Finnish language yourself from scratch. New! Finnish language on your own, detailed overview of resources

First, let's talk a little about phonetics.
The meaning of the sound does not change depending on where in the word the letter indicating this sound. In the Finnish language, each sound always corresponds to the same letter in writing. Long sounds are designated by two identical letters and have a distinctive meaning:

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Vowels (vokaalit)

You can learn and listen to the names of the letters of the alphabet and their pronunciation on the website
http://donnerwetter.kielikeskus.helsinki.fi/finnishforforeigners/ch1-en/ch1-gr-aakkoset.html.

There are a lot of other audio files on this site, but they are difficult to load. Therefore, I decided to write down for you words and phrases automatically generated by Google translator. I hope they will help you in your training process.

Now practice saying simple words for single and double vowels:

At the initial stage, I studied from a book and as a result I learned the pronunciation of the letter incorrectly e, I pronounced it like Russian E, but how to E. The melody of the words immediately changes. Many Russian speakers instead ä They say I, and instead y - Yu. It immediately hurts the ears. Pay attention to this.

Now practice pronouncing front and back vowels:

1. auto - car
2. bussi - bus
3. huone - room
4. talo - house
5. kissa - cat
6. koira - dog
7. huono - bad
8. hyvä - good
9. iso - large
10. pieni - small
11. kukka - flower
12. kuva - picture
13. kello - watch
14. kirja - book
15. musta - black
16. valkoinen - white
17. uusi - new
18. vanha - old
19. pöytä - table
20. tuoli - chair

Finnish is called one of the difficult languages, but this should not scare a beginner. We talked to those who study it and found out how to memorize words, when to start watching films in the original, and why it is important to train spoken language.

Is it difficult to learn Finnish?

Anna Filatova, lived in Finland for three years and studied Finnish, now actively teaching it in St. Petersburg:

– For a Russian-speaking student, some sounds of the Finnish language may seem difficult at first: first of all, these are the vowels ä, ö, y. Need to get used to the fact that a word can contain double vowels and consonants, and if you pronounce them briefly, the meaning of the word will completely change. For example, mato (worm) and matto (carpet), tuuli (wind), tuli (fire) and tulli (customs), rapu (crayfish) and rappu (ladder). When you are just starting to learn a language, immediately pay attention to the endings of cases. There are many of them, but remembering them with practice is not so difficult. For example, the ending -ssa expresses our preposition “in”: talo - house, talossa - in the house.

Yulia Fedorova, a student from Veliky Novgorod, is studying Finnish in special courses:

– Finnish is a really difficult language. It will be difficult for a Russian speaker not to soften his pronunciation and pronounce deep “a” and “o”. It's hard to imagine that Finnish does not have a future tense or the usual prepositions. Finns also perceive space a little differently, so a Russian-speaking student may experience confusion in cases. Besides Finnish, I study English and French. So far I have only found similarities in the pronunciation of the Finnish “u” and the French “u”. Still, Finnish and Russian are more similar to each other, especially grammatically.

Is spoken language necessary?

Anna Filatova:

– Spoken Finnish is very different from the literary one: it has a lot of abbreviations, substitutions of some letters for others, and even whole words can be replaced. For example, pronouns are shortened: minä (I) becomes mä, and sinä (you) becomes sä. Hän (he, she) and he (they) become se and ne. The verbs also change: minä tarvitsen (I need) turns into mä tartten, minä tiedän (I know) into mä tien. Conversational Finnish should be learned as early as possible, when you already know the necessary basics. This is a living, everyday language. Without knowing the spoken language, you can read literature, but it is simply impossible to communicate and understand native speakers!

Julia Tapio, student of Finnish Language and Literature, Karelian language", studies Finnish for six months:

– At the university we are slowly getting used to colloquial speech, but in general, for now we speak the classical language - at the initial stage this is enough. Then we will definitely take classes spoken language is necessary to communicate and to be able to fit into any company in Finland.  It is better to immediately train the language with a native speaker. Finns will be respectful and speak slowly if they see that the person in front of them is at an entry level. It’s exciting, but you get used to the speech, intonation stresses and grammatical structures.

How to understand grammar and remember words

Anna Filatova:

– There are things that you just need to memorize - types of names and verbs, formation of stems, endings of cases. But if you just memorize, there will be no use - it is important to use new things right away. Try to understand the logic of the language and grasp the connections. Finnish is logical, and many rules overlap in seemingly completely different topics. For example, the letter “i” is an indicator plural names and simple past tense of verbs. That is, before this letter, the same changes will occur in the stems of both nouns and verbs.

Finnish vocabulary is not easy to remember: words sometimes don’t resemble anything at all, and no associations come to them. But in all languages, I would recommend remembering words in context - that is, not one word, but a phrase. So some image is immediately “attached” to the word. Let's say we saw a new word - omena (apple) and wrote down for ourselves: vihreä omena (green apple) or syön omenaa (I eat an apple). For each topic, I prepare cards for my students with words in free application Quizlet. There is different modes repetition, you can make lists of words yourself and then study them. Of course, repetition, reading and practice work too - listen, read and communicate.

It is important to watch videos, listen to native speakers and learn to perceive by ear, memorize speech patterns, and expand your vocabulary. When learning a language, you don’t need to give excuses like “I’m still far from it,” “I’m still just starting,” “it’s still difficult for me,” and “I’ll get to level X, then I’ll read/listen/watch.” So the study will drag on for a long time. You need to start with simple materials, and the teacher will advise you and select according to your level. Then you can gradually complicate it, and, for example, introduce Youtube bloggers in Finnish to understand the spoken language, and start watching movies.

Julia Tapio:

– If on initial stages When studying, build logical chains, then it will be easier to learn the language. You can draw diagrams, hold printouts from textbooks before your eyes, and make associations. Finnish has many loanwords: banaani, appelsiini, presidentti. Interesting point– Finnish word formation: with us words are formed using suffixes and prefixes, but with them two words can be combined into one. For example, the funny word sohvaperuna: literally means sofa potato, but is translated as “homebody.” Another feature: in Russian we buy “where”, and Finns buy “from where” (from the store - kaupasta). We say “on the phone,” Finns say “on the phone” (puhelimeen). It can be confusing sometimes, but there are some things you just have to remember.

Yulia Fedorova:

– When I study vocabulary, I try to make sound associations with the objects that the words represent. Finnish has Russian loanwords, for example, ikkuna, vapaa, siisti (window, free, clean). It is also interesting to find gap words in Finnish that do not have full translation into Russian: niska – “back neck”, kaula – “front neck”, räntä – “rain and snow”. Such vocabulary helps to better understand Finnish culture.

Resources to Learn

Anna Filatova:

– I would recommend from textbooks modern manuals Finnish publishing houses: Suomen mestari, Hyvin menee, Harjoitus tekee mestarin, Sammalla kartalla. The last two textbooks are good for intermediate level, for expansion vocabulary and development of speaking skills. But one textbook is not enough. There are many resources in simplified Finnish that beginners can understand. This includes news, stories, and texts on different topics– many of them can be listened to.

Finnish language online, Finnish language courses and lessons on the websites of Finnish universities and linguistic centers.

Here is a selection of online materials for learning Finnish, prepared by Finnish educational institutions for foreigners. Hardly online course s and lessons are suitable for self-study language - after all, the comments and grammar are presented in Finnish, but they will be a wonderful help to those who are taking regular courses or already know the basics of the language.

Finnish online at Supisuomea

Finnish language online at. The Finnish language and culture course for foreigners was developed jointly with the Finnish state broadcaster YLE. It is thanks to her that videos of online lessons They are filmed beautifully and professionally, and the comments and texts accompanying the videos make learning much easier.

Lessons are set to everyday situations and getting to know the Finnish mentality. The skits and dialogues include both literary and spoken Finnish. Each online Finnish lesson is accompanied by a video; grammar and interactive exercises with answers. There is a small Finnish-Russian dictionary.

Beginner course Tavataan taas

The online course is designed for beginners to learn Finnish from scratch. The first part of the course consists of basic Finnish words with English translation, used in the simplest everyday situations. Voiced individual words And short phrases, they are convenient for practicing pronunciation.

Second part with dialogues entry level And short texts introduces basic Finnish grammar. Standard topics for study: meetings, friends, Finland, Helsinki, excursions, shopping, restaurant, hotel with translation into English.

Finnish online resource includes long and rather complex spoken texts or short stories about Finland. A professional speaker reads Finnish quickly; you may have to listen to the text more than once to fully understand it.

For the convenience of students, it is possible to read the text and also listen to it in parts. Each passage comes with comprehension exercises, some grammar, a Finnish-English dictionary and a verb conjugation table.

Online course topics: Finnish holidays and customs, cities and provinces of Finland, history of the country, seasons, theater, sauna, etc.

Self-instruction manual Kielikompassi

The Finnish language on the Kielikeskus website is intended for self-study. Online Finnish language course for foreigners prepared by the linguistic center of the University of Jyväskylä.

Self-instruction manual, exercises, grammar, spoken language, texts for listening and tasks for testing. Comments in Finnish and English.

Russian-Finnish audio phrasebook

13 conversation topics

Format: MP3 (zip)
Size: 117 MB

Finnish for Russians

Martsina I.Yu.
Moscow, Moscow State University Publishing House, 1995
The textbook consists of an introduction (an overview of the phonetics and morphology of the Finnish language) and the actual 26 lessons of the Finnish language. The lessons contain texts with thematic vocabulary, translations of these texts into Russian, grammatical explanations and exercises. Keys to the exercises are given at the end of the textbook.

Format:
Size: 39.52 MB

Tarkistä tästä

Verb control. Complete collection.

Format: PDF
Size: 36.69 MB

A Guide to Finnish Verbs

suomen verbien rektiota

Format: tif
Size: 1.19 MB (zip)

Finnish Basics - Grammar Guide

Format: HTML (zip)
Size: 1.11 MB

Finnish for beginners. Self-instruction manual. Phrasebook

Igor Krotov - M.: Iris-press, 2008.

A very good tutorial. Excellent scan quality.
Description:
The manual consists of an introductory phonetic course, a self-instruction manual and a phrasebook. In the self-instruction manual, the grammar rules are presented in simple, accessible language. Every educational text, which opens the lesson, is equipped with a dictionary. In regional studies lessons, comments on realities are given. The exercises are aimed at consolidating vocabulary and grammar and are provided with keys. The phrasebook contains topics for new acquaintances, conversations and everyday communication. The book is intended for everyone who wants to learn Finnish.

Format: PDF
Size: 21.6 MB

DOWNLOAD
Finnish for beginners. - I. Krotov
DEPOSITFILES

Let's talk

Let's talk. Dialogues in Finnish and Russian
Milja Hytti
Petrozavodsk, "Karelia", 1995
IN Collection of dialogues in Finnish with parallel Russian translation samples of colloquial speech and models are offered speech behavior in various life situations. The topics of the dialogues are based on school training programs in Finnish for grades 4-8. The author sought to cover different aspects of life: business, market, “children’s” public diplomacy, telephone conversations, visit to Finland, at school, in the city, international relations etc.
The initiative to create this wonderful collection of dialogues was once taken by the editors of the magazine "Kipinya" - a Finnish magazine for children.

Format: PDF
Size: 25.84 MB

DOWNLOAD | DOWNLOAD
Let's talk. Dialogues in Finnish and Russian
turbobit.net

Simple Finnish

A. N. Soloviev
St. Petersburg, "Anthology", 2010

A special feature of the course is that the author explains the facts and phenomena of the Finnish language through sounds, structures and words of the Russian language. In terms of usability, the publication's vocabulary is as close as possible to the materials of the well-known Basic English project.

Learn Finnish on your own: basic Finnish in 11 lessons from scratch

This tutorial was created so that you can study Finnish on your own, getting the same results as from studying with a tutor. This course incorporates the experience I have gained over 7 years of teaching Finnish (information about me).

The book is complemented by an audio version , which contains all the words, texts and dialogues of the tutorial, voiced by native Finnish speakers - professional speakers - over 5 hours of high-quality audio, which can be downloaded to any device for further listening.

The self-instruction manual is written in great detail, with many examples and translations into Russian of all texts and dialogues, and at the end of the textbook answers to homework are given to test the mastery of the material ( demo lessons can be found ).

This tutorial is also basic capital for those who intend to seriously study the Finnish language in the future, because it is written based on the experience of my teaching, focused on achieving the level freehold tongue. It is also likely that even if you have been learning the language for a relatively long time, that you will find in this tutorial answers to some of your questions and clarify for yourself any aspects of grammar that were previously unclear to you (read the course content below), because this course is quite rich , targeting motivated students who want to become fluent in the Finnish language.

You can start learning the first, second, eighth and eleventh lessons of the tutorial now, downloading them.

If you have any questions while studying this tutorial, write or call - I will try to answer them as fully as possible.

Abstract to the tutorial and instructions for use:

This tutorial contains basic course Finnish language “from scratch” and leads to level A.1.1 according to the European scale. Having mastered this material, the reader will be able to understand clear simple speech, and also use basic grammatical structures and navigate the simplest speech situations. The method of presenting the material makes it possible to understand all the rules in detail and quickly master basic grammar Finnish language, learn the 700 most common words and start speaking Finnish correctly.

To receive maximum results To master the textbook materials, you must complete all the tasks given in the textbook. The procedure for working with any of the lessons is as follows:

3. Learn new words.

4. Listen to these texts and dialogues many times until you fully understand each sentence, each structure and each word by ear.

5. Practice translating these texts and dialogues from Russian into Finnish, covering the Finnish half and periodically checking the correctness of your translation. It is necessary to learn how to translate these texts and dialogues from Russian into Finnish correctly, fully understanding the constructions, and not mechanically memorizing phrases. You also need to be able to translate from Russian into Finnish all the sentences and constructions given as examples in the rules section.

6. After completing all the above points with high quality, you can begin translating the sentences from Russian into Finnish given at the end of each lesson (these translation suggestions for each lesson are given below on this page). This task is a test for consolidating the material, while all previous tasks are training, work on consolidating the material. Therefore, translating sentences from Russian into Finnish is done last and shows the results of the work you have done. You can check the correctness of your translation of these sentences at the end of the textbook in the “Keys” section.

7. If questions are asked after texts and dialogues, then you need to do the same with them as with the texts and dialogues themselves (see points 2,4,5), that is, read and practice translating from Russian into Finnish, and only after this do step 6 (translation of sentences from Russian into Finnish with keys at the end of the textbook). These questions must also be answered orally or in writing.

The vocabulary and grammar of previous lessons are repeated in subsequent lessons, which helps to consolidate previously learned material against the background of new material.

Having mastered the materials of this course, you will be able to competently translate from Russian into Finnish, fully understanding all the cause-and-effect relationships, the constructions indicated below and the like.
Using these sentences, you can also determine whether you know the material presented in the tutorial, or whether there is still unstudied material.

Lesson 1

demo lessons.

Lesson 2

You can study this lesson now - see demo lessons.

I wish you success!