How to get land from the state for free. All-Russian distribution of land plots in the Far East

The territory occupied by the ancient Koreans in the second half of the 1st millennium BC. included modern Korea, South Manchuria, and the Liaodong Peninsula. Farmers lived in the forests and valleys, and hunters lived in the mountains. Already by the 7th century. BC the ancient Koreans switched to making bronze tools; in the last centuries BC Iron tools and weapons quickly spread.

The first ancient Korean state of Joseon emerged in the 3rd century. BC; its basis was fairly developed agriculture. Joseon was located on the Liaodong Peninsula and modern North Korea.

In the 1st century BC in the north-west there was a unification of tribes around the Koguryo tribe, as a result of which the state of Koguryo was formed (north of the Korean Peninsula and south of Manchuria); in the south, such processes took place around the Khan tribe - the state of Silla was formed. The most powerful was the state of Koguryo, whose rulers successfully fought the Han Empire and achieved complete independence.

Society was divided into classes - the nobility, the ruling class, headed by the monarch; slaves are known, replenished from prisoners of war, who were used mainly in the household. The legally free, but economically dependent population of the state – the “lower households” – was the largest exploited class.

In the 1st-2nd centuries. AD the ruler of Koguryo already possessed all the power of the monarch. He relied on the military service nobility, divided into 12 ranks. The military nature of the organization of the state was due to frequent wars with the Han states. At this time, laws were issued that consolidated the class division of society and the privileges of the ruling class. There were harsh punishments for crimes against property.

By 4th century AD the unification of the southwestern part of the peninsula under the leadership of Baekje ended; to the 5th century the state of Silla strengthened in the southeastern part.

The main direction of foreign policy is the fight against Han China.

States of Southeast Asia in ancient times

Favorable environmental conditions of this region (high temperatures and humidity, rich flora) led to an increased role of gathering, and already in the Mesolithic (8 thousand BC) people switched to a productive economy (cultivation of legumes and melons). In the Neolithic, a type of rice farming developed here, which was more or less the same for ancient Southeast Asia. The territory of this region in ancient times occupied the area of ​​the Xijiang and Yangtze valleys with right tributaries, its periphery was the Ganges valley. The main ancient peoples are the Austroasiatics (Mons, Khmers) in its continental part, the Austronesians (Malays, Javanese) in the continental part. The most developed were the Autroasian regions of Southern Indochina, where already in 5 thousand BC. the population moved to the Chalcolithic, and in 4 thousand. - to the Bronze Age. However, by 2 thousand BC. The economic development of this region began to lag behind its neighbors. The complex river regime made it difficult to create the irrigation systems necessary for rice cultivation. For a long time, the population lived in small rural communities engaged in rice farming.

Only in the late Bronze Age, during the Dong Son civilization (in the village of Dong Son in Northern Vietnam), fortified settlements began to emerge and the first states began to emerge.

The oldest written sources, written in peculiar hieroglyphs, were discovered not so long ago, and their number is negligible. Basic information is contained in ancient epigraphic literature in Sanskrit. An important role is played by medieval chronicles (Vietian, Mon), as well as evidence from ancient Chinese, ancient Indian and ancient authors.

The early class states of this region can be divided into 4 groups:

States of Northeast Indochina and the northern coast of the South China Sea.

States of Southern Indochina.

States of the ancient Indonesians on the Malacca Peninsula and Archipelago.

States of the central part of Northern Indochina and adjacent areas.

Of the states in North Vietnam, the more northern states were best known, primarily the kingdom of Yue (Viet). Own written sources have not been preserved, but archaeological data indicate the presence in this region (Northern Vietnam, the lower reaches of the Hong River) of a very ancient and distinctive state. The Yue Kingdom arose in the 7th century. BC in the lower reaches of the Yangtze. The main occupation of the population is irrigated rice cultivation. In the 4th-3rd centuries. BC 5 states are known in this territory (they probably arose much earlier): Van Lang (then Aulak) in the lower reaches of the Hong, further to the east Teyau, Nam Viet, etc.

Most developed in the 3rd century. BC There were the states of Aulak and Nam Viet. the bulk of the exploited population are small community producers; there were also slaves, which is confirmed by sources. The head of the state is the Vuong (monarch). The beliefs of the ancient Viet were based on the cult of ancestors, spirits of the earth; they revered the dragon crocodile and waterfowl.

In 221-214. BC Aulak, Teyau and Nam Viet fought against the Qin Empire, during which only Aulak retained independence, annexing part of Teyau. Nam Viet only regained its independence after the fall of the Qin Empire; Both countries united into one Nam Viet Aulak. In the 2nd century BC in East and Southeast Asia, this state was second in strength only to the Han Empire. The basis of the economy was rice-producing farms. Crafts existed, trade played an important role, and there were large cities. The social and class structure becomes more complex, slavery further develops, and the state apparatus becomes more complex. From the beginning of the 2nd century. BC rulers strive to unite neighboring states under their rule and wage successful wars with the Han Empire. However, in 111 BC the country was captured by Emperor Wudi, but the establishment of Han rule was not accompanied by significant interference in internal life.

A special group of ancient states in Southeast Asia in the 3rd-2nd centuries. BC consisted of the mountainous ancient Thai states of Dien and Elan. Cattle breeding plays a significant role here. The processes of formation of class society led to the emergence of early slaveholding societies here. The slave class was replenished from among the subordinate ethnic groups.

At the beginning of the 1st century. AD The administration of the Han Empire attempted mass assimilation of the population of North Vietnam, but encountered resistance. In 40-44. During the uprising of the Two Sisters (leaders were the Trung sisters), independence was restored within the boundaries of ancient Aulak. However, attempts to restore political control continued only in the 1st-2nd centuries. AD The Han Empire began a gradual transfer of power to the local nobility.

In the 3rd-5th centuries. AD Buddhism spread here, becoming the main religion until the 12th-13th centuries. During these same centuries, Chinese culture spread.

At the turn of our era, class societies emerged in all the major river valleys of Indochina and Indonesia. The leading social unit is the small rural community. Each of the states (Aulak, Bapnom (Funan), Srikshetra, the small Mon states in southern Burma, the Malay states of the Malacca Peninsula, the early Javanese states) were located around a specific political-economic core - a densely populated rice-growing region and its capital. As a rule, the capital was the largest city and port. Many states conducted maritime trade.

There is no fixed division into varnas, castes or ranks in the structure of the ruling class. The class of small community members depended on the state or a specific landowner. The main branch of production is agriculture. The state was closely connected with the priesthood, which depended on the state. The supreme power appropriated many religious functions to itself. The main form of exploitation was rent-tax in favor of the state or representatives of the highest aristocracy (with the consent of the state).

Most of the Mon and Khmer states arose around the 1st century. AD The largest, Bapnom, united during its heyday the entire flatland of Southern Indochina. At the turn of the 2nd-3rd centuries. the ancient Khmer monarchs (Kurungs) switched to wars of conquest. The most famous of the monarchs was Fanshiman, who built a strong fleet and captured a number of neighboring states and tribal territories. Bapnom intensified to 4v. AD, irrigation and temple construction was carried out, Hinduism and Buddhism spread, and the power of the monarch was strengthened. However, in the 5th - early 6th century. the state ceased to exist due to the strengthening of northern groups.

In the island world in the 1st-4th centuries. AD 2 groups of states emerged: western (Malay) and eastern (Javanese). Western - Sumatran states and state formations of the Melaka Peninsula. Foreign trade (mainly spices) plays a large role in their country. The most famous states are Lankasuka, Kataha and Tambralinga. Travelers noted the splendor of their courtyards and the strength of their armies. The level of culture was also high (Sanskrit literature, writing and language, Hindu and Buddhist beliefs).

Among the Javanese states, the most famous are Taruma in West Java and Mulawarmana in Kalimantan (4th-5th centuries). Their social structure is similar to that of Bpnom.

On the eastern coast of the Indochina Peninsula was the state of Tjampa, which in its agrarian structure resembled Vietnamese society. It is a maritime trading power with a strong navy and regular trade connections. Culturally it was part of the Indonesian world and they were influenced in many ways by the Khmer. Relations with the Han Empire were characterized by alternating wars with diplomatic missions and contacts.

Relations between the atamans and Omsk worsened after Vice Admiral Alexander Kolchak seized power there on November 18, 1918. Kolchak declared himself the “supreme ruler of Russia.” Semyonov and two other Far Eastern chieftains refused to recognize him in this capacity.

At the same time, Semyonov negotiated directly with other Cossack and White Guard leaders. So, in December 1918, an emissary of the Orenburg Cossack army, Colonel Rudakov, came to him with a request to provide assistance to the Orenburg Cossacks, who were in a difficult situation due to the advance of the Red Army. Semyonov ordered the allocation of a division and three armored trains to help the Orenburg residents, but the Orenburg ataman Alexander Dutov allegedly refused to accept this help for political reasons - due to the fact that Semyonov did not obey Kolchak. However, it is not clear how such a military force could be sent from Transbaikalia through the territory controlled by Kolchak in conditions of almost a military conflict between him and Semyonov.

Semyonov declared a blockade of “white Siberia” from the Far East and did not allow cargo sent by the allies to Kolchak along the Trans-Siberian Railway. They had to deliver them via the Northern Sea Route, through the mouth of the Ob, and this route opened only in the summer of 1919. Thus, during the decisive period of its struggle against the Bolsheviks, in the winter of 1918/19 and spring of 1919, Kolchak’s army was completely deprived of material supplies from the allies, which was not the last reason for its defeat.

All negotiations on the subordination of the Far Eastern Cossacks to Kolchak were disrupted by Semyonov, behind whom stood the Japanese. At the end of December 1918, Kolchak, in a letter to the commander-in-chief of the White armies in the south of Russia, General Anton Denikin (Denikin himself received this letter only in April 1919), complained that “the so-called atamans Semyonov, Kalmykov, Gamov, supported by the Japanese, with their gangs form a hostile me group and the issues with them have not yet been settled, since the Japanese openly intervened and prevented me from bringing Semenov into submission with armed force.”

These lines are significant in many ways. Firstly, it is clear that Kolchak (and not Semyonov) was the initiator of an acute conflict, striving to achieve the unconditional submission of the chieftains and not allowing compromises. But why on earth should Semyonov, who participated in the fight against the Bolsheviks from the first days of the civil war, obey a hitherto unknown vice admiral brought to Omsk by the British? Secondly, Kolchak calls the Far Eastern Cossacks “gangs” not because of their atrocities, but only because of the insubordination of their atamans. This makes us suspect that the emphasis on these atrocities was subsequently placed deliberately, and in fact, the Far Eastern atamans were no different in this regard from Kolchak himself and the atamans loyal to him (Dutova, Annenkova, etc.).

From year to year, the population of Siberia and the Far East is thinning; in 2012–2015 alone, the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) lost 90 thousand people. If the trend continues, there will be no one to develop the richest region of the country, so the project on the free distribution of lands in the Far East became law in record time. Under what conditions and who can apply for plots in the Far Eastern Federal District?

“If we don’t populate Siberia, we will inevitably lose it” (Eduard Limonov)

Since September 2015, the Ministry of Eastern Development has been developing a project that determines who and how can receive land in the Far East for free. Law No. 119-FZ of 05/01/16 “On the specifics of providing citizens with land plots ... included in the Far Eastern Federal District...” came into force on 06/01/16. The main goal of the initiative is to stop the extinction of the region: to attract people from other districts and retain their own. The law provides any resident of the country with free ownership of 1 hectare of land in the Far East with the condition that the site be developed for its intended purpose within 5 years.

Why populate the Far East

The outflow of the population of Western Siberia and the Far Eastern Federal District is the result of internal migration: able-bodied citizens are moving to more “grain-producing” European regions of the country that are promising in terms of activity and earnings. The strongest center of attraction for Russians is Moscow.

The statistics for the Far East are sadder than those for neighboring Western Siberia simply because the latter region successfully replenishes its population with migrants from neighboring Asian CIS countries. The Far East for Uzbeks, Tajiks and Kyrgyz is inconvenient and really far away.

In the Novosibirsk region in 2015, the total population growth was 80% due to migration and only 20% due to natural growth. At the same time, more than a third of migrants come from the CIS, a figure that is growing annually.

At the same time, the Far Eastern Federal District is the richest region of Russia - forests, fields and rivers, occupying more than a third of the country's area.

There is one inhabitant for every square kilometer of the Far East. It is clear that the statistics are spoiled by the sparsely populated Chukotka and Yakutia with an inhospitable climate for living and almost any activity. But even after analyzing the territory and excluding the “bear corners”, 23% of the lands of the Far Eastern Federal District (140 million hectares) were recognized as suitable for development. Thus, 1.4 out of 6.17 million sq. km of the total area of ​​the region await its owners.

The essence of the project: how to get a hectare of land for free

Who can claim a Far Eastern hectare? Any citizen of the Russian Federation once. Upon collective application (allowed for groups of up to 10 citizens inclusive), a plot of land is issued at the rate of 1 hectare per person. For example, a family of 3 people will be able to get 3 hectares. Those wishing to receive land enter into a five-year agreement for free use of the site.

How can the resulting hectare be used? For any lawful purpose. At the same time, it is necessary to inform about the chosen type of use (to create a personal subsidiary or dacha farm, individual housing construction (IHC), gardening, etc.) within a year from the date of concluding a contract for free use.

It is worth considering that due to climatic, geographical and other features, the regions of the region have different economic potential. For the organization of production and agriculture, the most favorable are the Khabarovsk Territory, the Amur Region, and the Jewish Autonomous Region; for the tourism business and the creation of recreational areas - Sakhalin, the Kamchatka Territory and Primorsky.

When and what kind of land can be registered as a property? If the site has been developed for its stated purpose for 5 years of free use, and during the specified period the user has not violated land/forestry legislation (or eliminated the violations in a timely manner):

• forest fund lands are provided for long-term lease (up to 49 years);
• others are provided free of charge within the limits of 1 hectare per citizen.

Article 7 of the law contains 25 reasons why an applicant may be denied a plot. Thus, it is impossible to obtain land reserved for state/municipal needs or investment projects located on the territory of traditional environmental management of indigenous peoples. Plots in special economic zones, priority/territorial development zones, etc. are not subject to distribution. In the field of agriculture, the Far Eastern Federal District is aimed at close cooperation with Northeast China, therefore part of the region’s land resources is “reserved” for current and future joint projects.

So far, plots of land are provided to Russian citizens only in nine pilot areas. Already in October 2016, the remaining territories of the Far Eastern Federal District will be connected to the project, and from February next year, every resident of the Russian Federation will be able to receive a Far Eastern hectare.

Law No. 119-FZ established some restrictions regarding the received plots. Firstly, lands transferred for free use, ownership or lease cannot be transferred to foreigners (citizens and organizations) on any basis (sale, lease, etc.). Secondly, local authorities have the right to exclude from the distribution the territories of settlements and near them: within a radius of 10 km from areas with a population of over 50 thousand people and 20 km - with a population of over 300 thousand. Most likely, business will have to be organized outside the infrastructure of cities and villages.

Far Eastern hectare - in 5 steps and 30 days

The law provides for the creation of a special information system (IS) for the project to carry out the procedure electronically. The new resource - https://nadalniyvostok.rf/ - allows you to obtain a plot remotely, without traveling to the Far Eastern Federal District.

Find out what options for state support for small businesses are available in the Russian Federation.

Examples from the past, or Farmers not to worry

According to Law No. 119-FZ, the purposes for using land can be anything, from individual housing construction to organizing any business. However, based on the nature of the business plans proposed on the IS website, one gets the impression that the Far East is primarily looking for “developers” of agricultural land and forestry. Agrarian colonization of Asian Russia is not a new phenomenon. How was this organized in the past?

Beginning in the second half of the 19th century, resettlement to Western and Eastern Siberia occurred with varying degrees of success and varying degrees of state involvement:

• few and little controlled by the authorities cases of migration of peasants beyond the Urals in 1870-1890. were associated with the abolition of serfdom and represented an unauthorized seizure of land;
• The resettlement was revitalized by the initiatives of S. Yu. Witte in 1890-1906, the state offered minor assistance to those leaving;
• the most effective, well-organized influx of population into Siberia and the Far East was initiated by P. A. Stolypin and lasted from 1906 to 1914.

During the period 1861-1905, approximately 1.82 million people migrated to Siberia (Western and Eastern), during 1906-1914 - 3.04 million (about 2% of the population of Russia), a total of 4.86 million people. Agrarian colonization of the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries gave the Central zone of Siberia more than 3 million inhabitants, the Far East (Primorye and Amur region) - about 500 thousand inhabitants.

Over the 8 years of Stolypin-style resettlement, 1.7 times more people settled in Asian Russia than in the previous 40 years. The success is explained by the excellent organization of the process and sufficient funding: the placement and arrangement of new settlers was handled by the Resettlement Administration, whose budget in 1914 amounted to 30 million rubles (in 1894 - less than 1 million).

Soon in the Far East every Russian will be able to get his own hectare of land. Unlike the Stolypin project, the modern project for settling the Far Eastern Federal District does not provide for loans for development, preferential relocation, or Stolypin carriages for transporting livestock and belongings. The state will not form a network of local resettlement organizations; is not bothered by preliminary land surveying, construction of roads, new hospitals and schools, or laying out communications; does not organize warehouses with agricultural machinery. Today, land in the Far East is offered “as is”; everything else necessary for life and business in an essentially undeveloped region must “grow” on its own.

But the main difference between today's government social initiative and the project of the century before last is the area of ​​allocated land. During the time of intensive settlement of Siberia (1906-1914), the land norm was 15-20 dessiatines per male soul, i.e. 16-22 hectares (1 dessiatine = 1.09 hectares). Serving people, former Cossacks and officers, were offered 30-50 and 200 acres, respectively. Another century - different agricultural technologies? Let's see how much land is needed to implement modern projects, the business plans of which are published in the IP.

* - Business plans indicate a minimum area.

Thus, on 1-2 hectares, only projects to create a rabbit farm, a nursery for growing fruit and berry crops and private plots are realistic. The development of other farms requires larger territories. If we take into account the good agricultural potential of some of the regions’ subjects, the “stinginess” of the law in relation to potential farmers is surprising. But increasing the area of ​​land plots at least to the Stolypin minimum (15-20 hectares) could not only give the project a more “farmer” flavor, but also give tangible results.

“A peasant farm can be created only on 30-50 hectares. But you can’t create anything on one hectare, just install Chinese greenhouses all over the place - then it will pay off” (German Sterligov)

Thus, the project developers do not rely on agricultural projects (at least with the participation of Russian SMEs), just as they do not consider the distribution of Far Eastern hectares a measure to intensify the economic activity of the region. Economic returns from the initiative are expected, but only as a delayed effect. The stated goal of the adopted law is to increase the interest of Russians in the Far East, that is, to attract “metropolitan residents” closer to the Pacific Ocean.

In terms of its goals and prospects for Russians, the launched project is rather vague. But the stone is thrown, let's see what kind of circles there will be on the water.

Since 2016, Russians have the opportunity to own 1 hectare (10,000 sq.m.) of land in the Far East. The adopted law aroused wide interest among the citizens of our country: how will they be distributed and to whom will they be entitled?

The Far East is one of the regions with extremely low population density. The law on Far Eastern hectares is aimed at solving this problem. According to the Ministry of Eastern Development, in the Far Eastern Federal District today there are 600 million hectares of land, while here only 2 million hectares are used.

The agency indicates that 147 million hectares can be used for development. Thus, if desired, every Russian has the right to become a full-fledged Far Eastern landowner (the total population of Russia does not exceed 146 million people).

In the Khabarovsk Territory alone, Russians have access to up to 0.915 million hectares of forest fund and another 11,400 hectares of former state farm land.

The law on the distribution of land in the Far Eastern Federal District (119-FZ) was signed by the president in May 2016.

Its full title: “On the peculiarities of providing land plots in the Far Eastern Federal District.”

The Federal Law provides for the allocation of free land plots to everyone who lives in the Far East or would like to move here. Owners can be individuals and individual entrepreneurs. The plot can be used at your own discretion: to create your own business, run a business, etc.

For those planning to move to the Far East, the Government has provided a number of additional benefits and privileges.

Thus, it is planned to provide comprehensive support to the development of the agricultural industry and provide displaced people with preferential rates on mortgage loans.

Also, migrants to the Far North will be able to use the already existing social guarantees and allowances:

• “northern” salary increases in the amount of 30-100% depending on length of service;
• shortened working week for women (36 hours);
• payment for vacation necessary for moving and settling in;
• additional leave up to 24 days;
• payment for travel to and from the place of annual vacation (no more than 2 times per year);
• early labor pension;
• bonus for work experience and status of a young specialist.

It is planned to provide comprehensive support for small businesses in the form of grants and subsidies, assistance to cooperatives in installing power grids and constructing infrastructure facilities.

According to research by VTsIOM, 29 million people showed interest in moving (among them, much fewer are actually ready to move). These are mainly people under the age of 24.

The most popular regions for moving are: Primorye, Khabarovsk Territory and Amur Region.

Who has the right to receive land

Applications began to be processed in June 2016 and initially only residents of the Far Eastern regions can apply.

The project is currently being implemented in nine pilot regions:

• Khankaisky district (Primorye);
• Amur (Khabarovsk Territory);
• Oktyabrsky (Jewish Autonomous Region);
• Neryungri region (Yakutia);
• Olsk (Magadan region);
• Ust-Bolsheretsky (Kamchatka Territory);
• Tymovsky (Sakhalin region);
• Anadyr (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug);
• Arkharinsky (Amur region).

According to the Ministry of Eastern Development, these regions were not chosen randomly, but based on transport accessibility and quality of communication. For those interested in farming, only three regions are suitable: Primorsky Krai, Amur Region and Jewish Autonomous Okrug.

From February 2017, all Russians will have the opportunity to apply for plots, regardless of their place of residence.

The law especially emphasizes that only Russians can receive land. Foreigners do not even have the opportunity to rent it, let alone take ownership of it. We are talking about foreign individuals and legal entities, as well as stateless persons.

It is also possible to register not ownership rights, but . A citizen can submit an application for re-registration of property rights before the expiration of the five-year period.

There is one exception: if land from the forest fund is transferred to a citizen, it cannot be transferred into ownership. In this case, a citizen has the right to take possession of the land only after 10 years and subject to the transfer of land from the forest fund to another category.

During the first year, the land user needs to decide how exactly he plans to use the land entrusted to him. Authorized authorities must be notified about this through the website. After three years, a declaration on the use of the site is filled out. The approved use of land can always be changed.

Throughout the entire period, the user must pay land tax.

If the state commission finds out that the site has never been developed, then the agreement for free use will be terminated by the state unilaterally. In this case, local authorities will have to prove in court the fact of misuse. It is the court that makes the final decision on the transfer of land.

What the concept of “land has been developed” means is not yet entirely clear, as this issue has not yet been regulated by additional legal acts. With land for individual housing construction, everything is more or less clear: within five years, some kind of building needs to be built and registered there.

By law, land is not provided within urban districts and settlements.

There is one problem: plots are allocated in areas that are at least 10 km away from populated areas (if we are talking about a small city of up to 50 thousand people) or 20 km for populated areas with a population of more than 300 thousand people.

How to get land?

The process of obtaining a “Far Eastern hectare” is quite simple: the application can be submitted electronically.

The procedure for obtaining land consists of 6 stages:

1. Registration on the State Services portal.
2. Login to your personal account on the official website of NaDalniyVostok.rf using the created login/password on the State Services portal.
3. Formation of the boundaries of the preferred site on the public cadastral map.
4. Confirm your choice.
5. Formation of an application in electronic form and confirmation of its sending to the authorized bodies. You must first check the correctness of the information provided. All the above steps should take the user no more than 15 minutes.
6. After completing the application, the authorized body must register the selected site and issue a resolution on its transfer for free use.
7. At the final stage, a free use agreement is signed.

Registration will take no more than 30 days.

Going through all of these stages is absolutely free for the user. In the applicant’s personal account you can always see a list of documents, the status of their consideration, as well as information about the site:

1. its location diagram,
2. characteristics (area, perimeter, aerial photography)
3. and the statement itself.

In some cases, cadastral work will be required.

They are free for the applicant and are carried out at the expense of the budget.

Information about the engineers (organizations) authorized to carry out work in the selected territory with whom the contract is concluded will be available in your personal account.

Based on the results of cadastral work, the applicant will be provided in electronic and paper form with a technical plan, an inspection report and from the cadastral register.

If a citizen does not have access to the Internet, then it is possible to submit an application through the MFC, by sending a letter to authorized government agencies or through Rosreestr.

In this case, the following information must be indicated in the application:

• Full name, place of residence, SNILS and passport details;
• cadastral number of the plot;
• details of the decision on land surveying or approval of the survey project;
• the type of title under which the applicant would like to purchase the plot;
• purpose of land use;
• contact information for communicating with the applicant.

A copy of the passport and a site diagram (on paper or generated electronically) are attached to the application. In addition, a power of attorney will be required if the document is transferred by a representative. Request for other documents is prohibited.

Based on the results of consideration of the application, an agreement for free use of the land plot is concluded with the citizen.

It specifies the intended purpose of the land (it can always be changed), details of the site and the validity period of the contract (5 years).

Before the expiration of the contract, a citizen must submit an application for the allocation of a plot of land to him as a property or on a lease basis.

When deciding to allocate land to a user, the government agency prepares a draft lease or gratuitous transfer agreement and sends it to the applicant. The applicant will have 30 days to sign the agreement.

The signed agreement can be submitted in person to the authorized body, by mail or in the form of an electronic document.

When the signature is received by the government agency, it must make a decision on allocating a plot of land to it. Together with the agreement signed by both parties, you can contact Rosreestr to register ownership rights.

When can they refuse?

After receiving an application from the user for land approval authorized bodies will have 10 days to verify the application. If it does not meet the established requirements or any documents from the list are missing, the application is returned back to the applicant. The reasons for its return are indicated.

A refusal may be issued if, after receiving a resolution from the land or fire supervision authorities or forest protection authorities, the user does not eliminate the violations within the established time frame.

In 2015, Vladimir Putin approved the idea of ​​distributing land plots in the Far East. The main feature of the project is that the state will provide free plots to all citizens of the Russian Federation who wish to do so. IQR I studied at what stage this initiative is, how, where exactly, and under what conditions it will be possible to receive free land from the state.

Lake in the Far East

We have recently become accustomed to expecting only prohibitive laws from the State Duma, but the authorities can do more than prohibit. This initiative was transformed from the proposals of the LDPR party for the development of the Far East. There were many offers.

• Grant exemption from military conscription to all young male migrants.
• Automatically issue citizenship according to a simplified procedure to Russians from the countries of the former USSR who wish to move for permanent residence to Russia (specifically to the Far East).
• Free this territory from taxes.
• Issue free housing or loans for its construction.

In addition, Vladimir Zhirinovsky several years ago proposed at the federal level to distribute land free of charge to all Russians for housekeeping. Then many considered the idea populist. But, as time shows, even the most daring ideas sometimes reach the implementation stage.

In its final form, the idea of ​​distributing land plots for free in the Far East was proposed by Plenipotentiary Representative in the Far Eastern Federal District Yuri Trutnev:

“We would like to propose creating a mechanism for allocating free of charge to every resident of the Far East and every person who would like to come to the Far East, one hectare of land that can be used for agriculture, for creating a business, forestry, and hunting. We propose to provide land for five years, if it is used, then to assign this land to the owner, and if it is not used, to confiscate it.”

The President supported the idea, and the project is currently being implemented.

Law on land distribution in the Far East

Law « On the peculiarities of providing land plots in the Far Eastern Federal District" On September 2, the Ministry of Economic Development (together with the Ministry of Eastern Development) was submitted to the Government for consideration. If approved, the project will be submitted to the State Duma. Since this is a presidential bill, everything has actually already been decided, technical issues are being agreed upon.

Thus, the official website NaDalniyVostok.rf has already been created, which is currently (September 2015) in the pre-launch stage - the site can be viewed, but it is not yet possible to book a site; general information is posted on the site. Yes, you can book a free plot of land in the Far East measuring a hectare right from home via the Internet in 10 minutes! It is planned that you will be able to choose a site to your liking directly on the interactive map of the region.

Who has the right to a free plot of land in the Far East

In its current form, the law assumes that it will be possible to obtain land for free use for 5 years. The maximum plot size is based on 1 hectare per 1 family member, including minors. Thus, a family with two children can count on a plot of 4 hectares.

Registration will take place through the State Services portal in electronic form (it will also be possible to receive the service at any multifunctional center). The authorities promise that the preparation of all land documents will take no more than one month.

Current restrictions

The only restriction declared by the authorities is that you must be a citizen of the Russian Federation. But in fact there are pitfalls.

It must be understood that the main task of the state in this program is the development of the Far East, and not at all the distribution of “extra” land. Therefore, plots will be issued for free use for 5 years, and after that the fact of use of each plot will be assessed by a state commission that will be able to seize ownerless lands. That's why, in order to receive land in the Far East for free as perpetual ownership with the right of transfer by inheritance, you will have to deal with the plot- that is, at least temporarily move there.

After the 5-year period, with proper use of the land, it will be possible to register the land as property. During the entire five-year term of the free lease, no land tax is charged.

You can take a plot for any legal purpose - farming or entrepreneurship. You can choose any place where the provision of land is not prohibited by law. As for the quality of the land, according to Kommersant, areas remote from populated areas will be allocated- no less than 10 km from populated areas with a population of 50 thousand people or no less than 20 km from populated areas with a population of 300 thousand people.

Free hectares in the Far East, registered in the name of your family members, cannot be transferred for use to other citizens, nor sold, transferred or gifted to foreign individuals and legal entities.

Do people need free land at the end of the world?

It is expected that the distribution of land in the Far East will start in 2015. According to VTsIOM, about 20% of the country’s population is interested in this program and are ready to consider moving to the Far East. At the same time, this opportunity is most interesting for young people aged 18 to 24 years.

We conducted our own mini-survey among young people in Moscow, where residents traditionally do not want to leave for the periphery. Here's what people are saying:

Alexander, 27 years old:

“I would take it, of course, you never know how life will turn out. The children need to be left with something. It’s bad that they’ll take it away if you don’t live there. It's not entirely clear how to get there. Our tickets to the USA are cheaper than even flying from Moscow to Lake Baikal. And if there really is 20 kilometers to the nearest road, then why is such land needed? In the suburbs of Vladik, I would take the coastal plot anyway. And somewhere in the taiga near Yakutsk it will be more expensive for yourself to go to such a “dacha”. I’m not considering a permanent move from Moscow to a bare field.”

Georgy, 26 years old:

“We have to take it. They give - take, they hit - run. I will register the application. First I’ll stake it out, and then I’ll have 5 years to think about why I need it.”

Elizaveta, 27 years old:

“I just settled in 7 years ago and bought an apartment in the region in a building that is about to be rented out. I don’t need this kind of land for nothing. In a depressive hole where young people drink themselves to death and there is no work, I have lived enough.”