About rudeness and foul language.

Russian language lesson

Teacher Bobrysheva N.I.,

Voronezh Music College

them. Rostropovich

Goals: to realize responsibility for the current state of the Russian language; form a critical attitude towards the use of profanity.

Objectives: to introduce students to the concept of “language situation”, “linguistic culture of the individual”, to explain the concept of “profanity”, to promote the formation of civil responsibility for the state of the Russian language and one’s own speech practice.

Lesson format: round table.

In preparation for the lesson, the children conducted a survey and received assignments for the lesson.

Equipment: presentation “Profanity”, questionnaires and a fragment from the feature film “Chairman”.

During the classes.

As life is, so is speech.

Seneca

A Russian is one who never forgets that he is Russian; who knows the native language of the great people. We must remember that we are responsible for the state.

I. A. Ilyin

I Language situation.

Teacher's lecture.

The state of society, its culture and moral values is evidenced by the linguistic situation, i.e. the relationship between different forms of language in people’s speech. Do they speak a literary language, jargon, can you hear dialects and vernaculars? What language do you and I speak during the period that was called the period of “intercivilizational development”? During critical periods in a language, vocabulary, the way it is used, and the general manner of expressing thoughts usually change.

Language researchers note two of the most negative trends in the modern linguistic situation in Russia: 1) a sharp stylistic decline in Russian speech, its coarsening and vulgarization, massive deviations from the Russian literary language, a sharp decline in the prestige of Russian speech culture 2) aggressive influence from the American version of the English language . I would add a third misfortune of our society. This is rudeness and foul language. In our communication they have become as widespread as drunkenness. In Russia 70 - 90's. foul language acquired a total character. The abolition of censorship, falsely understood democracy, and freedom of speech have done their job. Foul language has spread to all regions of the country, the entire population, and almost all speech situations. A. Solzhenitsyn writes with bitterness about a country where every second person has gone through the academy of swearing, where people swear not only when boarding a country bus, but also in intimate conversations. (“In the first circle”)

The spread of foul language has led to the fact that it has penetrated from the area of consciousness into the area of unconscious processes. The surgeon could not operate on one very intelligent woman, because when she was given anesthesia, she spoke... Even if you yourself do not say bad words, your fellow countrymen will make sure that you do not forget them.

Imagine that there is a certain disease - Tourette's syndrome, when a person, in addition to a number of other signs of this disease, also has the following feature of speech: speech is lost, but the ability to use foul language is preserved..

Foul language has become a sad sign of our national speech. Foreign students learn the first Russian words, which are unprintable. Nowadays, almost everyone is interested in swearing. They defend dissertations on this topic, publish dictionaries of obscenities, students research the language of Limonov, S. Dovlatov, etc. in their coursework. So, today's practice of using one's native language is alarming. In this regard, we also decided to conduct a little research. Students at our college were given a questionnaire. It will be interesting to see its results.

A group of students introduces the results of the questionnaires to the audience.

Teacher.

As we can see, the survey showed that the situation with the use of foul language is contradictory.

So that our thoughts on the topic of foul language are not empty, let's clarify some linguistic concepts. Where is the place of swear words in the native language? Listen to the guys' messages on this topic.

II Group I message.

Speaker 1.

Each language has literary, colloquial and profane vocabulary. Literary vocabulary- this is cultural vocabulary that can be used in any situation, both in oral and written speech, in public places and in the media. This includes traditionally distinguished book, high, scientific, special, official business and part of the traditionally distinguished colloquial vocabulary (literary-colloquial). For example, where do we include the words “man”, “citizen”, “dude”, “person”. The last 2 words are NOT literary.

Speaker 2.

Spoken vocabulary is appropriate and acceptable mainly in oral speech between friends, in a narrow company of close, well-known and equal people in communication; This also includes reduced vocabulary, national jargon (slang) and vernacular. For example, a person, little man, trudge (walk slowly). There are colloquial words neutral and reduced.

Literary and colloquial vocabulary form normative vocabulary, the use of which corresponds to the norms of literary and colloquial speech.

Speaker 3.

Non-normative vocabulary is considered as offensive to the interlocutor and negatively characterizes the speaker, and therefore in public opinion it is considered subject to exclusion from public use.

Among profanity, linguistic consciousness distinguishes two categories - rude And obscene.

Speaker 4.

Coarse language includes vulgar And abusive(invective). The use of vulgar vocabulary (belly, baldness) primarily indicates the lack of culture of the speaker and is not addressed to the interlocutor as an insult; Usually a cultured person is offended simply by someone using it in his presence.

Brannaya or invective vocabulary (pig, dog) is usually used with the intention of insulting or humiliating the addressee or a third party. But in certain situations it can be used without such intention, to release emotions. The public use of abusive language is condemned by the public consciousness.

Obscene(synonym - indecent) vocabulary is expressive vocabulary, which the social consciousness of modern society constantly prohibits in public use. Based on the above classification, it seems possible to define the term foul language. Foul language- these are expressive words with an unkind meaning, used with or without the intention of offending the listener - abusive and obscene language. Foul language, therefore, includes abusive language (condemned by the public consciousness) and obscene language (prohibited for public use by the public consciousness), but does not include vulgar language (evidence of the speaker’s lack of culture).

Profanity includes vulgar and profanity (expletive and obscene language) and is a broader concept than profanity.

Teacher.

There is swearing in every language. But there is an opinion about the exclusivity of Russian swearing: Russian swearing is the strongest, all foreigners recognize it, first of all they learn it by heart and prefer to swear exclusively in Russian.

I II MessageII groups.

Foul language in the languages of the world.

Speaker 1.

People really like to swear in a foreign language. This makes it easier to break the ban. Caucasians and residents of Central Asia often swear in Russian because they do not dare to swear in their native language. Russians in Germany often swear in German words.

Americans published a dictionary "7000 Russian curses", which included words that name some human shortcomings. This includes definitions deaf, lame, blind and under. And the Germans published a dictionary "100 Russian vulgar words". The first one is apparatchik. It included words such as leader, work hard, touchy, she's pregnant, bag, eatery, clothes, buzz, prison, girlfriend, coward, etc.. These words are unlikely to be curse words - they are simply words that give a person or thing a disapproving assessment, and even then not in all cases.

Speaker 2.

What do you mean by swearing? Mat- these are the rudest of invective, expressing an extreme degree of contempt, irritation, the strongest degree of emotion, usually negative. At the same time, we emphasize that swearing refers to uncodified units that is, those that are not recognized as units of literary language, are not recorded in commonly used explanatory dictionaries and are not used in writing, cannot be used when speaking to an audience, in the press, in the media, or in works of art.

There are few such words in Russian, as in other languages, although this does not make them less noticeable, since, unfortunately, they are very often used in oral speech.

An important feature of these words and expressions is their purely oral nature - they cannot be written or printed, they are purely oral.

This ban, unfortunately, has now begun to be frequently violated by our press, television, and modern writers, which has a serious negative impact on the development of the modern Russian language, on the culture of communication and on the culture of society in general.

Speaker 3.

One of the most common ways of swearing in the world is defamation of a sacred thing. It is the violation of the “holy prohibition” that makes such curses very strong. In his doctoral dissertation, V.I. Zhelvis compared invective in 50 languages of the world and found that curse words with the component “mother” are found in 11 languages. An insult to a mother is an insult to the Mother of God, a blow to the saint. Invective exists in all languages, although each nation found its own ways to express dissatisfaction with the interlocutor. We will say: "Fool!", and the Japanese uses a construction like “I'm smarter”, but the result is the same.

The presence of indecent words in all languages is also evidenced by this curious phenomenon: foreigners learning the Russian language begin to avoid some Russian words, feeling embarrassed when using them. Bulgarians avoid Russian words "matches", Czechs – "doctor" Arabs - "tooth", Germans - “bobblehead” etc.

IV Conversations on issues.

Teacher:

Why do people fight?

Student answers:

Relieving stress, “discharging” the emotion being experienced at the moment.

Helps relieve physical and mental pain.

A means of protecting your status. More often, scandal is a defensive weapon of the weak, who fears for their position, prestige, privileges, etc.

Self-encouragement function. Boxers often start with insults and then, with the gong, attack each other with fists.

A means of suppressing an interlocutor as an aggressive means of attack. It is no coincidence that “scold” and “battlefield” are words with the same root. In hand-to-hand combat, front-line soldiers always swore.

As a means of self-humiliation. “Oh, I’m a fool, what did I do!”

Swearing helps a person hide fear and vulnerability. "Go to hell! Damn you!" etc.

As a magical force. “Scold me when I take the exam”. Wed: Break a leg!

Traditional curse words - ritual speeches: “reproachful” Russian wedding songs (vilification of the groom), in ditties, couplets, anecdotes.

To demonstrate by high-ranking people their closeness to the people.

Swear words are often used as interjections, to “fill pauses,” to connect words in a sentence. For example, the word “damn”, “fir-trees-sticks”, “yo-mine” and the like.

Teacher:

So, there are many reasons why people resort to foul language. But none of them can serve as an excuse. This is the first step to breaking the laws of society. On the other hand, a person who uses a mat gradually atrophies his thinking ability.

— Who, in your opinion, uses profanity most often?

Student answers:

Children more often than adults express their dissatisfaction with each other, using curses, teasing, and insults. They have increased emotionality and have not yet acquired the skills of a culture of behavior and communication.

Teenagers use swearing as a means of enhancing status, as a defense against possible aggression, or as a demonstration of aggression. Or as a manifestation of rebellion.

Men swear more often. This is the desire to demonstrate masculine strength or “belonging to a group,” to show that I belong: “And then we were rescued by an elderly soldier, who went down to the very bank of the river and began to cover the sentry with choice words. Only then did the sentry truly believe that there were his own people on the other side.”(“Week”, 1982)

Men and teenagers often begin to swear when they find themselves in male company. Swearing is considered “manly.”

People who occupy a high position in society usually swear less publicly than lower-ranking and “weak” people.

Teacher:

True, in Russia, bosses often observe foul language - the boss uses foul language in the presence of his subordinates, emphasizing his dominance and power. Physicist V. Shklovsky spoke about one very serious meeting with Beria: “Beria interrupted the speaker and unleashed a stream of dirty abuse on the assembled academicians. The scientists lowered their eyes. And then Academician P. Kapitsa stood up and began to honor Beria in the same expressions: they say, when you talk to physicists, ... you should stand at attention, and not allow yourself such impudence. Beria immediately stopped the meeting, and the next day P. Kapitsa was removed from his post as director of the Institute of Physical Problems of the USSR Academy of Sciences and put under house arrest. Only Himself had the right to swear..."

- How do you feel about women swearing?

Teacher:

The public use of swear words is a gross violation of social and moral prohibitions. By the way, in some countries there are criminal articles that provide punishment for swearing in a public place. The US Supreme Court in 1978 officially recognized 7 English words as the most obscene curse words. However, what is typical is that not a single American newspaper decided to publish this list precisely because of its extreme obscenity.

— Do you know about legal liability for using profanity?

Student answers:

— The Russian Language Council under the President of the Russian Federation was created, the state program “Russian Language” was developed, the Law “On the State Language of the Russian Federation” was adopted, 2007 was declared the Year of the Russian Language, there is an article in the Criminal Code “For swearing in a public place.”

Teacher:

However, much remains unclear and complex, including in the implementation of the Law on the Russian Language.

— Is it necessary to combat the use of profanity in speech and how?

A group of student researchers introduces the audience to the answer options for the questionnaires.

Teacher:

So, the overwhelming number of respondents believe that it is necessary to banish obscenity from the pages of newspapers and television screens.

We see the best example of depicting foul language in a work of art in the film “The Chairman” (viewing an excerpt from the film “The Chairman”).

Women have a role to play in the fight against foul language - they should not allow foul language in their presence or in the presence of children.

It is the duty of intelligent men to avoid public foul language in their presence.

And finally, it is necessary to demonstrate examples of cultural, intelligent speech.

Lesson summary.

The teacher thanks the children for their work and concludes that people should improve their linguistic culture - this is their duty to the country and their native language.

Homework.

Write your proposals on the topic:

“How to deal with obscene language”,

“How I fought obscene language.”

Summary of an open lesson using a cartoon.

Topic: “Lessons in politeness.”

Target: Expand children's knowledge about the culture of behavior, ways of using polite words in everyday life.

Tasks:

Educational:

To promote the use of polite figures of speech in active vocabulary, the correct pronunciation of polite words.

Educational:

Continue to develop communication skills: hear the question asked, try to give a complete answer, say what you see.

IN educational:

Promotefostering polite relationships between children in the group.

Progress of the lesson:

Motivation. (welcoming speech from the teacher, posing a problematic question)

Guys, do you know what a “cartoon club” is?

Do you want to visit there?

Guys, do you like watching cartoons? (Yes )

Do you think a cartoon can teach us polite words? (yes)

What polite words do you already know?

But the caterpillars from the cartoon about Luntik and his friends could not understand for a long time why they learned these polite words! Want to see what came of it?

Then pay attention to the screen!

II. Watching the cartoon Luntik and his friends from “Ignorant”

III. Analysis of the cartoon and work on the content.

Questions for analysis:

1.Who was attentive and remembered the name of the cartoon series about Luntik and his friends? (Ignorant)

2.Why is the series called “Ignorants”? How do you think? (the caterpillars were not polite)

4. How did Luntik teach Vupsen and Pupsen politeness? (retelling)

5. What polite words have the caterpillars learned? (hello, please, excuse me)

6. Let's remember now and think about whether they are using them correctly?

6.1 For example, when Mila arrived, they told her “HEY, WHAT HAVE YOU ARRIVED”, and when meeting a truly polite person should say... children - “HELLO”

6.2 What did the caterpillars do when they climbed up the tree to visit? (they spoke polite words, pushed each other, stepped on each other’s heads, did not let each other go ahead)

6.3 Were they polite? (No)

6.4 What should a polite person or cartoon character have done? (let a friend pass ahead, and if he accidentally pushed him, then apologize)

7. How should you pronounce polite magic words? (In a calm voice, looking straight into the eyes, from the bottom of my heart)

8. Why do you think we need polite words? (to avoid quarrels, polite words help to make friends; with polite people you want to be polite yourself)

Educator: Of course, guys, polite words help you make friends, avoid quarrels, with polite people you want to be polite yourself.

Educator: Guys, have you noticed that the animals in the cartoon can talk, think, be polite and not so much. In this way they are similar to you and me. Please tell me, can the same stories happen to you? (Yes)

1. What is your mood when children answer you rudely or don’t answer at all? (It’s bad, I’m offended, sad)

3. Do we want to forgive a friend when he politely apologizes to us from the bottom of his heart?

Educator: Now let's take a little rest. We get up from our chairs and follow me. I have a song that cartoon characters sing. You can repeat the movements of the characters or just dance.

What polite words did you hear in this song? (thank you, sorry)

Educator: Well, now, in order to repeat and better remember polite words, I have a game for you. Try to answer in unison, because you are friendly guys.

We offer the game “Say the Word”

Having met a bunny, the neighbor hedgehog says to him “... “(Hello!)

And his big-eared neighbor answers: “Hedgehog, …” (Hello!)

Flounder swam to Octopussy on Monday,

And on Tuesday, when she said goodbye, she said to her: “...” (Goodbye!)

The clumsy dog Kostya stepped on the mouse's tail.

They would have quarreled, but he said “…” (Sorry!)

Even a block of ice will melt from a kind word “…” (Thank you!)

The fat cow Lula was eating hay and sneezed.

To prevent her from sneezing again, we will tell her: “…” (Be healthy!)

Fox Matryona says: “Give me the cheese, crow!

The cheese is big, and you are small! I’ll tell everyone that I didn’t!”

You, Fox, don’t complain, but say: “…” (Please!)

During the day we are very tired and we will say to everyone “...” (Good night!)

Educator: Guys, today we, together with the caterpillars, remembered and learned a lot of polite words that are not only pleasant to hear, but also pleasant to say. I have pictures that can help you remember polite words. I suggest we make a gift for the caterpillars with a hint book so that they remember to say polite words. Only my pictures are not colored(((Can you help me color them? Then let’s go!

Municipal preschool educational institution kindergarten No. 15 “Ogonyok”

general development view of the urban district of the city of Bui

Summary of a comprehensive lesson

"Who works on creating cartoons"

(for older children)

Software tasks:

Educational: clarify children’s knowledge about creating cartoons. Enrich children's knowledge with information about the professions of people working on cartoons.

Educational:

To instill in children an interest in the professional activities of people working on creating cartoons.

Educational:

Develop the ability to answer questions clearly, clearly and consistently; enrich children's vocabulary with professional terms on the topic of the lesson.

Develop imagination and creative imagination.

Educator: Guys, I know that you all love watching cartoons. Do you know what professions people participate in their creation? (children's answers)

And it all began a long time ago, long before the Lumière brothers invented cinema. Already thousands of years ago, artists and sculptors knew how to bring figures to life. In ancient Assyria, statues of winged bulls with five legs were placed at the entrance to the royal palace. When a man passed by, it seemed as if a bull was walking. In Egyptian temples, skillful lighting helped to “animate” images. In Europe in the Middle Ages, funny little books similar to notepads were common. On each page the same figure was drawn in different poses. If the book was flipped through quickly, the figure began to wave its arms, ride a horse, and so on.

In order to create a cartoon, the work of many professionals is required.

Where do you think the creation of a cartoon begins? That's right, first you need to write the script for the future cartoon and this is the screenwriter's job. Next, when the script is written, who gets involved? (children's answers)

The director selects a team that will work on the cartoon. Who do you think?

That's right, these are artists, a composer, and actors who will voice cartoon characters.

In order to become an animator, you need to have imagination, a sense of time, rhythm, a great sense of humor, and the ability to come up with interesting and funny stories and plots. In one second in a cartoon we see 24 frames. 24 frames must be drawn by the artist so that the movements seem natural and funny. It is clear that this is not a simple matter.

Each animation drawing is based on a design - a diagram. Each drawing - phase is recorded on a special sheet, which is called an exposure sheet. The more patterns, the smoother the movement, the fewer phases, the sharper and faster the movement.

Let's look at the movement patterns of a conventional character, compare the nature of the movement, as well as the phases of movement of the little princess, who recoiled from the terrible bony hand. She backs away on tiptoe in horror, her face frightened. (examination of traffic patterns)

After the cartoon is drawn, whose work do you think will be needed next? (children's answers)

That's right, the cartoon needs to be voiced.

Before the invention of sound cinema, feature films and cartoons were accompanied by music performed on the piano or grand piano by musicians - tappers. Walt Disney was the first to use music in his cartoons. By using musical accents and adding various funny sounds, Disney achieved an amazing combination of sound and image. If an animator comes up with a dance, then the rhythm of the movement is set by sound, and, therefore, the extreme expressive positions of the dancing character must coincide with the accents. Accents are not only musical, they can be the simplest sounds that emphasize movements. Every film studio has a collection of recordings of various noises: from the ringing of a bell to the creaking of a door, from the clap of thunder to the singing of a bird.

In addition to the sound engineer in cinema, there is an extremely interesting profession - sound designer. There are such cartoons, voiced only by noises and sound accents, when the characters do not speak, but simply make some sounds. Actors who speak for cartoon characters also participate in the dubbing of cartoons.

Let's now try to become cartoon creators for a while and divide into groups. We will have one group of scriptwriters, one of artists, one of directors and another of composers. Let's first appoint the main director of the cartoon, who will select his team. (children choose a director, divide into groups)

Guys, what will our group of screenwriters do? That's right, they will come up with a plot to film a cartoon about. What will a group of artists do? That's right, they will draw pictures for the cartoon. What will the sound design team do? They will figure out how to voice our cartoon.

Well, let's get to work. (Children first come up with a plot, then draw several drawings, then use musical instruments to voice them)

Guys, in order to see our cartoon on the screen, we will ask our music director Marina Valentinovna to process our materials on the computer.

Lesson summary:

Children, let's remember what we did in class. What professions were you talking about? What would you like to do when creating a cartoon?

About rudeness and foul language.

Russian language lesson

Teacher Bobrysheva N.I.,

Voronezh Music College

them. Rostropovich

Goals: to realize responsibility for the current state of the Russian language; form a critical attitude towards the use of profanity.

Lesson format: round table.

In preparation for the lesson, the children conducted a survey and received assignments for the lesson.

Equipment: presentation “Profanity”, questionnaires and a fragment from the feature film “Chairman”.

During the classes.

E As life is, so is speech. Seneca

A Russian is one who never forgets that he is Russian; who knows the native language of the great people. We must remember that we are responsible for the state.

I. A. Ilyin pygraph:

I Language situation.

Teacher's lecture.

A group of students introduces the results of the questionnaires to the audience.

Teacher.

As we can see, the survey showed that the situation with the use of foul language is contradictory.

II Group I message.

Speaker 1.

Speaker 2.

Literary and colloquial vocabulary form normative vocabulary, the use of which corresponds to the norms of literary and colloquial speech.

Speaker 3.

Among profanity, linguistic consciousness distinguishes two categories - rude And obscene.

Speaker 4.

Profanity includes vulgar and profanity (expletive and obscene language) and is a broader concept than profanity.

Teacher.

I IIMessageIIgroups.