Correct pronunciation of words. Why are speech norms needed? Persistence and desire

First of all, you need to eliminate several errors that are most often found in speech. To do this, record your public speech or just a meeting with colleagues on a voice recorder. Then analyze your speech using these points to see what you need to work on:

When preparing a public speech or a working meeting with a client, think in advance about what you want to say, sketch out a rough plan and phrases that seem successful to you. Under no circumstances should you read from a piece of paper. If you feel that you can’t do without your notes, prepare small cards with key words - this method is often used by American students and others.

How to learn to speak beautifully and competently? If you have doubts about the correctness of some stresses and speech structures in general, check them using an online dictionary. You should definitely clarify the meaning of words that you are not sure about.

A good public speaking should not be boring or too long. To keep the audience's attention, ask the audience a couple of interesting questions (for example, “Who has tried this?”) and ask participants to raise their hands. A good addition to the speech can be handouts that contain information on the topic.

How to learn to speak beautifully: exercises

Speech development is important not only for children of primary school age. Most adults would also do well to address this issue.

1. Find inspiring examples. To do this, you can listen to online lectures, for example, TED. There you will definitely find speakers you will like. Analyze their performance and take note of successful techniques.
2. Read more. The richer your vocabulary, the brighter your speech will become! When preparing for public speaking, do not forget to use a dictionary of synonyms to get rid of repetitions in the text.
3. Write short stories. How to learn to speak beautifully and express your thoughts correctly? Choose five random words and try to use them to compose a small coherent text. This is a great way to train your logic and imagination!
4. Record your future performance on a voice recorder. This way you can correct possible shortcomings in advance.

The ability to speak well is not given to everyone. But this is not a problem - you can learn anything if you have the desire.

Oratory skills lead a person to success. You don’t have to be an announcer, toastmaster, tour guide, or professor to use your skills. If an individual is able to clearly express his thoughts, then the people around him form a positive opinion about him. As a rule, such interlocutors do not start arguments; they clearly convey their thoughts to others, convincing them that they are right, thanks to relevant arguments.

How to learn to speak and express your thoughts beautifully and competently: 10 best tips and rules

Correct, clear speech with a change in intonation is a good practice to win over your opponents. If you possess such art, you can not only promote your business well, but also achieve great heights in political activity.

It’s good when, starting from a young age, parents give lessons in speech development and teach their kids how to pronounce words correctly by example. If you didn’t have such a chance in childhood, don’t be upset, you can learn public speaking on your own. The main thing is to follow these tips:

• Read literature, expand your vocabulary. This is where you need to start preparing for public speaking. It wouldn't hurt to learn a dictionary of synonyms. It is not aesthetically pleasing to use the same expressions very often in the text of your speech. It is advisable to replace them with phrases that are similar in meaning.
• To prepare your speech, try to select examples of lectures that are similar in meaning. Check out TED. Here you can find your favorite speakers. Evaluate their performances, try to notice little things. Analyze your opponents' gestures.
• Learn to compose texts yourself. Conduct rehearsals in front of the mirror, present these stories. To train your imagination and logic, compose small stories from given words.
• Record your speech on video or voice recorder. Listen to what you got. Correct errors in diction and pronunciation of words, and shortcomings in the text.

• Expressiveness and figurative speech are trained when reading poetry. Moreover, it is better to learn such works by heart. This perfectly helps to convey emotions, thoughts in a particular speech, and highlight the main thing.
• Adjust your speaking rate. The sayings are too quick, not all opponents understand. If you worry, your performance will fail. Also control the timbre of your voice. Trembling and loudly spoken phrases can irritate the listener and not be perceived entirely correctly.
• Inappropriate facial expressions and too broad gestures are perceived by listeners as at least strange. Therefore, practice in front of the mirror in advance. And in public, control your body movements.
• The most important priority in this matter is diction. All speech defects can be eliminated with hard work and exercise. Speech therapists can cope with even the most advanced cases.

IMPORTANT: In general, the process of improving your professionalism in public speaking consists of three main components: clear pronunciation of phrases, increasing your vocabulary, working on speech errors, and correcting them.

How to work on your speech: exercises

It is a pity that sometimes there are cases when an individual has a huge vocabulary and the ability to behave in front of the public, but lacks purity of speech. More precisely, the speaker swallows the letters and does not pronounce them clearly, or worse, pronounces sounds incorrectly, etc. In such cases, he needs to see a speech therapist who will prescribe a series of exercises. And a person, thanks to perseverance, will be able to achieve a good result. After all, no one will listen to a radio station host who cannot pronounce half the letters of the alphabet correctly.

When speaking in public, your breathing should be correct, then there will be no unfinished phrases or prolonged pauses. This greatly distorts the spoken phrases. In other words, to avoid stuttering, breathe in a special way. Use your air sparingly and inhale oxygen on time. For this, training is recommended; you need to learn to breathe using the diaphragm.

• Useful exercise — learn to speak texts while exhaling. To do this, first break the expressions into small phrases, pronounce them as you exhale. Next, take a short breath and say the next part of the phrase. On the next exhalation, speak the entire sentence without breaking it into phrases. Practice breathing calmly without taking sharp breaths. Such training will allow you to balance your breathing and your speech will be smooth.
• Practice your speech by speaking words at different tempos. Do it quickly, and then slowly, clearly, paying attention to how you speak. A mirror will help you with this.
• Pronounce tongue twisters, make sure that all sounds are clear and without errors. If you don’t succeed the first time, then try to pronounce them until you succeed.
• Then focus on different consonant sounds. Pronounce with emphasis first on some consonants, then on others.
• Learn to speak with nuts in your mouth so that it sounds as if nothing is bothering you. Do this exercise with caution to avoid choking.

After the above exercises, you need to practice correct pronunciation of phrases. It is carried out as follows:

1. Record your speech on a voice recorder.
2. Listen to it, critically evaluate the quality.
3. Let others evaluate your report and point out mistakes.
4. Without offense, compare all opinions, highlight shortcomings, correct them.

Please note what errors occur most often in the pronunciation of phrases:

1. Incorrect pronunciation: e, i, a, o, i, yu, etc. (vowel unstressed sounds).
2. Omission of some consonants.
3. “Eating” vowels.
4. Incorrect use of consonants (in the wrong order).
5. Incorrect pronunciation: s, sh, shch, z, zh, c.
6. Unclear pronunciation of soft consonants.

A speech therapist will immediately point out all the shortcomings in the speaker’s speech. Will tell you how to correct errors. Do not hesitate to contact them if necessary. Sometimes it is impossible to cope with a problem on your own no matter how much you want.

Video: How to speak Russian beautifully?

The ability to express oneself competently lies not only in the lexical compatibility of words and the correct placement of stress. It is necessary to learn to highlight the main thing from a large amount of information.

Imagine that you are watching an interesting TV series that your friends have been telling you about so enthusiastically. After the tenth episode, the most interesting part begins, and the producer, as luck would have it, stretched out this moment and hid the climax behind a bunch of unnecessary details. After a few more episodes, you will stop watching and switch to a more informative film.

The same thing happens with speech. Opponents are not interested in hearing a story with a lot of minute details. The story should be concise and logically connected. Boring repels interlocutors and kills interest.

Step #2. Increase your vocabulary

Avoid using words whose meaning you do not understand. An explanatory dictionary will help you expand your knowledge of Russian speech. If the meaning of foreign words is unknown, refer to the World Wide Web. Such actions not only help to express oneself in a variety of ways, but also contribute to joining different segments of the population. After a month of regular practice, you will be able to find a common language with teachers, dancers and professors. Make it a habit to learn the meaning of 3-4 words a day. It is important to learn, understand and remember the aspects learned.

Eliminate words that do not carry any semantic meaning. These include “not the month of May.” May is a specific period called a month. It cannot be a year or an hour. Also common examples that do not represent separate information are considered to be “step back”, “raise up”, etc.

Step #4. Retell the information received

Psychologists advise standing in front of a mirror and talking to the reflection. Of course, this technique makes sense to try. But there is another way that allows a person to learn literacy. Once a week, gather your friends together (at least 4-5 people) and retell to them the knowledge you have previously acquired. Have you watched an interesting movie? Highlight the essence and try to present the plot in an interesting, concise manner, without unnecessary preludes.

Watch the audience's reaction. If listeners yawn, lower their eyes, or ask questions that are not related to the topic, they are bored. In this case, you have 2 options: independently analyze what exactly you did wrong, or contact your opponents directly. A common mistake new “retellers” make is the excessive use of pronouns instead of calling the characters by name.

Step #5. Avoid tautology

A tautology is a figure of speech when a speaker uses words that are close in meaning or have the same root. Such phrases make it difficult to understand, so they should be avoided. An example of a tautology can be considered “oil oil” or “similar analogue”. Remember, this rule is fundamental to competent speech.

To learn how to choose appropriate words, you can watch announcers on radio or TV, and then analyze their mistakes. People who have a main job should take a closer look at the remote activity of writing articles. Copywriting forces you to select words that are identical in meaning but different in pronunciation.

Step #6. read books

Classical literature is rightfully considered a model of artistic speech. Unconsciously, you will begin to adopt words and expressions from books that are ideal for a certain situation. Don't expect that 15 minutes of reading every day will make your speech literate. This process must be allocated at least 2-4 hours a day.

After a month, the information you read will make itself felt, you will no longer experience difficulties in selecting words and constructing sentences. People who learn through mastering fiction are called well-read. This happens for the reason that a person begins to express himself in words that he once learned and learned at the subconscious level.

Step #7. Watch your speech

Video: how to learn to speak beautifully

A pleasant voice, correct diction and the ability to construct beautiful sentences are the basics of effective communication with people. It is no secret that our voice influences the feelings of the interlocutor, and figurative and competent speech easily reaches his consciousness and convinces. Therefore, it is so important to learn to speak beautifully and competently, correctly and clearly expressing your thoughts.

In everyday life, the ability to speak beautifully will also give you and help you easily solve any problems.

The human voice is a powerful tool in the development of interpersonal relationships. With it you can work wonders: repel or charm, attract attention, invigorate or lull. As a rule, the gift of eloquence is rarely given to someone by nature; usually there is a lot of work behind it. Therefore, if you want to speak beautifully so that people want to listen to you, you will have to practice.

Below are tips and techniques that will help you get rid of dialect, master the basics of oratory and learn to speak beautifully and correctly. First, try recording your voice on a voice recorder. Did you listen and how did you like it? Probably not very... Stuttering, swallowing of endings, unnecessary pauses and many other unpleasant moments are noticeable. Now it’s clear what needs to be changed and what needs to be worked on to achieve beautiful speech. So let's get started.

Speech technique

It is divided into four subsections:

1. Breathing
The key to successful communication is perfectly executed deep breathing from the diaphragm. This must be learned in order to reduce the pressure on the speech apparatus, then the voice will be deep and sound beautiful. Many breathe shallowly, while the voice weakens, acquires a hoarse tone, becomes silent, quickly gets tired and sometimes even sits down.
When you manage to breathe properly, a healthy glow will appear on your cheeks and your overall well-being will improve.

2. Diction
Good diction is the first condition for beautiful speech. When you eat endings or sounds, speech sounds unintelligible. This happens due to lethargy and immobility of the lips. Because of this, burring, lisping and lisping appear. Speaking beautifully means pronouncing each word smoothly, opening your mouth well for clear pronunciation. You need to learn not to pronounce phrases too quickly or too quickly, since the speed of thinking of your interlocutor may differ from yours, and it will seem to him that you are speaking unintelligibly.

3. Voice
And again breathing, because this is the basis of the sonority of the voice. To create a voice, you need to learn to breathe with your diaphragm and understand how to use resonators correctly. Sometimes you notice when you communicate a lot, your voice shrinks, becomes hoarse, a sore throat appears, it becomes difficult for you to speak and you lower your tone. But it can be made strong, sonorous, flexible, with a wide range of sound. But for this you will need to improve your speaking technique, strengthen it and develop it.

4. Orthoepia
This science studies the laws and rules of correct pronunciation. Deviation from the rules leads to problems in communication; the listener ceases to understand what you are telling him and does not perceive the information that you want to convey to him. Spend a little time on spelling and your ability to beautifully express your thoughts, correctly placing emphasis even on complex words, will definitely be appreciated by those around you.

Important! Before you start doing speech development exercises, do some exercises. Physical exercise improves blood circulation, warms up the muscles, relieves physical and emotional tension, relaxes the forearms, shoulders and neck, and all the muscles that affect the voice.

Exercises:

• tilting the head in different directions, rotating the head in a circle;
• swings and circular movements of the arms;
• we turn and tilt the body in different directions, drawing circles with the hips.

After charging, you need to lie down on the mat and relax. Imagine a beautiful landscape, feel a light breeze, feel how the sun warms you and you take a deep breath of fresh air.
Now you are ready to practice.

Learning to breathe correctly

If you want to communicate beautifully and for a long time, so that your voice sounds and does not break, you just need to learn how to include the diaphragm in the sound production process. It is located in the solar plexus area.
To get started, practice maintaining your posture using the “wall” exercise, doing it every day for 5 minutes for several weeks. Press your back against the wall with your entire body from head to toe. Inhale through your nose, exhale through your mouth. 6 very deep breaths. Inhale at 1,2,3,4 and exhale at 5,6,7,8. Then walk around the house at different speeds, while keeping your back position the same. Tell yourself more often: “I am brave and determined!” Your body will automatically react to these words of conviction with a straight back.

Exercises to train breathing from the diaphragm

The ability to express your thoughts beautifully is only half the success. You've probably noticed that some people want to listen, but others, even very smart ones, don't. What's the matter then? You will be surprised, but in fact it is not what a person says that matters, but how he does it. A pleasant timbre, correct abdominal breathing and the ability to pronounce phrases with different intonations can turn even the most boring report into an exciting show. Below are 3 exercises, after practicing which you will become the master of your voice.

Candle– trains slow breathing. Imagine that you are blowing on a candle; if it’s hard to imagine, then light a real one. Concentrate your attention on your stomach. Exhale slowly, try to keep the flame tilted.

Stubborn candle- take a deep breath, hold your breath a little, and then start blowing sharply and forcefully, trying to fit several such energetic exhalations into one breath.

Extinguish 10 candles– the principle is the same as in the previous exercise, only we increase the number of candles from 3 to 10, spending less and less air on blowing out the candles, and leaving the amount of inhaled air the same.
After a few weeks of these exercises, you will notice how your diaphragmatic breathing has become automatic.

Let's vote

To make your voice big and sound beautiful, you need to learn how to use the upper (skull, mouth and nose) and lower (chest) resonator systems. Take ten shallow breaths into your belly. Short inhalation and slow exhalation. And you can start exercising.

Moan– don’t forget about posture. Say the sound “M” with your lips closed. Say it as you exhale, without straining. Now start changing the position of your head while making the same sound. Gradually you will begin to feel vibration in the upper resonator. Having mastered the sound “M”, start adding other vowels: o-a-i-y-u, so that they sound like “mmmm-e-mmm-o-mmm-a-mmm-i-mmm-u-mmm-y” " When you have mastered this practice, move on to the continuous pronunciation of different variations of these sounds.

Tongue Twisters. Pronouncing tongue twisters is a truly great way to hone your speech and master the art of speaking beautifully, pronouncing each letter clearly. Try saying the phrase: “broke,.. broke, broke,.. broke, broke, broke,” while rubbing your forehead. We do the same with the words “we are lazy” - rubbing the nasal cartilage, “we caught burbot” - rubbing the cheeks.

Horn– straight posture, lips in a tube, pronounce the sound “U” as you exhale. Next, combine it with other vowel sounds. The main thing is not to change the position of your lips.

Poetry– read them out loud and with intonation, using a medium tone. At the end of each line, inhale and say the line as you exhale. I recommend finding the poem “Reading Rules” on the Internet, which was written by A.V. Pryanishnikov. It is ideal for performing this exercise correctly.

Training diction

First, do a warm-up with your speech apparatus. Perform all these exercises 5-7 times.

• We close our mouth and relax. Say the “U” sound a couple of times, drawing out the “uuuuuu” sound. Now A, slowly opening his mouth vertically, no more than 3 centimeters.
• Show your teeth. Clench your jaw and stretch your lips in an unnatural smile.
• Fold your lips into a tube, jaws closed. Make circular movements with your lips up and down, from left to right. With the tip of the tongue we touch the lower row of teeth, open the mouth no wider than 3 cm. Now lift it to the upper palate, then to the left and right cheeks.

Now you can do articular gymnastics.

• Say the vowels on one exhale, trying to use all your muscles: I-E-A-O-U-Y. Gradually increase the speed of pronunciation and put several ligaments into one exhalation. Once you have mastered this combination, start experimenting with others.
• Do the same with vowel sounds, substituting consonants for them. Example: Bi, ba, bo…. , beep..., beep, beep..., beep, bep..., then with the sound P, TD, KG, FV, M, N, L, R. Gbdi.., Bdgi.., Ftki.., Mi-mi.., Mrli... You do the same with whistling and hissing sounds S, Z, Zh, Sh, Shch: Si-zis.., Zissi.., Zdi.., Sti.. etc. By connecting them into groups and combining them.
  And also read as many tongue twisters as possible, they will perfectly help you practice your speech apparatus.

Orthoepy

The science that studies the set of rules of normative literary pronunciation, stress in words, the beauty and sound of speech, as well as the rules of articulation of sounds and phrases. Since there are countless rules in spelling, if you want to speak beautifully, pronouncing words correctly, you need to turn to the relevant literature.

Working with speech

You need to be able to correctly set intonation in your speech, in order to learn this, the best way to train is by expressively reading literary texts out loud, recording them on a dictaphone. Listen, analyze how correct it is, correct the shortcomings and read again. Do the same with an article from a newspaper, technical literature or any other source. Bring life and brightness to your voice - start speaking correctly!

Beautiful and competent speech is the dream of many people of different genders and ages. Some people are endowed with the art of speaking correctly from birth, while others learn it throughout their lives. After all, a competently speaking person will be able to convince his interlocutor of his point of view, and his speech will sound much more confident. These abilities are important not only for public people, but also for the common person. We'll tell you how to develop speech and learn to speak beautifully.

Main steps to success

Speaking to colleagues

• awareness of a problem in speech and a great desire to change it;
• presence of patience, which is very useful when repeating exercises and training;
• some time and place to study;
• unlimited confidence in success;
• assistance from family and friends.

Training program

The action program itself is very simple, interesting and effective. Having written the points of the plan on a piece of paper, you can safely begin to implement them.

Reading classical works is considered the basis of literate speech. They are imbued with original figures of speech that help to understand the heroes of that time, their thoughts, experiences, and spiritual values. Well-written dialogues give the reader a sense of the essence of the relationships of a certain period. Some phrases with which people and everyday objects of that time are described help to plunge into the atmosphere of the inner world of the heroes and the development of their ideas.

Speech rate and listener attention

The pace of your speech and its impact on others can be easily felt when recording your speech on a voice recorder. When listening to yourself, it will become clear what prevents the audience from focusing on your speech and listening to it with interest to the end.

Most often, listeners are bothered by excessive monotony or, conversely, increased speed of presentation of the material. Without absorbing the content of the conversation, people instantly lose interest in it. And even the most unusual material, delivered in a monotonous speech, will not arouse the approval of the listeners.

The problem of choosing a speech tempo is not the most difficult task. The main thing is to feel the audience and change your intonation in time in order to periodically shake up the audience.

You can learn more about speech techniques in the video:

Use of decorations in speech

Any text that is dryly presented is difficult for the interlocutor to perceive. But add a little humor or precise sayings, and the audience is already full of attention. The secret here is simple - only a well-read person who is as close to his listeners as possible can use humor and quotes from famous people wisely. The speaker becomes an authority for them, a respected person who can be trusted in judgment. And this is already a big part of success with the public.

The surest way to add embellishments to speech is to develop your own style. To do this you need to read a lot and thoughtfully.

Public speaking to different audiences

A toast at a wedding is great practice!

It is impossible to develop speech and learn to speak beautifully without practical speaking. Unfamiliar listeners of different genders and ages are especially valuable. There is no need to be afraid to publicly express your point of view, voice your thoughts, even if the first experience is not as successful as expected.

There is no need to stop there, but, on the contrary, continue to speak publicly in front of people. With each new performance, self-confidence will be added, and this is another stage on the path to success.

Record your favorite phrases, quotes and thoughts

By writing down in a notebook or notebook what you liked in a book or heard in a conversation, you can use it in your speech in the future. This is very helpful in analyzing your performances or the performances of other people. At the same time, it is better not to record mistakes, but to record the best moments of discussions.