Despite the different ones. How to write regardless

The Russian language is rightfully considered difficult to learn, because where else can you see such a variety of spelling norms, rules and exceptions? And for foreigners, the most difficult topic is prepositions. In fact, the spelling rules are quite simple, you just need to remember which ones are written together or separately, and which ones are written with a hyphen.

The problem arises later when a homonymous part of speech (for example, a noun with a preposition) is placed next to it, the spelling of which is radically different. The most striking example of such a “neighborhood” is the preposition “despite” and the homonymous gerund “despite”. Let's figure out when a turn is written together and when separately.

Spelling of the preposition “despite”

Preposition "despite" used in the meaning of concession. It can be replaced with the following synonyms: “in spite of”, “contrary”, “not taking into account”. Accordingly, the simplest way to help determine whether it is a preposition is to mentally replace the phrase with any other equivalent. For example:

Despite the rain, I went for a walk with the dog.
In spite of the rain I went for a walk with the dog.

You can also try asking a question about this phrase. In Russian, prepositions are auxiliary parts of speech, which means it will be impossible to ask them a question. For example:

Despite ( for what?) no matter what they continued to go towards their goal.
Despite ( for what?) in bad weather the animals asked to go outside.

And also a sure sign that the phrase in front of us is a verbal preposition is its invariability. We cannot omit the prefix "not". For example:

They felt comfortable with each other, despite the fact that they had not seen each other for so many years.
They were comfortable with each other despite that that they haven't seen each other for so many years.
She set aside a few minutes to talk, despite her workload.
She took a few minutes to talk, looking at workload.

As you can see, when we omit the prefix, the whole meaning of the sentence is lost.

It is very important to remember that the phrase with the preposition “despite” always separated by commas. If it is at the beginning or end of a sentence, then the comma is placed on one side, if in the middle - on both sides.

Spelling the participle “in spite of”

The participle “in spite of” is used in its direct meaning, that is, literally “without looking at something.” Accordingly, it can be replaced in the sentence synonymous phrase “without looking”. For example:

I typed the text of the report without looking at the screen.
I typed the text of the report, not looking to the screen.

Since the gerund is not a functional part of speech, you can ask the question about it: “Doing what?” or “Having done what?”, thereby determining that this phrase is not a verbal preposition “despite.”

I talked about my discovery, ( doing what?) despite the commission.
Friends shared news among themselves, ( doing what?) despite the others.

The participle is also additional action to the main verb, therefore, there is one more way to distinguish it from a preposition. It is necessary to find the main verb and correlate it with the phrase. For example:

You can also omit the particle “not” from the participle - then the meaning of the sentence will be reversed. For example:

The children ran around the yard without looking around.
The children were running around the yard, depending on both sides.

The participle is always written separately with the negative particle “not” and is always separated by commas: if the phrase is at the beginning or end of the sentence, then it is separated by a comma on only one side, if in the middle - on both sides.

Both spellings are correct, but the meanings of the words are completely different.

Right

Despite– is written together when the word means “without paying attention” and is, in this case, a preposition. Synonyms for this word are in spite of, in spite of, despite.
Despite this, Leonid continued to do his job.
Despite this, the head of the department, after assessing the situation, made the right decision.
Even though it was raining, I went outside
He continues to work despite the pain in his hands
Despite everything, we moved forward
Despite the weather conditions, work continued

Despite– is written separately when the word “with the eyes” (without looking with the eyes) can be added to the sentence, i.e. We are talking about the direct process of perceiving reality through the eyes. In this case, the word “looking” is a gerund, which is written separately with the particle “not”.
Olga walked across the bridge despite this bottomless miracle of nature.
He crossed the road without looking both ways
Despite looking out the window, I know it's raining outside
I can walk here regardless of the road
Touch the tip of your nose without looking at your finger

1) despite whom (what), prev. with wine in spite of anyone and anything, without paying attention to anyone or anything. Works out despite being tired; 2) despite the fact that the union expresses a concession, despite the fact that, regardless of the fact that. Let's go, even though I was walking... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

DESPITE the pretext, on whom what. In spite of something, in contradiction with something. Despite the heavy rain, it was warm (not to be confused with despite the gerund of the verb to look from the negative. not). ❖ Despite everything, despite everything... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Service, used. very often If something happens despite any circumstances, it means it happens in spite of them. Despite all the talk about financial stabilization, prices are rising by leaps and bounds. | Despite the fact that officially... Dmitriev's Explanatory Dictionary

despite- despite / despite, preposition Despite the abundance of greenery, it is difficult to breathe. Despite everything. Despite the fatigue. Wed. “not” and verb. without looking /: Without looking at your feet, go forward... Together. Apart. Hyphenated.

Despite, despite Dictionary of Russian synonyms. despite adverb, number of synonyms: 2 despite (24) regardless ... Synonym dictionary

Against, across, against, in spite of, despite Dictionary of Russian synonyms. despite the sentence, number of synonyms: 5 despite (24) ... Synonym dictionary

With all that, with all that, with all that, nevertheless Dictionary of Russian synonyms. despite that adverb, number of synonyms: 4 for all that (19) ... Synonym dictionary

Suggestion with wine It is used to express concessionary relations and corresponds in meaning to the word: regardless of anything. Ephraim's explanatory dictionary. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova

- DESPITE ◊ Despite everything. In spite of everything, no matter what (under any conditions, circumstances). ◁ Despite everything, in the meaning. pretext. In spite of everything, in spite of everything. He was cheerful despite the pain. They were late, despite... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Preposition with wine. n. (in combination with “on”: despite). In spite of everything, in spite of everything. [Nezhdanov] recognized himself as lonely, despite the affection of his friends. Turgenev, Nov. Despite the wound that weighed heavily on him, a cheerful and... ... Small academic dictionary

Books

I love no matter what..., Herve Bazin. Published for the first time in Russian, the novel “I Love No Matter What” brought Hervé Bazin the reputation of the best novelist in France. It is based on a love story that makes mother and daughter rivals...
The art of living, or How to be happy, no matter what, Sergey Belkin. The art of being happy is not taught anywhere, but everyone wants to live a happy life. But is it possible to be happy despite everyday problems, misfortunes, illnesses? How to achieve…

Expert linguists claim that the expression “despite”, as it is written, which can be found out after reading the text below, can be safely included in the “Dictionary of Difficulties of the Russian Language”. And this can be explained very simply: this phrase can be written in either two or three words, and there are “literates” who can depict it like this: “nIsmAtrya.” No wonder the great Voltaire said that the most severe judges are not the ears of the listener, but the eyes of the reader.

Spelling

Many people who periodically or constantly write texts and try to do it competently are interested in the question: how to write “despite the fact that”. This phrase is found not only in colloquial speech, but also in written speech, even that which is classified as official. If the word “despite” takes on the function of a preposition, then it should be written together. When a person doubts that this is a preposition, he should try to replace it with a word that has a suitable meaning, that is, choose a synonym and insert it into the sentence. Such a “substitute” usually becomes “in spite of” or “in spite of.”

How else do you spell “despite”? Separately, but this is only possible if the expression has taken on the function of a gerund. To be sure of the correct spelling, you need to remember the features of using the particle “not” with a gerund, because the existing rules are valid in this difficult case. “Despite everything” - how is this expression written? That's right - in four words, although there may be five words. Illiterate people. A literate person knows that this phraseological unit contains the pronoun “what” (instead of a noun) and the particle “neither”, therefore, there will always be four words, not five.

“Despite” is written separately if it is a gerund and written together if it is a preposition.

Punctuation

If a sentence begins with the phrase “despite”, a comma is placed after it, and if it ends, then a punctuation mark should be placed before it. Isolation by commas in a bilateral order is necessary if the phrase is in the middle of a sentence. In the expression “despite everything”, commas are sometimes not needed - neither before, nor after, nor in the phrase itself. This rule applies only if the expression has a close connection with the predicate, and basically, this phraseological unit has similar punctuation characteristic of the “shortened” version.

In complex sentences that imply the presence of complex conjunctions in their composition, a comma is not always needed in the phrase “despite the fact that”. The fact is that this is a subordinating conjunction, which can be divided into different parts, depending on the context in which the expression was used. If a sentence begins with this conjunction, then a comma must be placed to separate the main part - after the subordinate part ends. It is noteworthy that sometimes a subordinating conjunction breaks into two parts, and the first takes on the function of a correlative word and refers to the main part of the sentence, while the second remains a conjunction that requires the isolation of a comma, which is placed before “what”.

How to determine what the words “in spite of” are - a compound preposition and a combined spelling or a gerund, looking with the particle not and, accordingly, a separate spelling?

Participles can be replaced with words without looking: without looking at her face=without looking at her face. In the case of a preposition, such a replacement is impossible.


	Question No. 298459

Please tell me, in the sentence “Despite the heat, she was wearing a headscarf,” are there two grammatical stems or one? And if two, which ones?