Answer:
It is known that with an increase in the ordinal number of an element in periods metallic properties atoms decrease, and in groups increase. Arrange in order of increasing metallic properties the following elements:
Write down the designations of the elements in the required sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
Periodic table chemical elements D.I. Mendeleev - a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, about the patterns of changes in these properties, about methods of obtaining substances, as well as about their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the radii of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii: Write down the designations of the elements in the desired sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the radii of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii: Write down the designations of the elements in the desired sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the radii of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii: Write down the designations of the elements in the desired sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the electronegativity of atoms increases, and in groups it decreases.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of decreasing electronegativity: Write down the designations of the elements in the correct sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that the acidic character of higher oxides of elements increases in periods with increasing nuclear charge, and decreases in groups.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing the acidic properties of higher oxides: Write down the designations of the elements in the required sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radius: Write down the signs of the elements in the required sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the radii of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii: Write down the designations of the elements in the desired sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
It is known that with an increase in the atomic number of an element in periods, the metallic properties of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase. Arrange in order of increasing metallic properties the following elements:
Write down the designations of the elements in the required sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
It is known that with an increase in the atomic number of an element in periods, the metallic properties of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase. Arrange in order of increasing metallic properties the following elements:
Write down the designations of the elements in the required sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the radii of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii: Write down the designations of the elements in the desired sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the radii of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the radii of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii: Write down the designations of the elements in the desired sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the electronegativity of atoms increases, and in groups it decreases.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing electronegativity: Write down the designations of the elements in the correct sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the radii of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii: Write down the designations of the elements in the desired sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the radii of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radius: Write down the designations of the elements in the desired sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the radii of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii: Write down the designations of the elements in the desired sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
It is known that with an increase in the atomic number of an element in periods, the metallic properties of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase. Arrange in order of increasing metallic properties the following elements:
Write down the designations of the elements in the required sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that the ease of electron donation by atoms of elements in periods with increasing nuclear charge decreases, and in groups it increases.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing ease of electron loss: Write down the designations of the elements in the required sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that acid
The character of oxygen-free acids increases with increasing charge of the atomic nucleus both in periods and in groups.
Considering these patterns, arrange hydrogen compounds in order of increasing acidic properties:
Please indicate the numbers in your answer. chemical formulas in the correct sequence.
Answer:
It is known that with an increase in the atomic number of an element in periods, the metallic properties of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase. Arrange in order of increasing metallic properties the following elements:
Write down the designations of the elements in the required sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
Answer:
The periodic system of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev is a rich repository of information about chemical elements, their properties and the properties of their compounds, the patterns of changes in these properties, the methods of obtaining substances, as well as their location in nature. For example, it is known that with an increase in the atomic number of a chemical element in periods, the radii of atoms decrease, and in groups they increase.
Considering these patterns, arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii: Write down the designations of the elements in the desired sequence.
In your answer, indicate the designations of the elements separated by &. For example, 11&22.
periodic table Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev is very convenient and versatile in its use. Using it, you can determine some characteristics of elements, and, most surprisingly, predict some properties of chemical elements that have not yet been discovered by scientists (for example, we know some of the properties of the supposed unbihexium, although it has not yet been discovered or synthesized).
These properties depend on the element's ability give or attract electrons. It is important to remember one rule: metals give up electrons, and non-metals accept them. Accordingly, metallic properties are the ability of a certain chemical element to give up its electrons (from the external electron cloud) to another chemical element. For non-metals, the opposite is true. The more easily a nonmetal accepts electrons, the higher its nonmetallic properties.
Metals will never accept electrons from another chemical element. This is typical for the following elements;
- sodium;
- potassium;
- lithium;
- France and so on.
The situation is similar with non-metals. Fluorine exhibits its properties more than all other non-metals; it can only attract particles of another element to itself, but under no circumstances will it give up its own. It has the greatest non-metallic properties. Oxygen (according to its characteristics) comes immediately after fluorine. Oxygen can form a compound with fluorine, donating its electrons, but it takes away electrons from other elements negative particles.
List of non-metals with the most pronounced characteristics:
- fluorine;
- oxygen;
- nitrogen;
- chlorine;
- bromine.
Non-metallic and metallic properties are explained by the fact that all chemicals strive to complete their energy level. To do this, the last electronic level must have 8 electrons. The fluorine atom has 7 electrons in its last electron shell; in an effort to complete it, it attracts another electron. The sodium atom has one electron on its outer shell, to get 8, it is easier to give it 1, and at the last level there will be 8 negatively charged particles.
Noble gases do not interact with other substances precisely because their energy level is complete, they do not need to attract or give away electrons.
How metallic properties change in the periodic table
Mendeleev's periodic table consists of groups and periods. The periods are arranged horizontally in such a way that the first period includes: lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and so on. Chemical elements are arranged strictly according to increasing atomic number.
The groups are arranged vertically in such a way that the first group includes: lithium, sodium, potassium, copper, rubidium, silver, and so on. The group number indicates the number of negative particles at the external level of a certain chemical element. While the period number indicates the number of electron clouds.
Metallic properties are enhanced in a row from right to left or, in other words, weaken in the period. That is, magnesium has greater metallic properties than aluminum, but less than sodium. This happens because during a period the number of electrons in the outer shell increases, therefore, it is more difficult for the chemical element to give up its electrons.
In the group, everything is the other way around, the metallic properties increase in the row from top to bottom. For example, potassium appears stronger than copper, but weaker than sodium. The explanation for this is very simple: the number of electron shells, and the further the electron is from the nucleus, the simpler to the element give it away. The force of attraction between the nucleus of an atom and the electron in the first shell is greater than between the nucleus and the electron in the 4th shell.
Let's compare two elements - calcium and barium. Barium has a lower value in the periodic table than calcium. This means that the electrons from the outer shell of calcium are located closer to the nucleus, therefore, they are better attracted than those of barium.
It is more difficult to compare elements that are in different groups and periods. Take calcium and rubidium, for example. Rubidium will give off negative particles better than calcium. Since he stands lower and to the left. But using only the periodic table, it is impossible to unambiguously answer this question by comparing magnesium and scandium (since one element is lower and to the right, and the other is higher and to the left). To compare these elements, you will need special tables (for example, electrochemical series metal stresses).
How do nonmetallic properties change in the periodic table?
Non-metallic properties in the periodic table of Mendeleev change exactly the opposite way than metallic ones. Essentially, these two characteristics are antagonists.
They intensify in the period (in a row from right to left). For example, sulfur can attract electrons less than chlorine, but more than phosphorus. The explanation for this phenomenon is the same. The number of negatively charged particles on the outer layer increases, and therefore it is easier for the element to finish its energy level.
Non-metallic properties decrease from top to bottom (in a group). For example, phosphorus is able to release negatively charged particles more than nitrogen, but at the same time it is able to attract better than arsenic. Phosphorus particles are attracted to the nucleus better than arsenic particles, which gives it the advantage of an oxidizing agent in reactions to decrease and increase the oxidation state (redox reactions).
Compare, for example, sulfur and arsenic. Sulfur is higher and to the right, which means it is easier for it to complete its energy level. Like metals, nonmetals are difficult to compare if they are in different groups and periods. For example, chlorine and oxygen. One of these elements is higher and to the left, and the other is lower and to the right. To answer, we will have to refer to the table of electronegativity of non-metals, from which we see that oxygen attracts negative particles more easily than chlorine.
Mendeleev's periodic table helps to find out not only the number of protons in an atom, atomic mass and serial number, but also helps to determine the properties of the elements.
Video
The video will help you understand the patterns of properties of chemical elements and their compounds by periods and groups.
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AKHMETOV M. A. LESSON 3. ANSWERS TO TASKS.
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Periodic law and periodic system of chemical elements. Atomic radii, their periodic changes in the system of chemical elements. Patterns of change chemical properties elements and their compounds by periods and groups.
1. Arrange the following chemical elements N, Al, Si, C in order of increasing atomic radii.
ANSWER:
NAndClocated in the same period. Located to the rightN. This means nitrogen is less than carbon.
C andSilocated in the same group. But higher than C. So C is less thanSi.
SiAndAllocated in one third period, but to the right isSi, MeansSiless thanAl
The order of increasing atomic sizes will be as follows:N, C, Si, Al
2. Which of the chemical elements, phosphorus or oxygen, exhibits more pronounced non-metallic properties? Why?
ANSWER:
Oxygen exhibits more pronounced nonmetallic properties, since it is located higher and to the right in the periodic table of elements.
3. How do the properties of group IV hydroxides change? main subgroup when moving from top to bottom?
ANSWER:
The properties of hydroxides vary from acidic to basic. SoH2 CO3 – carbonic acid, as its name suggests, exhibits acid properties, APb(OH)2 – base.
ANSWERS TO TESTS
A1. The strength of oxygen-free acids of non-metals of group VIIA according to the increase in the charge of the nucleus of the atoms of the elements
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increases |
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decreases |
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does not change |
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changes periodically |
ANSWER: 1
We're talking about acids.HF, HCl, HBr, HI. In a rowF, Cl, Br, Ithere is an increase in the size of atoms. Consequently, the internuclear distance increasesH– F, H– Cl, H– Br, H– I. And if so, it means that the bond energy weakens. And a proton is more easily removed in aqueous solutions
A2. Same value valence in a hydrogen compound and higher oxide has an element
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germanium |
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ANSWER: 2
Certainly, we're talking about about the element of group 4 (see period. c-th elements)
A3. In which row? simple substances arranged in order of increasing metallic properties?
ANSWER: 1
Metallic properties in a group of elements are known to increase from top to bottom.
A4. In the series Na ® Mg ® Al ® Si
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the number of energy levels in atoms increases |
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metallic properties of elements are enhanced |
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the highest oxidation state of elements decreases |
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weaken the metallic properties of elements |
ANSWER: 4
In the period from left to right, non-metallic properties increase, and metallic properties weaken.
A5. For elements of the carbon subgroup with increasing atomic number decreases
ANSWER: 4.
Electronegativity is the ability to shift electrons towards itself during the formation chemical bond. Electronegativity is almost directly related to nonmetallic properties. Non-metallic properties decrease, and electronegativity decreases
A6. In the series of elements: nitrogen – oxygen – fluorine
increases
ANSWER: 3
Number outer electrons equal to group number
A7. In the series of chemical elements:
boron – carbon – nitrogen
increases
ANSWER:2
The number of electrons in the outer layer is equal to highest degree oxidation except (F, O)
A8. Which element has more pronounced non-metallic properties than silicon?
ANSWER: 1
Carbon is located in the same group as silicon, only higher.
A9. Chemical elements are arranged in increasing order of their atomic radius in the series:
ANSWER: 2
In groups of chemical elements atomic radius increases from top to bottom
A10. The most pronounced metallic properties of the atom are:
1) lithium 2) sodium
3) potassium 4) calcium
ANSWER: 3
Among these elements, potassium is located below and to the left
A11. The most pronounced acidic properties are:
Answer: 4 (see answer to A1)
A12. Acid properties of oxides in the series SiO2 ® P2O5 ® SO3
1) weaken
2) intensify
3) do not change
4) change periodically
ANSWER: 2
The acidic properties of oxides, like non-metallic properties, increase in periods from left to right
A13. With increasing nuclear charge of atoms, the acidic properties of oxides in the series
N2O5 ® P2O5 ® As2O5 ® Sb2O5
1) weaken
2) intensify
3) do not change
4) change periodically
ANSWER: 1
In groups from top to bottom, acidic properties, like non-metallic ones, weaken
A14. Acid properties hydrogen compounds elements of the VIA group with increasing serial number
1) intensify
2) weaken
3) remain unchanged
4) change periodically
ANSWER: 3
The acidic properties of hydrogen compounds are related to the binding energyH- El. This energy from top to bottom weakens, which means that the acidic properties increase.
A15. The ability to donate electrons in the series Na ® K ® Rb ® Cs
1) weakens
2) intensifies
3) does not change
4) changes periodically
ANSWER: 2
In this series the number increases electronic layers and the distance of electrons from the nucleus, therefore, the ability to donate an outer electron increases
A16. In the series Al ®Si ®P ®S
1) the number of electronic layers in atoms increases
2) non-metallic properties are enhanced
3) the number of protons in the nuclei of atoms decreases
4) atomic radii increase
ANSWER: 2
In the period with increasing nuclear charge, non-metallic properties increase
A17. In the main subgroups periodic table reducing power atoms of chemical elements grows from
ANSWER: 1
As the number of electronic levels increases, the distance and shielding of outer electrons from the nucleus increases. Consequently, the ability to return them increases ( restorative properties)
A18. According to modern ideas properties of chemical elements are in periodic dependence from
ANSWER: 3
A19. Atoms of chemical elements that have same number valence electrons located
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diagonally |
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in one group |
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in one subgroup |
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in one period |
ANSWER: 2
A20. Element with serial number 114 should have properties similar to
ANSWER: 3. This element will be located in a cell corresponding to the one occupied by lead inVIgroup
A21. In periods, the reducing properties of chemical elements from right to left
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increase |
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decrease |
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do not change |
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change periodically |
ANSWER: 1
The nuclear charge decreases.
A22. Electronegativity and ionization energy in the O–S–Se–Te series, respectively
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increases, increases |
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increases, decreases |
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decreases, decreases |
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decreases, increases |
ANSWER: 3
Electronegativity decreases with increasing number of filled electron layers. Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. It also decreases
A23. In which series are the signs of chemical elements arranged in order of increasing atomic radii?
