The works of H. H. Andersen have long been included in the school curriculum and are usually read by children with great pleasure. In this article we will look at the analysis and summary of the fairy tale “The Swineherd” for the reader’s diary.
About the product
The literary fairy tale “The Swineherd” was first published in 1841 in a collection of works by Andersen. The work quickly gained popularity and was even adapted for theatrical productions.
It is believed that the work was entirely composed by Andersen himself, however, it contains many folklore motifs. Thus, the motif of punishment by a proud prince was very popular among folk tales. He is present in one where the king disguises himself, wooing an arrogant princess. However, unlike folklore stories, which traditionally end well, Andersen's tale is less sentimental.
Summary: “The Swineherd” (for the reader’s diary)
The main one is a poor prince who rules a small kingdom. He decides to marry the emperor's daughter. The prince sends a nightingale and a wonderful rose with a wonderful aroma as a gift to his beloved. However, she did not accept the gifts, because they turned out to be living, and not made by human hands.
Andersen's fairy tale has a clearly instructive orientation, and this can be confirmed by the summary (“The Swineherd”). For a reader's diary, you can shorten the text presented here a little more and not go into detailed descriptions of gifts.
The prince decides to serve the emperor as a swineherd. He invents a pot that plays a melody and shows who is cooking what, and a rattle that can reproduce all the polkas and dances in the world. These things attract the princess's attention, and the prince sells them to her for a kiss.
Andersen shows how cruelly pride and arrogance can be punished. Confirmation of this can be found by reading the summary (“The Swineherd”) for the reader’s diary.
So, the princess kisses the prince and at that moment the emperor finds them. He angrily expels both of them from his lands. The princess began to sob in grief. The prince, meanwhile, changed his clothes and sobbingly told the girl that he despised her because she did not agree to become the wife of an honest man, but agreed to kiss the swineherd for simple trinkets.
Theme and idea of the tale
Now we can talk about the main theme and idea of the fairy tale, and the above summary (“The Swineherd”) will help us with this. It is also recommended to write a few words about this for the reader's diary.
So, the main theme of the work is hopeless love. The main problem is social injustice, love of convenience, replacement of true feelings with artificial ones.
The idea of the fairy tale is that you cannot judge people by their wealth and social status.
Suggested below) is one of those fairy tales that have a huge number of interpretations. The classics of Russian literature simply adored this genre and very skillfully presented the plots in their own way. However, this did not change the meaning, since the main idea of the fairy tale was always based on centuries-tested folk wisdom. Russian fairy tales are mysterious and amazing.
“Morozko,” the summary of which may raise a lot of questions for many, is also very revealing and interesting. Be that as it may, writers and teachers should not break the invisible thread that connects generations; we must help the modern reader to correctly understand and treat with deep respect the moralizing allegories of our ancestors. As they say, a fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it.
Fairy tale "Morozko": summary, retelling
Once upon a time there lived an old man and an old woman who had three daughters. The old woman did not like her eldest daughter Marfusha; she constantly grumbled at the girl because she was her stepdaughter. The girl did all the dirty work around the house and never contradicted her evil stepmother or her daughters, who also offended her and often brought her to tears.
And so the girls grew up and became brides. The old man felt sorry for his eldest daughter, because she was obedient and hard-working, but he was already frail and old. And so he and the old woman began to think about how to marry off their daughters. The old woman really wanted, first of all, to find a groom for the eldest, Marfushka, in order to get rid of her.
Marfusha
The summary of the fairy tale “Morozko” can be continued with the following event: one day the old woman ordered her old man in the morning and told Marfutka to pack her goods, because they would go to visit the groom. Marfusha was happy with this happiness and slept soundly all night. In the morning she got up, prayed to God, washed her face, dressed up, and it was winter, frosty. The evil old woman put old cabbage soup on the table and told Marfusha that she didn’t want to see her in her house anymore. And then she turned to her grandfather and told him not to turn off the road, but to take the girl Marfushka to the pine tree, straight to Morozka. The old man opened his mouth and widened his eyes, and his stepdaughter began to cry. The stepmother calmed her down and said that her fiancé was handsome and rich, and he had so much goodness that sparkled on the fir trees and birches.
On the road
The old man put his daughter in the sleigh and drove off. Then, having climbed far into the wilderness, he left his daughter under a pine tree along with her goods and told her to wait for the groom and be kind to him, and he himself went to the house. The poor girl was sitting there, she wanted to cry, but she didn’t have the strength. Suddenly he hears Morozko not far away, jumping from tree to tree and crackling. He noticed the girl and began to ask her if the red girl was cold, and if she was warm? Marfusha kindly answered him not to worry and that she was very warm. And then Morozko sent a frosty spirit over her three times, and she, almost numb from the cold, always answered him kindly, with her soul, but barely audible, that it was warm, they say, for her. Then Morozko took pity on her and warmed her up with fur coats and blankets.
Return
And at home in the morning the old woman woke up and told the grandfather to immediately go for his daughter. He went into the forest and found her alive, in a good fur coat, an expensive veil and a box of various gifts. Without saying a word, he put his daughter in the sleigh and took her home. At home, Marfushka fell at her stepmother’s feet, but the old woman was amazed to see her in new clothes, alive and unharmed. But the summary of the fairy tale “Morozko” does not end there.
After a little time, the old woman tells her old man to harness his horses again and take the two girls Parashka and Masha to the groom for gifts. The old woman fed her daughters, dressed them up and sent them on their way. The old man brought them to the same pine tree and left them there. The girls sit and laugh at the fact that their mother decided to marry them off here, as if there were no children in the village, and then, at an uneven hour, the devil himself would come for them.
Masha and Parashka
Even though the girls were wearing fur coats, they felt very chilly. They began calling each other names and arguing about which of them the groom would take as his wife. Because of the cold, they had already put their hands in their bosoms, but they never stopped arguing with each other as much as they could. And then they came to their senses and saw that their groom was not coming.
And then, in the distance, Morozko began to crackle, click, and jump from tree to tree. He approached them and began to ask if the red girls were warm, and they began to complain to him that they were completely cold, and their betrothed still did not come. Morozko hit him harder, the girls began to scold him so that he would disappear and get the hell out. It was at that moment that the girls froze.
Old woman's grief
The summary of the fairy tale “Morozko” further tells that in the morning the old woman drives out the old bastard, gives him hay and a fur fan, so that he goes after Parashka and Mashka. She had thoughts in her head that the girls were probably completely cold in the forest. The old man didn’t even have time to have a snack and went on the road. Arriving at the scene, he saw them dead. Then he wrapped them in a fan and covered them with a matting. The old woman was waiting for them and even ran out to meet the grandfather. And when she turned away the matting and removed the fan, she saw her children frozen.
The old woman screamed and shouted and blamed the grandfather for everything, they say, he killed the blood children, the beloved red berries. And her grandfather answered that it was she, the greedy old woman, who was flattered by the wealth. The old woman got angry, and then she reconciled with her stepdaughter, and they began to live and live well and make good things, never mind.
After a while, a neighbor wooed Marfushka, soon the wedding took place, and she began to live happily. The old man began to educate his grandchildren and frighten them with Frost so that they would not become stubborn. This concludes the summary of the fairy tale “Morozko”.
Morozko
The stepmother lives with her own daughter and stepdaughter. The old woman decides to drive her stepdaughter out of the yard and orders her husband to take the girl “to an open field in the bitter cold.” He obeys.
In an open field, Frost the Red Nose greets a girl. She answers kindly. Frost feels sorry for his stepdaughter, and he does not freeze her, but gives her a dress, a fur coat, and a dowry chest.
The stepmother is already holding a wake for her stepdaughter and tells the old man to go to the field and bring the girl’s body to bury. The old man returns and brings his daughter - alive, dressed up, with a dowry! The stepmother orders that her own daughter be taken to the same place. Frost Red Nose comes to look at the guest. Without waiting for “good speeches” from the girl, he kills her. The old woman expects her daughter to return with wealth, but instead the old man brings only a cold body.
Swan geese
The parents go to work, telling their daughter not to leave the yard and take care of her little brother. But the girl puts her brother under the window, and she runs out into the street. Meanwhile, the geese-swans carry away their brother on their wings. The sister runs to catch up with the swan geese. On the way she meets a stove, an apple tree, a milk river - the banks of jelly. A girl asks them about her brother, but the stove asks her to try a pie, the apple tree asks for an apple, the river asks for jelly with milk. The picky girl disagrees. She meets a hedgehog who shows her the way. He comes to a hut on chicken legs, looks in - and there is Baba Yaga and his brother. The girl carries off her brother, and the swan geese fly after her.
The girl asks the river to hide her and agrees to eat the jelly. Then the apple tree hides her, and the girl has to eat a forest apple, then she hides in the oven and eats a rye pie. The geese don't see her and fly away with nothing.
The girl and her brother come running home, and just then the father and mother arrive.
Ivan Bykovich
The king and queen have no children. They dream that the queen will become pregnant if she eats the golden-finned ruff. The ruff is caught and fried, the cook licks the queen's dishes, the cow drinks the slop. The queen gives birth to Ivan Tsarevich, the cook gives birth to Ivan, the cook's son, and the cow gives birth to Ivan Bykovich. All three guys look alike.
The Ivans try their hand at deciding which of them should be the big brother. Ivan Bykovich turns out to be the strongest of all... Well done, they find a large stone in the garden, under it there is a basement, and there are three heroic horses standing there. The Tsar allows the Ivans to travel to foreign lands.
Good fellows come to Baba Yaga's hut. She says that on the Smorodina River, on the Kalinov Bridge, there live miracles-Yudas, who destroyed all the neighboring kingdoms.
The fellows come to the Smorodina River, stop in an empty hut and decide to take turns going on patrol. Ivan Tsarevich falls asleep on patrol. Ivan Bykovich, not relying on him, comes to Kalinovy Bridge, fights with the six-headed miracle-yud, kills him and places six heads on the bridge. Then Ivan, the cook’s son, goes on patrol, also falls asleep, and Ivan Bykovich defeats the nine-headed miracle Yudo. Then Ivan Bykovich leads the brothers under the bridge, shames them and shows them the heads of the monsters. The next night, Ivan Bykovich prepares for a fight with the twelve-headed miracle. He asks the brothers to stay awake and watch: blood will flow from the towel into the bowl. If it overflows, you need to rush to help.
Ivan Bykovich fights with the miracle, the brothers fall asleep. It’s hard for Ivan Bykovich. He throws his mittens into the hut - breaks through the roof, breaks out the windows, and the brothers are all asleep. Finally, he throws the hat, which destroys the hut. The brothers wake up, and the bowl is already overflowing with blood. They release the heroic horse from the chains and run to help themselves. But while they are keeping up, Ivan Bykovich is already coping with the miracle.
After that, the miracle Yudov’s wives and mother-in-law plot to take revenge on Ivan Bykovich. Wives want to turn into a deadly apple tree, a well, a golden bed and find themselves on the way of good fellows. But Ivan Bykovich finds out about their plans and cuts down an apple tree, a well, and a crib. Then the miracle mother-in-law, an old witch, dresses up as a beggar woman and asks for alms from the fellows. Ivan Bykovich is about to give it to her, and she takes the hero by the hand, and both end up in her old husband’s dungeon.
The witch's husband's eyelashes are lifted with an iron pitchfork. The old man orders Ivan Bykovich to bring the queen - golden curls. The witch drowns herself in grief. The old man teaches the hero to open the magic oak and take the ship out of there. And Ivan Bykovich brings out many ships and boats from the oak tree. Several old people ask Ivan Bykovich to be travel companions. One is Obedailo, the other is Opivailo, the third knows how to take a steam bath, the fourth is an astrologer, the fifth swims with a ruff. Everyone goes to the queen together - golden curls. There, in her unprecedented kingdom, the old people help to eat and drink all the treats and cool the hot bath.
The queen leaves with Ivan Bykovich, but on the way she turns into a star and flies away into the sky. The astrologer returns her to her place. Then the queen turns into a pike, but the old man, who knows how to swim with a ruff, stabs her in the sides, and she returns to the ship. The old people say goodbye to Ivan Bykovich, and he and the queen go to the miracle Yudov’s father. Ivan Bykovich proposes a test: the one who walks along a perch through a deep hole will marry the queen. Ivan Bykovich passes, and Miracle Yudov’s father flies into the pit.
Ivan Bykovich returns home to his brothers, marries the queen - golden curls and gives a wedding feast.
Seven Simeons
The old man gives birth to seven sons on one day, they are all called Simeons. When the Simeons are left orphans, they do all the work in the field. The king, driving by, sees small children working in the field, calls them to him and questions them. One of them says that he wants to be a blacksmith and forge a huge pillar, another wants to look from this pillar, the third to be a ship carpenter, the fourth to be a helmsman, the fifth to hide a ship at the bottom of the sea, the sixth to get it out of there, and the seventh to be a thief. The king does not like the latter’s desire. Simeonov is sent to science. After a while, the king decides to look at their skills.
The blacksmith forged a huge pillar, the brother climbed onto it and saw Helen the Beautiful in a distant country. The other brothers demonstrated their naval skills. And the seventh - Simeon the thief - the king wants to hang, but he undertakes to steal Helen the Beautiful for him. All seven brothers go after the princess. The thief dresses up as a merchant, gives the princess a cat, which is not found in that land, shows her expensive fabrics and decorations and promises to show her an unusual stone if Elena comes to the ship.
As soon as Elena entered the ship, the fifth brother hid the ship to the bottom of the sea... And the sixth, when the danger of pursuit had passed, took him out and brought him to his native shore. The Tsar generously rewarded Simeonov, married Helen the Beautiful and gave a feast.
Marya Morevna
Ivan Tsarevich has three sisters: Marya Tsarevna, Olga Tsarevna and Anna Tsarevna. When their parents die, the brother gives the sisters in marriage: Marya to a falcon, Olga to an eagle, and Anna to a raven.
Ivan Tsarevich goes to visit his sisters and meets a huge army in the field, defeated by someone. One of the survivors explains: this army was defeated by Marya Morevna, the beautiful queen. Ivan Tsarevich travels further, meets Marya Morevna, and stays in her tents. Then he marries the princess, and they go to her state.
Marya Morevna, going to war, forbids her husband to look into one of the closets. But he, having disobeyed, looks - and Koschey the Immortal is chained there. Ivan Tsarevich gives Koshchei something to drink. He, having gained strength, breaks the chains, flies away and carries Marya Morevna along the way. Her husband goes to look for her.
On the way, Ivan Tsarevich meets the palaces of a falcon, an eagle and a raven. He visits his sons-in-law and leaves them a silver spoon, fork, and knife as souvenirs. Having reached Marya Morevna, Ivan Tsarevich tries twice to take his wife home, but both times Koschey on a fast horse catches up with them and takes Marya Morevna away. The third time he kills Ivan Tsarevich and cuts his body into pieces.
The donated silver of Ivan Tsarevich's sons-in-law turns black. The falcon, eagle and raven find the severed body and sprinkle it with dead and living water. The prince comes to life.
Koschey the Immortal tells Marya Morevna that he took his horse from Baba Yaga, across the river of fire. The princess steals from Koshchei and gives her husband a magic handkerchief, with which you can cross the fiery river.
Ivan Tsarevich goes to Baba Yaga. On the way, although he is hungry, out of pity he does not eat the chick, lion cub, or even bee honey, so as not to offend the bees. The prince hires himself out to Baba Yaga to herd her mares. It is impossible to keep track of them, but birds, lions and bees help the prince.
Ivan Tsarevich steals a mangy foal from Baba Yaga (in fact, it is a heroic horse). Baba Yaga gives chase, but drowns in a river of fire.
On his heroic horse, Ivan Tsarevich takes Marya Morevna away. Koschey catches up with them. The prince enters into battle with him and kills him.
Ivan Tsarevich and Marya Morevna stop by to visit the raven, eagle and falcon, and then go to their kingdom.
Emelya the Fool
The man had three sons; two are smart, and the third, Emelya, is a fool. The father dies, leaving everyone “one hundred rubles.” The older brothers go to trade, leaving Emelya at home with their daughters-in-law and promising to buy him red boots, a fur coat and a caftan.
In winter, when there is severe frost, the daughters-in-law send Emelya to fetch water. With great reluctance, he goes to the ice hole, fills a bucket... And catches a pike in the ice hole. Pike promises to make Emelino’s every wish come true if he lets her go. She reveals the magic words to the guy: “At the behest of the pike, at my will.” Emelya releases the pike. With the help of miraculous words, his first wish is fulfilled: buckets of water go home on their own.
A short time later, the daughters-in-law force Emelya to go into the yard to chop wood. Emelya orders the ax to chop the wood, and the wood to go to the hut and go into the oven. The daughters-in-law are amazed.
They send Emelya into the forest to get firewood. He doesn’t harness the horses, the sleigh drives itself from the yard. Driving through the city, Emelya crushes a lot of people. In the forest, an ax chops firewood and a club for Emelya.
On the way back in the city, they try to catch Emelya and crush his sides. And Emelya orders his baton to beat all the offenders and returns home safely.
The king, having heard about all this, sends his officer to Emelya. He wants to take the fool to the king. Emelya does not agree, and the officer slaps him in the face. Then Emelina beats both the officer and his soldiers with her baton. The officer reports all this to the king. The king sends an intelligent man to Emelya. He first talks to his daughters-in-law and learns that the fool loves affectionate treatment. Promising Emelya delicacies and refreshments, he persuades him to come to the king. Then the fool tells his furnace to go to the city itself.
In the royal palace, Emelya sees the princess and makes a wish: let her fall in love with him.
Emelya leaves the king, and the princess asks her father to marry her to Emelya. The king orders the officer to deliver Emelya to the palace. The officer makes Emelya drunk, and then ties him up, puts him in a wagon and takes him to the palace. The king orders him to make a large barrel, put his daughter and the fool in it, tar the barrel and put it into the sea.
A fool wakes up in a barrel. The king's daughter tells him what happened and asks him to free himself and her from the barrel. The fool says the magic words, and the sea throws the barrel ashore. She's falling apart.
Emelya and the princess find themselves on a beautiful island. According to Emelin's desire, a huge palace and a crystal bridge to the royal palace appear. Then Emelya himself becomes smart and handsome.
Emelya invites the king to visit her. He arrives and feasts with Emelya, but does not recognize him. When Emelya tells him everything that happened, the king rejoices and agrees to marry the princess to him.
The king returns home, and Emelya and the princess live in their palace.
The Tale of Ivan Tsarevich, the Firebird and the Gray Wolf
Tsar Svyala Andronovich had three sons: Dmitry, Vasily and Ivan. Every night the firebird flies into the royal garden and pecks at the golden apples on the king’s favorite apple tree. Tsar Vyslav promises to make the one of his sons who catches the firebird heir to the kingdom. First, Dmitry Tsarevich goes into the garden to guard her, but falls asleep at his post. The same thing happens to Vasily the Tsarevich. And Ivan Tsarevich lies in wait for the firebird, grabs it, but she escapes, leaving only a feather in his hands.
The king orders his children to find and bring him the firebird. The older brothers travel separately from the younger ones. Ivan Tsarevich arrives at a post on which it is written: the one who goes straight will be hungry and cold, to the right - he will be alive, but will lose his horse, to the left - he will lose his life, but the horse will be alive. The prince goes to the right. He meets a gray wolf, who kills his horse, but agrees to serve Ivan Tsarevich and takes him to Tsar Dolmat, who has a cage with a firebird hanging in his garden. The wolf advises to take the bird and not touch the cage. But the prince takes the cage, there is a knock and thunder, the guards catch him and lead him to the king. King Dolmat agrees to forgive the prince and give him the firebird if he brings him a golden-maned horse. Then the wolf takes Ivan Tsarevich to Tsar Afron - he has a golden-maned horse in his stable. The wolf convinces not to touch the bridle, but the prince does not listen to him. Again, Tsarevich Ivan is caught, and the Tsar promises to give him the horse if the Tsarevich brings Elena the Beautiful in return. Then the wolf kidnaps Elena the Beautiful and rushes her and Ivan Tsarevich to Tsar Afron. But the prince feels sorry for giving the princess to Afron. The wolf takes the form of Helen, and King Afron happily gives the prince the horse for the imaginary princess.
And the wolf runs away from Tsar Afron and catches up with Ivan Tsarevich.
After this, he takes the form of a golden-maned horse, and the prince takes him to King Dolmat. He, in turn, gives the firebird to the prince. And the wolf again takes its form and runs to Ivan Tsarevich. The wolf takes Ivan Tsarevich to the place where he tore his horse apart and says goodbye to him. The prince and the queen continue on their way. They stop to rest and fall asleep. Dmitry Tsarevich and Vasily Tsarevich find them sleeping, kill their brother, take the horse and the firebird. The princess is ordered to remain silent about everything on pain of death and is taken with them. Dmitry Tsarevich is going to marry her.
And the gray wolf finds the chopped body of Ivan Tsarevich. He waits for the crows to appear and grabs the crow. The raven father promises to bring dead and living water if the wolf does not touch his offspring. The raven fulfills his promise, the wolf sprinkles the body with dead and then living water. The prince comes to life, and the wolf takes him to the kingdom of Tsar Vyslav. Ivan Tsarevich appears at the wedding of his brother with Elena the Beautiful. When Elena the Beautiful sees him, she decides to tell the whole truth. And then the king puts his eldest sons in prison, and Ivan Tsarevich marries Helen the Beautiful.
Sivka-burka
The old man, dying, asks his three sons to take turns spending one night at his grave. The older brother does not want to spend the night at the grave, but asks the younger brother, Ivan the Fool, to spend the night in his place. Ivan agrees. At midnight, the father emerges from the grave. He calls the heroic horse Sivka-burka and orders him to serve his son. The middle brother does the same as the elder. Again Ivan spends the night at the grave, and at midnight the same thing happens. On the third night, when it’s Ivan’s turn, everything repeats itself.
The king calls out: whoever tears off the portrait of the princess, painted on his fly (that is, on a towel), from a high house, the princess will marry him. The older and middle brothers go to see how the portrait will be torn down. The fool asks to go with them, the brothers give him a three-legged filly, and they themselves leave. Ivan calls for Sivka-burka, climbs into one ear of the horse, comes out into the other and becomes a fine fellow. He goes for the portrait.
The horse gallops high, but the portrait is only three logs short. The brothers see this. Returning home, they tell their wives about the daring fellow, but do not know that it is their brother. The next day the same thing happens - Ivan is again a little short. For the third time he tears down the portrait.
The king summons people of all classes to a feast. Ivan the Fool also comes and sits down at the stove. The princess treats the guests and looks: who will wipe his fly with the portrait? But she does not see Ivan. The feast goes the next day, but the princess again does not find her betrothed. The third time she discovers Ivan the Fool with a portrait behind the stove and happily takes him to his father. Ivan's brothers are amazed.
They are having a wedding. Ivan, having dressed up and cleaned himself up, becomes a fine fellow: “It’s not Ivan the fool, but Ivan the Tsar’s son-in-law.”
Magic ring
An old hunter lives with his old woman and his son Martynka. Dying, he leaves his wife and son two hundred rubles. Martyn takes a hundred rubles and goes to the city to buy bread. But instead he buys the dog Zhurka from the butchers, which they want to kill. It takes the whole hundred. The old woman swears, but - there is nothing to do - she gives her son another hundred rubles. Now Martynka buys the cat Vaska from the evil boy for the same price.
Martyn's mother kicks him out of the house, and he hires himself out as a farm laborer for the priest. Three years later, the priest offers him a choice of a bag of silver and a bag of sand. The martynka selects sand, takes it and goes to look for another place. He comes to a forest clearing in which a fire is burning, and in the fire is a girl. Martin covers the fire with sand. The girl turns into a snake and takes Martyn to the underground kingdom to her father to thank him. The king of the underground side gives Martynka a magic ring.
Taking the ring and some money, Martynka returns to her mother. He persuades his mother to woo the beautiful princess for him. The mother does so, but the king, in response to this matchmaking, gives Martynka a task: let him build a palace, a crystal bridge and a five-domed cathedral in one day. If he does this, let him marry the princess; if he doesn’t, he will be executed.
Martynka throws the ring from hand to hand, twelve fellows appear and carry out the royal order. The king has to marry his daughter to Martyn. But the princess does not love her husband. She steals a magic ring from him and, with its help, is carried away to distant lands, to the mouse state. She leaves Martynka in poverty, in the same hut. Having learned about the disappearance of his daughter, the king orders Martynka to be imprisoned in a stone pillar and starves him to death.
The cat Vaska and the dog Zhurka run to the post and look through the window. They promise to help the owner. The cat and the dog throw themselves at the feet of street vendors, and then bring Martynka rolls, rolls and bottles of sour cabbage soup.
Vaska and Zhurka go to the mouse state to get a magic ring. They swim across the sea - a cat on the back of a dog. In the mouse kingdom, Vaska begins to strangle the mice until the mouse king asks for mercy. Vaska and Zhurka demand a magic ring. One mouse volunteers to get it. He sneaks into the princess’s bedroom, and she, even when sleeping, keeps the ring in her mouth. The mouse tickles her nose with its tail, she sneezes and loses the ring. And then the mouse brings the ring to Zhurka and Vaska.
The dog and the cat are walking back. Vaska holds the ring in his teeth. When they cross the sea, Vaska is hit in the head by a raven, and the cat drops the ring into the water. Having reached the shore, Vaska and Zhurka begin to catch crayfish. The cancer king begs for mercy; the crayfish push a beluga fish onto the shore, which swallowed the ring.
Vaska is the first to grab the ring and runs away from Zhurka to take all the credit for himself. The dog catches up with him, but the cat climbs a tree. Zhurka watches Vaska for three days, but then they make up.
The cat and dog run to the stone pillar and give the ring to the owner. Martynka regains the palace, the crystal bridge and the cathedral. He also brings back his unfaithful wife. The king orders her execution. “And Martynka still lives, chews bread.”
Horns
The old man gives his son, whose name is Monkey, to become a soldier. Monkey's teaching is not given, and he is beaten with rods. And so Monkey dreams that if he runs away to another kingdom, he will find there one-gold cards with which you can beat anyone, and a wallet from which the money does not decrease, even if you pour out a mountain of gold.
The dream comes true. With cards and a wallet in his pocket, Monkey comes to the tavern and starts a fight with the sutler. The generals come running - they are outraged by the behavior of the Monkey. True, seeing his wealth, the generals change their minds. They play cards with Monkey, he beats them, but gives all his winnings back to them. The generals tell their king about the Monkey. The King comes to Monkey and also plays cards with him. The monkey, having won, gives his winnings back to the king.
The king makes Monkey the chief minister and builds a three-story house for him. The monkey rules the kingdom for three years in the absence of the king and does a lot of good for ordinary soldiers and poor brethren.
The king's daughter Nastasya invites Monkey to visit. They play cards, and then during the meal Nastasya the Princess brings him a glass of “sleep potion.” Then he takes the cards and wallet from the sleeping Monkey and orders him to be thrown into a dung pit. Waking up, Monkey climbs out of the hole, puts on his old soldier's dress and leaves the kingdom. On the way, he meets an apple tree, eats the apple, and grows horns. He takes an apple from another tree and the horns fall off. Then the Monkey picks up apples of both varieties and returns to the kingdom.
The monkey gives a good apple to the old shopkeeper, and she becomes young and fat. In gratitude, the shopkeeper gives Monkey a sutler's dress. He goes to sell apples, gives an apple to Nastasya’s maid, and she also becomes beautiful and fat. Seeing this, the princess also wants apples. But they do not benefit her: Nastasya the Princess grows horns. And Monkey, dressed up as a doctor, goes to treat the princess. He takes her to the bathhouse, whips her with a copper rod and forces her to confess what sin she has committed. The princess blames herself for deceiving the minister and gives back the cards and wallet. Then the Monkey treats her to good apples: Nastasya’s horns fall off, and she becomes a beauty. The king again makes Monkey the chief minister and gives Nastasya the princess for him.
Legless and armless heroes
The prince is planning to marry, but he only knows that the princess to whom he is wooing has already ruined many suitors. Poor man Ivan the Naked comes to the prince and promises to arrange the matter.
The Tsarevich and Ivan Naked go to the princess. She offers the groom tests: shoot from a heroic gun, a bow, ride a heroic horse. All this is done by a servant instead of the prince. When Ivan the Naked shot an arrow, it hit the hero Mark Begun and knocked off both his hands.
The princess agrees to get married. After the wedding, she puts her hand on her husband at night, and he begins to choke. Then the princess realizes that she was deceived, and her husband is not a hero at all. She is plotting revenge. The prince and his wife are going home. When Ivan the Naked falls asleep, the princess cuts off his legs, leaves Ivan in an open field, orders the prince to stand on his heels and turns the carriage back to her kingdom. When she returns, she forces her husband to herd pigs.
Ivan the Naked is found by Marko Begun. The legless and armless heroes live together in the forest. They steal one of the blankets, and she helps them with the housework. A snake flies to the priest, which is why she withers and loses weight. The heroes catch the snake and force it to show the lake where there is living water. From bathing in this water, warriors grow arms and legs. Marco Begun returns the share to his father and remains to live with this priest.
Ivan Naked goes to look for the prince and finds him grazing pigs. The Tsarevich exchanges clothes with Ivan. He rides a horse, and Ivan drives pigs. The princess sees from the window that the cattle are being driven at the wrong time, and orders the shepherd to be torn out. But Ivan Naked pulls her by the braids until she repents. From then on, she begins to obey her husband. And Ivan the Naked serves with them.
The Sea King and Vasilisa the Wise
The tsar travels through foreign lands, and meanwhile his son Ivan Tsarevich is born at home. When the king drinks water from the lake, the sea king grabs him by the beard and demands to give him something that he “doesn’t know at home.” The king agrees. Only upon arriving home does he realize his mistake.
When Ivan Tsarevich becomes an adult, the Tsar takes him to the lake and orders him to look for the ring that he supposedly lost. The prince meets an old woman who explains to him that he has been given to the king of the sea. The old woman advises Ivan Tsarevich to wait for thirteen doves - beautiful maidens - to appear on the shore and steal the shirt from the last, thirteenth. The prince listens to advice. The pigeons fly in, turn into girls and bathe. Then they fly away, leaving only the youngest, from whom the prince steals her shirt. This is Vasilisa the Wise. She gives the prince a ring and shows the way to the sea kingdom, and she flies away.
The prince comes to the sea kingdom. The king of the sea commands him to sow a huge wasteland and grow rye there, and if the prince does not do this, he will be executed.
Ivan Tsarevich tells Vasilisa about his misfortune. She tells him to go to bed, and orders her faithful servants to do everything. The next morning the rye is already high. The Tsar gives Ivan Tsarevich a new task: to thresh three hundred stacks of wheat in one night. At night, Vasilisa the Wise orders the ants to select grain from the stacks. Then the king orders the prince to build a church from pure wax overnight. Vasilisa commands the bees to do this too. Then the tsar allows Ivan Tsarevich to marry any of his daughters.
Ivan Tsarevich marries Vasilisa the Wise. After some time, he confesses to his wife that he wants to go to Holy Rus'. Vasilisa spits in three corners, locks her tower and runs away with her husband to Rus'. Envoys from the sea king come to call the young people to the palace. The droolers from the three corners tell them that it’s too early. In the end, the messengers break down the door, and the mansion is empty.
The sea king sets up the pursuit. Vasilisa, hearing the chase, turns into a lamb, and turns her husband into a shepherd. The messengers do not recognize them and return back. The sea king sends a new chase. Now Vasilisa is turning into a church, and turning the prince into a priest. The chase returns. The sea king himself sets off in pursuit. Vasilisa turns horses into a lake, her husband into a drake, and she herself turns into a duck. The sea king recognizes them, becomes an eagle, but cannot kill the drake and the duck because they dive.
Young people come to the kingdom of Ivan Tsarevich. The prince wants to report to his father and mother and asks Vasilisa to wait for him in the forest. Vasilisa warns that the prince will forget her. This is how it happens.
Vasilisa is hired as a worker at a malt mill. She makes two doves from the dough, which fly to the prince’s palace and hit the windows. The prince, seeing them, remembers Vasilisa, finds her, brings her to her father and mother, and everyone lives together.
Finist's Feather - falcon's clear
The old man has three daughters. The father is going to the city, the eldest and middle daughter ask to buy them fabrics for a dress, and the youngest - Finist's feather - the clear falcon. Having returned, the father gives his eldest daughters some new clothes, but he could not find the feather. The next time, the older sisters each receive a scarf, but the promised feather for the younger sister is again missing. For the third time, the old man finally buys a feather for a thousand rubles.
In the youngest daughter’s room, the feather turns into the prince Finista The prince and the girl are having a conversation. The sisters hear voices. Then the prince turns into a falcon, and the girl lets him fly. The older sisters stick knives and needles into the window frame. Returning, Finist wounds his wings on the knives and flies away, telling the girl to look for him in the distant kingdom. She hears it in her sleep.
The girl stocks up with three pairs of iron shoes, three cast-iron staves, three stone potions and goes to look for Finist. On the way, she spends the night with three old women. One gives her a golden spindle, another a silver dish with a golden egg, the third a golden hoop with a needle.
The bread has already been chewed up, the staffs have been broken, the shoes have been trampled. The girl finds out that Finist in such and such a city married the daughter of the malt milk, and is hired by the malt mill as a worker. He gives the old women's gifts of malt to his daughter in exchange for the right to stay with Finist for three nights.
The wife mixes Finisga with a sleeping potion. He sleeps and does not see the red maiden, does not hear her words. On the third night, the girl’s hot tears wake up Finist. The prince and the girl are running away from the malt.
Finist turns into a feather again, and the girl comes home with him. She says she was on a pilgrimage. The father and eldest daughters leave for matins. The youngest stays at home and, after waiting a little, goes to church with Tsarevich Finist, in a golden carriage and precious attire. In church, the relatives do not recognize the girl, and she does not open up to them. The next day the same thing happens. On the third day, the father guesses everything, forces his daughter to confess, and the red maiden marries Prince Finist.
Tricky Science
Grandfather and woman have a son. The old man wants to send the guy to science, but there is no money. The old man takes his son around the cities, but no one wants to teach him without money. One day they meet a man who agrees to teach the guy a tricky science for three years. But he sets a condition: if the old man does not recognize his son after three years, he will remain with the teacher forever.
The day before the appointed time, the son flies to his father like a small bird and says that the teacher has eleven more students, whom the parents did not recognize, and they remained with the owner forever.
The son teaches his father how he can be recognized.
The owner (and he turned out to be a sorcerer) turns his students into pigeons, stallions, and good fellows, but in all forms the father recognizes his son. Father and son go home.
On the way they meet a master. The son turns into a dog and tells his father to sell him to the master, but without a collar. The old man sells with a collar. The son still manages to escape from the master and return home.
After some time, the son turns into a bird and tells his father to sell him at the market, but without a cage. The father does just that. The sorcerer teacher buys a bird, and it flies away.
Then the son turns into a stallion and asks his father to sell him without a bridle. The father again sells the horse to the sorcerer, but he also has to give the bridle. The sorcerer brings the horse home and ties it. The sorcerer's daughter, out of pity, wants to lengthen the reins, and the horse runs away. The sorcerer is chasing him with a gray wolf. The young man turns into a ruff, the sorcerer turns into a pike... Then the ruff turns into a golden ring, the merchant’s daughter takes it, but the sorcerer demands that she give the ring. The girl throws the ring, it scatters into grains, and the sorcerer in the guise of a rooster pecks at the grain. One grain turns into a hawk, which kills the rooster.
Sister Alyonushka, brother Ivanushka
The king and queen die; their children Alyonushka and Ivanushka go traveling.
Children see a herd of cows near a pond. The sister persuades her brother not to drink from this pond, so as not to become a calf. They see a herd of horses, a herd of pigs, and a herd of goats by the water. Alyonushka warns her brother everywhere. But in the end, he disobeys his sister, drinks and becomes a little goat.
Alyonushka ties him by the belt and takes him with her. They enter the royal garden. The Tsar asks Alyonushka who she is. Soon he will marry her.
Alyonushka, who has become a queen, is damaged by an evil witch. She herself undertakes to treat the queen: she orders her to go to the sea and drink water there. A witch drowns Alyonushka by the sea. The little goat, seeing this, cries. And the sorceress takes the form of Queen Alyonushka.
The imaginary queen offends Ivanushka. She begs the king to order the slaughter of the little goat. The king, albeit reluctantly, agrees. The little goat asks permission to go to the sea. There he asks his sister to swim out, but she replies from under the water that she cannot. The little goat returns, but then asks to go to the sea again and again. The king, surprised, secretly follows him. There he hears a conversation between Alyonushka and Ivanushka. Alyonushka tries to swim out, and the king pulls her ashore. The little goat tells about what happened, and the king orders the execution of the sorceress.
Princess Frog
The king has three sons. The youngest is called Ivan Tsarevich. The king orders them to shoot arrows in different directions. Each of them must woo the girl in whose yard his arrow will fall. The eldest son's arrow falls on the boyar's courtyard, the middle son's on the merchant's, and Ivan Tsarevich's arrow falls into the swamp, and is picked up by a frog.
The eldest son marries a hawthorn, the middle son marries a merchant's daughter, and Ivan Tsarevich has to marry a frog.
The king orders his daughters-in-law to bake white bread each. Ivan Tsarevich is upset, but the frog consoles him. At night she turns into Vasilisa the Wise and orders her nannies to bake bread. The next morning the glorious bread is ready. And the king orders his daughters-in-law to weave a carpet in one night. Ivan Tsarevich is sad. But at night the frog again turns into Vasilisa the Wise and gives orders to the nannies. The next morning a wonderful carpet is ready.
The king orders his sons to come to him for inspection along with their wives. The wife of Ivan Tsarevich appears in the guise of Vasilisa the Wise. She dances, and from the waves of her hands a lake appears, swans swim in the water. The wives of other princes try to imitate her, but to no avail. Meanwhile, Ivan Tsarevich finds the frog skin discarded by his wife and burns it. Having learned about this, Vasilisa grieves, turns into a white swan and flies out the window, ordering the prince to look for her distant lands near Koshchei the Immortal. Ivan Tsarevich goes to look for his wife and meets an old man who explains that Vasilisa had to live as a frog for three years - this was her punishment from her father. The old man gives the prince a ball,
When the whale had eaten all the fish, the cunning little fish described to him all the delights of the human snack and told him where to find him, but warned him that man is a restless creature. The whale swallowed the sailor along with his raft and suspenders. In the stomach of the whale, the sailor began to run, jump and generally behave very actively, so that the whale felt unwell. When he asked his prey to crawl out of his stomach, the sailor promised to think about it if the whale would take him home to the white cliffs of Albion. Before going home, the guy inserted a lattice of raft boards and suspenders into the whale’s throat, so that he could only eat very, very small fish. And the cunning fish swam away and hid in the mud, under the threshold of the equator, because it was afraid that the whale would be angry with it.
How a hump appeared on the camel's back
When the earth was completely new, the animals that helped man came to the camel living in the middle of the vast Howling Desert and tried to attract him to active activity, but he only answered “grib” and gave up on their requests. The animals complained to the genie; when the camel told him his usual “hump,” he rewarded him with a hump so that the beast could work for 3 days without lunch breaks.
How folds appeared on the skin of a rhinoceros
A fire-worshipping Persian baked sweet bread with raisins, but a rhinoceros drove him onto a palm tree and ate all the bread. When the rhinoceros took off all his smooth skin and went for a swim, the man poured stale crumbs and burnt raisins into it. To get rid of the tingling sensation, the rhinoceros began to rub against the palm tree, but only rubbed the folds and completely erased the buttons.
How the leopard became spotted
All animals lived in the High Feldt desert, where they were easily found by hunters: humans and leopards. To protect themselves, the animals went into the forest and acquired camouflage stripes and spots. The wise Babun advised the leopard to acquire spots, and the Ethiopian, too, to make changes to his appearance. In the forest they caught a zebra and a giraffe; they showed the hunters why they can hear and smell animals, but cannot see. The Ethiopian turned black and covered the leopard with 5 fingerprints.
Elephant child
When elephants did not have a trunk, a curious baby elephant asked many questions, for which he was beaten repeatedly. Finally, he wanted to know what the crocodile had for dinner. He turned to the crocodile with this question; he grabbed him by the nose and began to pull him into the water. The python pulled the curious baby out by its hind legs, but the baby elephant's nose remained extended. With it he could get bananas, and also beat off all those who had previously spread their paws.
Old Kangaroo's Request
The kangaroo, who at that time had a fluffy skin and short legs, asked the three gods to make him different from the others, and so that everyone would know about him by 5 pm. He annoyed one of the gods so much that he asked the dingo to chase the kangaroo. As a result, the kangaroo's hind legs extended to make it easier to jump. But he refused to thank the dingo for acquiring the kangaroo.
How did armadillos appear?
The jaguari told her inexperienced son about the hedgehog (it must be thrown into the water to turn around) and the turtle (it is better to scratch it out of its shell), but they managed to confuse the foolish one, who, as a result of the hunt, only painfully pricked his paw. To escape, the turtle began to learn to curl up into a ball, and the hedgehog to swim. As a result of training, the turtle's scutes separated, and the hedgehog's needles stuck together. The Jaguar advised her son to leave them alone and called the new animals armadillos.
How the first letter was written
A primitive man named Tegulai Bopsulaya had his spear broken. While he was repairing it, Tefi’s daughter sent a drawing with the stranger to her mother with a request to send a new spear, but she was frightened by the strange drawings and raised the whole village to beat the stranger (and his hair was smeared with clay). This is how the first thought about the need for writing appeared.
How the first alphabet was compiled
Tegumai and Tefi came up with images of the letters in a few days: A is like the open mouth of a carp, U is like its tail, O is like a stone or an open mouth, etc. The letters were combined into words.
Sea crab who played with the sea
In the most ancient times, a magician showed the animals how to play, and they began to play: beaver with beaver, cow with cow, etc. This game was too simple for a smart person. The sea crab decided to graze and float sideways into the sea. Only Adam's daughter noticed this. The wizard approved the deeds of all animals (for example, he made the pieces of earth that the elephant threw into the Himalayan mountains). But Adam complained about the ebb and flow of the tides; It turned out that it was the Crab who was misbehaving. The wizard made him small and strips him of his armor once a year. The little girl gave the crab her scissors so that he could dig holes and open nuts.
The man was lazy and did not want to row to the shore. To make the sea work for him twice a day, the wizard gave a command to the old man of the moon and the rat that was gnawing his net (the fisherman dragged the sea past the continents with his net).
The cat who walked by himself
A wise primitive woman tamed animals (a dog with tasty bones, a horse and a cow with fragrant hay). The cat, who walked wherever he wanted, watched all this (he even received a promise of eternal enmity from the dog for not going with her on reconnaissance); the woman promised that if she praised the cat once, he could go into the cave, two times, sit near the fire, three times, he could drink milk 3 times a day. The woman did not want this, but the cat, playing with her baby and catching a mouse, achieved praise three times, as evidenced by the skin that covered the entrance, the fire and the jugs of milk. But the man made an agreement with the cat: if he did not always catch mice, then the man would throw one of his five things at him (boots, a stone ax, a log and an ax), and the dog promised to chase him if he was not gentle with baby.
The moth that stomped its foot
Suleiman ibn Daoud had many grumpy wives and one beloved wife, Balkis, as well as a magic ring that summoned genies (however, Suleiman did not want to show off his strength and pacify his spouse with the help of genies). In the garden, he once saw a married couple of moths who were quarreling, and the husband claimed that all he had to do was stamp his foot and the entire palace of Suleiman would disappear. Balkin’s wife, who had taught him, dared him to stomp, and Suleiman, in cahoots with her husband, ordered the genies to carry the castle into the air. Thus, not only the moth’s wife was pacified, but also the scandalous sultanas.
December 24, house of medical adviser Stahlbaum. Everyone is preparing for Christmas, and the children - Fritz and Marie - are guessing what the inventor and artist godfather, senior court adviser Drosselmeyer, who often repaired the clock in the Stahlbaums' house, will give them as a gift this time.
In the evening, the children were allowed to see the beautiful Christmas tree, near and on which there were gifts: new dolls, dresses, hussars, etc. The godfather made a wonderful castle, but the dolls dancing in it performed the same movements, and it was impossible to get inside the castle, so The children quickly became tired of the miracle of technology - only the mother became interested in the complex mechanism. The Mouse King got into the habit of extorting Marie for her sweets in exchange for the safety of the Nutcracker. The parents were alarmed that there were mice.
