Biryuk's image story of the same name I. Turgenev. Artistic media main character images

Russia is shown simply, poetically and lovingly in “Notes of a Hunter” by I. S. Turgenev. The author admires simple folk characters, fields, forests, meadows of Russia. No matter how one views the stories, this is first and foremost poetry, not politics. WITH great love and written by observation short story cycle "Biryuk". The depth of the content is combined with the perfection of the form, which speaks of the writer’s ability to subordinate all the components of the work, all of his artistic techniques a single creative task.

Biryuk in Oryol province called a gloomy and lonely person. Forester Foma lived alone in a smoky and low hut with two young children, his wife left him, family grief and hard life made him even more gloomy and unsociable.

The main and only event of the story is the forester’s capture of a poor peasant who cut down a tree in the master’s forest. The conflict of the work consists of a clash between a forester and a peasant.

The image of Biryuk is complex and contradictory, and in order to understand it, let’s pay attention to the artistic means that the author used.

The description of the situation shows how poor the hero is. This dwelling was a sad sight: “I looked around - my heart ached: it’s not fun to enter a peasant’s hut at night.”

The psychological portrait of the forester testifies to the exceptional strength of Biryuk; it becomes clear why all the surrounding men were afraid of him. “He was tall, broad-shouldered and beautifully built. ...A black curly beard covered half of his stern and courageous face; from under the fused wide eyebrows small brown eyes" In appearance this man is rude and formidable, but in reality he is good and kind. And the narrator clearly admires his hero.

The key to understanding the character of Thomas is the nickname that the peasants give him. From them we receive an indirect description of the forester: “a master of his craft”; “the fagots will not be allowed to be dragged away”; “strong... and as dexterous as a devil... And nothing can take him: neither wine, nor money; doesn’t take any bait.”

The plot, consisting of two episodes (the forester met the hunter during a thunderstorm and helped him; he caught the peasant at the scene of the crime, and then set him free), reveals best features character of the hero. It is difficult for Foma to make a choice: to act according to the dictates of duty or to take pity on the man. The despair of the captured peasant awakens the best feelings in the forester.

Nature in the story serves not just as a background, it is an integral part of the content, helping to reveal Biryuk’s character. Combinations of words depicting the rapid onset of bad weather, sad pictures of nature emphasize the drama of the situation of the peasants: “a thunderstorm was approaching,” “a cloud was slowly rising,” “clouds were rushing.”

Turgenev helped not only to see the life of the peasants, to sympathize with their troubles and needs, he turned us to the spiritual world of the Russian peasant, noticed many unique, interesting individuals. “Still, my Rus' is dearer to me than anything else in the world...” I. S. Turgenev would later write. “Notes of a Hunter” is a writer’s tribute to Russia, a kind of monument to the Russian peasantry.

Essay on the topic “Characteristics of Biryuk”

The work was completed by a student of class 7 “B” Balashov Alexander

The main character of the story is I.S. Turgenev's "Biryuk" is the forester Foma. Foma is very interesting and unusual personality. With what admiration and pride the author describes his hero: “He was tall, broad-shouldered and beautifully built. His powerful muscles bulged out from under the wet manner of his shirt.” Biryuk had a “manly face” and “small brown eyes” that “looked boldly from under fused wide eyebrows.”

The author is struck by the wretchedness of the forester’s hut, which consisted of “one room, smoky, low and empty, without floors ...”, everything here speaks of a miserable existence - both “a tattered sheepskin coat on the wall” and “a pile of rags in the corner; two large pots that stood near the stove...” Turgenev himself sums up the description: “I looked around - my heart ached: it’s not fun to enter a peasant’s hut at night.”

The forester's wife ran away with a passing tradesman and abandoned two children; Maybe that’s why the forester was so stern and silent. Foma was nicknamed Biryuk, that is, a gloomy and lonely man, by the surrounding men, who feared him like fire. They said that he was “strong and dexterous like a devil…”, “he won’t let you drag fagots of brushwood” out of the forest, “no matter what time it is... he’ll come out of the blue” and don’t expect mercy. Biryuk is a “master of his craft” who cannot be conquered by anything, “neither wine nor money.” However, despite all his sorrows and troubles, Biryuk retained kindness and mercy in his heart. He secretly sympathized with his “wards”, but work is work, and the demand for the stolen goods will first of all be from himself. But this does not prevent him from doing good deeds, releasing the most desperate ones without punishment, but only with a fair amount of intimidation.

Biryuk's tragedy stemmed from the understanding that it was not because of a good life that peasants came to steal timber. Often, feelings of pity and compassion prevail over his integrity. So, in the story, Biryuk caught a man chopping down a forest. He was dressed in tattered rags, all wet, with a disheveled beard. The man asked to let him go or at least give him the horse, because there were children at home and there was nothing to feed them. In response to all the persuasion, the forester kept repeating one thing: “Don’t go stealing.” In the end, Foma Kuzmich grabbed the thief by the collar and pushed him out the door, saying: “Get to hell with your horse.” With these rude words, he seems to cover up his generous act. So the forester constantly oscillates between principles and a sense of compassion. The author wants to show that this gloomy, unsociable person actually has a kind, generous heart.

Describing a forced people, destitute and oppressed, Turgenev especially emphasizes that even in such conditions he was able to preserve his living soul, the ability to empathize and respond with his whole being to kindness and affection. Even this life does not kill humanity in people - that is what is most important.

“My name is Foma,” he answered, “and my nickname is Biryuk*.”(*a biryuk is a lonely and gloomy person in the Oryol province)

“Rarely have I seen such a fine fellow. He was tall, broad-shouldered and built to perfection. His powerful muscles bulged out from under his wet, unkempt shirt. A black curly beard covered half of his stern and courageous face; from under his fused wide eyebrows boldly small brown eyes looked."

"...I thought I saw a tall figure on the road."

"...you can't eat the master's bread for nothing."

"...I have often heard stories about the forester Biryuk..."

"...I am the local forester."

“Don’t you have a mistress?” I asked him.

“No,” he answered and swung the ax hard.”

“She ran away with a passing tradesman,” he said with a cruel smile. The girl looked down; the child woke up and screamed; the girl approached the cradle.”

"...a girl, about twelve years old, in a shirt..."

"...I saw a small hut in the middle of a vast yard, surrounded by fences."“I looked around another time. The hut seemed even sadder to me than before.”“The forester’s hut consisted of one room, smoky, low and empty, without curtains or partitions. A tattered sheepskin coat hung on the wall. A single-barreled gun lay on the bench, a pile of rags lay in the corner; two large pots stood near the stove. A splinter burned on the table, sadly flaring up and going out. In the very middle of the hut hung a cradle tied to the end of a long pole."

“...I have often heard stories about the forester Biryuk, whom all the surrounding men feared like fire. According to them, there has never been such a master of his craft in the world: “He won’t let the brushwood get carried away; no matter what time it is, even in very midnight, it will come like snow on your head, and don’t even think about resisting - he is strong, they say, and as agile as a devil... And nothing can take him: neither wine nor money; people were going to take him out of the world, but no, it’s not possible.”

"...I, brother, have heard about you. They say you don’t let anyone down."

"...strong, they say, and dexterous like a devil..."

“I’m fulfilling my duty,” he answered gloomily, “I don’t have to eat the master’s bread for nothing.”

“We went: Biryuk in front, I behind him. God knows how he recognized the road, but he stopped only occasionally...”

“Well, Biryuk,” I finally said, “you surprised me: you, I see, are a nice fellow.”

One of the types of “good” men is depicted in the story “Biryuk”. He lives in a poor hut with two children - his wife ran away with some tradesman. He serves as a forester and they say about him that he “will not let bundles of firewood be dragged away... and nothing can take him: neither wine, nor money - he does not take any bait.” He is gloomy and silent; to the author’s questions, he sternly replies: “I’m doing my job—I don’t have to eat the master’s bread for nothing.” Despite this outward severity, he is very compassionate and compassionate at heart. kind person. Usually, having caught a man in the forest, he only abuses him, and then, taking pity, he lets him go in peace. The author of the story witnesses the following scene: Biryuk releases the man he caught in the forest, realizing that only extreme need forced this poor man to decide to steal. At the same time, he does not show off his noble deeds— he is rather embarrassed that a stranger witnessed this scene. He is one of those people who at first glance do not stand out, but are suddenly capable of doing something out of the ordinary, after which they again become the same ordinary people.

His majestic posture - tall, powerful shoulders, a stern and courageous face, wide eyebrows and boldly looking small brown eyes - everything about him exposed extraordinary person. Biryuk performed his duties as a forester so conscientiously that everyone said about him: “he won’t let a bundle of brushwood be dragged away... And nothing can take it: neither wine, nor money; there’s no bait.” Severe in appearance, Biryuk had a gentle kind heart. If he catches a man in the forest who has cut down a tree, he will punish him so much that he will threaten not to give up his horse, and the matter will usually end with him taking pity on the thief and letting him go. Biryuk loves to do a good deed, he also loves to fulfill his duties conscientiously, but he will not shout about it at all crossroads, and will not show off about it.

Biryuk’s stern honesty does not stem from any speculative principles: he is a simple man. But his deeply direct nature made him understand how to fulfill the responsibility he had taken upon himself. “I’m fulfilling my duty,” he says gloomily, “I don’t have to eat the master’s bread for nothing...” Biryuk good man, although rude in appearance. He lives alone in the forest, in a hut “smoky, low and empty, without floors or partitions,” with two children, abandoned by his wife, who ran away with a passing tradesman; It must have been family grief that made him gloomy. He is a forester, and they say about him that “he won’t let a bundle of brushwood be dragged away... and nothing can take him: neither wine, nor money, nor any kind of bait.” The author had the opportunity to witness how this incorruptibly honest man released a thief he had caught in the forest, a man who had cut down a tree - he let him go because he felt with his honest and generous heart the hopeless grief of a poor man who, out of despair, decided on a dangerous task. The author perfectly depicts in this scene all the horror of poverty to which the peasant sometimes reaches.