Normal school. Ecole Normale Supérieure (Paris)

Accent placement: NORMAL SCHOOL

NORMAL SCHOOL - in a number of countries ped. uch. institution that trains teachers arr. for the beginning schools N. sh. arose in Austria in the 2nd half. 18th century, in France at the end of the 18th century, and in the 19th century. became widespread in Anglo-Saxon countries, where they later became known as teachers’ or teachers’. colleges. N. sh. available (1965) in France, Belgium, Luxembourg, French. areas of Switzerland and Canada, in most countries of Lat. America, in a number of African countries.

In France there are 2 types of N. sh. - primary (ecoles normales primaires), preparing primary teachers. schools, and higher ones (ecoles normal superieures), intended for the training of teachers cf. uch. establishments. Each department has 2 units. N. sh. (male and female), where persons who have graduated from general education are accepted by competition colleges or 2nd - 3rd grades lyceums. Course of study in N. sh. - 4 years; First, students prepare to take exams for a bachelor's degree, then receive a pedagogical degree. preparation. IN recent years reception is practiced at N. sh. persons who already have a diploma bachelor's(for them a 2-year training period is established). During the period of prof. preparation students study: general pedagogy, child psychology, French history. schools, school legislation, principles and methods of extracurricular activities. In addition, girls study home economics, and boys take courses in industrial technology and agriculture. production. Ped. internship lasts 8 weeks in the 1st year of prof. preparation and 12 weeks - in the 2nd year. Students, as a rule, live in boarding schools and are in state custody. provision. Beginning N. sh. (where mostly the children of working people study) have long been an important stronghold of democratic forces in the fight against clericalism and politics. reactions. In the 1963/64 school year. in the beginning N. ha. there were 34 thousand people. (almost half the number of students required to meet the needs of primary schools for qualified teachers). In France, there are 4 higher education schools, which accept (based on rigorous competitive examinations) persons with a bachelor's degree. Duration of training - 4 years; students are preparing to take exams for the title aggregation according to basic subjects of humanities and natural mathematics. cycles. The most famous is the Parisian High School, founded in 1795. normal school, considered integral part Sorbonne. Lecture courses at this school are taught by the country's leading scientists; The school provides students with deep knowledge, but pays insufficient attention to pedagogy. preparation.

In Belgium, N. schools prepare teachers for the early education system. education, organized similarly to the French. beginning N. sh. Teachers of the lower cycle cf. schools graduate 2-year-old N.S., which accepts persons with full-time education. education. These N. sh. have the following features: native language and literature, foreign languages, mathematics and physics, geography and natural sciences, physics. education, artistic education.

École normale supérieure other names: "ENS Ulm", "ENS de Paris", "Normale Sup" or simply "Ulm") French government agency in the field higher education in France under the ministry public education France. The current director is Monique Canto-Sperber.

The main campus is located at Rue d'Ulm(Ulm street, Ulm street, rue d "Ulm), 45 in the V arrondissement of Paris (hence the name: Ecole Normale Supérieure (Ulm)).

History, status and tasks

The École Normale Supérieure in Paris is part of the École Normale Supérieure, together with the École Normale Supérieure of Cachan and the École Normale Supérieure of . However, only the Parisian High School, due to its long history and prestige, in legislative or regulatory texts is simply called the “Ecole Normale Supérieure” without additional designations.

The current High School was created as a result of the merger of the Paris Higher Normal School and the Women's Higher Normal School. (Before the merger, women had the right to hold competition in the Paris VNS. Two wonderful examples- Simone Weil, who entered the women's High School in Paris, and academician Jacqueline de Romilly - in).

The École Normale Supérieure de Paris was founded on the 9th year of the Republic ( ) , who expressed the desire that a “normal School would be established in Paris, where those already educated in useful sciences citizens to learn the art of teaching under the guidance of the most learned professors in all fields.”

Now, in accordance with the decree of the “Higher Normal School at high level cultural and scientific education prepares students for work in the field of fundamental or applied scientific research, to teaching at universities and preparatory courses high school, as well as in secondary education and, more generally, to service in the state administration and administrative-territorial entities, their public institutions and enterprises.”

Science and education

The Paris VNS differs from other higher schools in France in that here they study both literature and science in comparable volumes. In view of this, the Higher School of Science consists of a department of literature (in in a broad sense) and departments of sciences. Each department has its own deputy director (directeur adjoint) and director of studies.

Department of Sciences
- Department
- Department
- Department
- Department and its applications
- Department
- Department “Earth-atmosphere-ocean” (etc.)

Department of Literature
- Department and
- Department
- Department
- Department
- Department
- Department
- Department
- Collective Histoire et Philosophie des Sciences (CHPS)
- Platform " Environment» (Plateforme environnement)
- Passage of the Arts (La Passerelle des Arts)
- Space foreign cultures and languages (Espace des Cultures et Langues d’Ailleurs, ECLA)

In the Higher Normal School, a special one (jargon normalien) is common.

Literature

Collectif Le livre du centenaire, Hachette, 1895
Collectif Les Normaliens peints par eux-mêmes, Chamerot et Renouard, 1895
Paul Dimoff, La Rue d'Ulm à la Belle époque (1899-1903), imp. G. Thomas, 1970
François Dufay et Pierre-Bertrand Dufort, Les normaliens. De Charles Péguy à Bernard-Henri Lévy, un siècle d’histoire, J.C. Lattès, 1993 (ASIN 2709613077) ;
Edouard Herriot, Normale, Société nouvelle d'édition, 1932
Michèle Ferrand, Françoise Imbert et Catherine Marry, L'Excellence scolaire: une affaire de famille. Le cas des normaliennes et normaliens scientifiques, L'Harmattan, coll. "Bibliothèque de l'éducation", 1999 (ISBN 273848221X);
Pascale Hummel, Humanites normaliennes. L'enseignement classique et l"érudition philologique dans l"École normale supérieure au Template:S-, Belles Lettres, coll. "Études anciennes", n° 298, 1995 (ISBN 2251326456);
Pascale Hummel, Regards sur les études classiques au XIXe siècle. Catalog du fonds Morante, Paris, Presses de l'École normale supérieure, 1990.
Pascale Hummel, Pour une histoire de l’École normale supérieure: sources d’archives (1794-1993), en collaboration avec A. Lejeune et D. Peyceré, Paris, Archives nationales - Presses de l’École normale supérieure, 1995.
Nicole Masson L"École normale supérieure: les chemins de la liberté, Gallimard, coll. "Découvertes", 1994 (ASIN 2070532844);
Alain Peyrefitte, Rue d'Ulm. Chroniques de la vie normalienne, Fayard, 1994 (ed.);
Robert Flaceliere, Normale en peril, Presses universitaires de France, 1971
Romain Rolland, Le cloître de la rue d'Ulm, Albin Michel, 1952;
Jean-François Sirinelli, École normale supérieure: le livre du bicentenaire,PUF, 1994.

Ecole Normale Supérieure(French cole normale suprieure other names: "ENS Ulm", "ENS de Paris", "Normale Sup" or simply "Ulm") is a French public institution in the field of higher education in France, subordinate to the French Ministry of Public Education. The current director is Monique Canto-Sperber.

The main campus is located on rue d'Ulm (Ulm street, rue d'Ulm), 45 in the V arrondissement of Paris (hence the name: Ecole Normale Supérieure (Ulm)).
History, status and tasks
The École Normale Supérieure in Paris is part of the École Normale Supérieure, together with the École Normale Supérieure of Cachan and the École Normale Supérieure of Lyon. However, only the Parisian High School, due to its long history and prestige, in legislative or regulatory texts is simply called the “Ecole Normale Supérieure” without additional designations.

The current VNS was created as a result of the merger in 1985 of the Paris Higher Normal School and the Sèvres Women's Higher Normal School. (Before the merger, women had the right to hold competition in the Paris High School. Two wonderful examples are Simone Weil, who entered the Paris High School from the women's School in 1928, and academician Jacqueline de Romilly in 1933).

The Paris High Normal School was founded on the 9th Brumaire of the third year of the Republic (November 30, 1794) by the National Convention, which expressed the desire that a “normal School would be established in Paris, where citizens already educated in the useful sciences would be called from all parts of the Republic, so that under the leadership The most learned professors in all fields are trained in the art of teaching.”

Now, in accordance with the decree of August 26, 1987, “The Higher Normal School, with a high level of cultural and scientific education, prepares students for work in the field of fundamental or applied scientific research, for teaching at universities and in preparatory courses for higher education, as well as in secondary education and, more generally, to service in the state administration and administrative-territorial entities, their public institutions and enterprises.”
Science and education
The Paris VNS differs from other higher schools in France in that here they study both literature and science in comparable volumes. In view of this, the Higher School of Science consists of a department of literature (in the broad sense) and a department of science. Each department has its own deputy director (directeur adjoint) and director of studies. Department of Sciences Department of Biology
Department of Chemistry
Department of Computer Science
Department of Mathematics and Its Applications
Department of Physics
Department of “Earth-atmosphere-ocean” (geology, etc.)

Department of Literature Department of Literature and Languages
Department of Philosophy
Department of Ancient Sciences
Department social sciences
Department of Geography
Department of History
Department of Cognitive Studies
Collective Histoire et Philosophie des Sciences (CHPS)
Platform "Environment" (Plateforme environnement)
Passage of the Arts (La Passerelle des Arts)
Space of Foreign Cultures and Languages (Espace des Cultures et Langues d’Ailleurs, ECLA)

Interesting facts
A special jargon (jargon normalien) is common at the École Normale Supérieure.
Literature
Collectif, Le livre du centenaire, Hachette, 1895
Collectif Les Normaliens peints par eux-mmes, Chamerot et Renouard, 1895
Paul Dimoff, La Rue d'Ulm la Belle poque (1899-1903), imp. G. Thomas, 1970
Franois Dufay et Pierre-Bertrand Dufort, Les normaliens. De Charles Pguy Bernard-Henri Lvy, un sicle d'histoire, J.C. Latts, 1993 (ASIN 2709613077) ;
Edouard Herriot, Normale, Socit nouvelle d'dition, 1932
Michle Ferrand, Franoise Imbert et Catherine Marry, L'Excellence scolaire: une affaire de famille. Le cas des normaliennes et normaliens scientifiques, L'Harmattan, coll. "Bibliothque de l"ducation", 1999 (Higher School of Economic and Commercial Sciences

Wikipedia

In a number of Western countries. Europe, Latin America and Africa, an educational institution that trains teachers mainly for primary schools. The first normal schools appeared in the 2nd half. 18th century in Austria and France... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

In a number of countries Western Europe, Latin America and Africa, an educational institution that trains teachers mainly for primary schools. The first normal schools appeared in the second half of the 18th century. in Austria and France. * * * NORMAL SCHOOL… … Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (French École normale de musique de Paris) Frenchman ... Wikipedia

- (ENS) ... Wikipedia

- (Ecole Normale) (full. Higher normal school on rue Ulm, Ecole normale superieure de la rue d Ulm), a higher education institution in France, located in Paris (see PARIS), on rue Ulm, 45 (hence the name). Higher normal school... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary

Higher Normal School Founded 1810 ... Wikipedia

- ... Wikipedia

FOREST SCHOOL- arose initially as an institution for the improvement and education of physically weak children lagging behind in school activities due to their poor health from their peers. At the heart of L. sh. lies the widespread use of the regime open air. Mode… … Big medical encyclopedia

Books

Normal physiology. Short course: textbook. manual, Zinchuk V.V.. ...
Normal physiology. Short course, Zinchuk V.V. Presents material on the main sections normal physiology in the form of tables, graphs, figures and diagrams. Each chapter contains a glossary. At the end there is...

K: Educational institutions founded in 1794

Higher normal(pedagogical) school(fr. École normale supérieure other names: "ENS Ulm", "ENS de Paris", "Normale Sup" or simply "Ulm") is a French public institution in the field of higher education in France, subordinate to the French Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. The current director is Marc Mezard (French). Marc Mézard).

The École Normale Supérieure is one of the most prestigious higher educational institutions in France, for admission to which you must study for several years in special schools after graduating from the Lyceum. preparatory classes(“les classes préparatoires”), in order to then undergo a strict competitive selection.

The main campus is located at Rue d'Ulme(Ulm street, rue d "Ulm), 45 in the V arrondissement of Paris (hence the name: Ecole Normale Supérieure (Ulm)).

As of 2014, it is recognized as the best higher educational institution France and ranks 35th in the world academic list.

History, status and tasks

The École Normale Supérieure in Paris is part of the École Normale Supérieure, together with the École Normale Supérieure of Cachan and the École Normale Supérieure of Lyon. However, only the Parisian High School, due to its long history and prestige, is simply called “Ecole Normale Supérieure” in legislative or regulatory texts without further clarification.

The current VNS was created as a result of the merger in 1985 of the Paris Ecole Normale Supérieure and the Sèvres Women's High Normal School. (Before the merger, women had the right to hold competition in the Paris High School. Two wonderful examples are Simone Weil, who entered the Paris High School from the women's School in 1928, and academician Jacqueline de Romilly).

The Paris Normal School was founded on the 9th Brumaire of the third year of the Republic (October 30) by the National Convention, which expressed the desire that a “normal School” be established in Paris, where citizens already educated in the useful sciences would be called from all parts of the Republic, so that, under the guidance of the most scientists in all fields and professors to learn the art of teaching.”

Science and education

In the VNS of Paris (and since 2010 also in Lyon) they study not only natural sciences, but also equally humanities and social sciences.

Natural sciences
- Department of Biology
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Computer Science
- Department of Mathematics and Its Applications
- Department of Physics
- Department of “Earth-atmosphere-ocean” (geology, etc.)

Humanities and social sciences
- Department of Literature and Languages (Département Lila, that is, Li la)
- Department of Philosophy
- Department of Ancient Sciences
- Department of Social Sciences
- Department of Geography
- Department of History
- Department of Cognitive Studies
- Group "History and Philosophy of Science" (Collectif Histoire et Philosophie des Sciences, CHPS)
- Platform "Environment" (Plateforme environnement)
- Department of History and Theory of Arts (Département d’Histoire et de Théorie des Arts, DHTA)
- Department of Foreign Languages (Espace des Cultures et Langues d’Ailleurs, ECLA)

A special jargon (jargon normalien) is common at the École Normale Supérieure.

School principals

Jerome Carcopino (1940-41, 1942-44)

Notable alumni

Astronomers: Andoyer, Chalonge and Kovalevsky
Mathematicians: Darboux, Borel, Picard, Elie and Henri Cartan, Hadamard, Weyl, Baer, Fréchet, Dieudonné and Chevalley
Mineralogists: François Sulpice Beudan
Historians: Charles Seignobos, Lucien Febvre, Marc Bloch, Jacques Le Goff, Jacques Revel
Chemist and biologist: Louis Pasteur
Physicists, Nobel laureates Lippman and de Gennes
Sociologists and philosophers: Michel Foucault, Georges Dumézil, Émile Durkheim, René Worms, Jean-Paul Sartre, Alain Badiou, Quentin Meillassoux, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Pierre Bourdieu and Jacques Derrida
Writers: Muriel Barbery, Jean-Paul Sartre, Jacques Derrida, Romain Rolland
Linguists: Claude Agége

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Literature

Collectif Le livre du centenaire, Hachette, 1895
Collectif Les Normaliens peints par eux-mêmes, Chamerot et Renouard, 1895
Paul Dimoff, La Rue d'Ulm à la Belle époque (1899-1903), imp. G. Thomas, 1970
François Dufay et Pierre-Bertrand Dufort, Les normaliens. De Charles Péguy à Bernard-Henri Lévy, un siècle d’histoire, J.C. Lattès, 1993 (ASIN 2709613077) ;
Edouard Herriot, Normale, Société nouvelle d'édition, 1932
Michèle Ferrand, Françoise Imbert et Catherine Marry, L'Excellence scolaire: une affaire de famille. Le cas des normaliennes et normaliens scientifiques, L'Harmattan, coll. "Bibliothèque de l'éducation", 1999 (ISBN 2-7384-8221-X);
Pascale Hummel, Humanites normaliennes. L'enseignement classique et l"érudition philologique dans l"École normale supérieure au s-XIXe, Belles Lettres, coll. "Études anciennes", n° 298, 1995 (ISBN 2-251-32645-6);
Pascale Hummel, Regards sur les études classiques au XIXe siècle. Catalog du fonds Morante, Paris, Presses de l'École normale supérieure, 1990.
Pascale Hummel, Pour une histoire de l’École normale supérieure: sources d’archives (1794-1993), en collaboration avec A. Lejeune et D. Peyceré, Paris, Archives nationales - Presses de l’École normale supérieure, 1995.
Nicole Masson L"École normale supérieure: les chemins de la liberté, Gallimard, coll. "Découvertes", 1994 (ASIN 2070532844);
Alain Peyrefitte, Rue d'Ulm. Chroniques de la vie normalienne, Fayard, 1994 (ed.);
Robert Flaceliere, Normale en peril, Presses universitaires de France, 1971
Romain Rolland, Le cloître de la rue d'Ulm, Albin Michel, 1952;
Jean-François Sirinelli, École normale supérieure: le livre du bicentenaire,PUF, 1994.

Notes

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Excerpt characterizing the Ecole Normale Supérieure (Paris)

Rostov looked intently into Boris’s eyes again and sighed. Berg returned, and over a bottle of wine the conversation between the three officers became lively. The guardsmen told Rostov about their campaign, about how they were honored in Russia, Poland and abroad. They told about the words and deeds of their commander, the Grand Duke, and anecdotes about his kindness and temper. Berg, as usual, remained silent when the matter did not concern him personally, but on the occasion of anecdotes about the Grand Duke’s temper, he told with pleasure how in Galicia he managed to talk with the Grand Duke when he was driving around the shelves and was angry about the wrong movement. With a pleasant smile on his face, he told how Grand Duke, very angry, driving up to him, shouted: “Arnauts!” (Arnauts was the crown prince’s favorite saying when he was angry) and demanded a company commander.
“Believe me, Count, I wasn’t afraid of anything, because I knew that I was right.” You know, Count, without boasting, I can say that I know the regimental orders by heart and I also know the regulations, like the Our Father in heaven. Therefore, Count, I never have any omissions in my company. So my conscience is calm. I showed up. (Berg stood up and imagined how he appeared with his hand to the visor. Indeed, it was difficult to portray more respect and self-satisfaction in his face.) He pushed me, as they say, pushed, pushed; pushed not to the stomach, but to death, as they say; and “Arnauts,” and devils, and to Siberia,” Berg said, smiling shrewdly. “I know that I’m right, and that’s why I’m silent: isn’t it, Count?” “What, are you dumb, or what?” he screamed. I'm still silent. What do you think, Count? The next day there was no order: this is what it means not to get lost. So, Count,” said Berg, lighting his pipe and blowing some rings.
“Yes, that’s nice,” Rostov said, smiling.
But Boris, noticing that Rostov was about to laugh at Berg, skillfully deflected the conversation. He asked Rostov to tell us how and where he received the wound. Rostov was pleased with this, and he began to tell, becoming more and more animated as he spoke. He told them his Shengraben affair exactly the way those who participated in them usually talk about battles, that is, the way they would like it to be, the way they had heard from other storytellers, the way it was more beautiful to tell, but not at all the way it was. Rostov was a truthful young man; he would never deliberately tell a lie. He began to tell with the intention of telling everything exactly as it was, but imperceptibly, involuntarily and inevitably for himself, he turned into a lie. If he had told the truth to these listeners, who, like himself, had already heard stories about the attacks many times and formed a definite concept of what the attack was, and expected exactly the same story - or they would not have believed him, or, even worse, they would have thought that Rostov himself was to blame for the fact that what usually happens to storytellers of cavalry attacks did not happen to him. He couldn’t tell them so simply that they all rode at a trot, he fell off his horse, lost his arm and ran with all his might into the forest away from the Frenchman. In addition, in order to tell everything as it happened, it was necessary to make an effort on oneself to tell only what happened. Telling the truth is very difficult; and young people are rarely capable of this. They were waiting for the story of how he was burning all over the fire, not remembering himself, how he flew into the square like a storm; how he cut into it, chopped right and left; how the saber tasted the meat, and how he fell exhausted, and the like. And he told them all this.
In the middle of his story, while he was saying: “You can’t imagine what a strange feeling of rage you experience during an attack,” Prince Andrei Bolkonsky, whom Boris was waiting for, entered the room. Prince Andrei, who loved patronizing relationships with young people, flattered by the fact that they turned to him for protection, and well disposed towards Boris, who knew how to please him the day before, wanted to fulfill the young man’s desire. Sent with papers from Kutuzov to the Tsarevich, he went to young man, hoping to catch him alone. Entering the room and seeing an army hussar telling the military adventures (the sort of people that Prince Andrei could not stand), he smiled affectionately at Boris, winced, narrowed his eyes at Rostov and, bowing slightly, sat down tiredly and lazily on the sofa. It was unpleasant for him that he got into bad society. Rostov flushed, realizing this. But it didn’t matter to him: it was a stranger. But, looking at Boris, he saw that he too seemed ashamed of the army hussar. Despite the unpleasant mocking tone of Prince Andrei, despite the general contempt that, from his army combat point of view, Rostov had for all these staff adjutants, among whom the newcomer was obviously counted, Rostov felt embarrassed, blushed and fell silent. Boris asked what news was at headquarters, and what, without immodesty, had been heard about our assumptions?
“They will probably go forward,” Bolkonsky answered, apparently not wanting to talk more in front of strangers.
Berg took the opportunity to ask with particular courtesy whether, as was heard, they would now issue double forage to army company commanders? To this, Prince Andrei answered with a smile that he could not judge such important state orders, and Berg laughed joyfully.
“We’ll talk about your business later,” Prince Andrei turned again to Boris, and he looked back at Rostov. – You come to me after the review, we will do everything we can.
And, looking around the room, he turned to Rostov, whose childish insurmountable embarrassment turning into embitterment he did not deign to notice, and said:
– I think you were talking about the Shengraben case? Have you been there?
“I was there,” Rostov said angrily, as if by doing so he wanted to insult the adjutant.
Bolkonsky noticed the hussar’s condition and found it funny. He smiled slightly contemptuously.
- Yes! there are many stories about this matter now!
“Yes, stories,” Rostov spoke loudly, suddenly looking wildly at Boris and Bolkonsky, “yes, there are many stories, but our stories are the stories of those who were in the very fire of the enemy, our stories have weight, not stories of those staff guys who receive awards without doing anything.
– Which one do you suppose I belong to? – Prince Andrei said calmly and smiling especially pleasantly.
A strange feeling of embitterment and at the same time respect for the calmness of this figure was united at this time in Rostov’s soul.
“I’m not talking about you,” he said, “I don’t know you and, I admit, I don’t want to know.” I'm talking about staff in general.
“And I’ll tell you what,” Prince Andrei interrupted him with calm authority in his voice. “You want to insult me, and I am ready to agree with you that this is very easy to do if you do not have sufficient respect for yourself; but you must admit that both the time and the place were chosen very badly for this. One of these days we will all have to be in a big, more serious duel, and besides, Drubetskoy, who says that he is your old friend, is not at all to blame for the fact that you had the misfortune of not liking my face. However,” he said, getting up, “you know my last name and know where to find me; but don’t forget,” he added, “that I do not consider myself or you at all offended, and my advice, as a man older than you, is to leave this matter without consequences. So on Friday, after the show, I’m waiting for you, Drubetskoy; “goodbye,” Prince Andrei concluded and left, bowing to both.