MPA-78 Light jacket provides excellent protection from wind, thanks to the stitched lining, removable hood and windproof strip. On the right and left shelves there are patch pockets fastened with textile fasteners. There are also front side welt pockets with a zipper. The sleeves are adjustable in width using tape and plastic patches (Velcro). Along the shoulder line there are false shoulder straps fastened with buttons. On the left side of the jacket lining there is a horizontal zippered pocket. The demi-season jacket of the Ministry of Defense provides excellent protection from wind thanks to the stitched lining, removable hood and windproof flap. On the right and left shelves there are patch pockets fastened with textile fasteners. Appearance. Jacket of a straight silhouette with an insulated stitched lining, with a central side zipper, with an external wind flap, and a drawstring at the waist. The front has a stitched yoke extending to the back, with upper welt pockets with flaps fastened with textile fasteners, side welt pockets fastened with a zipper. Set-in two-seam sleeves with stitched cuffs on an elastic band and plastic patches (Velcro) at the bottom to adjust the width. Along the shoulder line there are shoulder straps with false shoulder straps, fastened with buttons. Stand collar. The hood is fastened with a zipper, consisting of three parts. The hood along the front neckline is adjustable with an elastic cord and clamps. On the left side of the jacket lining there is a horizontal zippered pocket. Characteristics protection from cold protection from rain and wind regular cut Materials rip-stop membrane

Officer's cap of the Military Space Forces of the Russian Federation with a blue top, blue band and blue edging. The cap is equipped with a cockade, an emblem on the crown and a metallized filigree cord. The height of the crown is 7 cm. The cap is produced within 3-5 working days.

The jacket is intended as a winter casual uniform, equipped with seven pockets for various purposes and a wide fur collar to protect the face from the wind. The jacket is not Air Force protective equipment. Weight -1900g. The jacket is sold without chevrons and without Velcro (contact tape). Color: blue. Material: mixed fabric.

The suit is intended for pilots and technicians of civil and small aviation; it is not protective uniform for the Air Force. The suit comes with a jacket mod. 1162 and trousers mod. 1163. Costumes on sale without chevrons. Color: blue. Material: twill.

The men's overalls are intended for pilots and technicians of civil and small aviation. The jumpsuit fits the figure well. The wear life of the product is increased thanks to high-quality domestic materials, design solutions and many years of experience of specialists. The product is developed in accordance with GOST 12.4.100-80. Overalls with a central fastener with a two-way zipper; internal wind flap; shoulder pads; Ventilation holes are located in the armpit area; inside the ventilation holes are closed with a mesh in the color of the fabric. The width of the overalls along the waist line is adjusted using an elastic band (elastic band) on a contact tape (Velcro). There are zipper slits in the side seams; The bottom of the overalls has zippers for wearing over shoes. Pockets for various purposes: patch pockets with an inclined entrance with a zipper on the shelves, on the left sleeve - a patch pocket with a zipper with a flap fastened with contact tape (Velcro); it has a pocket for pens with three compartments, lower patch pockets with a zipper, and on the right rear half of the overalls there is a pocket for tools, fastened with a button; which is adjusted to the reinforcement part. To secure the tools, a cord is provided, which is attached to the pocket through a grommet and a holder with a half ring. On the right shelf there is a mating part of the contact tape (soft) for placing a flight chevron, on the left shelf there is a mating part of the contact tape (soft) for placing a standard name chevron, a belt loop for a badge. Back with vertical folds for freedom of movement. The sleeves are set-in, single-seam, the bottom is adjusted using a tab on a contact tape (Velcro). Above the pocket on the left sleeve, a counter part of the contact tape (soft) is adjusted to accommodate the chevron.

Casual suit for military personnel of the Russian Defense Ministry. Men's jacket: fastened at the waist with a zipper, with long sleeves, without lining. Turn-down collar with a stand-up collar and fastening of the corners with buttons. The pockets are fastened with contact tape. Below there are welt pockets “frame”, fastened with a zipper. The internal pocket for documents is fastened with a button. Trousers with a stitched belt fastened with a button. Color: Blue, green, black. Size: 88-132 Size: 84-100 Height: 158-200 Fabric: Rip-stop Fittings: Reinforced Color: blue, green, black. Material: rip-stop.

The staff suit consists of trousers and a jacket with long sleeves made of wool blend fabric.

Men's suit "Aviatekhnik" mod. 1168/1169 (mixed fabric) The suit is intended as an everyday uniform for civil and small aviation, and is not protective uniform for the Air Force. Mesh ventilation elements are located under the sleeves and in the folds of the back of the jacket. The model is equipped with ten pockets for various purposes. Weight -1100 gr. Costumes are sold without chevrons.

The MPA-35 suit is designed for comfortable work of Ministry of Defense employees in hot weather. Consists of trousers and a jacket with long sleeves. The sleeves have reinforced pads in the elbow area. The bottom of the jacket is adjustable in volume. CHARACTERISTICS For hot weather Regular cut For work in the headquarters MATERIALS Gabardine (100% polye)

The suit is intended for civil and small aviation. The suit fits the figure well. The wear life of the product is increased thanks to high-quality domestic materials, design solutions and many years of experience of specialists. The use of duplicating materials ensures that the shape is retained during use, protects the cuts from stretching and makes the collars resistant to creasing. The product is designed in accordance with government standards. 1171 Jacket Short men's jacket, unlined, with a central zipper, with an internal windproof flap. The width of the jacket at the bottom is adjustable using an elastic band (elastic band) in the side inserts on the belt; it also additionally protects against wind penetration into the underwear space due to its tight fit. At the bottom of the armhole there are ventilation holes made of mesh in the color of the fabric. Pockets for various purposes: patch pockets with an inclined entrance with a zipper, on the wrong side of the left shelf there is an internal pocket for documents, on the left sleeve there is a patch pocket with a zipper with a flap fastened with a contact tape; A pocket for pens with three compartments is customized on it. On the right shelf there is a mating part of the contact tape (soft) for placing a flight chevron, on the left shelf there is a mating part of the contact tape (soft) for placing a standard name chevron, a belt loop for a badge. The back has a yoke and vertical folds for freedom of movement. The width of the sleeves is adjusted due to the elastic band inserted into the cuffs. On the left sleeve there is a contact tape for wearing insignia. 1172 Trousers The width of the trousers at the waist is adjustable by side inserts with elastic band and belt loops. Pockets for various purposes: on the front halves of the trousers - patch pockets with an inclined entrance with a zipper, lower patch pockets with a zipper with two entrances; on the right rear half there is a pocket for tools, fastened with a button, which is adjusted to the reinforcement part; At the bottom of the trousers, on the side seams, there are patch pockets with zippers. To secure the tools, there is a cord with loops at the beginning and end, which is secured in the pocket through a grommet. A holder with a half ring is attached above the pocket. There are zippers at the bottom of the trousers for wearing over shoes.

Uniform skirt m. 7122 Color: blue, green, black. Material: rip-stop. SIZES OF SKIRTS AND WOMEN'S TROUSERS SIZE Height Waist circumference Hip circumference 40 152.158 60.2 84 164.170 57.8 176 55.4 42 152.158 64.4 88 164.170 62 176 59.6 44 152.158 68, 6 92 164.170 66.2 176 63, 8 46 152.158 72.8 96 164.170 70.4 176 68 48 152.158 77 100 164.170 74.6 176 72.2 50 152.158 81.2 104 164.170 78.8 176 76.4 52 152.158 85.4 108 164.170 83 176 80, 6 54 152.158 89.6 112 164.170 87.2 176 84.8 56 152.158 93.8 116 164.170 91.4 176 89 58 152.158 98 120 164.170 95.6 176 93, 2 60 152.158 102.2 124 164.170 99.8 176 97.4 62 152.158 106.4 128 164.170 104 176 101.6

Short leather jacket “PILOT” Demi-season jacket made of genuine leather. The bottom of the sleeves and the waistband of the jacket are treated with knitted, non-flammable fabric. The jacket has a combined lining made of natural materials with light insulation. Internal pockets are fastened with a zipper. On the left side there is a pocket for the radio battery. Brown color. Material: genuine leather.

The cap is blue with 2 blue piping.

The Air Force office uniform, a suit with short sleeves for summer wear, is structurally no different from the combined arms uniform. This office uniform includes a zip-up jacket with Velcro flaps on the chest pockets and trousers. The material of this military office uniform is blue RipStop fabric, which has a composition of 70/30 and a density of 220 g. The jacket and trousers are equipped with pockets and rubber seals. All these elements allow you to quickly take off and put on the office uniform of military personnel, making it durable and convenient during use. On our website you can buy high-quality office uniforms at the best price and receive qualified advice. Color blue Main features: Air Force office uniform Velcro on the jacket rip-stop fabric CHARACTERISTICS SUIT CHARACTERISTICS Material: rip-stop Composition: 70/30 Density: 220 gr. Jacket/pants pockets: yes/yes Seasonality: summer option Additionally: Air Force official office uniform Additionally, you can purchase:

The Air Force office uniform is intended for everyday wear, therefore it is made of reliable, strong and lightweight blue rip-stop fabric. Fabric composition 70/30 (70% synthetic fabrics and 30% natural), density - no more than 220 g per sq. m. The fabric of this office uniform allows air to pass through well and allows the body to breathe, this allows military personnel to wear an office uniform for a long time without harm to health. The side pockets on the jacket are fastened with a zipper, the trousers and jacket are equipped with a sealing elastic band. Velcro on the sleeves and chest pockets allows you to quickly put on chevrons with insignia. color blue Main features: Air Force office suit Velcro on the jacket rip-stop fabric CHARACTERISTICS SUIT CHARACTERISTICS Material: rip-stop Composition: 70/30 Density: 220 gr. Jacket/pants pockets: yes/yes Seasonality: winter option Additionally: Air Force statutory office uniform Additionally, you can purchase:

Flight suit "Avia" mod. 1162/1163 (rip-stop) The suit is intended for pilots and technicians of civil and small aviation; it is not protective uniform for the Air Force. The suit comes with a jacket mod. 1162 and trousers mod. 1163. Weight -1500 g. Color: blue. Material: rip-stop blend.

Editor's response

On October 4, Russia celebrates Space Forces Day. The holiday is timed to coincide with the launch day of the first artificial Earth satellite PS-1 (Simple Satellite-1). It was launched into orbit on October 4, 1957 by an R-7 launch vehicle from the 5th research site of the USSR Ministry of Defense, which later became known as the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The spacecraft was a ball with a diameter of 58 centimeters, weighed 83.6 kilograms, and was equipped with four whip antennas 2.4 and 2.9 meters long. The successful launch of the world's first satellite became a revelation in the annals of astronautics, including military ones.

Emblem of the Aerospace Defense Forces. Photo: ommons.wikimedia.org

AiF.ru talks about what the space forces do, their composition and the history of their origin.

Tasks

Space Forces are a branch of the military within the Aerospace Forces of the Russian Federation. Their main tasks are:

a warning to the country's top military-political leadership about a missile attack;
missile defense of the city of Moscow;
control of outer space;
creation, deployment, maintenance of the domestic orbital constellation and control of spacecraft for military, dual, socio-economic and scientific purposes.

Composition of the space forces:

Space Forces Command;
Main missile attack warning center;
Main center for space reconnaissance;
Directorate for the Introduction of New Systems and Complexes of the Space Forces;
Missile defense formations;
Main Test Center named after German Titov;
State test cosmodrome Plesetsk.

The number of personnel of the Aerospace Defense Forces of the Russian Federation is 165,000 people.

Orbital constellation

As of September 2015, the Russian orbital satellite constellation is the second in the world and consists of 149 devices. Together with orbital constellations of the CIS countries - 167 devices.

For comparison, the largest orbital constellation is owned by the United States, which owns 446 artificial satellites. In third place is China with 120+ satellites. India maintains 40+ operational Earth imaging satellites in polar orbits.

Pilots during an exercise to test the combat readiness of the Aerospace Defense Forces, the 1st Air Force and Air Defense Command of the Western Military District at the Baltimore airfield in Voronezh. Photo: RIA Novosti / Alexander Utkin

Names

Central Directorate of Space Facilities (TSUKOS) of the Strategic Missile Forces (Strategic Missile Forces) (1964-1970),
Main Directorate of Space Facilities (GUKOS) of the Strategic Missile Forces (Strategic Missile Forces) (1970-1981),
Main Directorate of Space Facilities (GUKOS) of the General Staff of the Armed Forces (1981-1986),
Office of the Chief of Space Facilities (UNKS) of the USSR Ministry of Defense (1986-1992),
Military Space Forces (VKS) (1992-1997),
as part of the Strategic Missile Forces (RVSN) (1997-2001),
Space Forces (SF) (2001-2011),
Aerospace Defense Forces (VVKO) (from December 1, 2011 - August 1, 2015),
Space Forces (HF) of the Aerospace Forces (since August 1, 2015).

Major General, Commander of the Aerospace Defense Forces (VKO) Alexander Golovko. Photo: RIA Novosti / Mikhail Klimentyev

Commanders

1964-1965 — K.A.-A. Kerimov
1965-1979 — A. G. Karas
1979-1989 — A. A. Maksimov
1989-1996 — V. L. Ivanov
2001-2004 — A. N. Perminov
2004-2008 — V. A. Popovkin
2008-2011 — O. N. Ostapenko
2012 — V. M. Ivanov- acting temporarily
from December 2012 — A. V. Golovko

Educational establishments

The training of officers for the space forces is carried out by:

Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky,
Military Academy of Aerospace Defense named after Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov.

Story

The first space units were formed in 1955 as part of the artillery of the Reserve of the Supreme High Command (RVGK), when by decree of the USSR Government it was decided to build a research site.

In 1964, to centralize work on the creation of new assets, as well as to quickly resolve issues of using space assets, the Central Directorate of Space Assets (TSUKOS) of the Strategic Missile Forces (Strategic Missile Forces) was created. In 1970, it was reorganized into the Main Directorate of Space Facilities (GUKOS) of the Strategic Missile Forces.

In 1986, GUKOS was transformed into the Office of the Chief of Space Facilities of the USSR Ministry of Defense.

Military personnel of the Aerospace Defense Forces greet Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu during the parade dedicated to the 68th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War on Red Square. Photo: RIA Novosti / Vladimir Ostapkovich

In 1992, the Office of the Chief of Space Facilities was transformed into a branch of centrally subordinate forces - the Military Space Forces (VKS).

In 1997, the Military Space Forces, in order to increase the efficiency of command and control and save the defense budget, were included in the Strategic Missile Forces.

In connection with the increasing role of space assets in the system of military and national security of Russia, a presidential decree in 2001 created an independent branch of the force - the Space Forces - on the basis of formations, formations and launch and missile launch units allocated from the Strategic Missile Forces. At the same time, it was taken into account that space forces and means, forces and means of the RKO have a single sphere of problem solving - space, as well as close cooperation of industrial enterprises, ensuring the creation and development of weapons.

Shield sword of Russia

The Aerospace Forces will ensure the protection of Russia from a surprise attack by the enemy and create conditions for inflicting unacceptable damage on him in a retaliatory strike.

A new type of troops - the Aerospace Forces (VKS) - was created in a timely manner and fully corresponds to the current military-political situation in the world.

Events in Ukraine and Syria have shown that the United States and its allies have chosen the Russian Federation as a priority target, which represents the organizing core of resistance to Western plans and a powerful resource base. The Aerospace Forces troops were created taking into account different views and accumulated experience (including foreign) in the construction and use of forces operating in the aerospace sphere.

First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Aerospace Forces, Lieutenant General Pavel Kurachenko believes that “Russia today is the only global force that is capable and ready to counteract... the military and political plans” of the West. He stated this at the scientific and technical conference “Aerospace as a sphere of protection for planet Earth.” According to him, “information warfare measures, economic sanctions and demonstration of military superiority” are used to achieve goals.

Nevertheless, understanding the general situation, opponents continue to doubt the feasibility of creating a videoconferencing system. In their opinion, the existing structures successfully solved their problems and ensured the security of the country. From time to time, in one form or another, the question arises: what required the creation of a new type of troops?

Reasons for creating VKS

The collapse of Russia using various, including military, means is the main and long-standing goal of the West. It is clear to everyone that the use of nuclear weapons will be a disaster both for the victim of aggression and for the aggressor himself. Therefore, today and in the future, in the armed struggle against Russia, existing and promising conventional means of aerospace attack (ACAS) will be used primarily, and their acquisition of dominance in the aerospace sphere will become the main task with the outbreak of hostilities.

The United States and its NATO allies consider airborne missile systems as the main means, and air and space as the main “field” of confrontation with the Russian Federation. This is an indisputable conclusion from an analysis of trends in the development of means of armed warfare, methods of their use, as well as the results of wars and military conflicts in the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries.

Reasons for creating VKS

The first and main reason for the creation of the Aerospace Forces is the steady desire of the United States to achieve military superiority over Russia in the aerospace sphere. It is for this purpose that the concept of a lightning-fast global strike using hypersonic weapons was developed, the main provisions of which are being gradually implemented today.

A hypersonic cruise missile was successfully tested in the United States

The US Air Force successfully tested the X-51A Waverider hypersonic cruise missile, reports Space.com.

The missile, capable of reaching speeds five times the speed of sound, was tested on May 1 over the Pacific Ocean. The X-51A Waverider was launched from a B-52H Stratofortress from Edwards Air Force Base in California. The hypersonic missile was launched at an altitude of 15.2 thousand meters and rose to 18.2 thousand meters. The rocket's flight time was 370 seconds. During them, the X-51A Waverider reached a speed of Mach 5.1 (6.1 thousand kilometers per hour) and covered a distance of 426 kilometers. After this, the hypersonic missile destroyed itself.

The main bet is “on gaining supremacy in the air and space, conducting massive aerospace operations at the very beginning of the war, striking strategic and vital targets throughout the depths of the country,” he believes Deputy Defense Ministry Arkady Bakhin.

At the same time, “the degree of threats to Russia in the aerospace sector will steadily increase.”

His opinion is also supported by Viktor Baranets, a military columnist for the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper. He believes that “America continues to militarize space and is increasing its efforts here,” despite the fact that today “some people bear responsibility for airspace, and others for outer space.”

Another important reason for the creation of the Aerospace Forces is the steady implementation of US plans to deploy American missile defense elements in Europe directly near the borders of Russia. The President of the Academy of Geopolitical Sciences, Konstantin Sivkov, believes that today a European region is actually being created as part of the US global missile defense system.

Diagram of the missile defense system in Europe

The third reason, closely intertwined with the above, is the buildup of NATO forces in Europe and the growth of a direct military threat to Russia. This is the transfer of American military equipment and its deployment on a rotational basis in the Baltic states, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria and other European countries, the creation of block rapid reaction forces, forcing alliance partners to increase their defense budget, etc. and so on.

Thus, the creation of the Aerospace Forces is an adequate response to the complex of military-political threats to Russia from the United States and NATO. This is realized by integrating all forces and means to effectively repel an aerospace attack by a potential enemy. Taking into account existing threats, the Aerospace Forces are called upon to solve the problems of containing and neutralizing American plans in the aerospace sphere.

Based on the experience of past years, it can be argued that the actions of national air defense systems determine the course and outcome of the armed struggle. Thus, the strong air defense of Vietnam, whose military-economic potential was noticeably inferior to the aggressor, became the main reason for the US refusal to continue the war. And, on the contrary, the weakness of the air defense systems of Iraq, Libya and Yugoslavia led to their defeat, and the latter completely disappeared as a state.

In addition, other factors contribute to the use of SVKN groups and the enemy’s aerospace attack on Russia. According to Kurachenko, this is the presence of large groups of foreign military forces near the borders of the Russian Federation and its proximity to centers of instability; the large length of the borders and the area of the country's territory; the presence of an enclave - the Kaliningrad region, remoteness and inaccessibility of Primorye, Sakhalin, Kamchatka and Chukotka; the presence of objects that are potentially dangerous to the population if they are destroyed. These and other factors determine the preference of aerospace attack over ground combat. These same factors simultaneously make it difficult to solve aerospace defense problems.

It is difficult to disagree with the fact that over time, the West’s desire to “build” Russia is only growing, and the means for this, primarily military, are being improved. In the interests of preserving the country, our actions should be aimed at strengthening the army and navy in every possible way. As Emperor Alexander III the Peacemaker (1845-1894) once said, “we have only two faithful allies, our army and navy.” The current situation fully corresponds to these prophetic words.

Structure and tasks of the VKS

Main Command of the Aerospace Forces

Air Force

Space Force

Air defense and missile defense troops

On August 1, 2015, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the Aerospace Forces began to carry out their tasks. The aerospace forces include defensive and offensive components, which, according to Kurachenko, “is both the sword and shield of Russia in the aerospace sector.”

According to the deputy commander-in-chief, the combat strength of the Aerospace Forces includes three types of troops - the Air Force, air defense and missile defense troops, as well as space forces. In addition, the Aerospace Forces includes units and units of electronic warfare, communications, radio engineering support, automated control, engineering, metrology, etc. They are united into a single type of troops by the corresponding command structures.

Video conferencing systems are designed to solve the following main tasks.

The first and main one is to ensure, in cooperation with other types and branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, effective cover for strategic nuclear forces (SNF). It is they who, in a retaliatory strike, must inflict unacceptable damage on the aggressor and force him to renounce further military action. Simultaneously with this task, the Aerospace Forces solve the problems of monitoring aerospace and timely detection of the beginning of an attack; repelling an enemy air force attack and protecting the most important facilities, political and economic regions of the country and troop groups from its attacks; defeating enemy targets and troops; ensuring the launch of spacecraft and their in-flight control.

Why shield and sword?

The effective solution of their tasks by the forces and means of the Aerospace Forces will help prevent aggression. Otherwise, as the experience of wars of the 20th and early 21st centuries has shown, without modern aerospace defense the war will be lost. But the same experience also shows that, in principle, using only passive defense, regardless of its effectiveness, the defenders should not count on a positive outcome of the war.

The victim’s lack of aggression, even in the presence of a sufficiently strong air defense, the ability to strike at the enemy clearly leads to defeat. It's a matter of time, which is confirmed by the tragic fate of the previously mentioned Iraq, Libya and Yugoslavia. That is why the Russian Aerospace Forces have strike aircraft capable of delivering powerful and high-precision strikes against enemy targets.

A convincing demonstration of this was the actions of our aviation in Syria.

Thus, the Russian Aerospace Forces are a shield to cover it from enemy attacks and a sword to deliver retaliatory strikes.

The main directions of the construction and development of aerospace forces in terms of the aerospace defense system are: the creation of promising air defense - missile defense systems and their integration into a unified control system; rearmament of troops with promising models of weapons and military equipment; improvement of reconnaissance and information systems for warning of a missile attack and control of outer space, as well as their integration into a unified reconnaissance and warning system for aerospace attacks; increasing the numerical strength and quality characteristics of the domestic orbital constellation, which has been carried out more effectively in recent years.

Regarding the currently most important problem of building up groupings of troops and forces in strategic directions, it should be noted that its solution should go along three main directions: creating groupings equipped with modern weapons and military equipment, increasing the quantitative and qualitative composition of existing groupings, ensuring strategic mobility aviation and air defense troops.

In general, the implementation of planned activities by 2021 will enable the aerospace defense system to fulfill its tasks. The capabilities of the reconnaissance and warning system will make it possible to provide timely warning of an aerospace attack in order to ensure decision-making for response actions, including the use of strategic nuclear forces. Missile defense capabilities will increase significantly. Guaranteed anti-aircraft missile cover will be provided for the most important military and government facilities, primarily the facilities of strategic nuclear forces and the highest levels of government and the Armed Forces.

In conclusion, it should be noted: the implementation of the planned plans for the construction of the aerospace defense system is impossible without the clear, high-quality and coordinated work of all military command and control bodies, research organizations and enterprises of the military-industrial complex. A significant role in this direction and in this process is also assigned to the WES on aerospace defense issues.

Work on the creation of an aerospace defense system should be carried out with a general focus, providing for the creation and development of information and fire means with mandatory interface with the means of the fire control system. I am convinced that plans to create an effective aerospace defense system will be successfully implemented, which will ensure the security of our state.

The following should be noted. Since August 1, 2015, the Aerospace Forces have participated in all events conducted under the leadership of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief and the Minister of Defense, in the Center-2015 exercises, joint live-fire exercises within the framework of the Combat Commonwealth-2015 air defense system. Currently, our air group is successfully completing its tasks in Syria.

The Russian Aerospace Forces were formed in 2015 after the merger of the Air Force (Vyenno-Vozdushnye Forces) and the Aerospace Defense Forces. They began to perform their functions on August 1, 2015. The general governing body is the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces, and the direct command staff is controlled by the High Command of the Aerospace Forces. The main headquarters of this type of troops is located in the building of the Russian Ministry of Defense in the capital.

VKS is an abbreviation that stands for Aerospace Forces. Military personnel celebrate their holiday on August 12. According to General S. Shoigu, the unification of the 2 formations was the best option for improving the defense system. On the one hand, more targeted responsibility for the education and development of the relevant troops is ensured, on the other hand, the success of the operation increases due to deep integration, and on the third, the constant and irreversible development of the Aerospace Forces as a system is realized.

Starting from September 30, 2015, the Aerospace Forces has been participating in the military conflict in Syria, and by the next year, about 84% of the flight personnel had gained relevant experience in combat, which was highly appreciated by the president of our country.

VKS tasks

Russian videoconferencing accomplishes many goals and functions:

Reflecting attacks and providing protection from aggressive enemy actions against administrative facilities, political centers, military groups, industrial and economic regions of Russia, and the most important infrastructure zones.
The use of various means against the enemy, including nuclear ones.
Carrying out combat operations with other troops.
Destroying enemy missiles, which is how the attack is carried out.
Providing management personnel with accurate information about the movement of missiles and warning of a possible attack.
Surveillance in space and detection of threats towards Russia, as well as response actions regarding them.
Launching special vehicles into space, regulating satellites.
Maintenance, readiness for activation of satellites.
Solving other problems.

Composition of the VKS

The structure of the Aerospace Forces is represented by 3 branches of the military. These include the following:

air and missile defense;
space military forces.

The first category includes missile, anti-aircraft and radio technical forces, aviation, administrative authorities, medical and other institutions, as well as special purposes (which include communications, automated control systems, reconnaissance, engineering, search and rescue, logistics, aeronautical and other troops ).

The structure of the Air Force is long-range, operational-tactical, military transport and army aviation. The reform that began in 2008 ended with the creation of 4 instead of 6 armies, which subsequently became part of the updated military districts.

The second category of troops was a separate branch of the Russian Armed Forces until 1998, then merged with the Air Force, and later reorganized as 11 aerospace defense brigades. After the unification in 2015, new troops were organized, which are abbreviated as PVO-PRO VKS.

Using appropriate means, they must protect and repel enemy strikes, as well as defeat ballistic missiles attempting to attack objects of national importance.

The main tasks solved by these troops are monitoring space objects in order to detect various types of threats, launching special vehicles into space, and maintaining satellites in a state of readiness for use.

How to get a job in VKS

Many young people dream of joining this branch of the military, but for this they need to meet different parameters. Today, conscription and contract service is carried out in the Aerospace Forces in the same way as in other branches of the RF Armed Forces. Service here is subject to the highest level of responsibility. The slightest mistake during an operation can threaten the safety of many people, and also leads to malfunctions and loss of expensive equipment.

Some airfields store nuclear weapons, while management strives to minimize the number of newcomers in such a responsible area.

Depending on the rank and service experience, the salary of a contract soldier here is about 40 thousand rubles. In addition to material support, employees are provided with a whole package of various social benefits. These include travel without payment, provision of housing, food, and more.

A conscript can do military service or get a contract. In the first case, during the survey you should indicate your desire to serve in this branch of the RF Armed Forces, then the conscript will have the appropriate chances if he is fit for health reasons (and not only his physical condition is taken into account, but also his mental one). However, in this case, the soldier can only count on economic, security and other similar functions, but not on controlling, for example, an airplane. However, a conscript will still not have a full guarantee of getting into the Aerospace Forces for military service.

To become a pilot, you must enroll and graduate from the appropriate university. In this case, an application is submitted to the military commissariat, to which the following documents should be attached:

short biography;
characteristics;
certificate;
6 photos size 4.5*6;
certificates from dispensaries;
a certificate from a medical institution confirming the absence of chronic diseases.

Many believe that a recruit will have a better chance of getting into the desired branch of the military if he undergoes training at DOSAAF. This organization has been training young people since Soviet times. Currently, this activity is also ongoing. Every year, this organization trains over 100 thousand future conscripts. As a result, they receive a military specialty and are more likely to end up in the branch of the military for which they are better prepared.

You can also try submitting an application to the military registration and enlistment office. To do this, you need to come there, take an application form, and write it outlining your request. If there is a desire, then you need to make efforts to achieve it, then perhaps the recruit will get exactly where he wants.

Today, a young man who served in the army is an example to follow. Whatever type of army he ends up in, life in the army will instill in him responsibility, as well as a number of high moral principles. At the same time, he gains good experience, becomes a real man, and is more likely to choose the right direction in life.

Pavel KURACHENKO,

Member of the Presidium of the Non-Departmental Expert Council on Aerospace Issues, Lieutenant General, Chief of the General Staff, First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Aerospace Forces.

Based on materials from the report “Aerospace Forces - Russia’s New Shield”

Russia and the world

The results of an analysis of the military-political situation in the world show that Western states, led by the United States, are returning in their political ambitions to the times of the Cold War. Russia was chosen as the primary target because it represents, on the one hand, a potential organizational core of resistance to Western plans, and on the other, a resource base for any non-Western coalition.

Russia is the only global force capable and ready to counteract militarily and ideologically. To weaken it, fence it off, and deprive it of geostrategic maneuver, information warfare measures, economic sanctions, and demonstrations of military superiority are used. The most dangerous period for Russia will come at the turn of 2020-2025, when the technological rearmament of developed countries and China begins, and the United States and other Western countries emerge from the depression of 2008-2018 and make a new technological leap.

The pattern that “the course and outcome of military operations is largely determined by successful actions in air and outer space” determines the real state of affairs in this area. This is convincingly evidenced by the experience of military conflicts in the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries.

The role of air defense systems in armed struggle

The active actions or inaction of the national air defense (air defense) systems of the state and strike forces determined the course and outcome of the armed struggle. This was the case in Vietnam, where the active and effective actions of the national air defense forces forced the aggressor to abandon the war. On the contrary, the inaction or weakness of national air defense systems led to the collapse of a number of states. This happened in Iraq, Libya, Yugoslavia.

The problem of ensuring the security of the Russian Federation in the aerospace sector is becoming more relevant than ever. In the interests of solving this problem, from August 1, 2015, in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, a new branch of the Armed Forces - the Aerospace Forces (VKS) - began to carry out the assigned tasks. He is both the sword and shield of Russia in the aerospace sphere.

The combat composition of the Aerospace Forces includes: the Main Command of the Aerospace Forces, the Long-Range Aviation Command, the Military Transport Aviation Command, four air force and air defense associations of military districts, the air defense-missile defense association and the aerospace forces association, as well as the state test spaceport.

The Russian Aerospace Forces has three types of troops: the Air Force, the Air and Missile Defense Forces, and the Space Forces. In addition, the Aerospace Forces includes special troops: military units and electronic warfare units; communications, radio engineering and automated control systems; engineering and meteorological.

The decision to create the Aerospace Forces was preceded by a lengthy discussion in the open press, the participants of which were many of the members of the Eastern Economic Forum. The considerations expressed during it, as well as the positions set forth in various documents, were carefully studied by members of the group of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, which was entrusted with developing proposals for the creation of a new branch of the Armed Forces. The final conclusions are formed on the basis of a creative synthesis of different views and accumulated experience in the construction and use of forces operating in the aerospace sphere. At the same time, the experience of both our own and advanced powers was taken into account.

Aviation, missile and space means of armed warfare now form the basis not only of the air forces of the leading states of the world. They are also an integral component of modern navies and ground forces. This has led to the fact that coverage of the air (and in recent decades, aerospace) sphere has become an indispensable attribute of modern combined arms combat. The struggle for air supremacy has firmly become one of the highest priority tasks of armed confrontation.

The main tasks of the Aerospace Forces are:

Maintaining the potential of troops (forces) at a level that ensures, in interaction with other types and branches of the Armed Forces, a guaranteed solution to the tasks of strategic deterrence;

Conducting reconnaissance of the aerospace situation and detecting the beginning of an attack;

Reflecting aggression in the aerospace sphere and protecting industrial and economic regions, important facilities of the country and troop groups from attacks from space and air;

Defeat enemy targets and troops;

Providing launches of spacecraft and controlling them in orbital flight.

Strategic deterrence

Considering the participation of the Russian aerospace defense system in strategic deterrence, it should be noted that the primary and relatively low-cost response to the escalation of the threat of a “disarmament” strike, due to the development of the US strategic potential, may be to increase the role of the retaliatory strike of the Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces (SNF). The task of aerospace defense in these conditions is to improve warning capabilities within the framework of the created system of reconnaissance and warning of aerospace attacks (SRPVKN).

Its solution is possible due to the echeloning of the SRPVKN, the inclusion in its composition of space-based, air-based, ground-based and sea-based elements operating on various physical principles. This construction of the SRPVKN will ensure compliance with the requirements for the time of issuance and reliability of warning information. The composition of reconnaissance assets by echelon should be determined taking into account the nature of possible actions of the enemy airborne missile systems, climatic and geophysical features in a specific strategic aerospace direction.

Despite the importance of increasing the effectiveness of a retaliatory strike, it is necessary to take into account that strategic stability will be most reliable if it is able to inflict unacceptable damage on the aggressor in a retaliatory strike, that is, in the most difficult circumstances for the strategic nuclear forces of the Russian Federation. This ability is ensured by the high survivability of strategic nuclear forces. The participation of aerospace defense in the implementation of such survivability comes down to fire cover of strategic nuclear forces facilities. We propose to consider the facilities of the Strategic Missile Forces (Strategic Missile Forces) as a priority. The primary nature of their cover is due to the fact that these troops contain the main potential of strategic nuclear forces and the entire potential of a retaliatory strike.

An analysis of the development of possible scenarios of military confrontation with the participation of the Russian Federation, based on taking into account factors of a military-political, military-technical and military-geographical nature, allows us to draw the following conclusions.

In wars of various scales using only conventional weapons, armed confrontation in the aerospace sphere will play a decisive role, especially in the initial period of the war.

The tasks of aerospace defense in such wars will be:

Continuous reconnaissance of aerospace space, issuance of reconnaissance information and warning information about the operational deployment of forces and means of aerospace attack, the beginning of an attack, the operational formation and actions of airborne forces groups;

Covering the most important objects of the Armed Forces, strategic reserves from attacks by enemy air defense systems in places of their deployment, concentration, during advancement, deployment and in operations carried out by them, fleet forces at their bases and at sea within the radius of action of aerospace defense forces and assets, key economic and infrastructure facilities in the conflict area.

Effective solution of information and power tasks by forces and means of aerospace defense will help prevent the enemy from gaining and maintaining air superiority.

In relation to the Russian Federation, it is worth noting the factors that create favorable conditions for the use of airborne attack forces of foreign states and determine the preference for an aerospace invasion compared to a land invasion.

Such factors include:

The presence of large groups of airborne attack forces of foreign states near the borders of the Russian Federation;

The proximity of the Russian Federation to centers of instability and increased conflict, the presence of such centers within the borders of the CIS and the Russian Federation itself;

The large length of the borders, the area of the territory, which complicates the possibility of concentrating air defense forces (VKO) in threatened areas;

The presence of an enclave (Kaliningrad region), as well as remote and hard-to-reach areas (Primorye, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, Chukotka);

Availability of strategic nuclear forces facilities, nuclear power plants, chemical plants and other potentially dangerous facilities;

Lack of sufficient information background in the most important areas.

These and other factors together create favorable conditions for the use of airborne attack forces by potential adversaries, determine the preference of an aerospace invasion over a land invasion, and at the same time make it difficult to solve the problems of the country’s aerospace defense.

Under certain conditions, the goal of aggression can be achieved without a land invasion. If the ultimate goal of the aggression is to seize part of the territory of the Russian Federation and establish control over its natural resources, then the air (aerospace) phase of the armed confrontation will be aimed at creating favorable conditions for a land (sea) invasion.

Effective solution of information and power tasks by aerospace defense forces and means will help prevent the enemy from quickly gaining and maintaining unconditional air superiority.

Effective solution of information and power tasks by forces and means of aerospace defense will help prevent the enemy from quickly gaining and maintaining unconditional air superiority

Problems and solutions

The experience of wars in the 20th and early 21st centuries convincingly demonstrates that without modern aerospace defense the war will certainly be lost. However, the same experience also shows that with passive defense one cannot, in principle, count on a favorable outcome of the war for the defender, no matter how effective the defense may be.

Consideration, and even more so planning, as alternative options, of only strike or only defensive actions during an armed confrontation is permissible only in a purely theoretical sense. The advantages of combining defensive and offensive actions have long been proven by the practice of past wars, including the experience of the Great Patriotic War.

Only in the case of the integrated use by the defending side of both defensive and strike weapons to repel aggression does armed confrontation acquire the basic classical features of war. Otherwise, more often than not, something similar to a punitive operation takes place. This is exactly what the actions of the US Air Force and Navy against Libya (1986), the actions of multinational forces against Iraq (1991), and the actions of NATO countries against Yugoslavia (1999) look like. The outcome of all the above military conflicts is known. The absence of the ability of one of the parties to strike the enemy clearly ensures the victory of the other side, no matter how strong the air defense the victim of aggression possesses. The only question is time.

An effective solution to the problems of armed confrontation in the aerospace sphere is impossible without the presence of a modern control system that ensures the integrated use of strike and defensive components. To date, a system for command and control of troops (forces) of the aerospace defense region has been created and is being improved. Unfortunately, the shock component control system lags behind modern requirements. The solution to this problem will make it possible to create a comprehensive strike and defense system that solves the problem of conducting armed warfare in the aerospace sphere.

The main directions of construction and development of videoconferencing in the aerospace region are:

Creation of promising air defense-missile defense systems and their integration into a unified aerospace defense control system;

Re-equipment of troops with advanced models of air and military equipment of the East Kazakhstan region;

Improving the reconnaissance and information systems of PRN (missile attack warning) and MCP, as well as their integration into a unified reconnaissance and warning system for aerospace attacks;

Increasing the numerical strength and quality characteristics of the domestic orbital constellation.

Speaking about the currently most important problem of building up groupings of troops (forces) in strategic directions, it should be noted that its solution should go in three main directions:

Creation of completely new groups of troops (forces), equipped with modern models of military equipment;

Increasing the quantitative and qualitative composition of existing groups of troops (forces);

Ensuring strategic mobility of aviation and air defense troops.

In general, the implementation of planned activities by 2021 will allow the East Kazakhstan region of the Russian Federation to fulfill its tasks.

The capabilities of the SRPVKN will make it possible to provide timely warning of an aerospace attack in order to ensure decision-making on response actions, including the use of strategic nuclear forces.

Missile defense capabilities will increase significantly.

Guaranteed anti-aircraft missile cover will be provided for the most important military and government facilities, primarily strategic nuclear forces facilities and the highest levels of government and the Armed Forces.

The implementation of the planned plans for the construction of the aerospace defense of the Russian Federation is impossible without clear, high-quality and, most importantly, coordinated work of all military command and control bodies, research organizations and enterprises of the military-industrial complex. Wind farms also play a large role in this process on East Kazakhstan region issues.

Work on the creation of the aerospace defense of the Russian Federation should be carried out with a general focus, providing for the creation and development of information and fire assets with mandatory interfacing through a unified combat control and communications system.