Topics that reveal the student’s attitude towards the hero of a literary work can be formulated in different ways: “Which of the heroes (of the work) is closer to me and why?”, “My attitude towards the hero (heroes) of the work”, “My favorite literary hero”, etc. .P.
Essays in which students directly express their attitude towards literary characters should be preceded by experience in characterizing a literary character. We begin writing character essays in the 5th grade, mastering in the process of text analysis such theoretical and literary concepts as “portrait of a literary hero,” “hero’s speech,” “author’s attitude toward the hero” (author’s position). Comparative characteristics of the heroes of one work are the next stage of work on the literary image.
As students develop literary and age-wise, we increase the context of comparison (comparing literary heroes of different works of art, eras, movements, heroes of Russian and world literature), complicating the goals and objectives of the work. Thus, the topic proposed in 8th grade “My attitude towards the heroes of I. S. Turgenev’s story “Asya” in the future, at the next stage of literary development, can be developed in a broader, philosophical context. For example, in line with D. S. Likhachev’s reflections on the uniqueness of the Russian character: “One trait, noticed long ago, really constitutes the misfortune of Russians: to go to extremes in everything, to the limit of the possible, and at the same time in the shortest possible time... Thanks to this, Russia “The line has always been on the verge of extreme danger - this is beyond any doubt, and in Russia there was no happy present, but only a dream of the future that replaced it.”
At the initial stage - the characteristics of a literary hero, expressing one’s attitude towards him - such works, as a rule, do not cause much difficulty for students. Nevertheless, the most common mistake in their writing is the absence in the work of a direct characterization of the hero, which would motivate the attitude expressed towards him. Often the student is in a hurry to express his opinion, skipping an important stage of work - reflection on the image of the hero, attention to the author's position - which are possible only on the specific material of the analyzed literary text. In order to focus students’ attention on revealing the images of the heroes, we will slightly change the traditional topic: instead of “My attitude towards the heroes of I. S. Turgenev’s story “Asya”” - “The heroes of I. S. Turgenev’s story “Asya” and my attitude towards them "
Focusing on the characteristics of the hero, relying on the material provided by the text (portrait, speech, actions, the author’s attitude towards the hero), help the student avoid unfounded assessments and superficial judgments. In real life, this contributes to the development in students of such qualities as observation and the desire for objectivity when expressing their own opinions.
Since any creative work in literature is directly related to the analysis of the work, directly or indirectly motivated by its nature, goals and objectives, we recommend turning to the materials of the textbook for grade 8, ed. V. G. Marantsman, as well as methodological recommendations for the textbook, which will help the teacher plan lessons on the work.
Experience shows that students read the story with interest: the topic of human feelings and relationships is interesting to teenagers. The main difficulty is understanding the image of the main character of the story - Asya and feeling the lyrical leitmotif of the story - “happiness has no tomorrow.”
The naturalness and openness of nature, the strength and fearlessness of feelings, the ability to respond with the heart to everything that happens in life are not always close to the consciousness of a modern person: a fairly rational, pragmatic person. The understanding of the uniqueness of a meeting, a “moment” that fate gives to a person only once and for which he is most often not ready, like the hero of Turgenev’s story, is not close to the 13-14 year old reader. And this is explained not only by his small life experience, but also by the different worldview of a person in the 21st century, who lives in the era of virtual reality: everything can be replicated, repeated, replayed, like in a movie, duplicated. Uniqueness, singularity, originality as characteristics of certain life situations, feelings, relationships are denied as such today. Mass culture puts forward an alternative thesis: everything is repeatable, reproducible, replaceable. Attempts at self-expression most often ultimately lead to unification - since initially they are based on a veiled desire to “be like everyone else.”
The essay “Heroes of I. S. Turgenev’s story “Asya” and my attitude towards them,” on the one hand, is an educational work, the purpose of which is to teach students to express their attitude towards literary heroes, actively using literary text to argue their thoughts and feelings (reliance on the characteristics of the image), on the other hand, it gives students the opportunity to better understand the characters of the characters and the author’s position in the work, and once again think about the actions of the characters and their attitude towards them.
Below we present the students' work, accompanied by a brief analysis and recommendations for further work. We selected essays that differ in the level of mastery of the material and style of thinking. They will help you see how the process of working on an essay goes for different students. All of them are presented without stylistic correction, although almost all of them contain speech errors and shortcomings, which, in our deep conviction, reflect the inaccuracy, first of all, of the thought itself.
The heroes of I. S. Turgenev’s story “Asya” and my attitude towards them
1. Draft of an essay by Olga Pantyukhova.
In I. S. Turgenev’s story “Asya” there are three main characters: Asya, Gagin and N. N.
Gagin is a nobleman, an educated man. He played the piano, composed music, painted pictures - in general, he led a secular lifestyle.
He considered his paternal sister Asya “kind, but with a bad head.” “It’s hard to get along with her,” he said. “You have to get to know her well in order to judge her!”
Asya was short, “gracefully built, but as if not yet fully developed.” Her hair was black, “cut and combed like a boy’s,” her face was dark, round, “with a small thin nose, almost childish cheeks and black eyes.”
She was very active, “she never sat still for a moment; she got up, ran away and came running again, hummed in a low voice, often laughed, and in a strange way: it seemed that she was laughing not at what she heard, but at various thoughts that came into her head. Her large eyes looked straight, bright, bold, but sometimes her eyelids squinted slightly, and then her gaze suddenly became deep and tender.”
N.N. was a free-thinking man, not bothering himself with anything, an ordinary nobleman who went to travel “without any goal, without a plan”; “he lived without looking back, did what he wanted, prospered, in a word.” When traveling, he was most interested in faces, “living, human faces - people’s speech, their movements, laughter - that’s what I couldn’t do without,” he said. N.N. loved to be in a crowd and communicate with people. He often passed off all his fleeting hobbies as serious feelings, so perhaps he was unable to correctly address Asa, to understand her when she wanted to confess her feelings to him. He behaved tactlessly, accusing Asya of something she didn’t think about, and especially couldn’t do: “You didn’t allow the feeling that was beginning to mature to develop, you yourself broke our connection, you didn’t trust me, you doubted in my..."
Thus, when I read the story, I still thought about the question: why did fate not unite the heroes, why did it all end this way? So unexpected and sad? After all, there were no barriers for the heroes; they could influence their fate themselves.
Here only the action, done or not done on time, plays a role. N.N. was to blame for the fact that everything turned out this way. He had a chance both at the moment when they met Asya, and at the moment when he decided that “he will be happy tomorrow.” But “happiness has no tomorrow; he doesn’t even have yesterday; it does not remember the past, does not think about the future; he has a present - and that’s not a day - but a moment.” And N.N. missed his happiness. His frivolity ruined his fate. And he himself, having already lived his life, realized this, “condemned to the loneliness of a familyless bastard,” “...what happened to me? What remains of me, from those blissful and anxious days, from those winged hopes and aspirations?
Turgenev's story “Asya” is a story about unfulfilled love, irretrievably lost hope for happiness.
This work is the result of the student’s attentive attitude to the text of the work and active participation in the analysis.
We see that the character of each of the heroes of the story as a whole is recreated correctly. The portrait of Gagin is not fully drawn in the work. Although he plays a less significant role in the story compared to other characters in the story, his image is ambiguous. When characterizing Gagin, it is important, on the one hand, to note the irony with which the author speaks about his painting activities (and in this superficial attitude towards art, Gagin and N.N. are close), on the other hand, to emphasize Gagin’s sincere attitude towards Asya’s fate, his ability to understand her difference from others, to accept her as she is - something N.N. is not capable of.
Asya's portrait is drawn in sufficient detail, but lacks evaluation. It remains not entirely clear how the author of the essay relates to Asya, what associations the image created by the artist evokes. It is also necessary to think about how best to introduce her portrait into the essay. Some significant episodes of the narrative were missed during the analysis: “why don’t people fly”, the waltz scene. Turning to these episodes would help one “hear” the melody of love in the story and become familiar with the style of the author’s narration.
The advantage of the work is, undoubtedly, its reliance on the text of the work of art and the skillful introduction of quotations. But the “size” of each quote must be reduced to the minimum that reflects the essence of the thought.
The introduction directly leads to the topic of the essay, but is stereotypical and lacks a dialogue mindset. The final part of the work successfully reflects the general meaning of the story, but does not reveal the reader’s position of the student. There are speech impediments.
2. Draft of an essay by Viktor Lukyanov.
All of you have probably heard about I. S. Turgenev’s work “Asya” or read this story. This work is known to many people because what is written in it is very close to reality. This is not some simple novel. This is a life where actions are so natural that sometimes it seems as if the writer did not invent the story, but he only transferred to paper what happened in life.
N.N. is an ordinary young nobleman who is looking for something new, without having a specific goal in life.
Asya is a young girl who is interested in everything. She is honest and in many situations does not know how to behave.
N.N. fell in love with Asya, and she fell in love with him, it seemed that everything should go well, but this work is too similar to life for it to have such a happy ending. After all, a person’s life cannot be ideal.
He is a nobleman, but she is not, what will happen after the wedding? He will lose everything, and this fear prevailed over love, and they parted.
Despite the fact that the heroes broke up, N.N. continues to love Asya with her heart. And in the end, love conquers fear, but it was already too late. And there is nothing left but sadness. And she manages and warms his heart.
The characteristics of the heroes are given too generally, although their main features are correctly captured. The logic of thinking is interesting, according to which “Asya is honest”, therefore in many situations she does not know how to behave. At first glance, it is illogical. But, if you think about it, a “natural” person does not have “prepared” behavior for different life situations. It would be interesting to develop thought in this direction.
It is necessary to supplement the characteristics of the characters: emphasize Asya’s uniqueness, highlight N.N.’s attitude to life at the beginning of the story, say a few words about Gagina; compare heroes. Enter small quotes that accurately and figuratively characterize each of the characters. Is it possible to prove in text that N.N. was prevented from marrying Asa by her non-noble origins (this is stated in the work). The work does not clearly express its own attitude towards the characters in the story.
The dialogical nature of the narrative is outlined in the introduction, but it is not developed further. In general, what was written is a sketch, outlines for future work. The absence of support from the text perpetuates thinking and impoverishes thought.
It is necessary to develop independent thoughts, actively drawing on the text of the work and the results of analysis.
3. Draft essay by Svetlana Golubeva.
The main character of the story is Asya: short, gracefully built, short black curls, black eyes. Although her name was “Anna,” for some reason everyone affectionately called her “Asya.” She was about seventeen. Agile, agile, she even seemed a little daring, and her whole being “strove for the truth.” She believed that “flattery and cowardice are the worst vices.”
In this story, a trusting, sweet girl, unlike others, attracts the attention of a young man - I.N. She gives birth to conflicting feelings in his heart. The hero of the story himself cannot fully understand his feelings for Asya, because he has never had a serious relationship with girls her age. I think that before meeting Asya N.N. was even cynical about girls. Soon he began to forget his wrong feelings. And yet it seems to me that N.N. is a frivolous, flighty person, incapable of real feelings. He was too amorous and careless, because all his life he did not bother himself with anything. As he talks about himself, he “lived without looking back,” “he did what he wanted.” It never occurred to him that he couldn’t live like that. Much later, the hero will understand that “youth eats gilded gingerbread, and thinks that this is their daily bread, but the time will come - and you’ll ask for some bread.”
Gagin is an unusual person. There is something “soft” in his whole appearance: soft curly hair, “soft” eyes. He loves nature and art, although he clearly did not have enough patience and hard work for serious painting. But at the same time, he loves Asya strongly and sincerely, like a brother, and worries about her fate.
After listening to Asya’s confession, N.N. does not appreciate her action, and even pretends that he is indifferent to her. Asya is confused, in despair, she loses faith in everything that was so important to her. She had to endure and experience a lot. After all, she was so afraid of this disappointment, but it overtook her. Asya is naive, she still does not know how difficult and cruel life is. The heroine evokes pity, sympathy and understanding in me. At the end of the story, N.N. admits that in fact he never experienced such feelings for anyone as for Asya: “There was a burning, tender and deep feeling only then. No! No eyes have ever looked at me with such love!”
N.N. loses Asya. She remained in his memory as the same girl as he knew her at the best time of his life and as he saw her for the last time. He realized too late what a mistake he had made. “Tomorrow I will be happy,” he thought. But “happiness has no tomorrow”...
In the work one can feel the student’s “capture” by the heroine’s feelings. It is no coincidence that she writes that she understands the heroine.
Here we clearly see the “involvement” of a work of art with the psychological dominant of age - the experiences of first love. The internal state of the heroine at the moment of her meeting with N.N. is precisely understood: Asya “loses faith in everything that was so important to her.”
The characters' characters are described quite fully. The transition to Gagin's characterization was not entirely successful. There is no comparison with N.N. and no conclusions. Good choice of quotes. Unfortunately, some important episodes of the story are not mentioned in the work, so the author was not entirely able to recreate the poetic atmosphere of the story or convey the “music” of the text, which, of course, impoverishes the analysis of the story. Apparently, this layer of the work was somewhat ignored by the student. The focus is on the plot.
4. Draft of Anikin Stanislav’s essay.
In literature class we read I. S. Turgenev’s story “Asya”. I am very sorry that Asya and N.N. did not stay together. If N.N. had not lived for “tomorrow,” they would have been happy.
Asya had an extraordinary appearance. Almost childish cheeks, black eyes, small nose. She was gracefully built and resembled Raphael's Galatea. Her inner restlessness and desire to show off confused N.N. She alternately laughed and was sad: “What a chameleon this girl is!” But he liked her soul.
Gagin, Asya's brother, loved to draw, but all the paintings remained unfinished. Despite his love for nature and art, he lacked hard work and patience. It is no coincidence that, describing one of the walks of Gagin and N.N., when Gagin decided to “work,” Turgenev notes that the heroes began to talk with such pleasure, as if they were doing something useful. But, despite the author’s ironic attitude towards the “artist,” we see that Gagin was capable of sincere love for his sister and was worried about her fate.
During the date, Asya was like a “scared bird.” She was trembling, and at first N.N. felt sorry for her, his heart “melted” in him. Then, remembering Gagina, N.N. began to shout at Asya and gradually became more and more cruel. Asya did not understand the reasons for his cruelty. I.I. knew that he was deceiving her. Asya rushed to the door and ran away, and he stood “as if struck by thunder.”
N.I. loved Asya. If he had only said one word, they would have been together. Fear tormented him, frustration gnawed at him. He felt regret, remorse. How can you marry a seventeen year old girl! And at the same time, he was almost ready to tell Gagin about this and decided to postpone it until tomorrow. “Tomorrow I will be happy!” But “happiness has no tomorrow” ... The critic N. G. Chernyshevsky wrote that all Russian “Romeos” are like that.
In general, the student correctly grasped the meaning of Turgenev’s story. The work contains episodes from the text, quotes, and Chernyshevsky’s point of view. But it is difficult for a student to logically connect micro-topics and move from text reproduction to independent reflection. One’s own attitude towards the characters is clearly not expressed enough; there is no involvement in the world of the work of art, in the world of the author and the characters. That is why the work pays so little attention to the experiences of the characters and their feelings.
Despite all the shortcomings, the work is completely independent.
It is necessary to once again turn to the materials for the essay and think about the proposed questions.
5. Draft of Ulyana Karpuzova’s essay.
The heroes of Turgenev's story "Asya" aroused conflicting feelings in me. It's a little hard for me to know how I feel about them. I'll try to think about it.
At first it was not clear to me why Asya changes so much throughout the story. At the beginning, the author describes her like this: “Her big eyes looked straight, bright, bold,” “her gaze became deep and tender,” “her movements were very sweet.” “There was something restless in all her movements”; by nature she was “bashful and timid.” She was gracefully built and resembled Raphael's Galatea.
Even N.N. notices something strange, or rather, extraordinary, in her. The reader gets the feeling that each chapter describes different girls. Now she is a peasant girl, now a funny child, now a socialite, now a woman who loves with all her soul. Asya is different, but always sincere. The heroine changes roles, remaining herself. Her big black eyes always sparkled with sincerity.
I noticed that Asya is very different from Gagin and N.N. There is something restless about her. Maybe it’s a hot-tempered, daring, constantly changing character, or maybe it’s blood, which contains both the simplicity and tenderness of a Russian woman, and the obstinacy and spoiledness of a society young lady. Feeling any feelings, be it love or hatred, she experiences them to the end, deeply, with all her soul. I think that this is precisely what distinguishes the “Turgenev” girl from all the others. Asya is very close to me in spirit, I understand her every movement, look, and words. It seems to me that we are even similar.
In Gagina I see a friend. A simple, interesting young man, a funny artist and a caring brother.
I treat N.N. completely differently. He seems to me brave, sensual, but not capable of decisive action. He is inquisitive, loves to travel, meet different people. But his problem is that he is afraid of his feelings.
Gagin and N.N. are similar. They are always interested in being together. They find common topics for conversation. N.N. describes one of these conversations as follows: “Having chatted to our heart’s content and filled with a feeling of satisfaction, as if we had done something...” He seems to ironically emphasize the invariable feature of the Russian soul - the love of conversation.
It’s strange to us why Asya and N.N. don’t stay together. It seems that there are no obstacles to their relationship. On the date, Asya trembled “like a frightened bird”; she could barely hold back “the tears that were boiling up.” She was all so touching and helpless at that moment.
She sincerely loved N.N. and was ready to do anything for the sake of love. And N.N. felt sorry for her, his “heart melted,” he “forgot everything.” But at some point he feels bitter and begins to reproach her, knowing that he is deceiving both her and himself. “I’m a liar,” he says later when he admits his mistake.
“Tomorrow I will be happy”... These words become fatal for N.N. If then he had not trusted his mind, but relied on his heart, everything would have ended differently. It's strange how just one action can deprive us of happiness forever.
It seems to me that the bitter fates of the heroes of the story teach us to believe our feelings and always trust our hearts.
A distinctive feature of the work is the author’s lively “participation” in the destinies of the heroes and a mature, independent attitude towards their actions. Sympathy for the heroine of the story, discovery, recognition of oneself in her stimulates the student’s creative imagination, which is especially noticeable in the analysis of the heroine’s portrait. The student managed to understand the motives of N.N.’s actions and “separate” feelings and reason in his characterization.
Unfortunately, important “poetic episodes” are missed - the waltz scene, the dialogue between Asya and N.N. “Why don’t people fly...”, and the general musical tonality of the story is left unattended.
6. Draft of Daria Zakharova’s essay.
In the story “Asya” by I. S. Turgenev we are talking about the fate of the three main characters: Asya, N. N. and Gagin. While reading Turgenev’s two other stories, “First Love” and “Spring Waters,” I came to the conclusion that the writer puts his main characters through the test of love. What a person is like in love is the kind of person he is.
In the story “Asya”, the heroine Asya evokes my greatest sympathy, because she is closer to me in spirit. She's not like everyone else. She gives me conflicting feelings. On the one hand, this is understanding and sympathy, but on the other hand, there is indignation and even indignation for her daring, unpredictable behavior. Asya's portrait changes throughout the story. She seems to be trying on different roles. In the beginning, she “didn’t sit still for a single moment; she got up, ran into the house and came running again.” Then she decided to play a new role - “the role of a decent and well-mannered young lady,” then Asya chooses the role of “a capricious girl with a forced laugh.” But most of all I was surprised by the image of a “simple girl”, almost a “maid”. At the end of the story, I see a completely different Asya - a woman who loves with all her heart, ready to do anything for her love. Despite all the unpredictability of Asya’s behavior, I consider her a kind, sincere girl.
I treat N.N. differently. He was an independent person who loved to travel without any purpose, without a plan. At first he lives as if in an idyll: he is slightly in love, he is also interested in new faces. After meeting Asya and Gagin, he begins to anticipate happiness. N.N. peers at Asya, at her graceful movements, at the “most changeable face” he has ever seen and for some reason begins to feel annoyed. He is irritated by the fact that he involuntarily constantly thinks about Asa. He does not think about the fact that happiness is close, but he is not ready for love.
It seems to me that N.N. and Gagin are similar. They were interested together, they had common topics for conversation, because they were from the same noble circle, both were young and not particularly hard-working. In Gagina, I see a caring brother who will do anything to ensure that Asya’s heart is not broken.
In order to understand the feelings of the main characters, you need to analyze the date scene. On a date, Asya “trembles like a frightened bird,” and I.N. experiences bitterness. After an unsuccessful date, having abandoned Asya, N.N. suddenly realized that he loved her, began to lavish vows and confessions into the blackness of the night, and was now annoyed with himself. “One word... Oh, I'm crazy! This word... I repeated it with tears... among the empty fields... but I did not tell her that I loved her... Yes, I could not utter this word then. When I met her in that fateful room. I did not have a clear consciousness of my love; it did not wake up even when I sat with her brother in meaningless and painful silence... It flared up with uncontrollable force only a few moments later, when, frightened by the possibility of misfortune, I began to look for and call her... but already then it was too late "
Happiness postponed until tomorrow turns out to be impossible. “Tomorrow I will be happy!” But “happiness has no tomorrow; he doesn’t even have yesterday; it does not remember the past, does not think about the future; he has only the present - and that’s not a day, but a moment.”
It is gratifying that the author of the work read and mentioned Turgenev’s other stories about love, which indicates an interest in the writer’s work. The student writes that the heroine of the story is “close in spirit” to her, but, unfortunately, she does not fully reveal this kinship of souls, just as the entire appearance of Asya is not fully outlined in the essay. What is felt here is not a lack of understanding of the heroine, but simply an “unspokenness”: the intuitive and emotional attitude towards the heroine is not fully clarified in thoughts, not entirely realized. In general, N.N.’s attitude towards Asya is clearly indicated: the hero “refuses” happiness. To a small extent, the content of the work was influenced by the textbook article, but in general the work is independent. It is interesting to note that the choice of all the children who used the textbook material fell precisely on the phrase about the “idyll” in which the hero resides before meeting Asya, and on the idea that the hero does not notice that he is standing “on the threshold of love.”
Apparently, this choice can be explained not so much by the desire to confirm one’s own thoughts with someone else’s successful comparison, but by the desire to express one’s thoughts beautifully, as in a book. The very style of student essays does not give us grounds to say that the work is not independent.
Left out of sight, as in many other works, was the theme of music and “flight” in the story.
7. Draft of an essay by Vadim Ryzhkov.
It is difficult to find a person who has not read or, in extreme cases, not heard about Turgenev’s “Ace”. She, like, for example, “Poor Liza” by Karamzin, turned over time into a kind of symbol. As soon as you say the title of the story, everyone immediately understands that we are talking about a sad love story. The beautiful turns out to be unrealistic. It becomes sad and bright because love passed very close, touched and left. Such experiences are called “romantic.”
Firstly, you still need to read the story “Asya” very carefully. Secondly, think about it, forgetting about the initial mood. Before I read the story, it seemed to me that “Asya” was just another fairy tale about vows and tears.
It turns out that Turgenev is realistic here to such an extent that you get scared and believe every word. The main character N.N. looks like a non-fictional character, so the author, I think, partially describes himself, his friends, and contemporaries in general in him. Yes, I.I. is a thinking, reasonable person of the 19th-20th-21st centuries. The hero is 25 years old, he has traveled all over the world, has a position in society, and was once infatuated with a young widow. But when he met Asya, a young seventeen-year-old girl, he truly fell in love for the first time.
Sympathy arises between them. Asya expresses it sincerely and openly. She "can't pretend." And N.N., on the contrary, hides her love. He's trying to be noble. He indulges Asya without understanding himself. The hero cannot decide on the proposal until the last page of the story. N.N. lies to himself and does not doubt the correctness of what he is doing.
N.N.’s problem is not the different social status between him and his beloved. It seems that happiness is so close. It is possible. I.N. says “I love her,” but he himself is afraid of his feelings. It seems to me that the characters are so different! They would have to show infinite patience to live together. N.I. is afraid of Asya’s love and explosive temperament.
In the last lines of the story, the hero experiences slight regret and nostalgia for failed love. It seems to me that Asya deserves more pity, and not N.N. Of course, N.I. is also worthy of sympathy, because what is it like to “stop in front of the door behind which lies happiness and not open it because of your own fears and emotions.”
The work stands out sharply for its “literariness.” The student seeks to distance himself from the narrative, as it were, choosing the role of a literary critic. It is interesting that what the student likes most about the story is the “realism” of the images and narration. The individual manner of thinking reveals a real reader in the author of the work. Despite all the roughness of some phrases, the thoughts expressed are interesting and independent.
Unfortunately, important episodes of the text are not analyzed, the characters of the characters are not outlined in as much detail as the topic requires.
But the general background of reflection is quite broad, self-sufficient, and interesting.
8. Draft of an essay by Nikolai Yakushev.
Turgenev's story "Asya" was read easily and quickly by many in the class. I liked her too.
The main character of this story, N.N., did everything he wanted. It never occurred to him that “man is not a plant and cannot flourish for long.” Nature had an extraordinary effect on him. He traveled without any purpose, without a plan, stopping wherever he liked. He felt a passionate desire to see new faces. That's how he met Asya.
But Asya was very unusual. Even in N.N. she evoked a contradictory feeling. He spoke of her like this: “What a chameleon this girl is,” “the most changeable face I have ever seen.” Asya was gracefully built. She had large black eyes, a small thin nose, and childish cheeks. And there was some kind of insolence in her whole being.
“She wanted...to make the whole world forget her origins; she was ashamed of her mother and ashamed of her shame,” Gagin said about Asa. “The life that started wrong” turned out “wrongly,” but “the heart in it did not deteriorate, the mind survived.”
Gagin is a nice young man. He loved Asya like a brother. When N.N. went on a date with Asya, all his thoughts were confused in his head. For a long time different feelings fought within him. “I can’t marry her,” N.N. decided.
On a date, he saw Asya, who was trembling like a frightened bird. He felt sorry for her, but when he remembered Gagina, he behaved differently. N.N. walked around and said “as if in a fever,” reproaching Asya for something.
Then this bitterness gave way to annoyance at myself: “Can I lose her?” “Madman! Madman,” he repeated to himself. N.N. decides that “tomorrow he will be happy.” But “happiness has no tomorrow; he doesn’t even have yesterday; it does not remember the past, does not think about the future; he has only the present - and that’s not a day, but a moment.”
The next day Asya left, and N.N. realized that he would never see her again. If that same night he would have said just one word to her!.. “One word... I didn’t tell her that I love her.”
N.N. experienced such a feeling only for Asya, and such a feeling never happened again in his life.
The student knows the text of the work well. The student contrasts the “ordinariness” of N.N. and the “unusuality” of Asya, but does not further develop this idea.
In the essay, one senses the student’s empathy for what he is writing about, and the author’s sympathy for the characters in the story. Unfortunately, the key episodes of the story and the author's position were left unattended.
Apparently, the student did not have enough zeal for a more detailed analysis of the characters and actions of the heroes. Quotes are probably used from memory, which indicates a good knowledge of the text and the ability to grasp the main points. The conclusion also requires improvement, since it is not directly related to the purpose of the work.
9. Draft of an essay by Alexander Drozdov.
Now I’ve read the last page of Turgenev’s story “Asya”, and I begin to go through everything in my head, remember how I felt about the heroes of the story at the beginning of the work, and how at the end, and immediately a strange feeling and question arises in me: “Why is it all... Are the heroes unhappy? Now I'll try to think about it.
Asya, the main character of the work, looked very unusual. She was gracefully built, had large black eyes, and short curls framed her face. “I have not seen a more mobile creature,” said N.N., seeing Asya. Her life was very tragic: she is the daughter of a serf peasant woman and a landowner. After the death of her father, Asya found herself left to her own devices and began to think about her situation early. And for the first time she encountered such a feeling as love. It inspires her, gives her new strength, but remains unrequited. The man she fell in love with, Mr. N.I., was weak-willed and indecisive; he was afraid to show her his feelings, although he often thought about her. He liked her, but her determination repulsed him. On a date with Asya, N.N. begins to blame her for everything. He spoke as if “in a fever”: “It’s all your fault.” And then he admitted to himself that he had deceived himself and Asya.
Her brother Gagin, a handsome young man, took care of Asa and loved her like no one else, but he is not the main character in the story, although he tried to help Asa and N.N. find happiness.
“Tomorrow I will be happy!” - so said N.N., but he still did not know that “happiness has no tomorrow; he doesn’t even have yesterday; it does not remember the past, does not think about the future; he has only the present - and that’s not a day, but a moment.”
If only everything were so simple!.. There is only one life, and you need to live it in such a way that you don’t regret anything later. Each person has his own happiness, but it is not always taken seriously. If you have found your happiness, then you need to take care of it and never let it go, then everything will be fine. We build our own lives and our own happiness.
The author of the work is a student who rarely writes. It is difficult for him to speak. Interest in the story and the reflections of his classmates in class prompted him to take up the pen himself. Note that the student accurately conveys the psychological states of the characters (“the feeling inspires her,” N.N. “deceived himself and Asya,” etc.).
The author of the work transfers what he experienced in a literary text into real life. At first glance, this “naive realism” is repulsive, but, on the other hand, this frankness reveals the inner world of a student who practically does not speak in class and reads very little, but here, although straightforward, he tries to project his changed mind (see the beginning work - “I go over it in my head”) into my own life.
10. Draft of an essay by Tamara Fedoseeva.
Turgenev’s story “Asya” left me with sadness and tenderness. The story filled my soul with sadness, and the question involuntarily sounded: why did N.N. do this? Why did Asya leave the next morning? Why aren't the heroes together?
Asya is an unusual girl who feels and experiences everything a little differently, not like an ordinary secular girl. She is not afraid of her feelings. Asya is very brave and sincere.
Asya's appearance is unusual, as is her character.
N.N. is an ordinary nobleman who left the capital only to forget his next hobby, which he passes off as true love. N.N. lives for tomorrow. He thinks that tomorrow he will be happy. At the end of the story, these words are heard in two tenses: present and past. And only after living his life, he begins to understand that it was wasted: balls, easy hobbies.
But nothing compares to the feelings he felt for Asya, for this strangely changeable girl with an unusual character. N.N. attracted her to Asa lively mood, a face that changed every minute, not like masks instead of faces at balls for society ladies.
N.N. depended on the environment where relationships were feigned, but with Asya everything was so sincere that he simply could not help but fall in love with this open girl. It seems to me that this characterizes him as a person who can truly feel, understand, and empathize.
Gagin is a pleasant young man who loves Asya like his own sister. He loved to draw and play the piano, which characterizes him as a person who knows how to feel.
All the main characters treat each other with respect. Question: why does everything end so badly? After all, there are no barriers to I.I. and Asya getting married and being happy. But this is precisely where the drama of Turgenev’s story “Asya” lies.
I think that Turgenev wanted to show us true, real feelings in all manifestations in the story. He wanted to say that love is a feeling that fills a person’s entire soul and makes him omnipotent. No one and nothing stopped N.N. and Asya from being together. N.N. is to blame for this situation. I think that N.N. had never felt before what he felt for Asya. He could not cope with his new feeling, and therefore, on a date with Asya, he so unexpectedly turns from a very loving person into an indifferent, unexpectedly cruel one.
My attitude towards all the characters in the story is different. Towards Asa it is good, touching, sympathetic. To Gagin - indifferent.
And I treat N.N. as a person who has missed his happiness.
The work brings to the fore the emotional perception of the story. The focus is on the theme of love, which has become the main one for the author of the work.
The student strives to emphasize Asya’s “liveness” and unusualness in comparison with society ladies. The position from which the heroes are characterized is interesting. N.N. - Asya’s “choice”. Gagin was “ignored” by the author of the essay, apparently as a hero who has no direct relationship to the feelings of Asya and N.N.
The author of the work does not always manage to choose a grammatically correct form for expressing thoughts; the work suffers from repetitions, sometimes - speech cliches, behind which one can discern the inaccuracy of the thought - its lack of elaboration; emotions prevail over thinking.
It is necessary to revive the essay with key quotes, give examples of episodes in which the characters’ characters are revealed.
Summing up the overall analysis of the draft essays, we note the following.
- 1. All works represent the student’s independent reflection on what he has read.
- 2. Communication with the work of art took place: the students, to varying degrees of expression, entered into a dialogue with the literary text, characters, and author.
- 3. The material of art has become a stimulus for reflection on human characters and actions.
- 4. Students have mastered the text well and actively use quotations.
- 5. Most of the works are distinguished by compositional and logical harmony.
- 6. Characteristics of characters are easy for students, but often they are “curtailed” in nature, which, we believe, is explained not by ignorance of the material, but by the student’s haste in expressing his attitude towards the hero; dislike of careful description, laziness.
- 7. Some key episodes and the musical leitmotif of the work were left unattended in some works.
- 8. Introductions and conclusions, in general, correspond to the topic, but they clearly do not sufficiently create the setting for dialogical reflection.
We will show you how work on an essay can proceed and highlight the stages of work.
- 1st stage. Preparing for an essay.
- 1.1. Clarify to students the purpose of the work.
- 1.2. Selection of material: portraits of heroes, selection of episodes in which the characters’ characters are most clearly revealed.
- 1.3. Writing down key words and quotes that help the author create images of characters.
- 1.4. Identification of the author's position.
- 1.5. Determining your own attitude towards each of the characters. If the work is successfully analyzed, this work turns out to have already been done in class (on the questions and assignments of the textbook, methodological recommendations for the topic). Let's outline questions that will help students in their work. It will be better if these questions are the result of collective reflection on what you need to pay attention to when revealing the topic of the essay.
- 1) What attracted N.N. to Asa?
- 2) How does N.N. characterize himself at the beginning of the novel? How do we see the hero at the beginning and end of the story?
- 3) How are N.N. and Gagin similar and what distinguishes them?
- 4) At what moments does the hero feel happy?
- 5) How are the characters’ characters revealed during a date?
- 6) Why did N.N. do this? How does he explain his actions?
- 7) Why does “happiness have no tomorrow”?
- 8) How does the author relate to his characters? Compare the narrator's intonation at the beginning and end of the story.
- 9) Does my attitude towards the characters change throughout the story? Which of the characters in the story is closest to me and why?
- 10) When does music sound in the text? What role does it play in revealing the characters’ characters and the author’s position?
- 2nd stage. Draft of the main part of the essay
- 2.1. Writing characteristics of the main characters using selected material.
- 2.2. Expression of one’s own attitude towards the characters.
- 3rd stage. Working on the composition of the main part
- 3.1. According to what plan will the heroes be characterized?
- 3.2. Will the plan for characterizing each of them be the same?
- 3.3. In what part of the hero’s characterization is it more appropriate to express the author’s position and his own attitude towards the hero?
- 4th stage. Writing an introduction and conclusion to a work
- 4.1. Do the introduction and conclusion relate to the main body of the essay?
- 4.2. How are the introduction and conclusion related?
- 4.3. To whom are the opening and closing words of the essay addressed?
- 4.4. Are the ending and the beginning of the work original or quite traditional in thought?
- 5th stage. Editing a draft work
- 5.1. Does the writing style match the topic and genre of the work?
- 5.2. Are there unreasonably long quotes or repetitions in the work?
- 5.3. Are the author's and reader's positions clearly expressed?
- 5.4. Does the essay have an addressee? (Direction of speech).
- 5.5. What is the nature of reflection: a statement of the given materials, reflection on them, the desire to include an imaginary interlocutor in the dialogue?
- 6th stage. Discussion of written works in class
- 6.1. Reading drafts of essays in class (fragments of works, individual compositional parts).
- 6.2. Reading out 1-2 works. (Encourages, comments, recommendations).
- 7th stage. Writing an essay
- 8th stage. Analysis of works. Grade
- Svirina N. M. Literature 8th grade. Part 2: textbook / ed. V. G. Marantsman.M. : Enlightenment. 2001. pp. 105-152.
- Svirina N. M. “Happiness has no tomorrow.” The story of I. S. Turgenev “Asya” // Literature: methodological recommendations. 8th grade / ed. V. G. Marantsman. M.: Education, 2004. pp. 128-140.
"Asya" Heroes
A Russian boy and girl meet abroad, in a small German town. Southern Germany, the banks of the Rhine, were famous for the beauty of the landscape, interesting tourist routes, and the caring service of fashionable hotels.
Mr. N.
The main character of the work, it is he who tells us the story of his acquaintance with the strange girl Asya.
The hero is 25 years old, he travels around Europe, enjoying freedom, wealth and youth. In almost every town he has a lady of his heart
Before meeting Asya, he feels in his heart love for a beautiful widow who rejected him
In one German town, the hero meets Asya and Gagin. A good relationship develops between them, N. becomes a welcome guest in the house of Asya and Gagin. A strong feeling gradually arises between Asya and N. The heroine is ready to do anything for love, but N. was afraid of responsibility.
Later, the hero regrets his betrayal and wants to fix everything, but he missed his chance. Asya will tell him about this in a farewell note. Having recognized N well enough, Gagin and his sister decided to leave without waiting for an answer. They understood that Mr. N was not yet ripe for such an important decision, and as time passed he would regret it.
In a fit of feeling, the hero rushed to catch up with Asya, but fate decreed that he would not catch them.
He consoled himself with the thought that he probably would not have been happy with such a wife." From the last chapter of the story we learn that the hero never met his love, he lives as a lonely man and still keeps the memory of Asa.
Among the numerous series of women he had, only this girl left a deep mark on his soul.
A young girl living in a German town with her brother Gagin.
surrounded by wild, original character, intelligence, emotionality, impetuosity. “Asya was extremely understanding, she studied well, better than anyone; but she didn’t want to fit in with the general level, she was stubborn, she looked like a beech...”
I'm ready to do anything for love.
She experiences a deep, strong feeling for Mr. N.. A. confesses her love to him and says that she is ready to follow him to the ends of the world.
Gagin
Asya's older brother, a traveling Russian nobleman, an amateur artist.
Owning a significant fortune and not depending on anyone, he decides to devote himself to painting and for this purpose he travels around Europe.
He is gentle, good-natured and sweet.
This is “the Russian soul, truthful, honest, simple, but, unfortunately, a little sluggish, without tenacity and inner heat”
Father of Asya and Gagin
was a man “very kind, smart, educated - and unhappy.” Having lost his wife early, he transferred all his love to his son. Gagin Sr. “raised himself and would never have parted” with his only child. But the capital’s relatives convinced the father to give his “decent son” a noble upbringing.
The main character of Turgenev's story, on whose behalf the story is told, is a twenty-five-year-old rich man traveling, in his own words, “without any goal, without a plan.” The young man is unfamiliar with painful thoughts about the meaning of existence. The only thing that guides the hero in life is his own desire: “I was healthy, young, cheerful, money was not transferred to me, worries did not have time to arise - I lived without looking back, did what I wanted, prospered, in a word, - the narrator admits “...I lived without looking back.”
“Without looking back” is an indicator of the degree of his social emancipation, which is determined not only and not so much by the unburdenedness of all kinds of everyday worries and the lack of thinking about tomorrow, but by a certain freedom in moral and ethical terms.
“Without looking back” means without thinking about the consequences of one’s actions, “without taking responsibility for the fate of one’s neighbor.”
“Without regard” thus implies absolute freedom of desires and actions without any moral obligations on one’s part.
As we can see, the character of the hero of the story is set by the author from the very beginning as quite contradictory. On the one hand, being attuned to the wave of his own desires indicates a certain selfishness of his nature. At the same time, the hero’s deep inner need is an attraction to society, and this contradicts egoism. He is driven by curiosity, a genuine interest in the world, in people: “It amused me to watch people... but I didn’t even watch them, I looked at them with some kind of joyful and insatiable curiosity.” However, the hero’s aspiration to meet people is partly imaginary, because the role of an outside observer implies a certain elevation above the people around him, isolation from society. But at the same time, along with the desire to take the position of a leader, he does not experience the slightest discomfort from the position of a follower: “In the crowd it was always especially easy and joyful for me; it was fun for me to go where others were going, to shout when others shouted, and at the same time I loved to watch these others scream." Let us note that in the end it was precisely the fact that the hero’s freedom of expression turned out to be, it was precisely the dependence on the opinion of the “crowd”, on common social class prejudices that prevented the hero from finding happiness: having fallen in love, he never dared to connect his fate with a girl of lower origin, illegitimate daughter of a landowner.
Turgenev masterfully shows the origin and evolution of love feelings in the hero. On the first date, the girl whom Mr. N. saw seemed very pretty to him.
Next - a conversation in the Gagins' house, Asya's somewhat strange behavior, a moonlit night, a boat, Asya on the shore, throwing out an unexpected phrase: "You drove into the moon pillar, you broke it...", the sounds of Lanner's waltz - this is enough for the hero to feel feeling unreasonably happy. Somewhere in the depths of his soul the thought of love is born, but he does not give it a go. Soon, with pleasure, even with hidden complacency, the hero begins to guess that Asya loves him. He drowns in this blissful sweet feeling, not wanting to look into himself and speed up events. Asya is not like that. Having fallen in love, she is ready for the most extreme decisions. And these decisions are required from the hero. But when Gagin starts talking about marriage, N.N. again avoids answering, just as he once left him in a conversation with Asya about wings. Having calmed Gagin, he begins to talk “as coolly as possible” about what should be done in connection with Asya’s note. And then, left alone, thinking about what had happened, he notes: “Her love both pleased and embarrassed me... The inevitability of a quick, almost instantaneous decision tormented me...” And he comes to the conclusion: “Marrying a seventeen-year-old girl, with her character, how is that possible!”
The structure of the narrator's image in the story is very complex. From the first sentence of the story, we understand that this story was written down from the words of N.N. The one who supposedly wrote it down reveals himself with just two words: “... N.N. began.” Then N.N. tells the story of his love; at this time he is probably about fifty years old. Several N.N.s coexist simultaneously in the story:
N. N. is fifty years old;
N.N. twenty-five years old - as he was in reality (revealed in his actions);
N.N. at twenty-five years old is the way N.N. sees him at fifty years old (discovered through attempts at self-analysis).
The story takes the form of memories, which N.N. shares twenty-five years after meeting Asya. Temporary distance is necessary for Turgenev in order to give the aged hero the opportunity to look at himself from the outside, to pass judgment on himself.
Thus, the reader sees N.N. - a young man of about twenty-five, cheerful, carefree, living for his own pleasure. He subtly senses the beauty of nature, is observant, well-read, has acquired knowledge in the field of painting and music, is sociable, and has an interest in the world around him and in people. But he is indifferent to work, and he has no need for it. Nevertheless, with all his advantages and disadvantages, he managed to touch Asya’s heart.
Recently I read the story “Asya” by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev. I didn’t know what it was about and, when I saw the title, I thought that it would be spoken from the perspective of the main character, Asya. But, as you can see, I was wrong.
The story is told by the main character - a man who came to a small German town. There he meets another Russian family - brother and sister Gagin.
Asya is Gagina's sister. At the beginning of the story, it is not at all clear what relation it has to the title of the story. The author names the work in such a way as to make the reader understand who the key characters really are.
Asya's real name is Anna. But throughout the entire story she is addressed only by the name Asya. Why is this happening? The answer can be found if you find out the meanings of these two names: Anna is grace and comeliness, and Asya is born again. After reading the work, we understand that Turgenev did not choose the name for the heroine by chance. Anna is a girl of noble origin, by nature she is a true lady, but she has a hard time in life, she is in danger and she has to lead a “double life”, pretending to be a completely different person. That's why the author calls her “born again” - she finds a new life.
In the story, neither the narrator nor Gagin have names. I think the author did this on purpose, used it as a kind of artistic device to further emphasize that Asya is the main character of the story and all attention should be focused on her person.
Narrator - N.N. - appears before us in a not very clear image. Nowhere is his appearance specifically described. We only know that at the time when the events described in the story took place, he was twenty-five years old. In fact, this is where the story begins. He himself is a kind and open person. He is more interested in people, characters and actions than in monuments, museums, and nature. In a crowd of people he felt much freer than alone in nature. This, in my opinion, speaks of his sociability and desire to get to know people. I think this is its key feature.
The author gives us exactly the image of Gagin. Gagin is a handsome young man. “Gagin had just such a face, sweet, affectionate, with big soft eyes and soft curly hair.” This is how the narrator Gagina describes it. According to his (the narrator’s) words, it is immediately clear that he is more than cordially disposed towards Gagin. Gagin is an open, sympathetic, truthful, loving person.
Asya is a very pretty girl. “There was something special about her dark, round face, with a small thin nose...” "She was gracefully built." In general, Asya’s character is quite difficult to grasp. She is always different, as if every meeting with the narrator she played some role. “A chameleon girl,” is how N.N. described her. This is the main characteristic feature of Asya.
N.N. and Gagina immediately established very warm friendly relations. I think that this happened out of a common love for Asya. at the beginning N.N. simply liked Gagin because he was a gentle and happy person. The narrator valued these qualities very much. Later, when they got to know each other better, Asya became the thread that firmly tied the ties of friendship.
Later, having become very close to the narrator, Gagin decided to reveal a family secret to him. It turned out that Asya is Gagin's half-sister. Her mother is the former maid of Gagina's deceased mother. Asya lived with her father for nine years and did not know Gagin, but after his death Gagin took her in and they became very close, although at first Asya was shy about Gagin. I think that Gagin told this story to N.N. because I realized how partial Asya is to N.N.
N.N. and Asya immediately develop mutual sympathy. Later, sympathy grew into something more. N.N. was attracted to Asa by her soul, her state of mind, her incomprehensible actions and mood swings. But Asya thought that N.N. despises her, which is why she told Gagin that she loves no one but him. But later she still could not stand it and confessed everything to her brother, after which she asked to immediately leave the city with him. After much thought, N.N. I got confused and drove myself into a dead end. Asya, apparently, was also completely confused. In the end, be that as it may, everything ended extremely sadly. Asya and Gagin left the city. No matter how hard N.N. tried, he was never able to pick up their trail. And yet, not a single woman could replace the narrator Asya. This once again tells us that true love never dies...
“Asya” is one of the best works in Russian and world literature. In this story, the theme of strange, incomprehensible, complex love appears. Turgenev tried to convey the experiences, emotions, and feelings of the main characters as accurately as possible.
Mr. N.N. is the narrator in this story; it is from his perspective that everything is narrated. He tells the reader about a sweet, very young girl, Asya. It was from Mr. N.N. we learn about everything that happens in the story. You can even draw a parallel between Mister N.N. and Turgenev. After all, our writer and main character are very similar, especially in character.
Mr. N.N. a young eccentric man with a little, a lot of 25 years of life behind him. By nature, he is a traveler who loves to learn something new and unknown, even mysterious. He is a young, rich man. His hobby is observing people's lives, their actions, and the way they communicate. Overall, he makes a good impression. The main character is a harmonious personality who has already taken place in life.
Mr. N.N. It’s impossible to imagine without sister Gagina. Asya is a young, sweet girl. Her behavior as a couple is surprising, but at the same time she is very shy and hidden within herself. Her mannerisms are more like those of a teenager. But this girl always says what she thinks and never lies. All that Asya evokes in the reader, as well as in Mr. N., is awe, care and tenderness.
Our main character is in confusion. She wants to plunge headlong into feelings, but at the same time she does not want to lose her balance. He always lives harmoniously and faithfully.
Asya is the girl who is not used to being silent. It was very difficult for her to overcome herself and open up, admit her feelings to the Master. But the hero did not accept her revelations. He is afraid of change, afraid of losing what he has. He is not ready to lose what he has. Namely, peace of mind and your well-being.
After the Master’s refusal, Gagin takes the girl to another city, without the opportunity to ever meet her lover. At that moment, Asya was depressed and upset and, probably, this was the best way out of this situation.
Our hero, Mr. N.N. and remained alone. He was still alone with himself and nature. Of course, he had other women who loved him, but he did not love them at all. But it was Asya who was able to leave a trace of love in his big and warm heart.
Essay Characteristics of Mr. H.H.
The main character of the work is a certain Mr. N.N., on whose behalf the story is told.
The image of the main character is revealed by the writer through the history of his relationship with the girl Asya.
At the age of twenty-five, a young man travels around European countries, experiencing a desire to make new acquaintances and a curiosity to understand the world around him. Being a free and young man, not burdened with financial problems, he enjoys traveling, starting frivolous and optional romances with the female sex in each new city.
In one of the German towns, having attended a student party, the gentleman meets the family of the amateur artist Gagin and his half-sister named Asya, with whom the young man develops good friendships. Often visiting the Gagins' house, Mr. N.N. shares with the artist the story of his unhappy love for a young widow. In response, Gagin tells the young man about the origins of his family. It turned out that Asya is only the artist’s half-sister, who lost her father and mother at an early age.
Mr. N.N., looking at the girl, perceives her as an eccentric and strange person, with a rapidly changing mood in her own behavior, reminding him of a chameleon lizard. However, later the young man realizes the reasons for Asya’s behavior, which are due to the girl’s shy nature and the lack of practical advice from her relatives. Since, having been orphaned, Asya is deprived of parental care and affection, and her half-brother, who lives nearby, due to spinelessness and excessive kindness, is not able to teach the girl the wisdom of life.
After some time, the young man begins to experience tender feelings for Asya, and the girl reciprocates his feelings, ready to take decisive action for her lover. However, the indecisive young man, frightened of responsibility, does not have time to propose marriage to the girl, so the Gagin family hastily leaves the city and leaves without leaving a new address.
Mr. N.N. Subsequently, he never finds his personal happiness, living alone and keeping the bright memory of his feelings for Asa, which left tender and beautiful memories in his soul.
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