BBK74.3 K 64

KonovalenkoIN. IN., KonovalenkoNE.

TO 64 Articulatory, fingergymnasticsAndbreathstrictly- voiceexercises. An appendix to a set of notebooks for strengthening the pronunciation of sounds in preschoolers. 2nd edition expanded. - M.: “Publishing house GNOM and D”, 2001.-16 p.

ISBN 5-296-00213-Х

The manual outlines a set of articulation and finger gymnastics exercises, which have been used for many years in the work of experienced speech therapists to eliminate speech defects in children and which is an integral part of a set of notebooks for strengthening the pronunciation of sounds in preschoolers 4-5 years old, and also offers a number of the most common and simple breathing and vocal exercises, organically combined with articulation exercises.

The manual is intended for the work of speech therapists and parents with children.

©Konovalenko V.V., Konovalenko S.V., 1998,2001. ©Design. LLC Publishing House GNOM and D, 2001.

1. Articulation gymnastics

An important role in the formation of the correct pronunciation of sounds is played by the clear, precise, coordinated work of the articulatory apparatus (lips, tongue, lower jaw, soft palate).

Articulation gymnastics is useful for developing full movements of the lips, tongue, and jaw. The exercises should be understandable to the child, accessible, and preferably learned in advance in front of a mirror.

You need to do articulation gymnastics with your child for a few minutes every day.

Articulation exercises are performed both sitting and standing.

The pace and number of exercises gradually increases.

It is most effective to perform articulation exercises with counting, clapping, music, and also in combination with breathing and head exercises. (exercises performXia from 5 to 10-15 once).

Exemplarycomplexexercisesarticulatorygymnastics

I. Exercises for the lower jaw:

Open your mouth wide and hold it open for a few seconds.

Chewing movements with closed lips.

Light tapping of teeth - lips are open.

"FENCE"- the upper jaw stands on the lower jaw, lips

in a smile. r is

II. Lip exercises:

1. "SMILE"- stretching the open lips (clench your teeth (Fig. 1),

2. "TUBE" ("PROBOSCIS") -

pulling lips forward (rice. 2).

3. Alternation "SMILES" And "TRUBARRELS".

(Three previous exercises youare filling up Also With closed gubami).

Retracting the lips inside the mouth and pressing them tightly against the teeth.

Pulling the lower lip under the upper.

III. Tongue exercises:

(mouth wide revealed, lowerjaw motionless):

1. "CHATTER"- tongue movements

back and forth.

2. "WATCH"- right-left, (rice.4).

Rice .4

Circular movements of the tongue.

"HORSES"- clicking (clicking) of the tongue.

Rice.

b)

Rice.2

"SPATULA"- a wide, soft, relaxed tongue lies on the lower lip, (rice. 5).

"NEEDLE"- a narrow, tense tongue sticks out forward, (rice. 6).

"GROOVE"- stick out your wide tongue, bend the side edges up, suck in your cheeks and air.

"FUNGUS"- a wide flat tongue sticks to the hard palate, the lateral edges of the tongue are pressed against the molars, (rice. 7).

10. "CUP"- a wide cup-shaped tongue is raised upward, the edges are pressed to the upper lip, (rice. 8).

11. "PUSSYANGRY"- arching upward and moving forward the back of the tongue, while the tip of the tongue is pressed against the lower teeth.

12. "LET'S PUNISHNAUGHTYLANGUAGE"- a) biting the tip of a wide tongue ("SPATULA"), the lips are in a smile; b) spanking a wide, relaxed tongue ("SPATULA") with relaxed lips.

Rice . 8

Rice .5

Rice . 6

Rice .7

Speech sounds are produced through a whole complex of kinemas (movements of the articulatory organs). The correct pronunciation of all kinds of sounds largely depends on strength, mobility, as well as the differentiated work of the organs of the articulatory apparatus. That is, the pronunciation of speech sounds is a rather difficult motor skill that articulation exercises will help to develop.

The main goals of articulatory gymnastics

You can observe how the baby makes various (facial and articulatory) movements with his tongue, jaw and lips. At the same time, characteristic sounds are reproduced - babbling and muttering. This is the first stage in the development of speech for every person. It matters a lot. In children, such movements are developed and developed gradually. They care about strength, precision and differentiation.

A set of articulatory gymnastics exercises will help develop and develop full-fledged movements, which is important for the correct reproduction of speech sounds.

It consists of a huge number of exercises aimed at training the mobility of organs, practicing various positions of the lips, soft palate and tongue.

Firstly, articulatory gymnastics should be performed every day. This contributes to the high-quality assimilation and consolidation of developed skills in children. It is recommended to do articulation exercises three or four times a day, for about 5 minutes. There is no need to burden your child with a large number of new exercises at once. 2-3 exercises at a time are quite enough.

Secondly, the exercise is performed not once, but several times (about five). should be done for 10-15 seconds.

Thirdly, it is necessary to competently approach the selection of exercises and take into account the traditional sequence: from simple to complex. It is better to spend 3-4 years in a playful, fun and emotional way.

Fourthly, new exercises must be introduced gradually, one at a time. You must remember to repeat and consolidate the material you have covered. You should not start new exercises if the previous tasks are not performed very well. You can practice old material with new gaming techniques.

And fifthly, articulation gymnastics is best done while sitting. In this position, children do not strain their body, arms and legs. It will be easier for children to complete new tasks if they see themselves and the leader. For this you will need a wall mirror. You can start gymnastics with lip exercises.

Organizational moment

When explaining a new exercise, an adult should use gaming techniques as much as possible. Then there is a visual demonstration. After which, under the supervision of an adult, the child performs it.

When children perform articulation exercises, it is important to control the quality of movements. It is important to consider the symmetry of both sides of the face. Without this, articulatory gymnastics is absolutely meaningless.

Each exercise must be approached creatively.

At first the movements will be tense. Gradually they will become more free, organic and coordinated.

The complex of articulation exercises should include both static and dynamic tasks.

Lip exercises

There are a huge number of them. This:

• Smile - lips are kept in a smile, teeth should not be visible.
• Proboscis - lips extend forward in a long tube.
• A fence is a smile with closed teeth.
• Bagel - round and extend your lips forward. The teeth must be closed.
• Rabbit - the exercise is performed with the teeth closed. Raise the upper lip, exposing the corresponding incisors.

Tasks for developing lip mobility

Articulation exercises for children should also be aimed at developing lip mobility. This:

• Scratching and biting both lips with teeth.
• Pull your lips forward like a tube. Then stretch them into a smile.
• Pull out your lips with a tube. Rotate them in a circular motion, move them left and right.
• Imagine yourself as a fish that talks. Slap your lips together.
• Take the nasolabial fold of the upper lip with two fingers of one hand, and the lower lip with the thumb and forefinger of the other. Stretch them down and up.
• "Kiss". The cheeks are drawn inward, after which the mouth sharply opens with a characteristic sound.
• "Duck." Massage the elongated lips with your fingers, trying to imitate a beak. In this case, the thumbs of both hands should be under the lower lip, and the others on the upper lip.
• "Disgruntled horse." Try to imitate a sound reminiscent of a horse snorting.

Static and dynamic exercises for the tongue

High-quality articulation is impossible without hard practice. Among the static exercises are the following:

• Chicks. Open your mouth wide, with your tongue lying still.
• Spatula. The mouth should be open, stick out the tongue, relax it and lower it in a wide position onto the lower lip.
• Cup. Open your mouth wide. Stick out your tongue, lifting the front and side edges. The tongue should not touch the teeth.
• Sting. Push your narrow, tense tongue forward.
• Slide. Raise the back of the tongue upward, the tip should rest tightly against the lower incisors.
• Tube. Fold the side edges of the tongue up.
• Fungus. Stick your tongue to the roof of your mouth.

A set of articulation exercises should include dynamic tasks:

• Pendulum. Open your mouth slightly and stretch your lips into a smile. Use the tip of your tongue to touch the corners of your mouth one by one.
• Football. The mouth must be closed. With a tense tongue, alternately rest on one or the other cheek.
• Brushing your teeth. Close your mouth. Move your tongue in a circle with your lips.
• Horse. Suck your tongue to the roof of your mouth, then flick your tongue. Click hard and slow.
• Delicious jam. Open your mouth and lick your upper lip with your tongue.

Articulation exercises for the sound “r”

The first exercise is called “Whose teeth are cleaner.” To perform it, you should open your mouth wide and make movements (left-right) with the tip of your tongue from the inside of your upper teeth.

The second is “Painter”. Open your mouth, stretch your lips into a smile. Use the tip of your tongue to move back and forth across the roof of your mouth.

Third - “Who will drive the ball further.” The exercise is done on a smile. Make your tongue broad. Place its edge on your lower lip and try to pronounce the sound “f” for a long time. Then put the cotton wool on the table and blow it off to the opposite side.

These are just some articulation exercises for the sound “r” that will help develop the correct movements of the tongue, its mobility, lifting, etc.

The tasks presented in the article will help strengthen and develop certain skills in children. Articulation exercises require a competent and creative approach from an adult. Be sure to perform them in a playful way, do not forget to say the names of each of them, which will evoke direct associations. And then the children will be interested in performing a variety of exercises.

Natalya Arepyeva

SELF-MASSAGE OF LIPS AND TONGUE

Self-massage of lips and tongue are articulatory movements, causing an effect similar to a massage, that is, helping to activate blood circulation in the area of ​​​​the speech organs, and therefore improve their functioning.

The proposed exercises are a cross between massage and articulatory gymnastics, because massage movements are performed by the child himself, and in a playful way. The techniques should be demonstrated while sitting in front of a mirror, so that the little student sees the reflection of both his own face and the face of an adult, and therefore can compare his movements with the movements of an adult. Fulfill Children can self-massage starting from the age of two.

Lip exercises

*Funny song

Tell the child: “I know a funny song and I’ll play it on my lips.”. Now show how you can move your index finger across your lips while making a sound similar to "B-B-B." (Finger movements - from top to bottom.) The child will immediately want to sing this funny song himself.

*Comb

Tell your child that you have an unusual comb in your mouth and now you will comb your hair. First, lightly bite your lower lip and scrape it several times with your upper teeth, as if combing. Then bite your upper lip and scrape it several times with your lower teeth.

Offer your child "comb" your lips.

*Hide, sponges

Offer your child "hide" sponges. Show me how it's possible do: Curl your lips and pull them in. Demonstrate how to hold your lips in this position by lightly biting them with your teeth.

Let baby too"will hide" your lips

Exercises for language

*Curious tongue

Tell baby that the tongue is very curious - it doesn’t sit at home, it always wants to look out of its mouth. Fold your lips into a smile, clench your teeth loosely, and show your child how language squeezes out between the teeth - the upper incisors scrape along the upper surface language. Suggest baby repeat this exercise.

*We will punish: naughty tongue

Tell your child that the tongue is at fault. He went out alone, without permission, into the street, and now he will have to be punished. Demonstrate the exercise, first stick it out of your mouth language, lightly biting it along the entire length from the tip, and then retract tongue in mouth, also biting. When performing these movements you need to say sounds: “Ta, ta, ta.” Suggest baby repeat the exercise.

*Let's spare the tongue

We felt sorry for the tongue. We will not punish him anymore, but, on the contrary, we will regret it. To do this, repeat the previous exercise, but do not bite tongue with teeth, and pat it with your lips, saying sounds: "Five, five, five." Suggest baby repeat this exercise too.

ACTIVE ARTICULATIVE GYMNASTICS

Active articulatory gymnastics are gymnastics for the lower jaw, lips, cheeks and language. The child performs it himself, repeating the movements shown by the adults. Articulatory exercises can be static (holding organs articulation in a certain position for 2-5 seconds) and dynamic (multiple repetition of the same movement by the child). To help a child perform static exercises, an adult counts out loud or gives him the following: teams: “One, two, three - take a breath!” or “One, two, three, four, five - now you can rest!” Dynamic exercises are necessary to develop the ability to switch from one articulatory pose to another, so they are performed at a faster pace. They are also performed according to the count ( “One-two, one-two.”) or at the command of an adult. For example, when doing an exercise "Swing", providing for raising and lowering language, commands can be like this: "Up and down, up and down."

Articulatory exercises are performed slowly and always in front of a mirror so that Baby could see both your face, whose movements he copies, and himself himself, and the adult monitored whether he was doing everything correctly. If the child cannot repeat an action, help him by conducting an appropriate passive exercise (using fingers or a teaspoon).

A set of exercises for children of primary preschool age

(up to 4 years)

With a child of younger and middle age, you should learn a complex of general strengthening articulation exercises aimed at developing the speech apparatus as a whole. These exercises can be considered an excellent prevention against speech defects in children.

First suggest baby examine your organs in front of the mirror articulations and name them: "Lips, teeth, cheeks, language» . Notice to the child that he has upper and lower lips, upper and lower teeth, and only one tongue. Say that the tongue is very mobile and dexterous. He can perform a variety of movements.

First of all, offer your child games for the lips, cheeks and lower jaw and only then move on to exercises to develop mobility. language.

Articulation gymnastics It should not turn into a series of tedious exercises, so it is carried out in the form of a fun game. A child, carried away, will not notice that he is being taught. This means that the process of developing speech motor skills will proceed faster and more successfully.

During one lesson, you should not try to complete all the exercises, do it several times a day, performing 2-3 exercises each time.

Exercises for the lower jaw, lips and cheeks

(static articulation exercise) Tell baby that he is a chick, and call yourself a mother bird. Tell the chick that you will now feed him. Ask your child to open his mouth wide (show me how to do it) and stay in this position for a few seconds (lip position as when pronouncing sound A).

Bring the fingers of your hand, folded together, to the child’s open mouth, as if you were putting or pouring something. At the same time, tell me poem:

Open your mouth wider -

Eat, little bird, don't yawn!

(static articulation exercise) The game will prepare the child’s lips to pronounce the sounds I, S, 3.

Smile widely, revealing closed teeth (lip position, as when pronouncing a sound "AND"). Bite natural: The lower jaw should not move forward. Ask your child to smile back and hold his lips in a smile for 2-5 seconds. Tell me poem:

Smile at me quickly.

Pull your lips up to your ears!

(static articulation exercise) Tell baby what can you do ring: you open your mouth, rounding your lips with a mouthpiece, and stretch them forward (lip position as when pronouncing the sound O). Hold your lips in this position for 2-5 seconds and ask if he can do the same thing.

Tell a poem:

Fold round sponges

and show me the ring.

* Baby is crying

(dynamic articulation exercise) Tell baby that when a small child cries, he screams: "WAH-WAH!", and then say this onomatopoeia, but silently, only moving your lips. So you show one after another articulation exercises"Tube" And "Chick". Ask your child to repeat these movements with his lips. You need to change the position of your lips 2-5 times in a row.

* Cheerful - sad

(dynamic articulation exercise) This game also develops the skill of quickly changing the position of the lips. Tell your child that when a person is happy, he always smiles, and when he is sad, his lips curl into a tube. Show me baby first a cheerful little man, and then a sad one. (Movement of the lips, as in the sequential pronunciation of the sounds IU.) You need to change the position of your lips 2-5 times.

(static and dynamic articulatory

exercise)

Show how you can puff out your cheeks and hold them in this position for 3-5 seconds. If the child cannot repeat it, invite him to simply blow, and at this moment press your lips together. baby with your fingers. As a result, the cheeks puff up. You need to hold your cheeks in this position for 2-5 seconds. Then show how to bring your fists to your cheeks and lightly hit your cheeks with them. "Ball" will burst, and the air, making a sound, will come out. Tell me poem:

Blow up the balloon

Let the air out.

(static and dynamic articulation exercise)

Show me baby how you can pull your cheeks inside your mouth, sucking in air. In this case, the lower jaw is slightly lowered, the lips are closed. Hold this position for 2-5 seconds, and then forcefully open your lips, smacking your lips slightly. If the child cannot retract his cheeks, ask him to extend his lips slightly forward and smack his lips. Repeat the exercise 2-5 times.

Teach baby blow a kiss. Make sure that the child smacks his lips exactly at the moment when he brings his palm to his lips, and not earlier and not later. Tell me poem:

I will put the sponges into a tube.

Then I’ll kiss my mother.

(dynamic articulation exercise) This game will also prepare the child's lips to pronounce the sounds M, P, B,

Tell baby that the fish doesn't talk can:

The mouth opens

What can I say, he doesn’t know!

Then show how the fish opens its mouth. To do this, first open your mouth wide, then close it sharply, closing your lips tightly. Gradually increase the pace.

Now suggest for the child to pretend to be a fish himself blowing bubbles. When Baby learn how to do the exercise, tell me poem:

The fish opens its mouth -

She blows bubbles.

(static and dynamic articulation exercise)

The game, developing the mobility of the lips, prepares them for pronouncing the sounds O, N.,

Suggest pretend a tiger for the baby. To do this, demonstrate "tiger" grin: Move your lips to the sides and expose your teeth.

Now ask the child not only to bare his teeth, but also to expose his claws; to do this, he needs to raise his hands to his face, bend his fingers, tense them and hold them in this position.

Tell a poem:

Everyone knows how evil a tiger is

The tiger scares everyone around.

Exercises for language

All of the exercises below teach your child to relax language, develop his mobility and prepare him for pronouncing consonant sounds.

(static articulation exercise) Look at baby, smile, open your mouth and put it wide, relaxed tongue on lower lip. Tell baby that the tongue looks like a spatula, and invite the child to show it "spatula". While the child holds language within 3-5 seconds, tell me poem:

Here it is, the spatula -

Wide and smooth.

(dynamic articulation exercise) Tell me baby, What language knows how to play hide and seek, and show how he does it. Smile, open your mouth, put it wide relaxed tongue on the bottom, lip, as in the previous exercise, and then move tongue behind lower teeth -"the tongue hid". Suggest baby play hide and seek with your tongue and make 3-5 such movements. You can interest your child in a different way. Tell him that you will catch his tongue. Place your hand over the child's mouth say: "Tsap!" and make a grasping movement, as if you want to catch the sticking out language. At this moment the child hides language.

Talk during class rhyme:

We are playing hide and seek.

Where's your spatula?

(static articulation exercise) Tell your child that the tongue can not only play hide and seek, but also ride down the slide. “Look how big the slide is!”- you say, smile and open your mouth. tip language you need to rest on your lower teeth, as in the exercise "Hide and Seek", then, without tearing off the tip, lift the middle part tongue and bend it into a slide. Now offer your child show the slide yourself. While the child is doing the exercise, tell poem:

That's what she is like

The hill is cool!

(dynamic articulation exercise)

Tell me baby that a cat laps milk from a saucer with its tongue. Show me how she does it does: stick it out of your mouth and pull it in wide, like a shoulder blade, language while making the appropriate movements. Suggest draw a cat for the baby, which laps milk from a saucer, and repeat the movements tongue 3-5 times. Then show how to fold your palms like a saucer, and "to lap" milk:

Loop like a cat

Milk from a bowl.

*Needle

(static articulation exercise) Open your mouth and, smiling, stick out your tense language. Shape it into a long and thin sting and hold in this position for 3-5 seconds. Now ask baby repeat the exercise and say that it language looks like a long and sharp needle. Show that you want to touch your palm "needle", but then, without reaching his hand to his mouth baby, pull back her: “Oh, so spicy!” Tell me poem:

Here it is, a needle, -

Both sharp and prickly. "."

(dynamic articulation exercise) Stick it out of your mouth, long and thin like a sting language. Move it from one corner of your mouth to the other and back. Tell baby that the pendulum of the clock swings in the same way. Then ask your child to show it "watch". Let Baby will make 48 movements tongue from side to side.

Be sure to ensure that the child's lower jaw remains motionless and, if necessary, fix the jaw with your hand. While doing the exercise pronounce: “Tick-tock, tick-tock.”, setting the pace of movements.

(dynamic articulation exercise) Take it out of your mouth language. Move it up and down, trying to reach either your nose or your chin. Tell baby That's how the tongue swings on a swing. Now invite your child to swing his tongue on the swing 4-8 times.

Make sure that the child's lower jaw remains motionless and, if necessary, support the jaw with your hand. When your child performs the exercise, say words: "Up and down, up and down.", setting the pace of movements.

*Monkey

(static articulation exercise) Depict monkey: open your mouth slightly and place the tip language between the upper lip and upper teeth. Say that you are a mother monkey. Ask baby pretend to be a funny monkey and hold this pose for 3-5 seconds.

Next time show the monkey- dad: place the tip language between the lower lip and lower teeth. Suggest baby draw a monkey. While the child holds this position for 3-5 seconds, tell rhyme:

We'll show the monkeys:

They have a pocket behind their lip,

And in the pocket there is a tongue.

Chiki-chok, chiki-chok!

*Monkey and banana

(static and dynamic articulation exercise) .

Tell me baby that the monkey loves bananas very much. “So she took a bite of a banana and hid it behind her cheek.”, - tip stick out your tongue, right cheek and stay in this position for 3-5 seconds. Now suggest the baby can draw it himself like a monkey hiding a banana behind its cheek.

Then show how the monkey hid a piece of banana behind his other cheek - stick it out tongue left cheek.

Now ask the child to hide "banana", and you will try to guess which cheek it will be on. Touch the protruding cheek baby finger: “There’s a banana here!” When the baby changes position language, show me again which cheek "hidden banana". Tell me rhyme:

Our monkey

Bananas on the cheek.

(dynamic articulation exercise) Show me baby how can you depict galloping horse: you need to open your mouth slightly, suck on the wide tip language to the hard palate behind the upper teeth, and then tear it off with a click. Click slowly at first, then faster and faster.

Suggest baby"ride a horse"

together with you.

B. execution process articulation exercise"Horse" you can bend your elbows, clench them into fists and swing your arms slightly, imitating a horseman holding the reins. Tell me poem:

Let's ride a horse

The path is smooth.

*Stop, horse!

(dynamic articulation exercise) Tell baby that it’s time for the horse to stop. Show how the groom stops horse: you close your mouth, close your lips and release air so that the air stream makes your lips vibrate - as long as possible to make a sound similar to "Whoa".

Now suggest baby stop your horse too.

Articulatory exercises do not have to be turned into specially organized play sessions; they can be carried out at any time, for example, while washing and eating. Show me baby in; time of morning toilet, how to rinse your mouth with water, closing your lips tightly; how to gargle with your head back; How check with tongue whether your teeth are well cleaned. While eating, give your child tasks to lick a spoon, saucer, and offer to drink juice with a straw. First, the tube must be of a sufficiently large diameter, and then, when Baby learns how to use it, offer a thin tube - a straw.

Find yourself next to the mirror, play "clowns", that is, make funny and even scary faces.

In outdoor games, also try to include elements of familiar articulation exercises for baby. If you play horses, voice them movement: tsk tongue, and at the end of the road stop the horses, having said: "Whoa!"

Olga Novikovskaya. 1000 games, tasks and exercises for speech development

1. Biting, patting and rubbing cheeks. 2. Well-fed hamster. Inflate both cheeks, then inflate the cheeks alternately. 3. Hungry hamster. Pull in your cheeks. 4. Mouth closed. Hitting the puffed-out cheeks with your fist, causing the air to come out with force and noise.

Static exercises for the tongue

1. Chicks. The mouth is wide open, the tongue lies quietly in the oral cavity. 2. Spatula. The mouth is open, a wide, relaxed tongue rests on the lower lip. 3. Cup. The mouth is wide open. The anterior and lateral edges of the wide tongue are raised, but do not touch the teeth. 4. Needle (Arrow. Sting). The mouth is open. The narrow, tense tongue is pushed forward. 5. Gorka (Pussy is angry). The mouth is open. The tip of the tongue rests on the lower incisors, the back of the tongue is raised up. 6. Tube. The mouth is open. The lateral edges of the tongue are curved upward. 7. Fungus. The mouth is open. Suck your tongue to the roof of your mouth.

Dynamic exercises for the tongue.

1. Clock (Pendulum). The mouth is slightly open. The lips are stretched into a smile. With the tip of the narrow tongue, alternately reach at the teacher’s count to the corners of the mouth. 2. Snake. The mouth is wide open. Push the narrow tongue forward and move it deep into the mouth. 3. Swing. The mouth is open. With a tense tongue, reach for the nose and chin, or the upper and lower incisors. 4. Football (Hide the candy). Mouth closed. With a tense tongue, rest on one or the other cheek. 5. Brushing your teeth. Mouth closed. Move your tongue in a circular motion between your lips and teeth. 6. Coil. The mouth is open. The tip of the tongue rests on the lower incisors, the lateral edges are pressed against the upper molars. The wide tongue rolls forward and retracts into the depths of the mouth. 7. Horse. Suck your tongue to the roof of your mouth and click your tongue. Click slowly and forcefully, pulling the hyoid ligament. 8. Harmonic. The mouth is open. Suck your tongue to the roof of your mouth. Without lifting your tongue from the roof of your mouth, strongly pull down your lower jaw. 9. Painter. The mouth is open. Using the wide tip of the tongue, like a brush, we move from the upper incisors to the soft palate. 10. Delicious jam. The mouth is open. Using a wide tongue, lick your upper lip and move your tongue deep into your mouth. 11. Let's lick our lips. The mouth is slightly open. Lick first the upper, then the lower lip in a circle.

Exercises to develop mobility of the lower jaw

1. Cowardly little bird. Open and close your mouth wide, so that the corners of your lips extend. The jaw drops approximately the width of two fingers. The “chick” tongue sits in the nest and does not protrude. The exercise is performed rhythmically. 2. Sharks. On the count of “one” the jaw lowers, on “two” - the jaw moves to the right (the mouth is open), on the count of “three” - the jaw is lowered into place, on “four” - the jaw moves to the left, on “five” - the jaw is lowered, on “six” - the jaw moves forward, “seven” - the chin is in its usual comfortable position, the lips are closed. You need to do the exercise slowly and carefully, avoiding sudden movements. 3. Imitation of chewing with a closed and open mouth. 4. Monkey. The jaw drops down with the tongue extending to the chin as much as possible. 5. Angry lion. The jaw drops down with the maximum extension of the tongue towards the chin and the mental pronunciation of the sounds a or e on a firm attack, more difficult - with a whispered pronunciation of these sounds. 6. Strongman. The mouth is open. Imagine that there is a weight hanging on your chin that needs to be lifted up, while raising your chin and straining the muscles underneath it. Gradually close your mouth. Relax. 7. Place your hands on the table, fold your palms one on top of the other, rest your chin on your palms. Opening your mouth, press your chin onto your resisting palms. Relax. 8. Lower the jaw down while overcoming resistance (the adult holds his hand under the child’s jaw). 9. Open the mouth with the head tilted back, overcoming the resistance of the adult’s hand lying on the back of the child’s head. 10. Teasing. Open your mouth wide and often and say: pa-pa-pa. 11. Silently, lingeringly (on one exhalation), say vowels:aaa(the distance between the teeth in two fingers); ooooooo(the distance between the teeth is one finger); iiiiiiiiiiii (mouth slightly open). 12. Произнесите гласные звуки с голосом: аaaaaaaaaaaaa яяяяяяяяяяяяяя ооооооооооооо ёёёёёёёёёёёёё иииииииииииии 13. Слитно и протяжно произнесите несколько гласных звуков на одном выдохе: аааааэээээ аааааеееее аааааиииии иииииааааа ооооояяяяя аааааииииииооооо иииииээээээааааа аааааиииииэээээоооооо и т.д. Make sure that when pronouncing sounds, the mouth opening is sufficiently full. 14. Say proverbs, sayings, tongue twisters that are rich in vowel sounds that require a wide opening of the mouth. Small, but smart. Two boots - a pair. I found a scythe on a stone. Know the edge, don't fall. Like the fisherman, like the fish. Water does not flow under a lying stone. The snake has a bite, the hedgehog has a hedgehog. While performing the exercises, make sure that the lower jaw drops freely downwards; at first, pronounce vowel sounds with a little emphasis.

Many people, even those not associated with public speaking as such, often still have to take on the function of a speaker, presenter or entertainer. This could be a presentation of a project or a report, holding an event, or simply telling an interesting story among friends. What can we say about those for whom performing is a profession? But it doesn’t matter at all whether a person performs professionally, is just learning this skill, or has nothing to do with it at all; in any case, correct articulation will always play into his hands, because thanks to her, all spoken words will sound intelligible, clear and precise, and the speech will be beautiful and memorable. This especially applies, of course, to those people who are directly involved in the performances. In this article we present to your attention 10 effective exercises to improve articulation.

Each of the exercises is aimed at training the muscles of the speech apparatus and improving their mobility. When performing, it is important to pay special attention to the fact that the load should be directed to specific muscle groups. It is also important that the muscles of the cervicobrachial region can work freely, and the pace of exercise should be slow - this helps to obtain the greatest effect from the exercises. Before performing the exercises, it is imperative to perform warm-up exercises for the speech apparatus. You can devote only 5-7 minutes to it, but the quality of practice will improve significantly.

Articulation gymnastics

Articulation gymnastics differs by type:

Gymnastics for the cheeks

1. Retracting and inflating the cheeks alternately
2. Distillation of air from one cheek first to the other cheek, then under the lower lip, then under the upper lip
3. Tension of the cheeks and lips with an attempt to push air out of the mouth
4. Retraction of the cheeks and simultaneous closing and opening of the lips

Gymnastics of the lower jaw

• Pressing your fists into the lower jaw and pressing your jaw onto your fists
• Various movements of the lower jaw: up and down, back and forth, circular

Gymnastics of the soft palate

1. Yawning with open mouth
2. Movement of the tongue, gathered into a “scapula”, to the soft palate and return to the alveoli - the base of the upper and lower teeth
3. Pronunciation of vowel sounds with yawning
4. Imitation of gargling

Lip gymnastics

• A tense smile with closed teeth and lips stretched out like a tube.
• Various movements of lips with closed teeth: up-down, left-right, circular
• Chewing lips
• Pulling the lips over the teeth and then smiling with the lips sliding over the teeth
• Lifting the upper lip exposing the upper teeth, then lifting the lower lip exposing the lower teeth
• Snort

Tongue gymnastics

1. Rotating the tongue in a circle in the space between the lips and teeth and holding the tongue under the right and left cheeks alternately
2. Chewing the tongue
3. Slapping tongue with lips
4. Pulling the tongue forward with a “needle”
5. Attempts to reach the chin and nose with the tongue
6. Folding the tongue into a “tube”, moving the “tube” back and forth and blowing air into it
7. Turning the tongue on different sides
8. Holding the tongue against the upper palate

After the articulatory gymnastics are completed and you are convinced that all parts of the speech apparatus have been developed, you can move on to the main exercises to improve articulation.

Exercises to improve articulation

Exercise 1

An exercise to feel the tip of the tongue - its hardness and activity in pronunciation. To do this, use your imagination: imagine that your tongue is a small hammer. Then hit it on the teeth with the tip, saying: yes-yes-yes-yes-yes. After this, practice pronouncing the letters “T-D”.

Exercise 2

Exercise to free the larynx and tongue. Its essence is that you need to quickly take a short breath through your nose and exhale completely through your mouth. The exhalation should also be sharp and should be accompanied by the sound “Fu”. The same exercise can be supplemented with an exercise to strengthen the muscles of the larynx: pronounce the letters “K-G” several times.

Exercise 3

Exercise for rapid activation of the labial muscles. You need to puff out your cheeks and release the accumulated air with a sharp clap through compressed lips, while vigorously pronouncing the letters “P-B”.

Exercise 4

An exercise to practice the skill of drawing air before each new phrase. Take any poem or excerpt from a work and consciously take a deep breath before each new phrase. Try not to forget about this so that you develop a habit. And you also need to take into account three points: breathing should be silent, at the beginning of each phrase you should keep your lips slightly open, and after the end of each sound you should immediately close your mouth so that the ending is not “chewed.”

Exercise 5

Exercise for proper air distribution. Typically, a person requires more breathing when speaking loudly, but speaking softly often requires greater control of exhalation. Practice pronouncing phrases in a low and loud voice and determine how much air you need for each of them. Combine this technique with the previous one.

Exercise 6

An exercise for smooth pronunciation of vowels in a single flow and clear pronunciation of consonants within this flow. Choose any poem (or several lines from it) and do it as follows: first, eliminate all consonants from the lines and pronounce only the vowels evenly, stretching them out a little. After this, begin to insert clear and quick consonants into the stream of vowels, trying to ensure that the stream of vowels remains as sonorous.

Exercise 7

Diction exercise. It is a simple reading of tongue twisters. Choose for yourself several tongue twisters with different letter combinations and begin to hone your pronunciation. Slowly at first, measuredly. Then increase the pace. Watch the rhythm, control diction, intelligibility and expressiveness.

Exercise 8

Another exercise to improve diction. It consists in the fact that at the end of each word you need to pay special attention to sharply emphasizing its ending. This will make the pronunciation of the word clearer and more expressive.

Exercise 9

Exercise to improve the pronunciation of sounds. It is used for those sounds that are most difficult for you to pronounce. Take a dictionary, open the letter that is causing you difficulty, and read all the words in a row that have a sound that is difficult for you, listening carefully to it. Through repeated repetitions, pronunciation will improve. In addition to this exercise, you can use a voice recorder to track your progress: record all the words you speak, then listen to the recordings and work on mistakes.

Exercise 10

An exercise to develop the timbre and acoustic properties of the voice. It includes the development of the muscles of the pharynx and tongue. You need to silently pronounce the letters “A-E-O” 10 times, while trying to open not your mouth, but the pharynx cavity.

And as a small bonus, another cool and effective technique for improving the overall quality of not only articulation, but also intros in general is working with a mirror. Choose a passage of prose or a poem that you remember and read it while watching your reflection in the mirror. Track your facial expressions, movements of lips, eyes, eyebrows, cheekbones. Listen to your voice. The main evaluation criteria should be aesthetics, naturalness, harmony, as well as psychological and physical comfort. You must ensure that you like yourself, so that the sound of your voice is pleasant to you, and your facial expressions and gestures evoke exclusively positive emotions.

Naturally, these exercises are not exhaustive and the only ones of their kind. And they should only serve as pointers for you in working on your articulation. If you wish, you can find a huge number of similar exercises on the Internet or specialized literature. But to summarize, we can make a brief summary and highlight a few main principles:

• Of particular importance in articulation training are the systematic nature of exercises and their conscious control.
• It is very important to regularly work in front of the mirror
• During training, you must be demanding of yourself, be able to look (listen) to yourself from the outside
• It is necessary to do numerous repetitions of unpronounceable sounds until you feel a state of complete comfort when pronouncing them.
• Particular attention should be paid to working with muscular and emotional tensions
• Progress significantly speeds up listening to audio and viewing video materials with recordings of people with excellent articulation

Be guided in your practice by these principles, and the desired result will very soon make itself felt. And the first tangible effect will appear at the initial stage. Remember that developing articulation is recommended not only for singers, professional presenters, lecturers, speakers or actors, but also for any person in general, if only for the simple reason that we all live in society and we constantly have to interact with other people.

We wish you good luck with your articulation work. Speak beautifully!

To train your articulation and improve your mood, we suggest you take a short test:

1. Try turning your lower lip inside out without using your hands and with your mouth closed.
2. Try to do the same, but with your mouth open
3. Repeat point No. 2 at the mirror