Dual role. Video lesson “Double role of the letters E, E, Yu, I

Lesson - a fairy tale

The double role of the letters e, e, yu, i.

Teacher Lachugina E.V.

Purpose of the lesson: help children learn a new topic.

This topic, as experience shows, causes great difficulties for children, so for the explanation it is important to include vivid fairy-tale images and establish associative connections between the rule and the plot of the fairy tale.

The first part will help you remember which letters can represent two sounds (they are iotized).

The second part will help you remember that these letters indicate the softness of the previous consonant and in these cases represent one sound.

Today we will work with unusual letters in Russian: e, e, yu, i.

Their originality lies in the fact that they can play a dual role: denoting one or two sounds.

They also indicate the softness of the consonant

What happened in the Alphabet Kingdom.

In a certain kingdom, in the Alphabet State, there lived a letter Y. One day she went into the forest and there she met two scary, hairy monsters who immediately decided to eat her. Letter Y She ran at full speed, and the monsters rushed in pursuit of her. Suddenly the first monster growled: “ I eat her! I eat her! In the language of monsters it is " yay" means "grab, catch", and " her" It means the same thing to them as it does to us. It turns out that the monster shouted: “Catch her! Grab her! " I yu her!- answered the second monster. And that meant: " I behind YU bku HER I’ll grab it!” Because in the language of monsters " I" means the same as ours, and the skirt is called in abbreviation - Yu; The word “I’ll grab” was simply swallowed by the monster as it ran.

But the letter Y ran great. Neither alive nor dead, she flew into her house, and everything was ringing in her ears: “ I eat her!»

Years have passed. Letter Y got married and had 4 daughters - 4 letters. To sing about her salvation, my mother called them this:

I'm Yu Ye Yo

Each daughter was a little like her mother.

The letter I sounded like [y"a]

The letter Yu sounded like [th "u]

The letter E sounded like [y"e]

The letter E sounded like [th "o]

Guys, listen to the words APPLE, SKIRT, HEDGEHOG, FIR - and you will hear the sound [th"]

So all 4 letters : I am Yu Ye Yo- denoted two sounds, the first of which was the sound [th"]- in honor of my mother.

Letters I'm Yu Ye Yo were special and did not resemble anyone else, because no other vowel could denote two sounds at once.

But then one day trouble happened in the Kingdom of Alphabet. Out of nowhere, the sorceress Otverdina flew in and unleashed a terrible disease on all the consonant sounds: they all petrified - they became hard. And no one knew how to treat hardening - petrification.

Having learned about this trouble, the letters I'm Yu Ye Yo They rushed to beg the sorceress Otverdina to cast a spell on the unfortunate consonants, but Otverdina was firm and inexorable. “No way,” she kept saying. - Unless... You give me a ransom. Let each of you give me the most precious thing you have - sound [th"]" "We agree!" - they answered immediately I'm Yu Ye Yo

They felt so sorry for the enchanted consonants. “Okay,” said Otverdina. - From now on it will be like this: when each of you stands up after a consonant, it loses its dear sound [th"], but the consonant becomes soft.”

So and it happened. Now that the lettersI, Yu, E, yo appear in the word aftercovowel, they lose sound[th"], but agrees immediately softens . Next to the disenchanted soft consonant

I sounds like A, Yu sounds like U, E sounds like E, and E - like O.

Listen here: MINT, SOFT, PULL, LOVES, BRANCH, MARK, FOREST, LIGHT, WARM, FREEZING.

Our letters could not help only consonantsW, F, C- they are Always solid.

Then I’ll follow suit I, Yu, E, Yo followed by two more letters:AND And b. They also learned to soften their consonants. True, they didn’t have to sacrifice anything - they didn’t have a favorite sound[th"]. Here's how AND And b soften the consonants: DRINK, POUR, SWEET, ZERO, STUMP, MEASLES.

True, letters I, Yu, E, Yo they haven't lost their precious sound forever[th"]. When they are not next to consonants, they still represent two sounds.

This happens when lettersI, Yu, E, Yo come at the beginning of the words: they have no oneneed to be softened and not you need to give Otverdina your sound[th"]. Therefore, at the beginning of the word the letters I, Yu, E, Yo denote, as before, two sounds. Listen for yourself: YAMA, BRIGHT, YOUNG, SOUTH, FOOD, GO, YOLKA, RUFF.

When the letters I, Yu, E, Yo happen to come after vowels, theySame denote two sounds, because vowels do not need to be softened. Vowels are not hard or soft, right? Listen to how they soundletters I, Yu, HER ambassador of vowels : MY, NECK, SINGING, ROYING, HOWLING, WHICHING, YOURS, MINE.

And more letters I, Yu, E, Yo denote two sounds after the separatorsb And Kommersant After all b And Kommersant They don’t represent any sounds at all, so why soften them! They specifically separate the consonant and the lettersI, Yu, E, Yo, so that these kind letters do not accidentally soften them! Listen to how they soundI, Yu, E, Yo after separators b And Kommersant: HUG, DRUNK, DRINK, SEW, CONGRESS, WENT OUT, BLOW, GUN, UNDERWEAR.

These are the amazing events that happened in the Alphabet Kingdom.

Now, guys, let’s summarize our research, let’s try to make a table

The double role of the letters e, e, yu, i (artist letters)

[uh, oh, uh, a]

Two sounds

[th] + [e, o, y, a]

After consonants

1.At the beginning of a word

2. After separating b and b

3. After a vowel

Tired? I suggest you play a little. If the vowels represent two sounds, girls squat; if there is one, then boys squat.

Cabin boy, bread, barrier, chandelier, stump, cranberry, memory, gun, lake, monument, blizzard, beets, cabin, stump, button accordion.

Now let’s move on to the exercises that we will perform in writing in a notebook.

1.Distributive dictation (work in pairs)

Exercise. Arrange the words in 2 columns:

1) the letters E, E, Yu, I represent 1 sound,

2) the letters E, E, Yu, I represent 2 sounds.

Honey, food, anchor, cabin, forest, warmth, tree, shadow, people, blizzard, pouring, flying, strap, pit, button accordion, river, bathhouse.(slide13)

2.Exercise - puzzles.

Exercise: guess the word, write it down, determine how many letters and sounds there are in the words.

What does a bear love most in the world? (honey)

What fish starts with E? (ruff)

Where do the birds fly? (south)

The youngest sailor on the ship ?(cabin boy)

3. Exercise 312 in the textbook.

Well done boys! And you coped with this task perfectly.

Final discussion on issues

What new did you learn in the lesson?

What difficulties did you encounter during your work?

Did you enjoy the lesson?

Homework assignment.

D.Z exercise 314, paragraph 61 pp. 142-143

I. The letters e, e, yu, i can represent combinations of sounds

th + o; th + y; th + a.

II. The same letters e, e, yu, i after a consonant letter denote one vowel sound e, o, u, and the softness of the previous consonant.

The letters e, e, yu, i represent two sounds:

1. If they are at the beginning of a word.

spinning apple

2. If they come after a vowel.

let's eat cabin

3. If they come after the separator
b or b.

family shooting

Conclusion:

The letters e, e, yu, i at the beginning of a word, after a vowel and after the separators b and b denote 2 sounds - й e, й у, й о, й а.

The letters e, e, yu, i after a consonant indicate one vowel sound e, o, u, and the softness of the previous consonant.

There are no sounds yu, ya, e, e, but there are u, a, e, o.

Syllable – This is part of the word, pronounced with one exhalation, a push.

Accent – This is the pronunciation of a syllable with the greatest strength of the voice. apple, day

Russian accent has a varied character.

Phonetic analysis words are characteristics of speech sounds in a word.

Order phonetic parsing.

1. Syllables, stress.

2. Vowel sounds: stressed and unstressed; what letters are they designated by?

3. Consonant sounds: voiced and unvoiced, hard and soft, what letters are indicated.

4. Number of sounds and letters.

My native country is wide.

native 2 syllables native – 6 letters, 7 sounds.

r – r – consonant, voiced, hard

o – a – vowel sound, unstressed

d – d – consonant, voiced, hard

n – n – consonant, voiced, hard

a – a – vowel, stressed

i – th – consonant, voiced, soft

a – vowel, unstressed.

yeast – 6 letters, 5 sounds, because 2 letters zh – one long sound zh.

long – 7 letters, 6 sounds, because 2 letters n form one long n sound.

laughs - laughs, 3 syllables, 7 letters, 7 sounds.

m – m – agree, ringing, soft

e – i – vowel, unspoken.

e – i – vowel, unvoiced.

o – vowel, stressed

with c – agree, firm, deaf.

I a – vowel, unstressed.

oral oral, 2 syllables, 6 letters, 5 sounds.

y – y – vowel, stressed.

s – s – agree., deaf., firm.

n – n – agree., ringing., firm.

s – s – vowel, unvoiced.

y – y – agree., soft., ringing.

40. Vocabulary – this is the vocabulary of a particular language, that is, the words of the language.

Lexicology – This is a branch of the science of language in which vocabulary is studied.

Word - it is the basic unit of language that is studied in lexicology.

Sounds, words, sentences - these are the basic units of language. Words serve in the language to name objects, actions, quantities, and characteristics of an object.

Lexicon – this is the stock of words and expressions of the same person.

Lexical meaning of the word – this is its meaning, meaning, this is what the word means.

The word has 2 meanings: lexical and grammatical.

Polysimy – This is the polysemy of the word.

Single meaning words - These are words that have the same lexical meaning.

Polysemantic words – These are words that have several lexical meanings. Polysemantic words name different objects, signs, actions that are similar in some way.

Differences between unambiguous And polysemantic words

1. An unambiguous word names one object (sign, action), and a polysemantic word names several.

2. An unambiguous word has one lexical meaning, while an ambiguous word has several lexical meanings.

>>Russian language 5th grade >>Russian language: The dual role of the letters i, yu, e, ё

DOUBLE ROLE OF THE LETTERS I, Yu, E, E.

Some letters can represent either one or two sounds.

Letters e, e, yu, i after consonants in a word they indicate one sound: [e], [o], [u], [a] and indicate the softness of this consonant: seed- [s"e"m"a].

In other cases (at the beginning of a word, after vowels and after separators ъ And b) letters e, e, yu, i denote two sounds: [ye], [yo], [yu], [ya] - judge[sud "ya]. Therefore, the number of letters and sounds in words is not always the same.

Did you know?

In the history of the Russian language, the combination of sounds [yo] in writing was conveyed in different ways: yo, yo, yo.

A famous Russian writer and historian Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin(1766-1826) invented the letter for this sound combination e.

Compare!

1. Compare the combinations of letters in the left and right columns. Are there special letters to indicate such combinations? If there is,

write these letters.

[ay] - ... [ya] - ...
[oh] - ... [yo] - ...
[yy] - ... [yy] - ...
[hey] - ... [yeah] - ...

2. Pronouncing the words slowly, say which of them have the letter I conveys two sounds [ya], and in some - one [a].

Month, five, January, memory, name, time, bench, family, September, apple.

3. Write down the highlighted words. Underline the letters her and indicate how many sounds they represent.

Let's sing, Friends, after all hiking tomorrow
Let's go to predawn fog.
Let's sing more cheerfully, let us sing along
Gray-haired combat captain.
(A. Churkin)

4. Do you know Russian names starting with letters e, y, i? Write them down. How many sounds do these initial letters represent?

5. Speak the words slowly. Count how many letters and how many sounds there are in them. Justify your conclusion.

It's flying, it's pouring; sat down, ate; poison, hell; Kolya, stakes; field, water; seed, family; dine, eat.

N.F. Baladina, K.V. Degtyareva, S.A. Lebedenko. Russian language 5th grade

Submitted by readers from Internet sites

The entire Russian language online, list of topics by subject, collection of notes on the Russian language, homework, questions and answers, essays on the Russian language, lesson plans

6. Letter combinations that have an unpronounceable consonant sound:

STN = [si]: sad

ZDN = [sign]: star

RDC = [rc]: heart

LNC = [nc]: sun

7. Features of the pronunciation of certain combinations of consonants

CHN - [SHN] in words: boring, of course, birdhouse, scrambled eggs, trifling, Ilyinichna

WH = [SHT] in words: what, in order, anything, something, etc.

SCh, ZhCh, SShch, ZShch, 34 = [Shch"]: comb, defector, be generous, without a brush, without a watch, etc.

SSh, ZSh = [Sh]: silent, without a scarf, etc.

TS(ya), TTS(ya), DS, TC = [Ts]: studying, studying, ugliness, brothers, etc. GK = [ХК], [Х "К"]: easy ГЧ =: easier

8. Peculiarities of pronunciation of some grammatical forms

At the endings -Ого- (-ИГ-) of adjectives, participles and pronouns, the consonant sound [В] is pronounced: beautiful, flying, own.

Specifics of the letters b and b

The letters b and b do not represent sounds.

Algorithm for completing task A4:

1. If you need to determine the relationship between letters and sounds in a word, you should remember that

Letters b and b sounds are not indicated;

Letters E. E. Y. I can represent two sounds

a) at the beginning of the word (PIT, HEDGEHOG);

b) after vowels (SHINE, FIGHTER);

c) after b and b (DRINK, ENTRANCE).

The following letter combinations are pronounced as one sound:

a) SCh, ZhCh, SShch, ZShch, 34 = [Shch"]: comb, defector, be generous, without a brush, without a watch, etc.;

b) SSh, ZSh = [Sh]: silent, without a scarf, etc.;

c) TS(ya), TS(ya), DS, TC = [C]: studying, learning, ugliness, brothers, etc.

The following letter combinations contain unpronounceable consonants:

a) STN = [sn]: sad;

b) ZDN = [sign]: star;

c) RDC = [rts]: heart;

d) LNC = [nc]: sun.

2. If you need to determine in which words all consonant sounds are hard or in which words all consonant sounds are soft, remember that

The letters E, E, Yu, I, b indicate the softness of the preceding consonant;

In the letter combinations Шь, Жь, the letter b (soft sign) does not indicate the softness of the consonant (the sounds Ж, Ш are always unpaired, hard), but indicates a certain grammatical form:

a) rye, mouse - b sign shows that we have nouns of the 3rd declension;

b) eat, cut - b sign shows that we have the imperative form of the verb;

c) you drive, you speak - the b sign shows that we have the 2nd person singular form of the verb;

A word can always have a soft unpaired invisible sound [Y"], indicated in writing using the letters E, E, Yu, I, if they come at the beginning of the word (YAMA, HEDGEHOG); after vowels (SHINE, FIGHTER); after Ъ and ь (DRINKING, ENTRANCE).

Note: Sometimes students forget about the existence of this sound and therefore mistakenly believe that, for example, in the word APPLE all consonant sounds are hard.

3. If you need to determine in which words all consonant sounds are voiced or in which words all consonant sounds are voiceless, remember that

all voiceless consonants The following phrase allows you to remember: FOKA, DO YOU WANT TO EAT CHEEK?

all voiced consonants allows you to remember another phrase: OH, WE DID NOT FORGET ABOUT ANOTHER!

A voiced consonant at the end of a word or before a voiceless consonant is pronounced as voiceless: OAK [SOUL; TALE [SKA SKA].

A voiceless consonant before a voiced consonant is pronounced as a voiced one: REQUEST [PROCBA].

TASK A5

What should a student know when completing task A5?: spelling roots with a tested unstressed vowel; spelling of roots with alternating vowel; vocabulary words with unverifiable unstressed vowels at the root, requiring memorization.

1. Tested unstressed vowels in the root of the word

In an unstressed position at the root of a word, the same vowel is written as under stress in words with the same root or forms of this word:

Unstressed vowel sound

Causes a lot of pain.

So that there is no doubt,

We put emphasis on the sound.

Stress over vowel

Can make the letter clear.

Example: serial - serial; washed - washing, humble - meek, enchanted - enchantment, ambitious - honor.

Checking an unstressed vowel in the root is possible by selecting the form of the same word. To do this you need:

For nouns, change the number: spring - vesny, sails - sail;

For adjectives, replace the full form with a short one: naked - he is naked, barefoot - he is 60c;

For verbs:

A) change the number: I wander - we wander;

B) change the time: showed - will show;

B) change gender (for past tense verbs): took away - took away.

When selecting words with the same root, you should distinguish between words that are similar in sound and those that are different in meaning and spelling. The correct selection of a test word for them depends on the meaning of the original word:

1. an old resident of our city (= old resident) - he guarded the warehouse (= watchman)

2. beg for mercy (= he begs) - belittle the meaning (make small)

3. unload the gun (= discharge) - thin the carrots (= rare)

4. to irritate with behavior (= someone teases) - to tremble from the cold (shiver)

5. bless for a feat (= say a good word) - glorify the hero (= glory)

6. punish the enemy (= kara) - conquer nature (= obedient) - reproach for laziness (= rebuke)

7. dedicate a poem (= holiness) - shine a candle (= light)

8. see from afar (= see) - fade without moisture (= fade)

9. subside gradually (= calm down) - console tenderly (= console)

10. the flag flutters (= waving) - the child is developing (= development)

Technological map of the Russian language lesson, class 5 “A”

Lesson topic: “The dual role of letters e, e, yu, I"

The purpose of the teacher's activity: update and restore knowledge about the dual role of letters e, e, yu, i ; develop skills in identifying phonetic positions in which letters e, e, yu, i represent one or two sounds.

Lesson type : combined

Planned educational results:

• subject (scope of development and level of competence): know sound meaning of letters e, e, yu, i in different phonetic positions; be able to distinguish the sound meaning of letters e, e, yu, i in different phonetic positions, explain why the Russian language has 6 vowel sounds and 10 letters denoting them;
• meta-subject (components of cultural competence experience): the ability to understand the goals of educational activities and explain them; ability to set a goal and organize its achievement, reflective thinking.
• personal: awareness of the aesthetic value of the Russian language; respect for the Russian language, pride in it; the need to preserve the purity of the Russian language as a phenomenon of national culture, the desire for speech self-improvement.

Methods and forms of training: observation of language, research method, creating a problem situation, individual, group, frontal

Equipment e: computer, multimedia projector.

Visual demonstration material: presentation on the topic of the lesson

Implemented program:in the Russian language for grades 5-9. Authors: M.T. Baranov, T.A. Ladyzhenskaya, N.M. Shansky, etc. / Moscow: Education 2013

UMK: Russian language. 5th grade: textbook for educational institutions. At 2 o'clock Authors: T.A.Ladyzhenskaya, M.T.Baranov, L.A.Trostentsova, L.T.Grigoryan, I.I.Kulibaba, N.V.Ladyzhenskaya.

Lesson structure