Poetry notebook.
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev "How unexpected and bright."
Introduction
http://mkrf.ru/upload/iblock/6f0/6f00f5f579862c17a0885c9b235e5aa9.jpg
As a child, Fedenka (as his family affectionately called him) was the favorite and darling of the Tyutchev family. Of the three children, the poet’s mother especially singled out Fyodor, who inherited from her a remarkable mind and “a fantasy developed to the point of painfulness.” When Fedor turned 10 years old, he was invited to a teacher who knew classical literature, and the poet, Semyon Egorovich Raich, who began to prepare young Tyutchev for admission to Moscow University.
Tyutchev's parents spared nothing for their son's education. And already in childhood Tyutchev knew very well French and later he used it as his own; even some of Tyutchev’s poems were written in French.
As a teenager, Tyutchev with his parents from his father’s estate in Oryol province(Now - Bryansk region) moved to Moscow. At the age of 16, Tyutchev entered the literature department of Moscow University, and two years before that, 14-year-old Tyutchev was accepted into the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature, since Tyutchev’s attempts to write attracted the attention of his mentors, one of whom was a poet, critic and professor Moscow University A.F. Merzlyakov.
At the university, Tyutchev amazed his comrade, the future famous historian M.P. Pogodin, because “you could talk with him about anything: about religion, ancient and new European literature, about philosophy, mathematics and even medicine.
Two years later, in November 1821, Tyutchev graduated from the university with a candidate's degree in literary sciences. At the family council, it was decided that with “Fedenka’s” brilliant abilities he could make a career as a diplomat.
Nobody seriously thought about poetry... And in the middle of 1822, F.I. Tyutchev went to work in the capital of Bavaria - Munich.
Neither Tyutchev himself, nor his friends and relatives could have imagined that going abroad would result in a twenty-two-year separation from his homeland for him. They could not have known that he would not make a career as a diplomat for the simple reason that he was born a poet, not an official. In Munich, Tyutchev communicates with the first minds of Germany, especially Fyodor Ivanovich became close to famous poet Heinrich Heine. Here Tyutchev quickly began to gain fame as a man of unusually deep intelligence and wit.
In Tyutchev’s poems, which he created in the late 20s and early 30s of the 19th century, nature is full of contradictions and at the same time harmonious. His favorite contrast is day and night.
In addition to creating his own works, Tyutchev translates a lot: poems by Schiller, Goethe, Heine, Byron - poets whose work is close and understandable to him. Unfortunately, during his life in Munich, Tyutchev was not known as a poet. Only in 1836 did copies of some of Tyutchev’s poems, with the help of Zhukovsky and Vyazemsky, reach Pushkin, who published 16 of the poet’s poems in the third issue of his Sovremennik magazine, and eight more in the next issue. Tyutchev's poems continued to be published in Sovremennik even after the death of Pushkin, until 1840.
Tyutchev himself was surprisingly indifferent to the fate of his poetic creations. He did not care about publishing them, and only thanks to the efforts of his friends were Tyutchev’s lyrical masterpieces able to see the light of day.
In 1843, F.I. Tyutchev returned to Russia. In many aristocratic houses they know him as the smartest conversationalist, but they do not know him at all as a poet. True, Tyutchev himself did not attach serious importance to his poems for a long time.
In our age, poems live for two or three moments,
Born in the morning, will die by evening...
(“To Mikhail Petrovich Pogodin.”)
But nevertheless, the writers familiar to Tyutchev, who stubbornly told him that he had enormous talent, finally stirred up the poet’s pride: he began to submit poems to print more and more often.
And suddenly... In 1850 (Tyutchev was already 47 years old), the then young poet Nikolai Nekrasov, publisher of the Sovremennik magazine, published an article in which he fully quoted 24 of Tyutchev’s old poems from Pushkin’s Sovremennik with an enthusiastic review!
Another 4 years later, the writer Ivan Turgenev took the trouble to publish a collection of Tyutchev’s poems and also wrote a commendable article about him. The first collection of a poet who is already over 50! In the 19th century, this was perhaps the only case. “They don’t argue about Tyutchev,” I. S. Turgenev rightly wrote, “whoever doesn’t feel him, thereby proves that he doesn’t feel poetry.”
Reading with commentary
Now guess what miracle of nature we are talking about:
“After a hot, muggy day, the clouds came down and the rain poured down. When it stopped, the setting sun sparkled above the horizon, and at that time, above the dark departing cloud, like a giant arc curved towards the ground appeared... rainbow.
(Seven pure colors, imperceptibly turning into one another - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet”)
Tyutchev's landscape lyrics are imbued with admiration for the grandeur and beauty, infinity and diversity of the natural kingdom.
http://musafirova.ucoz.ru/Metod_kopilka/4_klass/Literatura/Urok_2_2/12.jpg
http://pochit.ru/pars_docs/refs/69/68641/68641_html_41a4b149.jpg
How unexpected and bright
In the damp blue sky,
An airy arch was erected,
In your momentary triumph.
The poem “How unexpected and bright...” has a polar opposite coloring. It is dominated by voiced “n”, “l” and “m”:
One end stuck into the forests,
Gone behind the clouds for others -
She covered half the sky
And she became exhausted at the height.
Epithets"wet blue" air arch", "rainbow vision" make the poem brighter and more colorful.
To enhance the effect, Tyutchev uses verbs high calm: “erected”, “stabbed”, “exhausted”.
What advice does the poet give to someone who sees a rainbow? (seize the moment)..
“erected” - (erect) - build, build.
“arch” - 1. An arched covering of an opening in a wall or a span between two supports. 2. A structure in the form of a large gate of this shape.
“stick” - something into someone. Stick in with the point.
“to become exhausted” - to lose strength, weaken.
“bliss” - bliss, a pleasant state (bliss in the gaze).
“entirely” - completely, completely.
Generalization
What does Part I talk about? (About the appearance of an airy arch-rainbow. Its description is given through the perception of the lyrical hero)
- How do you understand the words in the first stanza “and she fainted in the heights”? (Disappeared, ceased to be visible)
- What is said in Part II? (The hero’s impression of the rainbow and his thoughts)
- What is the lyrical hero thinking about? (About the transience of time. You need to appreciate every moment of life)
- What means does the author use to create expressiveness? (Metaphor, comparison, personification)
- Which lines of the poem are perceived as the most significant in content? (“It’s gone, somehow it’ll go away completely...” and “Catch it - catch it quickly!”)
- Determine based on them main idea poems? (We need to appreciate every moment of life, every moment of the beauty that nature gives us)
- What does the lyrics of F.I. allow us to feel? Tyutchev? (An unbreakable bond with nature, to find unity with it)
Results
We continued our acquaintance with the biography and work of the poet Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev. We read and analyzed his poem “How unexpected and bright.” We got acquainted with landscape sketches of the spring season; noted the musicality of the poem.
Tyutchev is loved and known not only in our country, but also abroad. Collections of his poems have been published in many languages of the world. Thousands of excursionists from all over our Motherland come to Ovstug to look at Tyutchev’s places, visit the museum, walk along the paths of the park, stand on the shore of the pond, listen to the rustle of centuries-old trees. And the poet, standing forever in bronze in a clearing in the park, greets his many admirers.
SOURCE
https://infourok.ru/konspekt_uroka_po_literaturnomu_chteniyu_f.i._tyutchev_esche_zemli_pechalen_vid...-166624.htm
http://tak-to-ent.net/load/298-1-0-6441
http://download.myshared.ru/mfpiaSy6R1FeAbgN4BitaA/1463595622/815198.ppt
http://www.seznaika.ru/literatura/analiz-stihov/10972-----l---r
Yes, the poet was a loving person, his life was complicated and multifaceted. But each of his loves was sincere, frank, sincere. All this found its place in poetry. Many lyrical works the author has a secret philosophical meaning, although it may immediately seem that they are simply about nature. “How unexpected and bright” is exactly such a poem.
Features of Fyodor Ivanovich’s creativity
During his career, Fyodor Ivanovich created many diverse literary works with a lyrical direction. Such masterpieces were able to significantly enrich Russian literature and decorate it with all sorts of delights. Many critics of the past and modern century They consider Tyutchev a treasure of Russia.
Poets have always sought inspiration from different sources. These include versatile personalities, natural landscapes that are particularly natural, discussions on the topic of existence with philosophical overtones, and, of course, relationships tied to love.
Women who changed the author's destiny
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev was married twice during his life. While married for the second time, he met a very beautiful and attractive girl. Her name was Elena Deniseva. It was she who captivated the heart of the lyrical creator more than others and inspired him to create numerous works.Late love excited inner world Fyodor Ivanovich. He devoted himself body and soul to the new romance that had begun. It didn’t matter to him at all what was actually happening in his family, what his wife thought about him, or how the public would talk. At the same time, the author of many works retained a piece of love for his wife.
For Fyodor Ivanovich’s beloved Lena Deniseva – given love became a real test. The romance that arose between them led to a quarrel with almost all relatives. The girl’s father abandoned her, previously close friends and beloved relatives stopped communicating, and people around her, strangers, condemned her. This union brought a lot of pain to Deniseva, who constantly suffered from such relationships, but chose love instead of public recognition.
It was not an easy passion. People in love spent about fourteen years together. It should be noted that all this time Fyodor Ivanovich was married and had no plans to separate, and Elena’s position was always questionable. Moreover, the diplomat deceived his beloved, saying that he was married for the third time, which means the church would not allow him to marry a fourth time. In the 19th century, the law of religion allowed only three marriages.
Of course, Fyodor Ivanovich understood the ambiguity of their relationship, it burdened him. He wrote poems to his beloved one after another and was going to release them in one collection. True, Elena did not live to see this. Later these poems will be combined into the so-called “Denisevsky cycle”.
When she died last love poet, he was broken as never before. Such a blow literally threw the diplomat to the sidelines of life, which prepared new blows of fate one after another - in the same year, two of Fyodor Ivanovich’s children died from Elena.
The poems written by Tyutchev after Denisyeva’s death are filled with pain and longing for his beloved. The poem “How unexpected and bright...” was written immediately after the anniversary of the death of a loved one. Tracked here abrupt change mood that happened after a while. From that moment on, the poet began to perceive life in a completely different way and in his lines tries to convey these changes in his inner world as accurately as possible.
Analysis of the poem “How unexpected and bright...”
The work very sensually conveys to the reader a picture of the sky. A special philosophical thought is traced here. Lyrical hero looks to the heavens, since it is to them that life on earth is opposed. He makes it clear that the path of life is a temporary phenomenon, and heaven can hide eternity. Fyodor Ivanovich makes the reader understand that not every earthly person who has received peace is able to get into the Kingdom of Heaven. Everyone has their own sins that affect the disposition of the soul after death. The lines in the work combine the opposition of earth and heaven.
The work contains huge amount all sorts of exceptional images that allow you to connect two different worlds as efficiently as possible. A striking example This image is a rainbow, which begins on earth and ends somewhere deep in the heavens. This carefully described phenomenon is perceived by both the author and readers in the form of a bridge that appears after a gloomy rain. For Tyutchev, a rainbow is goodwill directed towards humanity. The author also notes that this phenomenon is fleeting and he is given too short a period of time, but he would like more. The author describes the time of the appearance of the rainbow as an instant, a kind of moment aimed at infinity. If you caught this moment and also felt it, you have become a witness to eternal beauty and this eternity will remain in your soul for a long time in the form of a certain imprint...
A rainbow is a fleeting natural phenomenon, a certain particle of the heavenly expanse. It is with its help that the author tries to convey to the reader that people are just as temporary and perishable. Sooner or later, everything ends, no matter how much you fuss and no matter what a person is like. The author writes in the poem that time has passed, as has breath and life.
As in many of Fyodor Ivanovich’s poems, the work begins with a simple observation of a certain natural landscape. Nature is described here down to the smallest detail, and the most significant things are revealed to the maximum. All this allows you to create in the reader’s imagination the most colorful picture that will take your breath away.
Gradually, the meaning of the work “How unexpected and bright...” moves from a review and description of the significance of natural nature to human personalities and the importance of people in the cycle of things in nature. Tyutchev gives various arguments that the life path of every person is short and sooner or later everyone will have to return to their origins, precisely to the place where their soul once originated and was sent to earth.
Reasoning of this kind, according to many critics of that time and today, helped to cope with problems, melancholy and severe pain that happened after the loss of a loved one. The author makes it clear to the reader that people do not actually die, but move on to a further, especially eternal life.
It was from this moment that Fyodor Ivanovich looked at the world completely differently. The look at the sky is described as sincerely as possible and represents the judgment that a person who finds himself in another world will receive something better than what happened to him on earth. The author understands perfectly well that it could not have happened any other way and human nature is such that sooner or later everyone will find themselves in a different reality. Tyutchev hopes for the best that awaits his beloved in the next world. It should be noted that there is no anger towards heaven at all; he does not describe it with grumbling and despair, but seeks a special connection between man and his unity with nature.
In the work “How unexpected and bright...” Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev touches on the deepest feelings that a person can ever experience. It was because of these feelings that the author constantly suffered and felt somehow guilty. It took the poet many years to fully realize that the world is not eternal and all good things come to an end sooner or later.
The feelings and thoughts used in the poem “How unexpected and bright...” gave inspiration to the writer every year. Rereading his own work, he expressed new thoughts, feelings and sensations in poetry.
Exactly love lyrics occupied in the works of Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev special place, and also helped to cope with the bitterness and pain in his soul that tormented him in various life situations. The author rethought his attitude to both death and life. Over time, he began to correctly evaluate his human path, which led him on earth and understood that life is just the beginning.
How unexpected and bright
In the damp blue sky,
Aerial arch erected
In your momentary celebration!
One end stuck into the forests,
Gone behind the clouds for others -
She covered half the sky
And she became exhausted at the height.
Oh, in this rainbow vision
What a treat for the eyes!
It is given to us for a moment,
Catch him - catch him quickly!
Look - it has already turned pale,
Another minute, two - and then what?
Gone, somehow gone completely,
What do you breathe and live by?
Other editions and options
2 Across the damp blue sky,
Ed. 1868. P. 219; Ed. St. Petersburg, 1886. P. 277.
9-16 Stanza missing
Autograph - IRLI. R. III. Op. 2. No. 1084.
COMMENTS:
Autographs (2) - IRLI. R. 3. Op. 2. No. 1084; RGALI. F. 505. Op. 1. Unit hr. 38. L. 2–2 vol.
Lists - Muran. album(p. 127); Album Tutch. - Birileva(p. 13).
First publication - gas."Day". 1865, September 25. No. 33. P. 780. Included in Ed. 1868. P. 219; Ed. St. Petersburg, 1886. P. 277; Ed. 1900. P. 283.
Printed according to the autograph of RGALI.
In the autograph IRLI(without the 2nd stanza) marks by Ern's hand. F. Tyutcheva: “Roslavl. August 5th." RGALI's autograph is written in pencil.
Ed. 1868, Ed. 1900 indicate the time and place of creation of the poem: “Roslavl August 5, 1865.” Ed. St. Petersburg, 1886 limited to the designation of the year: “1865”. Instead of “On the wet” (2nd line) gas."Day", Ed. 1868, Ed. St. Petersburg, 1886 They print “On wet”. The syntactic design of the text varies.
L.N. Tolstoy marked this poem with the letter “T.!!!” (Tyutchev!!!) and emphasized the line “And she was exhausted in the heights.” I. S. Aksakov, noting the same line, exclaims: “ Exhausted! The expression is not only deeply true, but also bold. This is perhaps the first time it has been used in our literature in this exact sense. And yet it is impossible to express this better external process gradual melting, weakening, disappearance of the rainbow" ( Biogr. P. 96). Here, he noted, “not only the external fidelity of the image, but also the entire completeness of the internal sensation” (ibid., p. 95). After a few pages, Aksakov again returns to Tyutsky’s apt image. If a reader with a subtle artistic taste turned to Russian poetry for the first time, he argues, then even without knowing the names of the lyricists, “he would involuntarily stop” at “Primary Autumn” with its “ thin hair cobwebs", or " Spring waters", or on "Rainbow, exhausted in the sky,” “by this one expression, by this one small, apparently, feature, he would immediately recognize the real artist and would say together with Khomyakov: “ pure poetry- that's where." This kind artistic beauty“, simplicity and truth cannot be achieved neither by intelligence, nor by enthusiasm of spirit, nor by experience, nor by art: here there is already an obvious, so to speak, naked poetic revelation, the direct creativity of talent” (ibid., p. 100).
The first stanza of the poem for V. S. Solovyov served as proof of the following thoughts about beauty and nature: “From the astral infinity, moving into the narrow limits of our earth's atmosphere, we encounter here beautiful phenomena depicting, to varying degrees, the enlightenment of matter or the embodiment of an ideal principle in it. In this sense, clouds illuminated by the morning or evening sun, with their various shades and combinations of colors, the northern lights, etc., have their own beauty. The same idea (the mutual penetration of heavenly light and earthly elements) is represented more fully and more definitely rainbow, in which the dark and formless substance of water vapor is transformed for a moment into a bright and full-colored revelation of embodied light and enlightened matter" ( Soloviev. Beauty. P. 47).
“How unexpected and bright...” Fyodor Tyutchev
How unexpected and bright
In the damp blue sky,
Aerial arch erected
In your momentary celebration!
One end stuck into the forests,
Gone behind the clouds for others -
She covered half the sky
And she became exhausted at the height.Oh, in this rainbow vision
What a treat for the eyes!
It is given to us for a moment,
Catch him—catch him quickly!
Look - it has already turned pale,
Another minute, two - and then what?
Gone, somehow gone completely,
What do you breathe and live by?
Analysis of Tyutchev’s poem “How unexpected and bright...”
The middle-aged poet had a hard time with the untimely death of Elena Denisyeva, his tragic muse and common-law wife. In the summer of 1865, on the anniversary of her death, poetic text, striking with a contrasting combination of light and tragic intonations.
The work begins with a landscape sketch, the main detail of which is a rainbow. It is interesting that the text does not contain a direct “everyday” name natural phenomenon. Instead, the author uses sublimely poetic definitions: “air arch”, “rainbow vision”. The listed metaphors are supported book vocabulary, among which the examples “erected” and “exhausted” stand out. Artistic media designed to emphasize the unusualness and solemnity of the appearance of a bright natural image standing out against the blue sky.
The sheer size of the rainbow is the subject of the next episode. The multi-colored arc is characterized by four verbs: the technique enlivens the image, rewarding it with anthropomorphic qualities and endowing it with the ability to act independently. The verb sequence shows gradual decay active principle. If at the beginning of the enumeration there is a lexeme with connotations of strength “stabbed”, then it ends with the word “exhausted”, denoting the loss of physical strength.
Focusing on beauty atmospheric phenomenon, the lyrical subject emphasizes its transience. This idea, which appears in the first four lines, is developed in the final episode. Here, enthusiastic intonations conveyed by syntax coexist with emotional conversational remarks. The latter are increasing, involving the reader in the situation with the help of the lyrical “you” and verbs in imperative mood: “catch”, “look”. Admiration gives way to confusion, and syntactic constructions reflect the change in the hero’s mood: exclamations give way to a rhetorical question.
The final couplet contains a philosophical conclusion inspired by the beautiful but fleeting view. He informs the lyrical addressee about the frailty of earthly life and the inevitability of bitter losses.
The two-part strophic division of the work is characteristic of Tyutchev's style. Structural tension, which is achieved with the help of composition and rhythmic-intonation means, allows you to convey changes natural paintings and shades of mood of the lyrical subject.
