A woman with the highest position in the government of Bashkiria told KP why there are so few doctors in Bashkiria, how to raise a child and who in her family bakes pancakes best
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When the interview had just begun, Dina (D.) entered, the daughter of Liliya Gumerova (L.G.). The girl is a graduate, she completed 11 classes and just passed the next Unified State Exam.
- Dina, did your mother often help you with your homework?
(D.) - Yes, it was like that until the ninth grade.
- And then - herself?
(D.) - Myself... (sighs)
- Liliya Salavatovna, did you at least help your daughter prepare for exams?
I only helped by hiring a tutor. It seems like we went through the Unified State Exam normally.
You are fine. What about the republic? Scandal after scandal. Children are left without certificates because they post assignments on the Internet. They even want to install cell phone jammers in classrooms.
(L.G.) - Why are we always looking for how to tighten control? I'm not a fan of this. Maybe it’s better to think about how to interest the guys, raise the culture so that they don’t write off. These are children, they can make mistakes. We analyzed the situation: almost everyone who posted kimas were students from the region. Who is a medalist, who is an Olympian. By the way, there was not a single case in Ufa - which means they did a good job and explained it correctly.
Almost all parents are faced with extortions at schools: a thousand for repairs, five hundred for a gift... Have you gone through this yourself?
(L.G.) - My child studies in a regular school, across the street from home. But we also rent out the school for renovation.
(D.) – I wouldn’t say that they ask for large sums, but it’s in no way comparable to those in some gymnasiums. I personally communicate with students of some elite schools: five thousand for repairs, three thousand for a holiday, and so on ad infinitum.
(L.G.) - Yes, collecting funds from parents is a relevant and pressing topic. This year, when at the board of the Ministry of Education I asked the question: why, starting from kindergarten, do we collect 3-10 thousand for graduation balls, why did the school graduation turn into a restaurant feast, in no way reminiscent of a celebration of youth, there was dead silence in the hall . But many of our problems come from the fact that we know all this, but remain silent, afraid to raise the issue.
Liliya Salavatovna, everyone ends up handing over the money for repairs, but the schools are still closed. This often happens in the regions: there is a good new building, but children are forced to travel far away.
(L.G.) - Each case must be analyzed separately. There is no goal to simply close the school. The main problem is there are not enough children. And if the building is designed for five hundred people, and there are five children there. We cannot hire fifteen teachers for five children. There will be good demographics, there will be children - there will be new schools. As for primary schools, we, on the instructions of the president, are maintaining them everywhere. This is strictly monitored.
- But excesses still happen.
(L.G.) - I don’t think there is a system of excesses. In some cases, we looked into it and actually changed the decision. For example, in one of the districts, a decision was made to close a school. There were not enough children, and the dining room did not meet the requirements. The whole village gathered, they found a sponsor, put everything in order, and took the children into foster care while still in the orphanage. And that's it - school remains. There is no need to think that everything is decided from above. Today, parents themselves must become active participants in the learning process. It’s easier to give money and go on strike, but it’s more difficult to take part in resolving issues.
Your first place of work was a school in Uchaly. You worked there as a psychologist. Don't you miss your first job? She was calmer.
(L.G.) - I won’t say that she is calmer. At that time there was no understanding at all of what a psychologist was. When I arrived, psychological services in schools were just emerging. Everyone perceived us as magicians - I talked to the child for three minutes and please - he does not commit a crime, he studies well, and so on. Or vice versa: “My child went to a psychologist, is he crazy?”
We had 1,500 students and one psychologist for all. We had to start somewhere. The first parent meeting I developed was called “Love Your Children.” I read everything and everyone and realized that the main omission of Soviet pedagogy was that it was impossible to love your children. You couldn’t say: “You’re good, you’ll succeed.” Therefore, a lot of unloved children grew up, and they became the same parents. And I told you what it means to pat a child on the head for three minutes and have a heart-to-heart talk. And you know - it helped!
- Do you often have the opportunity to come to your native Uchaly on an unofficial visit?
(L.G.) - Just visiting, alas, rarely. But I try to climb Iremel once a year with my family and friends.
I met my husband on the train
How do you generally distribute responsibilities in your family? Do you have, as officials say, a provision on the distribution of powers?
(L.G.) - I have a sister, she has three children and she lives nearby. One day she came to us with the kids and said: “You know Dean, when our parents left, your mother started cleaning the apartment, clearly distributing responsibilities.” And Dina answers her: “Aunt Zulya, she chose the wrong profession, she should have headed a cleaning company.”
Now I only have Sunday off, and I try to devote it to creative unity. But when I had two days off, Saturday morning always began with general cleaning.
(D.) - I hated this day. I thought, “Why Saturday, why not Friday night?”
- Okay, who cooks dinner for you most often?
(L.G.) - Well, probably our dad. I'm only on weekends.
(D) - And I’m on holidays. All sorts of pastes.
(L.G.) - Dinochka is generally an expert in pastes. She even knows how to make creamy sauce. And I'm a soup specialist. They are not very exotic: rassolnik, borscht, noodles, buckwheat soup. This is my element, I find it very useful. Without agreeing, we came to the conclusion that at home we would eat simple food: for example, we don’t make puff salads at all. Soup is soup: here is the meat, here are the vegetables. And I always made manna cakes from baked goods.
(D) - Charlotte!
(L.G.) - Yes, and charlotte. And my husband bakes pancakes very well. I like that he does not divide responsibilities into male and female. With us, everything happens spontaneously: whoever came first cooks, whoever is less tired washes the dishes.
- And where did you meet such a good husband?
(L.G.) - (shyly) On the train. I was a very strict girl, my classmates tell me that they were afraid to even approach me. Although I can’t say that I sat at textbooks all the time: I grew up in sports, I constantly went to various events. And then it was autumn, September 14th. Why did they remember: on the unlucky 13th, my future husband Rakhimyan could not go home to Uchaly, I had to wait for the next train. A young man comes up to me and says: “Hello, Lilya! Don't you recognize me? And he extends his hand to me. She might have answered sharply, but here she knows my name...
It turned out that this was a trick. He learned my name from our mutual friend and performed this performance.
But I had very strict rules - I didn’t give out my phone number or address. She only said that I was studying at a pedagogical university. So he went around all the dormitories, looking for all the Lils. True, for some reason I didn’t find it. But we met him for the second time on the train about two months later. He now works in the bailiff service.
- How does he feel about the fact that you are a deputy prime minister, and, judging by your declarations, your salary is higher?.
(L.G.) - Yes, we don’t have such problems in our family. On the contrary, they feel more sorry for me. They help psychologically.
(D.) - And dad is also a little indignant that he is simply written down in mom’s phone as Rakhimyan.
- How is she doing with him?
(D.) - “Beloved.”
- Dina, have you seen your mother’s boss?
The President? Yes! I went snowboarding, stood in line for the lift and almost fell - it was uncomfortable. A man stood in front of me wearing glasses. He saw my suffering and let me go ahead. I took a closer look - it’s the president! I thought everything was closed for him, but he skates with everyone else and even stands in line.
Your position is essentially a firing squad. You can work 12 or 20 hours a day, but there will still be a lot of dissatisfied people. How do you cope with stress?
(L.G.) - My husband was born and raised in the village, he loves concerts and national performances. And I definitely go to the bathhouse once a week, it’s sacred. When I have the opportunity to build a house, I will definitely do it, and there will certainly be a bathhouse there.
- Rafting, mushroom hunting?
(D.) (a little upset)– This opportunity is not provided.
(L.G.) - Well, why, we went out once before, remember? We didn’t find a single mushroom, but we did have photographs, as if we were such mushroom pickers. Well, my sister’s kids also help us out: seven-year-old twins and a fourteen-year-old boy. They either drag us out to the river or just come to us.
- Garden? Country house?
(L.G.) – We have only been living in Ufa for five years, and there is no garden or dacha yet. Perhaps in the future...
- What is your daily routine?
I don’t get up very early, around 6.30, and do exercises right away.
(D.) - Exercise? I've never seen it!
(L.G.) - So you’re still sleeping at this time. My husband and I wake her up together; she has a very hard time getting up. Previously, when I worked in Uchaly, I got up at five, maximum at six. At half-past seven we had already started operating. And now at eight or half past eight I try to be at work. Only in the morning there is time to see my husband and child. Because when I arrive at half past eleven at night, she is already asleep.
Left the doctors - return the money
Let's talk about medicine. Where do our doctors go? The medical university graduates hundreds of specialists every year, but there is no one to work in the clinics.
(L.G.) - Currently the republic lacks 2,300 doctors. We analyzed the situation: five years after graduating from university, only 30% of doctors who received education in the target field remain in the profession. It’s painfully offensive when I see that, having a doctor’s diploma, a person works in a completely different specialty. Why did we spend public money? Why did he occupy someone's budget position for so many years? The problem needs to be solved in a comprehensive manner: informal career guidance, connection of students of medical classes with the medical university and, of course, the system of distribution and work needs to be returned. And if a person leaves the profession, return the money spent on his training.
- Do people recognize you on the street? Neighbors, in the store?
(L.G.) - Well, the neighbors, I think, already know, although I don’t have a single neighbor who is an official. But it happens in a store or at a concert, yes. They come up with requests. I can’t just get up and leave, so I try to take the coordinates and tell them where to go.
The hardest thing is for my mother. She lives in the village and worked as a kindergarten teacher for forty years. People constantly come to her with requests: both regarding medical matters and other complex issues. I try to help as much as possible, but, unfortunately, it doesn’t always work out.
- History knows not many female politicians; which of them is a role model for you?
(L.G.) - There are a lot of successful women in politics: Matvienko, Nabiullina - our fellow countrywoman, if on a global scale - Angela Merkel and a lot of others. But I don’t have the feeling that “I want to be like...”. I think this is more of a collective image; for me it is important to remain a woman and not to be told “oh, a woman - that’s why I couldn’t cope.” But being a mother, a wife is more difficult. Still, more everyday issues fall on the woman.
It seems to me that in politics and in business a woman should always remain a woman. A truly smart woman will never prove her superiority, she will simply skillfully use her mind, intelligence, emotionality and will help a man. And if you start to prove that you are smarter, that’s all. I believe that we need to love men, see them as worthy partners, and then everything will work out for us.
BLITZ SURVEY
- Favorite book?
I have a book like this, I don’t even know who the author is, this page was torn out. It's called "We're all from Bullerby." I read it and it was as if I fell back into childhood. And among the authors close to me, I would like to mention my fellow countryman Talkha Giniyatullin. You read and literally recognize the vivid images of ordinary village residents of the Uchalinsky district, their problems, the interweaving of destinies. Everything is very familiar and close... In general, now you have to read reports more, and it takes a lot of time to analyze them.
- Favorite performer?
Vysotsky. Since the seventh grade I have been in love with his work.
- Is there something that few people know about you?
I'm afraid of heights, my head is even spinning. If I stand on a stepladder at home, I ask my husband to support me. I also dive into the ice hole every year.
- Favorite subject at school?
I liked the story and the teacher was very good.
NOTE TO THE HOSTESS
Buckwheat soup from Lilia Gumerova
Take the meat you like. You can have chicken, you can have lamb. I like beef. And if you don’t have time, just take some meatballs. If it’s broth, then boil the meat, strain it, and put it on. If the meatballs are salted, the meatballs are boiling.
Next, take a little buckwheat - as much as you would put in the soup, for example. Then diced potatoes. Stew a little onion, a few pickles and two tomatoes in a frying pan. Place all this in a saucepan. Add herbs.
When I serve it, I put a slice of lemon and sour cream on each plate.
If you try really hard, you can cook it in 30 minutes!
First Deputy Chairman of the Federation Council Committee on Science, Education and Culture; representative from the executive body of state power of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
Education:
1994 Bashkir State Pedagogical Institute, teacher of pedagogy and psychology, educator.
2005 Bashkir Academy of Public Service and Management under the President of the Republic of Bashkortostan, lawyer.
Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences.
Positions held:
Since 2014, Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation; representative from the executive body of state power of the Republic of Bashkortostan. First Deputy Chairman of the Committee on Science, Education and Culture.
2012-2014 Deputy Prime Minister of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
2011-2012 Deputy Chairman of the State Assembly - Kurultai of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
2010-2011 Commissioner for Children's Rights in the Republic of Bashkortostan.
2007-2010 Head of the Department of Social Development, Health, Labor and Employment of the Population of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan;
2001-2007 Administration of the city of Uchaly and Uchaly district; Category I specialist - deputy head for social issues
Since 1994, Secondary School No. 10 (Uchaly); educational psychologist, psychology teacher.
The situation was artificially politicized, and the teaching of the Bashkir language as the state language is still carried out in the schools of the republic, says Liliya Gumerova. Her opinion was published by fedpress.ru.
After the topic of the voluntary nature of teaching national languages began to be actively discussed in society, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation really studied this issue very carefully, and developed a methodology for teaching the state languages of the republics, according to which the variable part of the curriculum provides for the possibility of two hours a week for voluntary study of the state language of the republics, - said Liliya Gumerova. - Thus, these issues will be settled normatively and methodologically. And here I completely and completely agree with Mikhail Viktorovich Babich that the decisions taken take into account the entire diversity of the interethnic structure of Russia and create the necessary conditions both for the full study of the Russian language and for the preservation and development of the languages of the peoples of Russia. Despite the fact that the plenipotentiary representative of the President of the Russian Federation spoke on this issue in Kazan, in relation to the Tatar language, this topic is relevant both for Bashkortostan and for other national republics of the country. Preservation of language, preservation of native languages, especially on the territory of national republics, is a very important, delicate issue. And here, really, you need to approach it with understanding and not be led by people and groups who want to earn dubious political capital on this topic.
The issues of teaching the Bashkir language as a native and state language in the Republic of Bashkortostan have been streamlined, the senator believes. - The opinion of the students’ parents is taken into account. Today, these issues are under the control of the head of Bashkortostan, Rustem Khamitov, who recently signed a decree on measures to improve the study of state and native languages, with appropriate funding and grants.
Liliya Gumerova draws attention to the fact that in addition to legislative regulation, a very important aspect in this work is the quality of language teaching.
The main problem is how the language is taught, she explained. - The methodology that exists today does not quite correspond to the realities of the time. This should be a set of programs that would help preserve the language and carefully pass it on from generation to generation through language teaching, through the creation of amateur art groups and theatrical activities. We need to start teaching the language with qualitatively new approaches. We need teachers who don’t have to force children into their lessons. And today there are many examples when teachers revised the methodology, introduced innovations into it, and invested their soul and heart. As a result, the children enjoyed learning the language and attending lessons.
Liliya Gumerova also reminds us of the quality of textbooks:
When I was still working as Deputy Prime Minister in the republic, a group of our teachers and scientists and I began work on a textbook of the Bashkir language, on electronic textbooks of the Bashkir language that would combine Russian, English, Bashkir languages, with dialogues and illustrations, with certain approaches. The problem is indeed very deep, but, nevertheless, culture should unite us, and not separate us, and language, any language - Russian, Tatar, Bashkir should unite. This is the level of our common culture. And how much we respect each other, the republic in which we live, its traditions, depends, of course, on our future!
Subjects:M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin: “If I fall asleep and wake up in a hundred years and they ask me what is happening in Russia now, I will answer: they drink and steal.” “I wanted something: either a constitution, or stellate sturgeon with horseradish, or to rip someone off.” “In all countries, railways are used for transportation, and in our country, moreover, they are used for theft.” “When and what bureaucrat was not convinced that Russia is a pie that you can freely approach and snack on?” “The Russian government must keep its people in a constant state of amazement.” “It’s nothing that in Europe they give one fifty dollars for our ruble; it will be worse if they start punching us in the face for our ruble.” “If in Holy Rus' a person begins to be surprised, then he will be dumbfounded in surprise and so stand like a pillar until death.” “The severity of Russian laws is mitigated by the optionality of their implementation.” “Well, it’s not like that with us, brother. Not only would they eat our apples, but they would also break off all our branches! The other day Uncle Sofron walked past a mug of kerosene - and he drank it all!” “We have no middle ground: either the snout or the hand!” “No, apparently, there are corners in God’s world where all times are transitional.” “Mon cher,” Krutitsyn used to say, “divide everything equally today, and tomorrow inequality will still come into its own.” "Alas! Not even a quarter of an hour had passed, and it already seemed to me that now was the perfect time to drink vodka.” “Nowadays, Mama, even without a husband is the same as living with a husband. Nowadays they laugh at the prescriptions of religion. We reached the bush, got married under the bush - and it was done. They call it a civil marriage.” “In order to steal successfully, you only need to have agility and greed. Greed is especially necessary because petty theft can lead to prosecution.” “Words that were completely unimportant were printed in large letters, and everything important was depicted in the smallest font.” “Every ugliness has its decency.” “The purpose of issuing laws is twofold: some are issued for the greater nations and countries of the dispensation, others - so that legislators do not become stagnant in idleness.” “The young lady is asked whether to wash their neck for a large or small neckline.” “Introduce education with moderation, avoiding bloodshed whenever possible.” “Idiots are generally very dangerous, and not even because they are necessarily evil, but because they are alien to all considerations and always go ahead, as if the road on which they find themselves belongs to them alone.” “A loan,” he explained to Kolya Persianov, “is when you don’t have money... you know? There is no money, and suddenly - click! - they are! - However, mon cher, what if they demand payment? - Kolya lisped. - Oddball! You don't even understand such a simple thing! You have to pay - well, and again a loan! Another payment - another loan! Nowadays all states live like this!” “Stupid, in the rough sense of the word, could not be called Strunnikov, but he was only smart enough that, as they say, he did not eat tallow candles and did not wipe himself with glass.” “A lie is hidden in talkativeness, and lies, as we know, are the mother of all vices.” “One receives another and thinks: “With what pleasure I would throw you, a hen’s son, out the window, if only ...” - and the other sits and also thinks: “With what pleasure I would spit on you, vile fawn, in person, if only..." Imagine that this "if only" did not exist - what an exchange of thoughts would suddenly occur between the interlocutors! “Those who think that only those minnows can be considered worthy citizens who, mad with fear, sit in holes and tremble, believe incorrectly. No, these are not citizens, but at least useless minnows.” “The words “not noticed in anything” already contain a whole reputation, which in no way will allow a person to plunge without a trace into the abyss of absolute obscurity.” “Many people tend to confuse two concepts: “Fatherland” and “Your Excellency.” “It’s scary when a person speaks and you don’t know why he’s talking, what he’s saying and whether he’ll ever finish.” “Talent in itself is colorless and acquires color only in application.”
