Stranger block expressive means. Analysis of Blok’s poem “Stranger”

"Stranger" Alexander Blok

In the evenings above the restaurants
The hot air is wild and deaf,
And rules with drunken shouts
Spring and pernicious spirit.

Far above the dust of the alley,
Above the boredom of country dachas,
The bakery's pretzel is slightly golden,
And a child's cry is heard.

And every evening, behind the barriers,
Breaking the pots,
Walking among the ditches with the ladies
Tested wits.

Oarlocks creak over the lake
And a woman's squeal is heard,
And in the sky, accustomed to everything
The disk is bent senselessly.

And every evening my only friend
Reflected in my glass
And tart and mysterious moisture
Like me, humbled and stunned.

And next to the neighboring tables
Sleepy lackeys hang around,
And drunkards with rabbit eyes
“In vino veritas!”1 they shout.

And every evening, at the appointed hour
(Or am I just dreaming?),
The girl's figure, captured by silks,
A window moves through a foggy window.

And slowly, walking between the drunks,
Always without companions, alone
Breathing spirits and mists,
She sits by the window.

And they breathe ancient beliefs
Her elastic silks
And a hat with mourning feathers,
And in the rings there is a narrow hand.

And chained by a strange intimacy,
I look behind the dark veil,
And I see the enchanted shore
And the enchanted distance.

Silent secrets have been entrusted to me,
Someone's sun was handed to me,
And all the souls of my bend
Tart wine pierced.

And bowed ostrich feathers
My brain is swinging,
And blue bottomless eyes
They bloom on the far shore.

There's a treasure in my soul
And the key is entrusted only to me!
You're right, drunken monster!
I know: the truth is in the wine.

Analysis of Blok’s poem “Stranger”

When it comes to creative heritage Russian poet Alexander Blok, many often recall the textbook poem “Stranger”, written in 1906 and becoming one of the best romantic works by this author.

"The Stranger" has a rather sad and dramatic backstory. During the period of writing the poem, Alexander Blok was experiencing a deep spiritual drama caused by his wife’s betrayal, who went to the poet Alexander Bely. According to the recollections of the poet’s relatives, he uncontrollably drowned his sorrows in wine and sat for days on end in cheap drinking establishments filled with dubious personalities. It is likely that in one of these restaurants Alexander Blok met a mysterious stranger - an elegant lady in a hat with a mourning veil, who every evening at the same time occupied a table near the window, indulging in her sad thoughts.

In this establishment she clearly looked like a foreign creature, belonging to a completely different world, where there was no place for dirt and street language, prostitutes, gigolos and lovers of cheap booze. And, quite likely, it was the image of a mysterious woman, so out of place in the interior of a cheap tavern, that awakened in the poet the desire not only to delve into her secret, but also to analyze own life, realizing that he was wasting it.

Describing the situation around him, Alexander Blok deliberately contrasts the dirt and drunken stupor with the divine image of an unknown woman, who, apparently, is experiencing an equally deep spiritual drama, but does not stoop to drowning her grief in alcohol. The realization that the fragile stranger turns out to be much stronger and more courageous than all those men who surround her gives rise to a certain semblance of admiration in the poet’s soul. This is the first bright moment in his life in many months, which he tries to grab onto as if lifebuoy to emerge from the abyss of continuous drunkenness. The fact that he succeeded brilliantly is confirmed by the very fact of the existence of the poem “Stranger,” which, as it later turned out, became a turning point not only in the life, but also in the work of Alexander Blok.

AND precisely the opposition between dark and bright sides life, which is very clearly visible in this lyrical and very moving work, indicates that the poet very clearly understands that his life is going downhill at an inexorable speed. Such an antithesis sets the rhythm for the entire work, as if emphasizing that there is another reality in which even with broken hearted you can rejoice and be surprised simple things, which evoke the brightest and most exciting feelings. The image of a stranger identifies a slightly open door to another reality, and all that remains is to take a couple of unsteady steps to find yourself where there is no place for the gloomy reality with its vulgarity, betrayal, cruelty and dirt.

Stay in the arms of Bacchus or try to get into mysterious world strangers, filled with light and purity? Alexander Blok chooses the third path, arguing that there is truth in wine too, but at the same time deciding not to stoop to the level of those who drink not in order to comprehend it, but in order to forget. This is confirmed by one of the last stanzas, in which the poet admits: “There is a treasure in my soul, and the key is entrusted only to me!” These words can be interpreted in different ways, but their most likely meaning is that only spiritual purity, the ability to love and forgive, give a person the strength to live on. But in order to realize this, you must first sink to the very bottom, and then meet a mysterious stranger who will make you believe in own strength just by her presence, even if her image is a figment of the imagination, poisoned by alcohol.

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Goals:

educational: to consolidate basic knowledge, skills, and skills in analyzing a work of art; teach a holistic perception of a work of art through integration with subjects such as history, music, linguistics, fine arts; teach students to analyze text, draw conclusions and generalizations.

developmental: develop oral speech and emotional-imaginative, analytical thinking;

educational: to cultivate interest and love for Blok’s poetry, the study of his poems should become a discovery for students, a school of high feelings, and comprehension of higher spirituality.

Equipment: computer, multimedia projector, interactive whiteboard.

The lesson is accompanied by a PowerPoint presentation.

Lesson progress

I. Organizational moment.

Announcing the topic of the lesson. (1 slide).

Teacher's opening speech. (2 slide).

Blok is a symbolist poet, and among symbolists, creativity is focused mainly on the expression of intuitively comprehended ideas and vague feelings through symbols. According to the greatest theoretician among the Symbolists, Vyacheslav Ivanov, poetry is “the secret writing of the ineffable.” The second most important category of Symbolist poets is Musicality. The poetry of A. Blok is the poetry of hints that the reader must understand, decipher independently and, in accordance with them, complete the picture of reality, or fantasy, or, relatively speaking, the “mental landscape” - the poet’s experiences or worldview. And in order to understand the secrets of poetry, let us remember Blok’s passion for Solovyov’s philosophy about the ideal of All-Unity - Eternal Femininity. Let us not forget the time of the poet’s life and work. True life, with its acute social contradictions, gradually enters Blok’s work. “A terrible world”... This is the name of the central cycle (second book) of Blok’s poems. This is what Blok called the world he came to at the beginning of the 20th century. The feeling of the troubles of life, its tragic contradictions, and the “deep darkness” generated by them is a prerequisite for all of Blok’s work.

Today we turn to a poem inspired by all kinds of images - symbols, “Stranger”. Analyzing the poem, you should see behind the outer row of images a second row that cannot be unambiguously interpreted. Hear the music of a poem, comprehend its deep essence, its invisible secret. And if possible, we will try to create a model of Blok’s work “The Stranger”.

II. Expressive Reading poems. (2–9 slides).

III. Goal setting. (10 slide).

The task before us is to create a model of the work based on the text of the poem. To do this you need to define:

time of writing the poem;
Key words – images – symbols (associations);
composition;
theme, (micro-themes);
How means of expression help to reveal the theme (microthemes) (be sure to pay attention to the sound design and color symbolism of the poem);
lyrical hero;
tie given verse. at all the poet's work, reveal the idea of the work to understand the worldview;
collect the material together: theme, symbol, keywords, associations, means of expression, add imagination, create a model that would reveal the main theme of the poem.

Individual task at the board: Color symbolism of the poem . (Student works with interactive whiteboard)

Individual task on the spot: one student purposefully follows the sound recording of the poem and inserts his comments during the commented reading.

IV. Step-by-step commented reading of the poem. The work is collective, with leading, guiding questions from the teacher, leading to certain thoughts among the students.

As they work, students fill out the table. (Appendix 1)

1. Describe the time the poem was written. (Slide 11. The slide opens after the students answer, then the table is filled in).

Student answers: 1906. During this period, the poet breaks with his Symbolist friends. His first love, LD Mendeleev, left him and went to his close friend, the poet Andrei Bely. Time of wars and revolutions. This is a verse. belongs to the period when “The Scary World” was written.

Generalizations from the teacher: It was born from wanderings around the St. Petersburg suburbs, from the impressions of a trip to the holiday village of Ozerki. The solemnly elevated mood after the poems about the Beautiful Lady is replaced by disappointment in reality, a feeling of anxiety for the world that needs saving.

2. Keywords– images – symbols of stanza 1. Associations.(12, 13 slides. Revealed as students answer. In a weak class, slides can be opened before answering, in order to guide reasoning).

Student answers: Hot air, restaurant, evening, pernicious spirit. Pictures of a “scary world”. Oxymoron – spring and pernicious. Blok’s setting is not just a restaurant, but a restaurant, as if all the dirt and vulgarity of the big city were concentrated in one place. Here we speak about the atmosphere of the city, about the scorching emptiness and hopelessness: “wild and deaf” - the city. The poet’s field of vision comes into view of the everyday life of city life, from which it becomes painful for the soul.

Generalizations and additions from the teacher: The absence of music meant for Blok a lack of life, deadness. The dissonance, which in many of Blok’s poems is at odds with the music of life, is a reflection of the anti-musicality of the “terrible world.” Expanded metaphor:

it's not just about the air, but about life, the wild and deaf crowd, oh human soul, deaf to beauty, truth, to life itself. For Blok's early lyrics it would have been absolutely impossible to combine evenings with restaurants; there it would have been an ugly confusion of lexical series. In “The Stranger,” this turned out to be possible, since life itself mixes the beautiful and the ugly.

3. Key words – images – symbols of stanza 2. Associations.(14 slide.)

Student answers: over the dust of the alley, over the boredom of country dachas, the pretzel of the bakery. The theme of gray everyday life continues, into which the “bakery pretzel is slightly golden” intrudes.

Student's answer color symbolism(15 slide Gray and black colors - the personification of some kind of mental crisis, stagnation, routine, instills feelings of hopelessness, death of the soul. The pretzel turns golden - perhaps some kind of light in the distance, hope, yellow changes to golden. Although for Blok the color yellow represents tragedy.

4. Key words – images – symbols of stanza 3. Associations. (16 slide)

Student answers: Among the ditches, tried-and-tested wits, oarlocks creaking, a woman’s squeal. Vulgar everyday life is depicted ironically. A barrier is a symbol of an obstacle. By blocking the way for people, he does not let them out of this vulgar circle of restaurant amusements. The repetitions convey the constancy of the depressing monotony, the suffocating boredom of bourgeois existence.

Student answer on sound writing (17 slide): In the paired lines of the third stanza there are only two sounds per strong position: a-s, i-s. In these same lines, multi-syllable words make reading difficult, and this well reflects the vulgar, painful situation that is described here. Alliteration in the description of a dirty street, a pile of rough consonant sounds.

Generalizations and additions from the teacher: Squealing was deeply consciously and painfully perceived by Blok as an anti-aesthetic sound - cutting, tearing the nerves, capable of killing the sensitive soul of an artist and a person.

5. How does the image of the lyrical hero appear before us? (18, 19 slides)

And in the sky, accustomed to everything, the disk is meaninglessly bent... The moon is like eternal symbol love, the companion of mystery, the romantic image becomes flat, like the jokes of “tested wits, grimaces, amazed by their unbearable vulgarity. The author calls the moon a disk.

Sleepy lackeys stick around, drunkards with rabbit eyes - the same theme of vulgarity continues, which the lyrical hero rejects.

Generalizations and additions from the teacher: The motive of these two stanzas is the despair of the loneliness of the lyrical hero. It sounds in a humble and bitter confession:

And every evening my only friend
Reflected in my glass
And tart and mysterious moisture,
Like me, humbled and stunned.

The lyrical hero is alone, surrounded by drunkards, he rejects this world that horrifies his soul, like a booth, in which there is no place for anything beautiful and holy.

6. Composition. How many parts can the poem be divided into? (20 slide)

Student answers: 2 parts. The first half of the poem paints a picture of smug and unbridled vulgarity; in the second part, a contrasting image of the Stranger appears.

Generalizations and additions from the teacher: The poem has two parts, and the main literary device is antithesis, opposition. In the first part - the dirt and vulgarity of the surrounding world, and in the second - a beautiful stranger; this composition allows you to convey main idea Blok: the image of a stranger transforms the poet, his poems and thoughts change.

(21 slides). Blok also explained where he saw the Stranger - it turns out, in Vrubel’s paintings: “Finally, what I (personally) call the “Stranger” appeared before me: a beautiful doll, a blue ghost, an earthly miracle... The Stranger is absolutely not just a lady in a black dress with ostrich feathers on her hat. This is a devilish alloy from many worlds, mainly blue and purple. If I had Vrubel’s means, I would have created a Demon, but everyone does what is assigned to him...” Blue Blok means stellar, high, unattainable; purple - alarming.

7. Images are symbols of the second part of the poem. (22 slide)

Student answers: every evening (anaphora), sleep, girlish form, in a foggy window. The image of fog further enhances the mystery of the Stranger’s appearance. The vocabulary is sublime. The transition to another picture is in direct contrast to the surrounding vulgarity.

Generalizations and additions of the teacher: Everything here is fragile, based on mystery, the soul is freed from the vulgar pressure of everyday life, flies away to other worlds, revealing treasures unknown to the world in its depths. The important thing is that the human soul came into contact for a moment with the world of beauty. We feel the sublime poetic perception of the lyrical hero, the charm and beauty of the mysterious heroine. This is not a real Stranger, but only a vision of the poet, an image created by his imagination.

8. Let’s compare the sound design of the second part with the first. (23 slide)

Student answers: The appearance of the Stranger (Lady from Space) is accompanied by rustling sounds. Logically, this can be explained by the fact that she is either wearing black silk (“black silk is noisy”) or with a train, but it can be compared to the arrival of something mysterious, inexplicable.

Assonances on A create a feeling of airiness of the image: “And every evening, at the appointed hour...”; “The girl’s figure, captured by silks, // In the fog (A) m moves (A) about (A) the sea...” and further. Assonances on “U” add sophistication to the image of the Stranger: “And I blow (U)t ancient beliefs // Her elastic silks, // And a hat with mourning feathers, // And in the rings of a narrow hand.”

9. Compare the vocabulary of the two parts. (24 slide)

Student answers: The vocabulary of the first stanza (“And every evening my only friend...”) is high, similar to the vocabulary of the second part of the poem. The vocabulary of the second stanza (“And next to the neighboring tables...”) is low (“lackeys”, “sticking out”, “drunkards”, “screaming”), gravitates towards the vocabulary of the first part. Thus, these two stanzas seem to hold together the parts of the poem, penetrating into the fabric of the lyrical narrative. In place of the everyday vocabulary of the first part are inspired lines that are striking in their musicality.

10. Find opposite images.

“The hot air is wild and deaf” - “Breathing with spirits and mists”; “female squeal” - “girlish figure”; “meaningless... disk” of the moon - “sun”; “the boredom of country dachas” - “the enchanted distance”; “ditches” - “bends” of the soul; “meaningless... disk” - “true”.

Generalizations and additions from the teacher: The image of the Stranger is filled with poetic charm, fenced off from the dirt of reality by the sublime perception of the lyrical hero.

She sits by the window.
And they breathe ancient beliefs
Her elastic silks
And a hat with mourning feathers,
And in the rings there is a narrow hand.

The dirt of the surrounding vulgar environment does not touch her, it seems to float above her, separated by silent loneliness, with its “mourning feathers.” She is like a messenger of another world, alien to everyone and everything, like Poetry and Femininity embodied.

11. What does the lyrical hero see and feel? (25 slide)

Student answers: Bottomless blue eyes, an enchanted shore, and an enchanted distance.

These are real women's eyes, full of secrets and charm, it is also a symbol of the eternal beauty of the world, spring and blooming, which still exists, despite the universal power of the stuffy city, exists even if only in a dream. The loneliness of the heroes sets them apart from the crowd, attracts them to each other: And chained by a strange closeness...

Behind this real or imaginary appearance, the lyrical hero sees “an enchanted shore and an enchanted distance.” Shore is a symbol of Blok, the meaning of which is new life, new discoveries, new understanding of life and poetry. This association takes on the meaning of a real-life opportunity to sail to the other shore of life, to go into the “enchanted distance” from vulgarity, which a minute ago seemed invincible.

Silent secrets have been entrusted to me,
Someone's sun was handed to me...
The sun is a symbol of Femininity, a symbol of happiness, love.

Generalizations and additions of the teacher: The last stanza completes the revolution in the soul of the lyrical hero, is built on the understanding of the revolution that has taken place in the soul and the rethinking of the established, familiar, speaks of his chosenness, of the incorruptibility of the beautiful ideal:

There is a treasure in my soul,
And the key is entrusted only to me!
You're right, drunken monster!
I know: the truth is in the wine.

The discovery of poetry, initiation into the secrets of the charm of another world, albeit in the imagination, is established as truth. Thus, beauty, truth and poetry are linked in an inseparable unity.

12. The connection of the poem with other works of Blok.

V. Conclusion of the lesson.

As the conversation progressed and the poem was analyzed, a table was filled out, in which all the important details for a complete understanding of the poem were noted.

Modeling is only one of the techniques for analyzing a poem. The order of work is very similar to the order of interpretation of a poem. By paying attention to details, penetrating into the subtext of the work, describing our feelings, we create a model, based on which we can write an essay based on the poem.

Let's highlight these key points:

What is the theme of the poem?

Basic principle of construction? (Antithesis - opposition)

What are the symbols - images in verse?

How do expressive means help reveal the theme of a poem?

What is the place of the lyrical hero in the work?

How is this poem connected with the poet’s entire work?

VI. The result of the lesson is a model of a poem - a video. (Video based on Blok’s poem “Stranger”).

VII. Homework.

Option 1. Essay-interpretation of Blok’s poem “Stranger”.

Option 2. Model of the poem.

Literature.

1. Blok A.A. Selected works. - L., 1970.

2. V.V. Agenosov. Russian literature of the 20th century. 11th grade. M.: Bustard, 2000.

3. Literature lessons in 11th grade. Book for teachers. Lyrics by A.A. Blok. M.: Education, 2005.

Linguistic analysis of A. Blok’s poem “Stranger”

In the evenings above the restaurants
The hot air is wild and deaf,
And rules with drunken shouts
Spring and pernicious spirit.

In the distance, above the dust of the alley,
Above the boredom of country dachas,
The bakery's pretzel is slightly golden,
And a child's cry is heard.

And every evening, behind the barriers,
Breaking the pots,
Walking among the ditches with the ladies
Tested wits.

And a woman's squeal is heard.
The disk is bent senselessly.

And every evening my only friend.
Reflected in my glass.
Like me, humbled and stunned.

And next to the neighboring tables
Sleepy lackeys hang around,
And drunkards with rabbit eyes
"In vino veritas!" they scream.

And every evening, at the appointed hour

A window moves through a foggy window.

And slowly, walking between the drunks,
Always without companions, alone,
Breathing spirits and mists,
She sits by the window.

And they breathe ancient beliefs
Her elastic silks
And in the rings there is a narrow hand.

And chained by a strange intimacy,
I look behind the dark veil,
And I see the enchanted shore,
And the enchanted distance.

Silent secrets have been entrusted to me,
Someone's sun was handed to me,
And all the souls of my bend
Tart wine pierced.

And ostrich feathers bowed.
My brain is swinging,
And blue bottomless eyes
They bloom on the far shore.

There's a treasure in my soul
And the key is entrusted only to me!
You're right, drunken monster!
I know: the truth is in the wine.

April 24, 1906. Ozerki

The poem “Stranger” (1906) is one of the masterpieces of Russian poetry. It was born from wanderings around the St. Petersburg suburbs, from the impressions of a trip to the holiday village of Ozerki. Much in the poem is directly transferred from here: the creaking of rowlocks, a woman’s squeal, a restaurant, the dust of alleys, barriers - all the squalor, boredom, vulgarity. Blok also explained where he saw the Stranger - it turns out, in Vrubel’s paintings: “Finally, what I call “The Stranger” appeared before me: a beautiful doll, a blue ghost, an earthly miracle... The Stranger is not just a lady in black dress with ostrich feathers on the hat. This is a devilish alloy from many worlds, mainly blue and purple. If I had Vrubel’s means, I would have created a Demon, but everyone does what is assigned to him...” For Blok, the blue color means the stellar, the lofty, the unattainable; purple – alarming.

1906 - the period became a time of amazing knowledge and discoveries for Blok. The poet peers with increasing attention into the realities of everyday life around him and captures the disharmony of life. It’s as if Blok is waking up from a deep and sweet sleep, life wakes him up mercilessly, and the reality revealed to the poet does not allow him to fall back into sleep, forcing the creator to pay attention to himself and draw conclusions. The work “Stranger” becomes a unique reflection of the poet’s thoughts and feelings, his response to difficult reality; in it, an inexorable craving for love and the light of human relationships borders on the world of vulgarity and philistine everyday life.

The poem “Stranger” is also interesting for its composition. It consists, as it were, of two parts: the first is the reality of the vulgar world, the second is the romantic ideal bursting into this reality.

The poem has a descriptive beginning, consistency, and leisurely construction of artistic details; there is a semblance of plot, which allowed researchers to consider the poem as a ballad.

The poem is built on the contrast of good and evil, desired and given, pictures and images, contrasted and reflected in each other. Reality here borders on the sublimity of dreams. Blok does not hide his disgust for vulgarity surrounding life and paints a picture of comparisons and combinations that is difficult to imagine: the hot air, associated with movement and heat, is “wild and deaf” for the poet, and the “spring spirit”, symbolizing the beginning of something new, turns out to be “pernicious”, “tested wits “walking with the ladies somewhere, from “among the ditches”, on the streets - “drunk shouts”, over the lake - “female squeals”, even the moon is deprived of its usual romantic halo and “curls senselessly” The first part paints a picture of smug, unbridled vulgarity , whose signs are artistic details. The beginning conveys general atmosphere and her perception by the lyrical hero:

In the evenings above the restaurants
The hot air is wild and deaf,
And rules with drunken shouts
Spring and pernicious spirit.

The poem is written disyllabic meter The verse is iambic (that is, the stress falls on even syllables). Used successfully by the author cross rhyme ABAB (rhyming lines appear alternately)

Morphological and lexical-semantic analysis. Paths. In the poem we see not just an evening restaurant, but a space where “the hot air is wild and deaf,” where the “spring and pernicious spirit” rules over general gloom, insensibility, and blindness. Here boredom and the inertia of monotonous fun took on the character of a repeating circular rotation that sucks people in. The words from the poem speak about automatic repetition, the whirling of life in some kind of wheel: “And every evening.” They were even repeated three times. Their meaning is strengthened by two details - “the disk, accustomed to everything, senselessly curves” (the circle, the ball of the moon) and the human conglomerate - “tested wits.” These are people who repeat gestures and jokes that are obviously far from novel. And they repeat them “among the ditches”

By repeating the conjunction “and”, a feeling of hopelessness and vicious circle: “And the spring and pernicious spirit rules over drunken cries,” “And a child’s cry is heard,” “And a woman’s squeal is heard.” The same effect is achieved using anaphora ( stylistic figure, consisting in the repetition of the same elements at the beginning of each row) in the third, fifth and seventh stanzas of the poem (“And every evening”). The world depicted by the author is disgusting and scary, and the hero finds his solace in wine (“And with tart and mysterious moisture, how humble and stunned I am”).

You can easily notice that with all the abundance of verbs of movement, presence - “walking”, “rowlocks creaking”, “sticking out”, “the bakery pretzel is golden” - there is precisely no movement or active (not sleepy) presence of people. However, all verbs are used by the author in the present tense.

But then she appears - a beautiful stranger. She is completely shrouded in mystery, half-real, half-mysterious. And the hero, who has lost faith in life, regains hope. “Ancient beliefs” are revealed to him, “dark secrets” are entrusted to him, and “someone’s sun” is handed over. There is no longer room for despair and sadness in his mind; behind the dark veil of a mysterious woman he sees “an enchanted shore and an enchanted distance.” Thus, in a contrasting comparison of the first and second parts of the poem, A. Blok was able to show the conflict between what is desired and what is given, ideal and reality.

The poem has many opposing images, that is, there is an antithesis (a stylistic figure that serves to enhance the expressiveness of speech by sharply contrasting concepts, thoughts, images): “The hot air is wild and deaf” - “Breathing with spirits and mists”; “female squeal” - “girlish figure”; “meaningless disk” of the moon – “sun”; “the boredom of country dachas” - “the enchanted distance”; “ditches” - “bends” of the soul; "meaningless disk" - "true".

The poem contains an oxymoron (a stylistic figure consisting of a combination of two concepts that contradict each other, logically excluding one another, as a result of which a new semantic quality arises). It combines epithets that have opposite meanings – spring and pernicious. Vulgar everyday life is depicted ironically:

And every evening, behind the barriers,
Breaking the pots,
Walking among the ditches with the ladies
Tested wits.
Rowlocks creak over the lake,
And a woman's squeal is heard...

Vulgarity infects everything around with its corrupting spirit. Even the moon, the eternal symbol of love, the companion of mystery, the romantic image becomes flat, like the jokes of “tested wits”:
And in the sky, accustomed to everything,
The disk is bent senselessly.

The second part of the poem is a transition to another picture, contrasted with the vulgarity of the first. The motive of these two stanzas is the siren despair, the loneliness of the lyrical hero:
And every evening my only friend
Reflected in my glass
And tart and mysterious moisture,
Like me, humbled and stunned.

This only friend is a reflection, the second “I” of the hero. And around only sleepy lackeys and “drunkards with rabbit eyes”

The vocabulary of the poem is varied. In first place in terms of frequency are nouns, thanks to which the reader can clearly imagine a picture of what is happening, followed by adjectives that characterize persons, phenomena, objects, and, finally, verbs, thanks to which sounds are heard. Often in the poem there is a preposition over, which is used mainly with word forms with spatial meaning. There are many concrete nouns (pots, ditches, feathers, lake and others) along with which material ones (wine) appear. For example, in describing a beauty the author uses concrete nouns: “a hat with mourning feathers”, “a narrow hand in rings”, perfume. Many nouns are combined with epithets, which are in second place in frequency: “hot air is wild and deaf”, “corruptive spirit”, alley dust, “tested wits”, conveying a certain atmosphere of the situation in which the heroine is located. At the same time, the Stranger is a messenger of other worlds, the “far shore.” Behind her dark veil, the lyrical hero sees “an enchanted shore and an enchanted distance,” that is, the poem contains nouns that are combined with romantic epithets. Since the time of romantic lyrics, the image of the shore has signified a harmonious, free, but unattainable world.

The vocabulary of the first stanza (“And every evening my only friend…”) is high, similar to the vocabulary of the second part of the poem.

The vocabulary of the second stanza (“And next to the autumn tables...” is low (“lackeys”, “stick out”, “drunkards”, “screaming”), gravitates towards the vocabulary of the first part. Thus, these two stanzas seem to hold together the parts of the poem, penetrating into the fabric of the lyrical narrative. In the second part of the poem there is an archaism (outdated for a certain era, a word that has fallen out of use) eyes, which gives the poem and the image a certain sublimity. It is characteristic that the everyday, common word eyes, and even rabbit ones, are not at all bottomless. to drunkards, and the sublime word eyes (and even blue, bottomless ones) was given to the Stranger.

Main image appears in the second part. But, apart from the title of the poem, it is not directly indicated anywhere. For the third time, the line begins with the words “And every evening...” (anaphora is a stylistic figure that consists of repeating the same elements at the beginning of the poem). Constant vulgarity, depicted in the first part, but a constant and beautiful vision, a dream, an inaccessible ideal: “Or is this just me dreaming?” The heroine is devoid of realistic features; she is entirely shrouded in silks, perfumes, mists, and mystery. This image is full of poetic charm, fenced off from the dirt of reality by the sublime perception of the lyrical hero:

And they breathe ancient beliefs
Her elastic silks
And a hat with mourning feathers,
And in the rings there is a narrow hand.

The mysterious stranger is alien to the surrounding reality; she is Poetry and Femininity embodied. And she, too, is “always without companions, alone.” The loneliness of the heroes makes them stand out from the crowd and attracts them to each other:

And shackled by strange intimacy
I'm looking for dark veil,
And I see the enchanted shore
And the enchanted distance.

The desired “enchanted shore” is nearby, but if you stretch out your hand, it floats away. The lyrical hero feels his dedication to “deep secrets”, his consciousness fills magical image:
And bowed ostrich feathers
My brain is shaking,
And blue, bottomless eyes
They bloom on the far shore.

The poetic result is in the last stanza: the world born of the poet’s imagination is devoid of specific outlines, fragile and unsteady. But this is his “treasure”, the only salvation and hope that helps him live. Last stanza completes the revolution in the soul of the lyrical hero, speaks of his chosenness, of the incorruptibility of a beautiful ideal. And it is impossible to read the lines at the same time without sadness full of hope and faith, despair and melancholy:

There's a treasure in my soul
And the key is entrusted only to me!
You're right, drunken monster!
I know the truth is in wine.

A guessed secret that opened the possibility of another, have a wonderful life“on the far shore,” far from the vulgarity of reality, is accepted as a “treasure” found. Wine is also a symbol of revelation, the key to the secrets of beauty. Beauty, truth and poetry find themselves in an inseparable unity.

In the poem “Stranger,” the astral maiden brought the mystical world closer to reality, and with her the unreal world of “ancient beliefs” penetrates into the restaurant world.

Now not only she is the chosen one, but also the lyrical hero is the chosen one. Both of them are lonely. Not only she, but also he is entrusted with “deep secrets.” Despite this, the poem contained a romantic theme of the impossibility of connection kindred spirits. However, in the poem, the tragic solution to this theme acquired an additional tone - it was given self-irony: the hero suggests whether the Stranger is a game of a “drunk monster.” Irony allowed the lyrical hero to find a compromise between reality and illusion. But this compromise is still impossible between the Stranger and suburban life; the wonderful maiden leaves him. She and reality are two poles between which the lyrical hero resides.

In the poem, not only the artistic details of everyday life and “deep secrets” constitute a contrast, not only the plot about the Stranger is based on opposition - her appearance and disappearance, but also the phonetic series of the poem is built on the principle of contrast. The harmony of vowels, consonant with the image of the Stranger, contrasts with the dissonant, rigid combinations of consonants, thanks to which the image of reality is created.

Parsing. The conjunction a in the second part of the poem marks not only the two-part nature of the poem, but also the opposition of these parts, a contrasting composition. Throughout the poem, the most frequent are complex sentences connected connecting union and thanks to which a feeling of hopelessness is created. In stanzas 1,3,5,7 there are syntactic repetitions (every evening). This signals the similarity of the compositional and thematic functions of these lines. Also thanks lexical repetition one gets the impression that the author uses syntactic parallelism in his poem (the same syntactic construction proposals). IN this text also used simple sentences With homogeneous members, mostly predicates that perform very important role: they represent the action in a multifaceted way, which means more accurately. For example: “I look, I see.” The inversion ( reverse order words): “deep secrets have been entrusted to me”, “there is a treasure in my soul” and many others that enhance the expressiveness of speech, highlight the most important words and increase intonation expressiveness due to the fact that important words in speech are transferred to the beginning of the sentence. Inversion also contributes to the expressiveness of speech minor members: “hot air”, “corruptive spirit”, “female screeching”, “girlish figure”, “ancient beliefs”, “deep secrets”. The intonation of the poem is calm. Blok often uses commas and periods to indicate completeness of thought. And only at the end of the poem are they used exclamation marks, which express confidence, emotionality, make the ending dramatic, clearly reflecting the whole state of the “crossroads”, the impassability in which the poet lived at that time - in the conflict of feelings that the Stranger awakened in the hero’s soul, and a kind of powerlessness when this hero reluctantly, sluggishly, but still agrees with the cry of a “drunken monster.” On the one hand, “I have been entrusted with deep secrets,” “I see an enchanted shore.” On the other hand, the will to oblivion, some kind of sad and tragic, forced concession to the evil world, concluded in agreement with those who are always “nearby at neighboring tables”:

You're right, drunken monster!
I know: the truth is in the wine.

Phonetic analysis . The phonetic part of the analysis is the most formal, since the sound organization of the text does not have such an obvious and direct connection with its content as, for example, the lexical-semantic organization. Meanwhile, phonetic means perform very important functions as in creating integrity poetic work, and in the expression of its thematic development.
Phonetic means create the sound unity of the text. This is expressed as a percentage of consonants and vowels. In the poem, the most frequent are noisy consonants: plosives 34%, sonorants 26%, fricatives 18%. The predominant vowels are: vowels back row middle rise 16 (O), followed by middle vowels of the lower rise 15 (A), as well as front vowels top lift 15 (I), and the back vowels of the upper rise occur 7 times. (U). The appearance of the heroine is accompanied by a sound recording of rare beauty. The poem contains assonance (repetition of vowel sounds) and alliteration (repetition of consonant sounds), creating a feeling of airiness of the image: “And every evening, at the appointed hour...”; “The girl’s body, captured by silks, moves in the fog (A) about (A) kne”. Assonances on y add sophistication to the image of the Stranger: And I blow (U)t with ancient beliefs Her elastic silks, And a hat with mourning feathers, And a narrow hand in rings.

The phonetics of the poem expresses the plasticity of the image of the Stranger: the hissing words convey the penetration of the heroine dressed in silk into the bustle of everyday life.

The poet very sensitively heard music in everything that surrounded him, and tried to fill each of his creations with it. So the whole “Stranger” is built on a musical antithesis. In order to verify this, it is necessary to compare the beginnings of the first and second parts of the poem:
In the evenings, above restaurants
The hot air is wild and deaf.

The poet deliberately piles up difficult-to-pronounce consonants p, v, ch, r, d, s.t and others and uses the stressed vowels a, o, u, i.e in an unregulated manner. All this gives the first part a discordant sound, which is opposed by the harmony of the second:

And every evening at the appointed hour
(Or am I just dreaming?),
The girl's figure, captured by silks,
A window moves through a foggy window.

Here Blok minimizes unpronounceable consonants, turning to sonorous l, m, n, r. And the repetition of hissing and whistling ch, w, s is reminiscent of the rustling of silk. At the same time, the poet turns to repetitions of the vowels a, i, o, u, and thereby achieves the melodious sound of the verse. Thus, we can conclude that the poem is unique in content and poetics.

A researcher of A. Blok’s work, A.V. Ternovsky, emphasized the extreme difference between the sound and lexical matter of the first part of the poem (before the appearance of the Stranger) and the second, when it slowly passes “between the drunken”: “In the first part we have a deliberate accumulation of unpronounceable consonants (For example, “In the evenings above the restaurants, the hot air is wild and dull-pvchrm ndrstrnm grch sigh dk ghl). The vocabulary of this part is emphatically “grounded”, the assessments are negative character(“the air is wild and deaf”, “drunken shouts”, “the dust of the alley”, “breaking pots”, “the creaking of rowlocks”, “a woman’s squeal” and even the lunar disk “curls senselessly.” The difference between the second part and the first is obvious already at the level her sound instrumentation. The poet minimizes sibilants, giving preference to sonorants l, r, mn. At the same time, he uses repetitions of vowels. The poet’s visual power is so great that it no longer matters whether “The Stranger was a vision of the hero in a drunken oblivion.”

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Literature.

Egorova N.V. " Lesson-based developments on Russian literature", M, "Vako", 2005.
Mints N.G. "Blok and Russian symbolism", 1980.
Ternovsky A.V. “Creativity of A.A. Blok”, M, 1989.

Poem by A.A. Blok “Neznokomka” was written in 1906. In this poem, the poet combines two worlds. In one, a “corruptive spirit” predominates, and “drunkards with rabbit eyes” sit at the tables. This first part of the poem reflects the unflattering side of the suburbs of St. Petersburg. The descriptions of this part can be compared with A. Blok’s poem “Factory”. That is, the first part of the poem “Neznokomka” refers to the theme of the “terrible world”, which is important for the poet’s work.

The author of the poem draws attention to a society that is losing moral principles and lives only by desires. Witties appear who “walk with the ladies among the ditches.” These are not mysterious strangers, but girls of easy virtue who will laugh at anyone’s jokes for the sake of money. The poet fills his description with sounds: somewhere “a woman’s squeal is heard,” and behind the barrier one can hear crying, “drunkards” are screaming in the restaurant. The lyrical character of the poem says that he is deafened, that is, he first indicates the number of sounds, and then says that they deafened him.

The second part of the poem is a contrast “ scary world" An image appears that is not associated with all the horror of the restaurant. This part is connected with another theme in the poet’s lyrics “a poem about beautiful lady" The stranger breathes spirits and mists, her world is completely different. She came from the “enchanted distance.” The poet is not even sure whether the beautiful woman is real or just a figment of his imagination. In the penultimate quatrain, it becomes more and more obvious that the girl at the table ceases to be a distinct image: “And bottomless blue eyes // Bloom on the far shore.”

As a result, the author is again transported to the world of reality, where his intoxicated mind begins to think in a different way. The author admits that “the truth is in the wine,” essentially making a reference to the fact that he is the same drunkard as other visitors to the establishment. Whether the mysterious lady is a reality or an illusion will never be known to the lyrical character or the reader.

Analysis of the poem Stranger briefly

The great writer of the twentieth century, Alexander Blok, wrote the poem “Stranger” in 1906. It is this work of the poet that is considered the most romantic, and therefore the best. The work “The Stranger” is very romantic, and this is not without reason, because Alexander Blok once experienced certain time – family drama. After all, his wife, whom he loved and respected very much, went to another person - to Alexander Bely, who was also a poet.

Alexander Blok could not survive this, because he was abandoned and betrayed by a man who was once so dear and beloved. Naturally, nothing could be changed, but the poet was very worried, since, in addition, his male pride and self-esteem were greatly hurt. Therefore, Blok began to experience the moment when he began to go to various pubs and bars, where he could get very drunk in order to forget from grief. It was in that one establishment where everyone was drinking, partying and debauching that Alexander met a creature who caused a storm of emotions in his heart, the main one of which was admiration. It was this feeling that made him write this poem, which was soon called “Stranger.” And not without reason, because the block never found out who was hiding behind the sweat of this lonely and fragile woman. Yes, it was a woman who, however, never drank. She just constantly regularly went to the establishment and sat near the window, although it was clear that she herself was experiencing some kind of grief, and nevertheless, she never drank alcohol, while other men and women got drunk.

In the work, the poet first describes the entire atmosphere of the beer establishment, when suddenly a tender and fragile woman appears, whose face is hidden under the veil of a hat. This woman is unknown to anyone, but what is clear is that she constantly, without passes, goes to this particular establishment. This impression makes her even more mysterious. She - strong woman, who, while experiencing grief, still does not drink, while others simply get drunk, especially men. In this situation, Blok singles her out alone, since she is like a ray of light in all this dirt.

Analysis of the poem Stranger by Blok

The poem “Stranger” was written by the great Russian poet Alexander Blok in 1906. It was one of his best creative works. The poem was determined by the poet’s personal tragedy, and to some extent it became fateful in his life. It intertwines romance, love and nostalgia.

The background of the poem “Stranger” had a real sensation. Alexander Blok, during the period of writing this poem, experienced absolute mental suffering in connection with the betrayal of his own wife with another Russian poet - Alexander Bely.

Alexander Alexandrovich Blok could not come to terms with this fact and soon he became addicted to alcohol. He could spend hours, or even days on end, in various squalid drinking establishments. They seemed to him very meager and unremarkable, but all the same, for some reason he was drawn to such places. And it was in such a place that he took a liking to one special lady who came every evening in the same outfit, sat down at the same table, and gave herself a view from the window of this establishment, while she herself was filled with sadness.

She stood out in all areas and, according to Alexander Blok’s beliefs, did not belong to the castes of the poor and poor. It was the image of this lady that prompted the great Russian poet to create the poem “Stranger.” Perhaps Alexander Blok saw in this stranger some important feeling for himself. In any case, after writing the poem “Stranger,” his life was filled with a sense of spirituality, and he never again began to treat his problems so sensitively.

In the poem “Stranger,” the author describes the spirit of the surrounding environment of a dacha drinking village. He describes all the dirt and stench, as well as the melancholy that fills this establishment. There is an atmosphere of debauchery in this restaurant, and the people there are absurd. The lyrical hero of this poem completely loses his mind over himself. He seeks salvation at the bottom of the glass and at the same time craves loneliness.

He feels uncomfortable in a crowd of drunken visitors and moves away from them. He no longer believes in anything, there is melancholy in his soul and outside the window. The world seems somehow hopeless. But one day our hero sees her, that same stranger, because of whom his entire idea of the world changes. Mysterious and unique, she is like a ray of hope in this sinful world.

She makes the hero of the poem look down on life again. And now before us is no longer some drunkard who has lost the meaning of life, but a person who has gained hope and faith in himself. True romance unfolds in his soul, an impulse flares up emotional feelings. Now nothing will convince him. He will continue to live in hope for the best.

It turns out that in order to radically rethink your life, sometimes you need to go through a lot, and sometimes the most difficult. This shows how limitless a person is in his capabilities, because any, even the smallest detail, can create in a person a feeling of sincerity and warmth. The hero of this poem rethought his life and went out to new stage its formation.

Full, comprehensive analysis. 11th grade

Analysis of the poem Stranger according to plan

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Analysis of the poem by A.A. Block "Stranger"

Conventionally, the poem can be divided into two parts. In the first part, the author describes the dacha village with all its views that evoke melancholy and hopelessness. In the second - the reflections of the lyrical hero and the image of the Beautiful Stranger.

Describe the atmosphere holiday village maybe as soulless, ordinary, dreary. Despite the fact that its inhabitants seem to be having fun, but at the same time their entertainment does not cause any positive emotions and interest neither the author nor the lyrical hero of the poem. The author emphasizes:

And in the sky, accustomed to everything
The disk is bent senselessly

that even the omnipresent sun was bored with this state of affairs.

The lyrical hero has a clear disgust for everything that happens around him. He is trying to relieve his melancholy and loneliness. He lost faith in beauty, in spirituality, in goodness. The landscape surrounding him puts unbearable pressure on his delicate nature. The hero suffers from loneliness, but at the same time does not want to brighten it up in a crowd of drunks.

And being in such a depressed state of mind, the lyrical hero sees her - a Beautiful Stranger, shrouded in a fog of mystery, but he does not try to dispel this mystery. In all this dreary everyday life, she becomes a symbol of beauty, romance, and high feelings. The hero's soul changes, the verse changes. Sharp rhymes are replaced by melody. It is impossible to say who the Stranger really is, perhaps she is just a woman, but due to the huge contrast with the general landscape, she becomes the ideal of femininity and beauty, a symbol of what the world and the hero lack so much - love, spirituality, beauty, romance.

Experiencing all these deep feelings, the lyrical hero understands that not everything is lost for him, that there is still a chance to break out of this routine, that only he can destroy it for himself. This is his path and his mission.

In addition to analyzing the excellent poem “Stranger,” it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with other works:

“Russia”, analysis of Blok’s poem
“The Twelve”, analysis of the poem by Alexander Blok
“Factory”, analysis of Blok’s poem
“Rus”, analysis of Blok’s poem
“Summer Evening”, analysis of Blok’s poem
“Dawn”, analysis of Blok’s poem