Exercises for the development of adult speech. Little speaker

Many businessmen are interested in the question of how to develop conversational speech, because this skill is important for negotiations and effective cooperation with clients and partners. It also plays an important role in self-development.

In this article you can familiarize yourself with the program for the development of spoken language, which includes six tasks. It takes three days to complete each of these tasks. Before starting a new task, you need to repeat what you have already learned. At first the training will last 15-20 minutes, and at the end of the program it will last about an hour. Then you can, if you wish, perform the tasks again individually or the entire complex. Having completed 2-3 repetitions of the program, a student with a certain talent will be able to be proud of fairly developed skills in the field of speaking.

1. Expanding vocabulary

For the exercise you will need text and dictionaries. The task is to replace occurring words with synonyms. For example, select all adjectives and select epithets that match the text. One word can be replaced with an idiomatic phrase or catchphrase. The same can be done with other parts of speech. At first you will need a dictionary, but then you will be able to do without it. This activity expands passive vocabulary and helps improve knowledge of both native and foreign languages.

2. A short story using keywords

For this task you need to take five unrelated words. Any book is suitable for this - just open it on a randomly selected page and point your finger at any word. This can be any part of speech that carries a semantic load. Having selected five key points in this way, compose a short text and speak it. Each story should take no more than three minutes of presentation. One exercise should include no more than 3-4 texts. This task develops imagination, logic and intelligence.

3. Talk to the mirror

The exercise consists of pronouncing individual words with different intonations - words can also be taken from a book. Tell your essay from the previous task first without the participation of facial expressions, and then include it. See which facial expressions are most suitable for this text.

Watch your facial expressions. Do you like it? Will others like it? This task helps you develop the habit of consciously managing your facial expressions.

4. Keyword story #2

This task is no different from exercise 2, but now the composition will require not 5, but 10 words.

5. Listen to yourself

Take a voice recorder or use the one built into your mobile phone. Speak texts and addresses by writing them down. This task will help you hear from the outside the weak and strong sides of your speech in order to correct shortcomings and learn to use the highlights of your speech.

While listening to the recording, evaluate yourself according to two criteria:

• do you like your speech;
• whether other people will like it (in your opinion).

Literary texts and poems are used to work with the recorder. First, read them from the page, and to re-write them, do a retelling (if prose) and learn them by heart (if a poem). Pay special attention to the placement of accents; if you are not sure, check in the reference book. Write down words with accents that are difficult for you to remember in your notebook.

6. Exercise with an interlocutor

To develop dialogical speech, you will need an interlocutor. It is best if this person, like you, uses these exercises to develop speaking skills. In this case, you will need to practice the dialogue, starting from the task of constructing a text using keywords. In this case, there can be a different number of them - one, three, five, seven.

If you don't have such an ally, choose one of your friends who will agree to help you practice. Prepare in advance the topic of the conversation, its plan and a convenient time for dialogue. The primary task of this stage is to learn how to interest your counterpart in the topic of conversation, arouse his curiosity and hold his attention for at least five minutes. The task can be considered completed if the interlocutors successfully conducted several short dialogues on the assigned topics.

This program is aimed at the rapid and effective development of spoken language in adults who need the skills of a good interlocutor in work or social activities. By doing all the exercises, you will see an improvement in your speaking abilities over and over again. .

If you find an error, please highlight a piece of text and click Ctrl+Enter.

Many consider competent speech to be a talent that is given to a select few and is necessary only in some areas of activity. In fact, everyone should think about how to develop speech. After all, good diction makes you listen to the person speaking and trust his opinion more. In addition, such a skill often contributes to career growth, especially if performing job duties requires frequent communication with people.

Basic techniques and exercises for speech development

Below we present the most effective exercises to improve your diction. Clear speech and a well-trained voice are the result of long and hard work on oneself. Therefore, it is necessary to perform these exercises regularly, and not occasionally, because this is the only way you will make progress in the development of your speech.

Warm-up for the articulatory apparatus

Before performing any exercises aimed at developing diction, short warm-ups will help you to prepare yourself for clarity of pronunciation. One of her options is to tightly clench a pencil with your teeth and say a phrase approximately 10-15 words long. Then take out the pencil and say the same phrase again. In order not to think about choosing a text every time, you can use any poem when performing this exercise.

Exercises aimed at improving their mobility and accuracy will also help you begin to speak better and strengthen the muscles of the organs involved in the speech process. After all, these are the characteristics that are required for the development of diction and high-quality pronunciation of sounds.

As you know, the most mobile organ of articulation is the tongue. Therefore, most of gymnastics is connected with it. There are many exercises, the regular implementation of which will eliminate the need to think about the question of how to develop speech. For example, you can stick out your tongue and try to reach it first to the chin, and then to the nose. Or, as if using a brush, use smooth movements to draw lines from the teeth to the larynx.

Pronouncing phrases with artificially complicated articulation

Tongue twisters for developing diction are considered a classic training option. With their help, you can practice clearly pronouncing different consonants in a calm environment. To achieve excellent results, it is enough to devote at least 5-10 minutes to exercise every day. However, to develop good diction there is one important rule: each phrase must be pronounced at a slow, medium and very fast pace.

You can start training with the simplest sentences, which teach you to clearly pronounce one or two sounds. For example, these could be:

There are also more complex phrases that help you understand how to learn to speak words clearly and quickly, in which the pronunciation of two or more sounds in difficult combinations is practiced:

• The talker said to the talkers: “I said, don’t tell the talker that the talker has started talking,” the talker has a talker. The talker began to speak, and the talker’s throat began to talk slightly, and then the talker said finally: “Stop talking, talker talker.”
• The commander spoke about the colonel and about the colonel, about the lieutenant colonel and about the lieutenant colonel, about the lieutenant and about the lieutenant, about the second lieutenant and about the second lieutenant, about the ensign and about the ensign, about the ensign, but was silent about the ensign.
• There is firewood in the yard, firewood behind the yard, firewood under the yard, firewood above the yard, firewood along the yard, firewood across the width of the yard, the yard cannot accommodate firewood! We'll probably move the wood from your yard back to the wood yard.
• The cap is not sewn in the Kolpakov style, the bell is not poured in the Kolokolov style, the cap needs to be re-packed, re-capped, re-forged, re-capped.
• The snake was bitten by the snake. I can't get along with the snake. From horror it has become narrower - the snake will eat it for dinner and say: “Start over.”

Pronouncing tongue twisters

There are also special tongue twisters for developing diction and eliminating problems with the pronunciation of certain sounds. A good way to figure out what exactly needs to be corrected is to listen to your own speech from the outside. Once the problems have been identified, you can begin to work on developing your diction.

First you need to learn how to pronounce an isolated sound correctly. Then it is necessary to achieve differentiation in speech of similar sounds, for example, “s” and “sh” or “r” and “l”. A significant help in correcting your speech can be pronouncing special phrases, for example:

• Lara played the lyre.
• Forty mice walked and found forty pennies, and two poorer mice found two pennies each.
• The Ligurian traffic controller was regulating in Liguria.
• A Cossack with a saber galloped towards Sashka to play checkers.
• Sasha walked along the highway and sucked on a dryer. Beavers wander into the cheese forests. Beavers are brave, but they are kind to beavers.
• The bull is blunt-lipped, the bull is blunt-lipped, the bull has a white lip and is blunt.
• There was a white-winged ram, which killed all the rams.
• I was at Frol’s, I lied to Frol about Lavra, I’ll go to Lavra, I lie to Lavra about Frol.

You should move on to working on the next sound only after you have achieved the correct pronunciation of the first sound.

Reading aloud

In addition to speaking tongue twisters, it is also useful to read aloud to develop diction. Recording your voice on a voice recorder can be a good incentive. Few people, having heard their speech, would not want to improve it. By reading passages from books and making audio recordings, you can practice your pronunciation until it becomes almost perfect.

How to learn to speak so that it is really pleasant and interesting to listen to you? When reading aloud, avoid monotony and change your intonation. In addition, it is worth changing the volume and speed of reading, learning to highlight the most important points with pauses. But at the same time, control your speech so that such pauses are appropriate and not too long.

Also, do not lose sight of the fact that a calm and confident voice is best perceived by others. Whether he will be like this largely depends on the mood and internal state of a person, his ability to control emotions. However, by developing diction, you can learn to speak calmly and convincingly. For example, why not imagine yourself as a politician and talk about the state of the economy in the country while sitting in front of a mirror?

Vocabulary expansion

Another important aspect that needs to be taken into account is the need for constant intellectual development and vocabulary replenishment. A well-developed person can carry on a conversation in any situation and find the right words. To become just like this, you should read more, solve crossword puzzles more often and attend various trainings on.

If you devote even a few minutes every day to working on improving your diction, within a few months you will begin to speak well, and your voice itself will be transformed beyond recognition. Moreover, all the efforts made will undoubtedly be rewarded over time.

Diaphragm training

In the question of how to deliver a speech, a very important aspect is the ability to control breathing. Without it, the text may be interrupted by pauses and breaths in places where this violates its meaning or worsens its emotionality. As a result, speech will become abrupt, and the meaning of what is said is perceived worse.

Therefore, one of the first exercises to develop diction should be training to develop proper breathing:

• Place your feet shoulder-width apart, straighten your spine, place one hand on your chest and the other on your stomach. Inhaling through your nose, push your stomach forward. Then calmly exhale air through a small hole in your lips, returning your chest and stomach to their original position.
• To start speaking better over time, you can make the exercise more difficult. To do this, try to maintain proper breathing and at the same time walk, run in place, imitate chopping wood or sweeping the floor.
• You can improve the development of diction with the help of the following exercise. To begin, inhale calmly, and as you exhale, hold out any vowel for as long as possible. When you can hold a vowel for more than 25 seconds, try changing the tone of your voice.

Main causes of speech problems

It is impossible to achieve positive results in the development of diction if you do not understand the causes of speech disorders. Only rarely are they associated with health problems and develop, for example, due to an abnormal jaw structure or a short frenulum of the tongue.

For many people, speech problems are caused by incorrect pronunciation of whistling and hissing sounds, as well as the absence of the “L” or “R” sounds, or a violation of their pronunciation. A weakened articulatory apparatus may also be the cause.

Even if a person can speak well, pronouncing all sounds correctly, in particularly significant situations his speech may become slurred and unclear. After all, when pronouncing words, the articulatory apparatus needs to very quickly switch from one movement to another. This can only be achieved through active and intensive work of the muscles that need to be trained, for example, by regularly pronouncing tongue twisters for diction.

However, the main reason for slurred, quiet speech is a person’s shyness and lack of self-confidence.

Voice, diction and speech are important components for any successful public speaking. Many people have slurred speech, a low voice, and poor diction. The reasons for this are countless. Below we will look at the most basic causes of such “diseases”, as well as consider ways that will help you develop your voice, develop diction and speech on your own. If you are interested in this topic, please read this article carefully and complete all the exercises outlined in it.

I know only a few reasons for a quiet voice, poor diction and slurred speech - self-doubt, low self-esteem and complexes. There are also genetic reasons, but we will not touch on them. Why do I think that the main reasons for all this are self-doubt, shyness and complexes? Do you think confident people with high self-esteem have a quiet voice? Do they speak quietly? Do they have slurred speech? In most cases, such people do not have speech problems. Look at politicians, actors, singers. They are all confident people who constantly speak in front of the public. Therefore, their speech is developed, their voice is loud and there are no problems with diction.

Now let's take a shy person. During communication, this shy person experiences self-doubt, he believes that there is something wrong with him (complexes), he is overcome by a feeling of fear and, as a result, his voice is quiet, his speech is unintelligible, and it is simply impossible to listen to him. Therefore, if you want to develop your voice, if you want to develop diction, if you want to develop speech, you need to do a lot of work on yourself. Without effort, your voice will not become loud. Now we will move on to exercises that will help you achieve what you want. Let's start in order.

So, as we have already found out, voice development is an important task for people whose profession involves public speaking. Voice production is important not only for public people. A developed and loud voice will make your communication in everyday life easier, and you won’t be constantly asked: “Ahh?”, “What?”, “What?” and other annoying questions. By performing a series of exercises to develop your voice, you will eliminate many defects and shortcomings. So let's get started.

1) To make your voice sonorous, it is very important to breathe correctly. If you have just begun to develop your voice, then breathing exercises are the first thing you should do. Stand up, straighten your spine, place your feet shoulder-width apart, place one hand on your chest, the other on your stomach. As you inhale through your nose, push your belly forward (expanding your lower chest). Exhale air freely and naturally through your mouth, returning your stomach and chest to their original position. This is how you develop the diaphragm.

2) The second breathing exercise involves holding air. Inhale quickly through your nose and then hold your breath for three seconds. Then exhale through your mouth. Do this exercise for 5-10 minutes.

3) Inhale as much air as possible through your mouth, then slowly begin to exhale it, pronouncing the vowels (a, o, u, i, e, s). Try to make the sound of the vowel sound as loud as possible and for as long as possible. You can also, when exhaling, smoothly jump from one vowel to another -aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaayyyyyy.

4) With your mouth closed while exhaling, begin to “moo” - saying mmm. Try to hum so that your lips tickle. In addition, be sure to change the volume of the sound - from quiet to loud and vice versa. This exercise will help develop the articulatory apparatus, which will give strength to the voice.

5) Now start growling, saying rrrrr. This exercise also develops the articulatory apparatus. Change the volume of the sound, as well as intonation from subtle to rough.

How to develop diction?

Diction is the quality of pronunciation of words (distinction), the manner of pronouncing words. Diction is very important for actors, singers, politicians, and teachers.

Tongue twisters are suitable for developing diction. You can easily find them on the Internet. Here's a video for you as an example!

In order to begin to develop diction, you first need to stretch your tongue, lips, facial muscles and articulatory apparatus.

1) Let's start with the language. Stick your tongue forward as far as possible, then stick it back (just don't swallow it). Start forcing your tongue forward and then back. The duration of the exercise is 5-7 minutes.

2) Pricking the cheeks with the tongue. Start pricking your cheeks one by one with your tongue. First prick the left cheek, then the right. Take 7-12 minutes to complete. This is a great exercise for training your tongue.

3) A good tongue exercise is “Brushing your teeth.” You begin to rotate your tongue in a circle. The mouth must be closed. Make 20-30 rotations clockwise and counterclockwise.

4) Then, stick out your tongue and start twisting it in a circle. Make 10-15 circles clockwise, then counterclockwise. After this, wipe yourself off (wipe off the drool from your lips).

5) It’s almost the same with lips. The exercise is called “Tube - smile”. First, you stretch your lips forward, after 3 seconds you begin to smile as wide as possible. First the lips forward, then back. Do this exercise for at least 7 minutes.

6) Next, stretch your lips into a tube and begin to lift your heels, first up, then down. Then start doing the same thing, only left, right. Then start turning the patch in a circle, clockwise and counterclockwise.

7) The next exercise is “Bubble”. You puff up your cheeks and start spinning this bubble in a circle.

8) Start biting your upper lip with your teeth. Do it carefully, don't bite yourself. Then start biting your lower lip. After this, start wiping your upper teeth with your upper lip. Try to wipe so that the lower lip does not move. It's difficult, but possible. Do this exercise in front of a mirror to control yourself. Then start wiping your lower teeth with your lower lip, the upper lip should not move either.

9) After completing this warm-up, stand near the window and say the following phrase: “The weather is good outside, and I have beautiful, clear, intelligible speech.” Say this phrase loudly, clearly and clearly. They should hear you on the street.

10) To warm up your facial muscles, start kneading your face at random. Make faces, bulge your eyes. It doesn’t look pretty from the outside, but it’s funny and very effective.

11) In order for the pronunciation of words to be clear, it is necessary to pronounce the endings. Many people swallow endings, especially "th". Start saying the following row:

PTKA - PTKO - PTKU - PTKE - PTKI - PTKY

TPKA - TPKO - TPKU - TPKE - TPKI - TPKY

KPTA - KPTO - KPTU - KPTE - KPTI - KPTY

BI - PI - BE - PE - BA - PA - BO - PO - BU - PU - BU - PY

PI - BI - PE - BE - PA - BA - PO - BO - PU - BU - PU - WOULD

MVSTI - MVSTE - MVSTA - MVSTO - MVSTU - MVSTY

ZDRI - ZDRE - ZDRA - ZDRO - ZDRU - ZDRY

ZhDR - ZHDR - ZHDR - ZHDR - ZHDR - ZHDR

This series develops your diction. Don't forget about tongue twisters.

How to develop speech?

To develop speech you will need discipline, conscious control and consistency. Good speech is becoming less and less common these days. You can listen to one person for hours, but you want to run away from another. Your professional and personal life depends on the quality of your speech. Half of success depends on the ability to communicate, and to be able to communicate, you need not only erudition, but also developed speech.

1) To develop speech, the first thing I advise you to do is read newspapers, magazines, and books. And you need to read it out loud. While reading, try to force your intonations and avoid monotony. Also, change the reading speed and volume. Pronounce all endings and follow punctuation marks. Reading aloud is the main exercise for speech development.

3) Thirdly, as when reading aloud, watch the pace of speech. Enrich it with intonations. Use pauses to highlight important points in the conversation. The pause should be appropriate and not prolonged.

4) Fourth, expand your vocabulary. This can be done by watching films, trainings, and reading books. If you heard the president or another politician speak on TV, why don’t you try to say the same thing at home. Imagine that you are speaking in front of the public as the president. Tell your imaginary people about the political and economic situation in our country. This is a very exciting activity for developing speech and replenishing vocabulary.

I train my voice, diction and speech using the above method. In three months, your speech will be transformed beyond recognition. Therefore, do not be surprised if your friends begin to tell you that something has changed in you. And the voice, diction and speech have changed. Practice every day and your efforts will be rewarded.

Many people think that competent speech is necessary only in certain areas of activity. But this opinion is wrong. Good diction forces your opponent to listen carefully to your words and trust your opinion. The ability to speak beautifully often contributes to career advancement, so today we will look at exercises for speech development.

Speech development in adults involves the use of several techniques. A beautiful, well-trained voice and the ability to pronounce words quickly and clearly are the result of long and painstaking work.

Gymnastics for the articulatory apparatus

Exercises for speech development include a complex for training the articulatory apparatus.

Gymnastics for the cheeks

1. Alternate between sucking in and puffing out your cheeks.
2. Take a deep breath. Start “driving” it from side to side, then inflate the area under the lower lip, then under the upper.
3. Pull your cheeks in. Now open/close your lips.

Development of the lower jaw

1. Make a fist with your hand. Place it under your lower jaw. Open your mouth, resisting yourself.
2. Move your lower jaw in different directions.

Exercises to train the soft palate

1. Imitate a yawn by opening your mouth wide.
2. Recreate the motion as if you were gargling.
3. Make your tongue look like a spatula. Now lift it to the soft palate, then touch the tip to the lower alveoli (the base of the teeth).

Lip training

1. Bring your teeth together and, without unclenching, open your mouth into a smile. Then stop smiling, but stretch your lips forward.
2. Purse your lips. Perform voluntary movements with them.
3. “Pull” your lips over the surface of your teeth. Lock the position. Stretch your mouth in a smile without opening your teeth.
4. Alternately bare your upper row of teeth first, then your lower row.
5. Snort.

Complex for the tongue

1. Make circular movements with your tongue in your mouth, lingering in the cheek area.
2. Lightly bite your tongue with your teeth.
3. Stick your tongue out of your mouth a little and slowly slap the surface of your lips.
4. Pull your tense tongue forward.
5. Try to reach your nose with the tip of your tongue.
6. Without sticking your tongue out of your mouth, lay it on your left/right side.

You can study the exercises in more detail in our article “”. Upon completion of the warm-up and preparation of all parts of the articulatory apparatus, it is allowed to begin performing the main complex.

Exercises to improve articulation:

• Slowly tap your teeth with the tip of your tongue, pronouncing the syllable “YES.” Then replace it with the combination of letters “T-D”.
• Inhale briefly through your nose, exhale with your mouth slightly open. It should turn out sharp. As you exhale, pronounce the syllable “FU”. To strengthen the muscular apparatus of the larynx, replace the syllable with the combination of letters “K-G”.
• Puff out your cheeks. Using your palms, slam them together sharply, pronouncing the combination of letters “P-B”.
• Read the poem. Before each phrase, draw air into your chest. When finishing a word, close your mouth immediately. This will help prevent sounds from being swallowed.
• Write a poem on a piece of paper. Eliminate all consonants from phrases. Chant the remaining vowels. Then “return” the consonants. Pronounce them as clearly as possible, and continue to sing the vowels.
• This exercise is aimed at developing diction. Read the text aloud, focusing on the end of each word. This will help make the pronunciation of words more pronounced and clear. In our article “, you can familiarize yourself with a large number of exercises for this.
• You will need a dictionary. Open the page with the letter that is difficult to pronounce. Start reading all the words on the page in a row, pronouncing the complex sound. Repeating the exercise several times will help solve the problem (of course, only if you do not have a pronunciation pathology, otherwise you should contact a speech therapist). Be sure to record classes on a voice recorder to be able to track changes and work on existing errors.

Speech development exercises include classes on developing the acoustic qualities of the voice. Say the combination of letters “A-E-O” without sound. Please note that you should strive to open not the mouth, but the pharynx cavity.

Exercises with nuts and a pencil give excellent results - this is a time-tested technique practiced in acting schools.
Take a handful of clean, unshelled walnuts into your mouth and begin to slowly pronounce tongue twisters/pure twisters or read any texts out loud.

Nuts can be replaced with a pencil.

Phrases with complex articulation

There are many tongue twisters designed specifically for the development of diction. This exercise is a classic workout. They help a person learn to clearly pronounce various consonant sounds.

To get results, you need to practice daily. The duration of one lesson is at least 15 minutes.

Important: each phrase must be pronounced in three different modes: first slowly, then at an average pace and the last time quickly, like a tongue twister.

You need to start training your speech by choosing the simplest sentences. They are used to teach the pronunciation of one or two sounds.

• All beavers are kind to their beavers.
• The thunderstorm is threatening, the thunderstorm is threatening.
• Klim hits one damn wedge.

When simple phrases have been mastered and sounds that are problematic in pronunciation have been worked out, you can move on to more complex sound combinations. You can try to master the world in Russian.

Tongue Twisters

Speech training involves using all kinds of tongue twisters to improve diction and pronunciation of sounds. They help solve specific problems. To understand the mistakes of your speech, you need to listen to it from the outside. It is recommended to use a voice recorder for this purpose.

First, you need to master the science of correct pronunciation of the problem letter. Then you can begin exercises that allow you to distinguish sounds in speech that are similar in sound to it.

You can start working on editing the next sound only after you learn to pronounce the previous one correctly.

Reading texts aloud

Speech development exercises, in addition to practicing tongue twisters, involve reading aloud. It is also quite useful for improving diction.

Make it a habit to read passages from classical works aloud while recording your impromptu performances on a tape recorder. This approach to classes helps not only to catch speech errors, but also to hone your pronunciation to perfection.

It is necessary to read with expression - monotony is completely unacceptable. You need to learn to change the volume of your voice and the speed of the spoken text, making sure to highlight especially important moments with pauses. It is important to remember that stops must be appropriate and in no case prolonged.

Vocabulary expansion

The next thing you need to pay attention to is regularly expanding your vocabulary. An opponent who is comprehensively developed intellectually is able to maintain a conversation on any topic and find the necessary words.

Reading books and solving crossword puzzles will help you expand your vocabulary. It will be useful to attend various self-development trainings.

Exercises for the diaphragm

To become a good speaker, it is important to master the science of breath control. Without this skill, speech will be regularly interrupted by pauses and breaths. This can worsen the overall perception of the text and even completely disrupt the entire semantic load. It will turn out abrupt and will be perceived much worse.

That is why among exercises for speech development there must certainly be training aimed at developing proper breathing.

The complex includes the following exercises:

• Place your feet shoulder-width apart. Back straight. One hand lies on the chest, the other on the abdominal area. As you inhale (do it through your nose), inflate your stomach. We release air through the lips folded into a tube - we relax the stomach. This is a basic exercise that develops the skill of proper diaphragmatic breathing.
• Take a calm breath. While exhaling, hold out any vowel sound for as long as possible. When you can hold the sound for more than 25 seconds, you need to try changing the key.

After the basic exercise is completely mastered, it needs to be complicated. To do this, breathe correctly and at the same time perform additional movements: walk around the room, run in place, sweep the floor, etc.

Exercises for posture and breathing

Many people do not pay due attention to the fact that a beautiful sounding voice depends on posture and the ability to inhale and exhale air correctly.

Here are some exercises:

• Stand up straight. Spread your legs shoulder width apart. Palms lie on the belt. Open your mouth slightly and, imitating resistance, exhale air at a slow pace. After you master the exercise, you need to complicate it. While exhaling, read aloud lines from any poem.
• The back is straight, feet shoulder-width apart, palms on the waist. Bend forward slowly and inhale at the same time. The back should remain straight. As you exhale, return to the original position and stretch the combination of letters “G-M-M-M”.
• An exercise with a book will help you learn to hold your back. Place the book on your head and walk around the room. She shouldn't fall. When this skill is fully mastered, then it is necessary to add arm movements, squats, etc. to simple driving.

Main causes of speech disorders

It will not be possible to improve speech and diction if you do not understand the true causes of existing violations. Sometimes these are health difficulties, in particular, an abnormal structure of the lower jaw or a shortened frenulum of the tongue.

A weak articulatory apparatus also plays a role. Even when a person does not have difficulties pronouncing sounds - they are fully present and sound correctly - then during a speech he may get confused, causing the spoken text to become unclear. In this case, articulation gymnastics aimed at strengthening the lower jaw, tongue, and soft palate will help solve the existing problem.

The reasons for the slurring of words in most people is a violation of the pronunciation of hissing/whistling sounds, the complete absence of the letters “L” and “R”, or difficulties in voicing them. Therefore, if you see something that is permanent, contact a speech therapist for advice.

Special games and exercises for speech development can help solve many problems. Short daily exercises will help a person improve his diction, change his voice for the better and develop his speech in general.

Beautiful, literate speech is an indicator of education, a guarantee that you will be understood correctly. Therefore, the phrase “who owns the word, owns the world” is still relevant in our time. After all, literacy and figurative speech are a characteristic feature of world leaders, diplomats and other personalities. Therefore, if you can correctly and clearly convey thoughts and ideas to others, then professional career growth is guaranteed to you.

Competent, beautiful speech helps us establish full communication with our interlocutor. And incorrect delivery of speech with a large number of stylistic errors will negate all efforts, for example, when communicating with a boss or in a conflict situation in the family.

In addition, literacy is incompatible with swear words; even a good-looking person uses open swear words in his speech, but he still will not become a cultural intellectual. Therefore, good speech and verbal abuse and swearing are incompatible.

Moreover, literacy is not only the ability to accurately and clearly express thoughts, but also to speak to the point so that everyone can understand everything.

Trying to make your conversation literate, pay attention not only to your vocabulary, but also to culture. To do this, speak taking into account the rules and norms of punctuation, as well as the style of the Russian language.

Literacy is compliance with the rules of stress placement, the ability to raise or lower the tone at the right moment, maintain intonation, and the ability to withstand pauses.

Criteria that determine speech literacy

Speech culture:

• relevance;
• literacy of voiced information;
• accessibility of expression;
• use of epithets, metaphors and phraseological units;
• variety of speech without tautology;
• aesthetics.

The paucity of vocabulary and illiteracy repels the interlocutor and irritates. Even if you allow yourself to be tongue-tied at home, it is unlikely that you will conduct a business conversation correctly and will be able to express yourself competently when talking with your boss. And over time, when you have children, they will pick up illiterate words from you.

How to improve your speech

During the conversation, maintain a friendly tone and change your intonation depending on the situation. To make your tone and intonation richer, learn to read with expression.

How to develop speech correctly

Those who require literacy for professional growth will not be able to cope without specialized literature. In this case, use the works of Radislav Gandapas and the manual by I. Golub and D. Rosenthal “Secrets of Stylistics”.

Help from professionals

If you need a teacher, then a highly qualified teacher will give you a competent speech. But where can you find it? Contact your school teacher or a philologist you know, and if the opportunity allows you to take lessons from a teacher specializing in rhetoric, then you should take advantage of it.

Making your speech literate is no more difficult than losing weight, but to achieve this you just need to want it.