity - composing a syncwine - teaches children to organize their thoughts. In order for the technique to meet the teacher’s expectations, it is necessary to clearly explain to students how senkan is done:

1. From a problem or a new body of information, one main word stands out.
2. The most appropriate definitions for the phenomenon are selected. These can be both real-life signs and associative ones (for example, Pushkin’s Onegin is dapper, that is, this characteristic is objective; curly-haired - by analogy with the author, who is often called the prototype of the character - an associative sign);
3. Then there are action words that describe the concept. It is desirable that these verbs are actually present in the text when working with a literary work.
4. To describe the concept, you need to come up with a short phrase. For elementary and middle school students, it can be a proverb or saying, but older students can write their own statement.
5. The compilation of the syncwine is completed by selecting a word that denotes a concept synonymous with the original one.

For example, the simplest senkan could be like this:

• BOOK
• Interesting, new
• Enrich, teach, distract
• Reading is the path to the world of images.
• Pleasure

Tips on how to compose senkan in a literature lesson (with examples)

With the help of syncwine it is very convenient to characterize a character’s image

Sinkwine can be used in lessons in any class. The teacher's task is to make the work feasible for children of different ages. Methodological recommendations for composing an unrhymed five-line poem can be divided into advice for elementary, middle and senior levels.

1–4 grades

In a primary school lesson, when compiling a senkan, you need to do the following:

• Together with the students, highlight the general concept - the first line;
• for the second and third lines, choose the first word collectively;
• give examples for the fourth line;
• in case of difficulties, help with the selection of a synonym or allow you to express the essence of the phenomenon not in one word, but in a phrase of two.

5–9 grades

At the middle level, it makes sense to give an alternative for the first word, since the psychological characteristics of children at this age determine the negative attitude of adolescents towards the lack of choice and can cause children to refuse to complete a task because of its “difficulty”. It is better for schoolchildren to work on lines 2 and 3 themselves: choosing words of these categories is not so difficult, it is almost impossible to make mistakes, but making an independent choice will increase the authority of the young poet in his own eyes. Finding the appropriate phrase and synonym for the original concept can be much more difficult. In this case, you need to start from the capabilities of a particular student: perhaps it makes sense to help the child or make this stage of compiling a syncwine a group one.

When compiling a syncwine in a lesson in primary school, the teacher is recommended to help a student experiencing difficulties

10–11 grades

At the senior level, the teacher may limit himself to suggesting the use of senkan to work on a particular literary work. Students can complete all stages of the work without outside help. At the same time, five-line poems can be used to compile a summary, and to analyze the character’s actions, and to evaluate the role of the hero in the system of the entire work.

Samples to help you compose a syncwine

A five-line poem without rhyme in a literature lesson can relate to different aspects of the course: both theoretical and practical. Theory includes familiarity with the conceptual apparatus. For example, kids need to learn what a fairy tale is:

• FAIRY TALE
• Magic, household
• Tell, listen, read
• A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it
• History (as an option - a magical story).

This is how the essence of other concepts can be expressed: poem, true story, story, and so on.

In the middle level, many lessons are devoted to getting to know the areas of literature. This could be an example of a syncwine based on one of them:

• ROMANTICISM
• Fictional, sentimental, tragic
• Add up, suffer, think
• Romanticism is the flowering of literature.
• Pushkin (this line can contain any name of a romantic writer).

In a similar way, one can imagine the trends of the Silver Age (Acmeism, Futurism), and the genre uniqueness of modern literature (free libre, tragifarce).

Younger schoolchildren can compose a syncwine collectively

As for the study of specific literary works, this is the most fertile ground for using the technique. For example, kids will remember Carlson’s characterization faster if they make up a syncwine during class:

• CARLSON
• Fat, kind, cheerful
• Play naughty, fly, calm down
• A man in his prime.
• Propeller

The study of characters in grades 5–9 is based on comparing the moral principles of different personality types. The task of the subject teacher is to show the children that a person is a tangle of contradictions that does not fit into the framework of only a positive or negative set of qualities.

• PECHORIN
• Young, seeking, extra
• Serve, love, die
• Pechorin is the image of Lermontov.
• Onegin (or Chatsky, representative of the galaxy of images of the “superfluous man”)

For high school students, images of writers are no less interesting:

• BULGAKOV
• Talented, sick, allegorical
• Ironize, be afraid, suffer
• Bulgakov is a genius of his time.
• Master

Sinkwine in a literature lesson is not only a great way to make students think and analyze, but also a technique that allows you to unleash the creative potential of the younger generation. In addition, the methodological features of using senkan in different classes make it possible to place it in first place among the universal methods of presenting material.

Your child at school was given a homework assignment to compose a syncwine, but you don’t know what it is? We invite you to understand together what syncwine is, what it is used for and how it is compiled? What is its benefit for schoolchildren and teachers? After which we will be able to independently write a short poem on any topic we like.

What is syncwine

A small poem, consisting of only 5 lines, without a clear rhyme, means the word cinquain. The term was first used by the American poet Adelaide Crapsey 100 years ago. While studying Japanese literature, she was so inspired by their haiku that she decided to create a new poetic form that consists of 5 lines, each containing a certain number of syllables. According to her theory, a traditional syncwine should consist of only 22 syllables: 2 of which are in the first line, 4 in the second, 6 in the third, 8 in the fourth and 2 in the fifth.

For the first time, this type of literature began to be put into practice in American schools. This is the so-called didactic syncane. It differs from other types of syncwines in that it does not require an accurate count of the syllables used in each line. It is based on the semantic load of each individual line.

Didactic, or as it is also called, classical syncwine, is built on the following principle:

• The first line consists of just one word. This can be a noun or a pronoun. It should indicate the theme of the work.
• Second line. Used to describe the properties of the main theme. These can be 2 participles or adjectives.
• The third one tells about the actions of the topic. To do this, use 3 gerunds or verbs.
• The fourth is the longest and consists of 4 words. Here the author needs to express his personal opinion regarding the topic of the verse.
• Fifth - consists of only 1 word, which can refer to any part of speech. This is a kind of summary of the text that reveals the essence of the topic.

This unrhymed short poem can touch on any topic. Another feature of didactic syncwine is that the author is allowed to deviate from the basic rules. For example, to write the main idea or summary, it is allowed to use a phrase or an entire phrase of several (3-5) words. You can use a compound predicate to describe an action.

How to write syncwine

Many schoolchildren liked this activity. After all, to write such a verse they do not need to have talent or special skills. It’s enough just to master the form of syncwine and, as they say, “feel it from the inside.”

Writing Instructions

1. The first line will be "Soap".
2. What is soap in a nutshell? Choose any two adjectives that first came to your mind. This may be a general concept (scented, foamy, etc.) or the author will come up with an image of the soap that he personally uses (fruit, liquid, etc.). Let’s say you get “yellow, fragrant.”
3. Here you need to select 3 actions. The child needs to be explained that this does not mean a specific action that an object is capable of, but also how others can influence it. For example, soap can not only foam in your hands or smell, it can cause tears if it gets into your eyes, slip out and fall on the floor. In addition, you can wash yourself with it. For example, you chose the following 3 verbs: “cleans, smells, bubbles.”
4. Now the author has to express his opinion on the subject. This does not only refer to the feelings and emotions that you may experience when thinking about this subject. Perhaps these are associations, something from personal life related to the subject, etc. For example, you remember how, as a child, your mother forced you to wash your hands before dinner or you fell on it after slipping. Or perhaps you brew it yourself at home. Now all that remains is to squeeze all these memories into 3-5 words. For example: “washes hands before eating,” etc.
5. The summary should consist of 1, maximum 2 words. To do this, once again carefully read what you managed to write and describe the image that appeared before you in one word. If this did not work out, answer the question - why was this item invented? What is its role in our lives? What property of an object can be considered the main one? Also, please note that the summary must be connected to the previous line. Therefore, if you wrote about hand washing, it would be advisable to conclude by talking about cleanliness or hygiene.

The resulting result

Now read your result:

Soap.

Yellow, fragrant.

Cleans, smells, bubbles.

Washes hands before eating.

Purity.

Thus, after practicing on something simple, you can move on to more serious things. Examples can be anything, just choose a topic from what surrounds us.

Now it’s clear how to do a syncwine in literature, history or any other school subject. For children, this can become a kind of “creative break”. And the teacher will be able, based on the poem compiled by the student, to determine the degree of his understanding of a particular topic.

Video instruction

Cinquain is a five-line poetic form that emerged in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century under the influence of Japanese poetry. Later it began to be used (lately, since 1997, in Russia) for didactic purposes, as an effective method of developing figurative speech, which allows you to quickly get results. A number of methodologists believe that syncwines are useful as a tool for synthesizing complex information, as a snapshot for assessing students’ conceptual and vocabulary knowledge.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the American poet Adelaide Crapsey developed the form of syncwine, based on her acquaintance with Japanese syllabic miniatures haiku and tanka. The cinquains were included in her posthumous collection of poems, published in 1914 and reprinted several times.

Synquain functions

Cinquains perform two important functions: they help teachers test children’s knowledge and save time, which is never too much. Such a poem allows teachers to exercise control over children, because no one will be able to express the essence in a few lines if they have not been familiar with the necessary material.

Sinkwine from a pedagogical point of view

Writing a syncwine is a form of free creativity that requires the author to be able to find the most significant elements in information material, draw conclusions and formulate them briefly. In addition to the use of syncwines in literature lessons and (for example, to summarize a completed work), it is also practiced to use a syncwine as a final assignment on the material covered in any other discipline.

Ease of construction

The simplicity of constructing syncwine makes it one of the effective methods for developing a preschool child, which allows you to quickly get results. In particular, getting to know the very concept of a word and expanding your vocabulary to more effectively express your thoughts.

Formation of analytical abilities

Compiling a syncwine, a short summary based on large amounts of information, is useful for developing the ability to analyze. Unlike a school essay, a syncwine requires less time, although it has more rigid boundaries in the form of presentation, and its writing requires the compiler to realize almost all of his personal abilities (intellectual, creative, imaginative). Thus, the procedure for compiling a syncwine allows you to harmoniously combine elements of all three main educational systems: informational, activity-based and personality-oriented.

Variability

Various variations for composing syncwine contribute to the diversified composition of tasks.

In addition to independently (as well as in a pair, in a group) compiling a new syncwine, the following options are possible:

• compiling a short story based on a ready-made syncwine (using words and phrases included in the syncwine);
• correction and improvement of finished syncwine;
• analysis of an incomplete syncwine to determine the missing part (for example, a syncwine is given without indicating the topic - without the first line, it is necessary to determine it based on the existing ones).

How to make a syncwine?

Sinkwine is divided into several varieties, each of which has certain composition rules.

Crapsey came up with the traditional form of composing a pentaline, where the work included 22 syllables and had a structure like this: 2 - 4 - 6 - 8 - 2, where the number indicates the number of syllables in each line.

The didactic form of syncwine began to be used to teach American schoolchildren. It differs from other five-line verses in that it is not the observance of the syllable structure that is important, but the semantic information of the lines.

The classic traditional syncwine is composed as follows:

• The first line is the topic, noun or pronoun;
• The second line is two adjectives or participles, they briefly characterize the topic, describing it;
• The third line is three words of verbs or gerunds that reveal the action;
• The fourth line is the author’s opinion about the topic being described in four words;
• The fifth line is the final line, the essence of the topic, consisting of one word and any part of speech.

Of course, these are the general basics of writing a syncwine that you should try to adhere to. But small adjustments can be made if the meaning of the poem benefits from it. To prevent a five-line text from turning out to be a jumbled collection of words, it is allowed to increase the words in a line or replace parts of speech, and so on. The main thing is that as a result the author creates an interesting creation with important information.

Let's try to understand step by step how to write a non-rhyming poem using the word “book”.

1 line

Line 1 is the topic, which means the word “book” is the finished starting line of our poem. But books are different, what characteristics should we give them? To do this, you need to specify the topic (in this case, the book). Let's move on to the second line.

2 line

Line 2 gives a description of the subject (topic). What do you think of when you hear the word “book”? Everyone has their own associations, for example:

• Electronic, paper;
• Interesting, fascinating, with pictures and illustrations;
• Boring, technical, with formulas and diagrams;
• Old, ancient, with notes in the margins.

The list can be very long and there is no definitely correct definition, since everyone has their own first perception when pronouncing a word. Some people imagine their favorite children’s book, others a hefty tome in their father’s office, others an abstract image in the form of store shelves with many creations. You need to write what seems to be related to “your” book.

For example:

• bright, colorful;
• boring, instructive;
• historical, interesting.

From the second line the character of our book is already clearly presented.

3 line

Line 3 should describe the action. What actions generally happen with the book? It is composed, written, published, sold, on the shelf, and so on. But it would be more correct to describe the actions in relation to the author: captivates, puts you to sleep, makes you bored, teaches, tells, makes you worry. The choice of characterizing verbs depends on the description given. Let’s say that the boring, moralizing line in the second line cannot captivate or awaken the imagination in the third.

When writing the third line, the main rule is to stick to the image that has already been created. You also need to monitor the use of cognate words; if the book was described as interesting, then you should not characterize the action that interests it. The result will be a transfusion of “water”. It is better to use a word with a similar meaning: an interesting book captivates.

4 line

Line 4 of the pentaverse implies an expression of personal attitude towards the topic (book). As a rule, this line is the most difficult to formulate. Schoolchildren are constantly taught that thoughts must be expressed directly and unambiguously: I love to read, I find books useful and moralizing. In practice, syncwine does not require an assessment and implies a free interpretation. You need to determine what is most important in relation to you and your life related to books.

For example:

• I hate sitting with a book;
• learned to read at age five;
• I have a lot of books at home.

If the imagination pictures deforestation to produce paper for books, then there may be the following formulations:

• published a book - destroyed a tree;
• books made of paper - a planet without trees.

That is, an expression of personal attitude towards books in a clear and understandable form. If it is difficult to immediately compose a short, succinct phrase, then you can write your thought in free form, not counting the number of words, and then decide how to reduce it to the required size. For example: “I love reading historical novels and can sit over a book all night until the morning.”

As a result, the shortened version will look like:

• I read all night long;
• I’ll read the whole book before morning;
• a book in your hands - a dream is at your doorstep.

5 line

Line 5 is the final line, its task is to summarize the entire work in one word. First you need to write the resulting four lines and read them. This is an almost finished unrhymed poem.

Let’s say you remember children’s works:

• Bright, fabulous.
• Entertains, fascinates, lulls.
• Mom read it before bed.

To formulate the main idea of ​​the syncwine, you need to draw a conclusion from the resulting work: “I remember how, as a child, I liked it when my mother read bedtime stories.” Most likely, the final word will already be contained in the final phrase. In this case, the word “childhood” would be appropriate.

Example from social studies

How to compose a syncwine for social studies? Nothing could be simpler. You just need to have a good understanding of the topic, and then everything will work out. Let's look at an example.

Individual.

Smart, unique.

Lives, breathes, works.

Society consists of individuals.

How to write such a poem on biology?

First, you need to listen carefully to the teacher in class.

Artiodactyls.

Beautiful, leisurely.

They graze, reproduce, sleep.

Artiodactyls feed on plants.

Trushina Svetlana Yurievna
Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution
Secondary General Education Cadet Cossack School
Transbaikal region, Nerchinsky district, village. Znamenka
Compiling syncwines
Target
Familiarization with syncwine as one of the ways to become interested in a subject and test the learned material in class.
Tasks
Teach the techniques and rules for composing syncwines.
Show the variety of options for composing syncwines

SINQWAIN is a poetic form of presenting a large amount of educational information in brief terms.
SYNCWAIN is a short, precise, concise description of an object or phenomenon, allowing the student to generalize, synthesize educational material, develop creative abilities, and enrich conceptual “baggage”.
To compose a syncwine, a student must be able to find the most important things in the educational material, draw conclusions and express everything in a concise form.
This means that the author of the syncwine must have deep knowledge of the topic, have his own opinion on it and express it according to certain rules.
Step 1.
Let's get acquainted with the concept of syncwine on Wikipedia.
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD
Step 2.
For lessons we need a didactic syncwine.
An example of a didactic syncwine.

Step 3.
Goals of syncwine in the lesson:
Relieving emotional stress.
Development of activity and independence.
Formation of cognitive interest.
Development of emotional passion for the subject.
Enrichment of vocabulary.
Creating a situation of success.
Step 4.
Now let’s try to compose a syncwine on any musical theme.
For the main topic, let's take the word music.
Step 5.
Options for adjectives are passionate, exciting, tender, courageous.
Let's choose - gentle, captivating.
Step6.
Verbs denoting action. For example, it is born, heard, calls, beckons, develops.
Let's choose - it is born, beckons, calls
Sh ag.7
A short sentence.
Options - music sinks into the soul, music and poetry are inseparable, music is the main achievement of humanity.
Let's choose offer 3.
Step 8
A synonym for the keyword: art, eternity, inspiration. composition.
Let's choose - eternity
Step 9
This is what we got.
Music
gentle, captivating
is born, beckons, calls
music is the main achievement of humanity
eternity.
Step 10
Let's look at some options for syncwines for some academic subjects in pictures.

Step 11
Examples from other lessons.
.Mathematics.
.educational, great.
count, think, think
mathematics-queen of sciences
arithmetic.

Halogens
Simple, strong
Form, manifest, react
Birth salts
Elements.

Physics.
Necessary, interesting.
Explores, develops, helps to think.
Physics is the science of nature.
Laws.

Biology
natural, descriptive
classifies, describes, examines
studies all aspects of life
the science

Physical Culture
therapeutic, adaptive
forms, develops, strengthens
aimed at preserving and strengthening health
sport

Relief
Mountain, flat
Formed, transformed, influenced
Set of irregularities
surface

Literature
ancient, educational
gives knowledge, helps, teaches
many people love this item
Knowledge

Step 12
Cinquains can be on different school topics.

Step 13
Topics can be very diverse.
1.Life.
2. Active, stormy.
3.Educates, develops, teaches.
4.Gives you the opportunity to realize yourself.
5.Art.

1. Future.
2. Happy, rich.
3. Think, work, create.
4. You have to build the future yourself.
5. Happiness.

1.Future.
2. Information, interplanetary.
3. Anticipate, predict, worry.
4. We need to think about the future
5.Unknown

1.family
2.great friendly
3.love care live
4.all together under one roof
5. cell of society

1.Love.
2. Fabulous, fantastic.
3. Comes, inspires, runs away.
4. Only a few people know how to hold it.
5 Dream.

1. FRIENDSHIP
2.strong, faithful
3. unites, supports, treats
4. Friendship is a great power
5.consent

1.Piano.
2.Black, sonorous.
3. He yearned, laughed, thundered.
4.Could sing about a person and about love.
5.Live

1 Song
2.folk, pop
3. include, accompany, perform
4.poetic text with a simple melody
5.vocal music

1 Fairy tale.
2 Wise, mysterious.
3. Conjures, interests, teaches.
4 In it, good defeats evil.
5 Sorceress.

Step 14
Cinquains

SINQWINE is an effective technique for developing critical thinking.

Author: Barteneva Nadezhda Nikolaevna. MKOU Secondary School No. 1, Makaryev.
In my practice, I include writing syncwines in my lesson plans.
This form arose in America at the beginning of the 20th century. In Russia, it began to be used for didactic purposes as a fairly effective method for developing figurative speech.
Cinquain (from the French cinquains, English cinquain) is a creative work that has the short form of a poem consisting of five unrhymed lines.
Types of syncwines
There are two types of syncwines - traditional and didactic.
I use didactic syncwine in my work.
Didactic syncwine is composed mainly according to its meaning.
Cinquain is not a simple poem, but a poem written according to the following rules:
Line 1 – one noun expressing the main theme of the syncwine.
Line 2 – two adjectives expressing the main idea.
Line 3 – three verbs describing actions within the topic.
Line 4 is a phrase that carries a certain meaning - an aphorism with which you need to express your attitude to the topic. Such an aphorism can be a catchphrase, quotation, proverb, or a phrase composed by the student himself in context with the topic.
Line 5 – conclusion in the form of a noun (association with the first word), expresses the personal attitude of the author of the syncwine to the topic.
Strict adherence to the rules for writing syncwine is not necessary. For example, to improve the text, you can use three or five words in the fourth line, and two words in the fifth line. It is possible to use other parts of speech.
The shape of syncwine resembles a Christmas tree

Examples of syncwines
№1

№2

№3

№4

№5

What is its effectiveness and significance?
Firstly, its simplicity. Anyone can make a cinquain.
Secondly, in composing a syncwine, every child can realize his creative and intellectual capabilities.
Sinkwine is a gaming technique.
Compiling a syncwine is used as the final task for the material covered.
Compilation of syncwine is used for reflection, analysis and synthesis of the information received