More than 68% of the Earth's fresh water is in a solid state, including glaciers, snow cover and permafrost. The ice sheet in Antarctica contains about 80% of all fresh water on the planet. Scientists are inclined to believe that at current rates it will take more than 5 thousand years to melt all the ice on the planet, but if this happens, the level of the World Ocean will rise by more than 60 meters. On these maps you will see the world as it would be if all the glaciers had melted. Thin white lines mark the boundaries of the land that still exist today.
Europe
Thousands of years later, in such a scenario, Denmark and the Netherlands would have become almost entirely part of the sea, including the capitals and largest cities of Europe. In Russia, this fate would have befallen the second largest city, St. Petersburg. In addition, the expanding waters of the Black and Caspian seas would swallow many coastal and inland cities, most of which are in Russia.
North America
In this case, the waters of the Atlantic Ocean will completely bury the state of Florida and many coastal cities in the United States. Significant areas of Mexico, Cuba, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama will also be under water.
South America
The waters of the Amazon will become a giant gulf, as will the waters of the confluence of the Uruguay and Parana rivers on the southeastern coast of South America. The capitals of Argentina, Uruguay, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and Peru, as well as a large number of coastal cities, will be under water.
Africa
If global ice melted, Africa would lose less land than other continents. But rising Earth's temperatures would make parts of Africa uninhabitable. The northwestern part of the continent would suffer the most, as a result of which the Gambia would almost completely go under water, and parts of the land would be significantly damaged in Mauritania, Senegal and Guinea-Bissau.
Asia
As a result of the melting of ice, all Asian states that somehow have access to the sea will suffer. Indonesia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and part of Vietnam will be significantly affected. Singapore and Bangladesh will go completely under water.
Australia
The continent, which will almost completely turn into a desert, will acquire a new inland sea, but will lose all the coastal cities where most of the population currently lives. Today, if you leave the coast and travel about 200 kilometers into Australia, you will find only sparsely populated areas.
Antarctica
The Antarctic ice sheet is the largest on Earth and is approximately 10 times larger in area than the Greenland ice sheet. Antarctica's ice reserves amount to 26.5 million km³. The average ice thickness on this continent is 2.5 km, but in some areas it reaches a maximum of 4.8 km. Research shows that due to the severity of the ice cover, the continent subsided by 0.5 km. This is what Antarctica will look like without the ice sheet.
Climate change is a huge problem that never tires of being discussed in the media. Many scientists and researchers, along with some politicians, are already loudly warning of major climate disasters to come. Everyone seems to have realized one undeniable fact: humans are destroying the planet. We are approaching the point of no return, if we have not already reached it.
The terrible impact of humans on the environment can no longer be denied. How long do you think humans can change the planet's climate without suffering any consequences? There is no doubt that we must change our activities, and we need to start now.
This seems to be a huge task as there is still a need to educate people on the various issues that relate to climate change. And, most importantly, it is necessary to achieve agreement on these issues. Poultry factories are a major point of contention, given that the industry is the number one cause of global greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation.
Energy production has the same consequences, but attempts to change this have been going on for many decades and have promising potential. In fact, there is no shortage of solutions, yet we continue to delay their implementation.
Many of us wonder how we can change something as big as humanity's impact on the climate. Since many of the world's resources are in the hands of a small group of corporations that control our health, energy, finances, education and more, what can we do? These corporations also dictate policies to governments, making it nearly impossible for us to implement solutions that seem readily available.
What could be the consequences of the melting of all glaciers?
The consequences of climate change are irreversible. World sea levels are rising every year, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates they could rise another meter or more by the end of this century. Back in 2013, National Geographic showed that sea levels would rise by more than 65 meters if all the glaciers on the planet melted. As a result, the shape of the continents will change dramatically, and many large coastal cities will disappear from the face of the Earth.
What we can do?
It's time to learn to live in harmony with the planet. We must work with nature, not against it. And this does not mean that we will have to return to the Stone Age.
You may ask yourself, “What can I do?” The changes that are needed at this moment are so comprehensive that it is very difficult to feel insignificant. But doing nothing is not an option. There are more and more people who care about our planet and want to see global change. Hopefully this will lead to action rather than a lot of meetings just discussing the issue.
On the scale of the history of the planet and even of humanity, the life of one particular person is catastrophically short. We, born at the turn of the millennium, were lucky to witness unprecedented technological progress and the flourishing of civilization. But what will happen next? In 50, 10, 1000 years? In these documentaries, eminent scientists and researchers will try to imagine what awaits humanity and our planet in the future.
Age of Fools
The film will paint us a picture of the near future (2055), when global warming is already destroying humanity. The main character of the film must compose a message for those people who may survive. The purpose of the message is to draw conclusions about why all this happened.
From a scientific point of view: Earth Apocalypse
Imagine our planet in 250 million years. It will faintly resemble today's Earth; most likely it will be one large continent, mostly occupied by deserts. There will be no oceans in today's view. Coastal areas will be destroyed by devastating storms. Ultimately, planet Earth is doomed to destruction.
Wild world of the future
Without a time machine, you will be transported into the future 5,000,000, 100,000,000 and 200,000,000 years to see a world worthy of the pen of a brilliant science fiction writer. But what appears before your eyes is not fiction at all! Using the most complex calculations, strictly substantiated forecasts and a wealth of knowledge in biology and geology, leading scientists from the USA, Great Britain, Germany and Canada, together with masters of computer animation, created a portrait of our planet and its inhabitants many centuries after the last person leaves it.
The world in 2050
Can you imagine our world in 2050? By mid-century, there will already be about 9 billion people on the planet, consuming more and more resources, surrounded by an increasingly technological environment. What will our cities be like? How will we eat in the future? Is global warming coming or will engineers have the opportunity to prevent the climate crisis? This BBC documentary examines the problem of overpopulation on earth. Of course, demographic problems await us in the future. Rockefeller Institute theoretical biologist Joel Cohen suggests that it is likely that most of the world's people will live in urban areas and their average life expectancy will be significantly higher.
New World - Future life on earth
Programs from the “New World” series tell us about the latest technologies, developments, and radical ideas that are already shaping the world of the future today. What will life on our planet be like in a few decades? Will there really be cities under the ocean, bio-suits and space tourism; will machines be able to develop super-speed, and human life expectancy will reach 150 years? Scientists say our descendants will live in floating cities, fly to work and travel underwater. The time of polluted megacities will end, because people will stop driving cars, and the invention of the teleport will save cities from eternal traffic jams.
Earth 2100
The very idea that within the next century, life as we know it could end will seem very strange to many. Our civilization may collapse, leaving only traces of human existence. To change your future, you must first imagine it. It seems outlandish, extraordinary and even impossible. But according to cutting-edge scientific research, it is a very real possibility. And if we continue to live the way we live now, all this will definitely happen.
Life after people
This film is based on the results of a study of territories suddenly abandoned by people, as well as the possible consequences of stopping the maintenance of buildings and urban infrastructure. The abandoned world hypothesis is illustrated with digital images showing the subsequent fate of such architectural masterpieces as the Empire State Building, Buckingham Palace, Sears Tower, Space Needle, Golden Gate Bridge and the Eiffel Tower.
From a scientific point of view: The Death of the Earth
Planet Earth: 4 billion years of evolution, all this will disappear. Titanic forces are already at work that will destroy the world as we know it. Together with scientific researchers, we will make a grand journey into the future of the Earth in which natural disasters will wipe out all life and destroy the planet itself. We begin the countdown to the end of the world.
According to American researchers from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), over the century (since 1913) the average temperature on Earth has risen by half a degree Celsius. That is, it has become warmer. As a result, some ice has melted in The Arctic and Antarctic... And because of this, the level of the world's oceans has risen by almost 20 centimeters.
Ice now covers 10 percent of the Earth's surface. Its volume, according to rough estimates, is 9 million cubic kilometers. What happens if all this frozen water melts?
There will be a flood, scientists predict. - The level of the world's oceans will rise by 70 meters.
What will our planet look like after the flood? National Geographic has depicted this in a series of maps.
We'll have to say goodbye to many coastal cities like London or Venice. Some countries will also disappear - Holland and Denmark first of all. Little will remain of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia.
The US will lose Florida and part of Alaska. San Francisco, thanks to its hills, will turn into islands.
A real disaster is expected in densely populated areas of Southeast Asia, China, Bangladesh, and Indonesia. Territories inhabited by more than a billion people will be hidden under water.
Less others will suffer. will change beyond recognition - it will reveal its mountainous terrain. But no one will get hurt there. Perhaps this is where the Asians displaced by the flood will move.
Our Black, Caspian and Aral seas will become a single body of water. The entire Volga region will be flooded. Astrakhan will go deep under water. The same as St. Petersburg in the North. A sea with islands and peninsulas is formed in Siberia - where the Ob flowed before the flood.
Climatologists have calculated that for the planet to be free of ice, the temperature on it needs to rise steadily - at the current rate - for about 5 thousand years. And this seems to have happened. The last time was 34 million years ago. But then, as we see, the ice froze again.
Will global warming lead to the flood depicted by National Geographic? The issue is controversial. Not all scientists believe that global warming is actually happening. And that its cause is human activity, which we are unlikely to abandon. But in any case, it is necessary to imagine the scale of the threat. And the good news is that it seems to be not as large-scale as depicted in the science-fiction film “Waterworld,” in which the heroes cannot find the remaining land. And everything is not as scary as it is described in the Bible about that flood, from which only Noah and his family were able to escape. If, of course, only water from melted ice floods the Earth. And not any other...
AND AT THIS TIME
More water for the Flood
Many scientists believe that the biblical flood actually happened. They say that there are numerous traces of flooding on the continents. And lakes with salty sea water, scattered over land and thousands of kilometers away from the coastline, are generally believed to be the remnants of that flood.
But where on Earth did the water come from for such a catastrophic and global flooding? So that old Noah landed on his ark at the top of Mount Ararat?
There are plenty of hypotheses. An asteroid or comet could have fallen into the ocean, causing a colossal tsunami. Or it got so cold that the ice blocked the rivers, displacing the remaining water in the oceans, the level of which rose catastrophically. And some even prove that the axis of the planet shifted, and this caused a water shaft several kilometers high to pass across the land.
However, until recently there was no serious scientific data on which to rely on in any serious assumptions. Now they have been received. And they became the basis for a hypothesis that previously would have seemed completely crazy. They say that the water for the Great Flood came from the depths of the Earth. Nowadays this is by no means science fiction - entire oceans have been discovered inside our planet.
Our planet is entangled in a network of seismographs - instruments that record earthquakes, drawing their characteristics - seismograms. By comparing records made in different areas, one can trace how waves from natural disasters propagate in the earth's crust and mantle. These data, collected over many years, were used by American researchers - Michael Wysession, professor of seismology at Washington University (St. Louis), and his graduate student Jesse Lawrence, now working at the University of California (San -Diego). In total, they studied 600 thousand seismograms. The results of their processing shocked scientists. Because they demonstrated: in at least two places - under the eastern part of the Eurasian continent and under North America there are huge reservoirs of water.
This is evidenced by the pattern of attenuation of longitudinal seismic waves, says the professor, and it is characteristic of water.
Scientists have compiled a three-dimensional model of the sounded subsoil. And they assure you that there is no less water there than in the Arctic Ocean.
It is located at depths from 1200 to 1400 kilometers.
RAS Academician Eric Galimov called Weisshen's hypothesis "quite plausible." And a little earlier than the Americans, sea water under the surface of the Earth was discovered by English scientists from the University of Manchester. Traces of it were recognized in carbon dioxide escaping from a depth of about 1,500 kilometers. But they didn’t believe them. Even after an article in the reputable journal Nature.
It is not known exactly how water got inside the Earth - it is possible that it was formed along with the planet. That is, it has always been there. However, many researchers believe that periodically deep water comes to the surface. And vice versa, the ocean - the one that is outside - “seeps” into the depths. Scientifically speaking, the volume of the earth's hydrosphere can change. Most likely, from movements in the planet’s crust and mantle.
By the way, at the bottom of the ocean there are strange holes from which water gushes out with a temperature of 400 degrees. They are called "black smokers."
It is possible that in antediluvian times the underground reservoirs completely burst. And a catastrophic eruption of hot salty water and steam began, like from a burst boiler. The level of the world's oceans rose, and from above, from the condensed steam, rain also poured in - for 40 days and 40 nights. This is how the Great Flood turned out. And then the water was sucked back inside.
This means, at least theoretically, that such a catastrophic event could happen again. And in such a way that Ararat will not be visible. Weisshen is frightened that below the oceans he discovered, in those areas of the earth's mantle that have not yet been explored, there is also water. A lot of water. Its volume, according to the professor, can be five times the capacity of all the outer oceans.
Now, if all the “internal” water escapes from the Earth, and even merges with melt water, then naturally it will be much worse than in “Water World”. That is, there will be no sushi left at all.
Climate change is a huge problem that never tires of being discussed in the media. Many scientists and researchers, along with some politicians, are already loudly warning of major climate disasters to come. Everyone seems to have realized one undeniable fact: humans are destroying the planet. We are approaching the point of no return, if we have not already reached it.
The main causes of climate change on the planet
The terrible impact of humans on the environment can no longer be denied. How long do you think humans can change the planet's climate without suffering any consequences? There is no doubt that we must change our activities, and we need to start now.
This seems to be a huge task as there is still a need to educate people on the various issues that relate to climate change. And, most importantly, it is necessary to achieve agreement on these issues. Poultry factories are a major point of contention, given that the industry is the number one cause of global greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation. 
Energy production has the same consequences, but attempts to change this have been going on for many decades and have promising potential. In fact, there is no shortage of solutions, yet we continue to delay their implementation. 
Many of us wonder how we can change something as big as humanity's impact on the climate. Since many of the world's resources are in the hands of a small group of corporations that control our health, energy, finances, education and more, what can we do? These corporations also dictate policies to governments, making it nearly impossible for us to implement solutions that seem readily available.
What could be the consequences of the melting of all glaciers?
The consequences of climate change are irreversible. World sea levels are rising every year, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates they could rise another meter or more by the end of this century. Back in 2013, National Geographic showed that sea levels would rise by more than 65 meters if all the glaciers on the planet melted. As a result, the shape of the continents will change dramatically, and many large coastal cities will disappear from the face of the Earth. 
What we can do?
It's time to learn to live in harmony with the planet. We must work with nature, not against it. And this does not mean that we will have to return to the Stone Age.
You may ask yourself, “What can I do?” The changes that are needed at this moment are so comprehensive that it is very difficult to feel insignificant. But doing nothing is not an option. There are more and more people who care about our planet and want to see global change. Hopefully this will lead to action rather than a lot of meetings just discussing the issue.
