The death of his mother forced Marat to take revenge. Together with his sister Ariadne, he went to the partisans. Not a trace remained of the former sweet boy, Marat became a saboteur: he derailed enemy trains, transport trains and killed officers. In 1943, Marat Kazei accomplished his first feat: near the village of Rumok, a partisan detachment fell into the “pincers” of punitive forces, as a result of resistance, the young partisan broke through the enemy’s ranks with grenades, and was able to signal help to neighboring detachments. For his courage, fourteen-year-old Marat Kazei was awarded a medal"For courage." The winter of 1943 turned out to be a difficult test for the partisans; numerous raids forced the units to change their locations. In one of these transitions, Marat’s sister suffered greatly. Ariadne received severe frostbite on her legs due to lack of medical care the feet had to be amputated. By plane, she was sent to the “mainland”; Marat was offered to fly away with his sister, however, her sister’s injury only “added fuel” to the fire. Marat refused to fly away and continued to fight the Nazis for his mother and sister
At the beginning of 1944, Marat Kazei became a scout at the headquarters of the Rokossovsky partisan brigade. From now on, there are more and more combat missions; a big offensive was planned Soviet troops. Marat continues to fight the Nazis. His sabotage operations are successful, and the captured information forms the basis for further operations. For example, according to data received from Marat, the partisans developed and carried out an operation to attack the German garrison in Dzerzhinsk.
Kazei Marat Ivanovich was born on October 10, 1929 in the village of Stankovo, Dzerzhinsky district. Marat was buried in his native village. For his courage and bravery, Marat, who was only 14 years old at the end of 1943, was awarded the Order Patriotic War 1st degree, medals “For Courage” and “For Military Merit”.
The war hit Belarusian land. The Nazis burst into the village where Marat lived with his mother, Anna Alexandrovna Kazeya. Anna Aleksandrovna Kazei was captured for her connection with the partisans, and Marat soon learned that his mother had been hanged in Minsk. Marat took part in battles and invariably showed courage and fearlessness; together with experienced demolition men, he mined the railway. During the Great Patriotic War, she hid wounded partisans and treated them, for which she was hanged by the Germans in Minsk in 1942.
Returning from reconnaissance, Marat and the reconnaissance commander of the brigade headquarters, Larin, arrived early in the morning in the village of Khoromitsky, where they had to meet with a liaison officer. Larin was killed immediately. Marat, firing back, lay down in a hollow. True story Marata Kazeya was more dramatic than the teachers told the children. But his feat is no less significant. The idealistic revolutionary Ivan Kazei named his daughter unusually - Ariadna, in honor of the heroine ancient Greek myth, which he really liked.
A year later, having written off, Ivan finally came to Stankovo and married a girl. It seems that Marat and his sister Ariadne had no reason to love Soviet power after what happened to their parents. Marat was a scout. In battle, Marat was fearless - in January 1943, even while wounded, he launched an attack on the enemy several times. It was May 1944. Operation Bagration was already being prepared in full, which would bring freedom to Belarus from the Nazi yoke. But Marat was not destined to see this.
Marat’s partner died immediately, and he himself entered the battle. The Germans surrounded him, hoping to capture him. young partisan alive. When the cartridges ran out, Marat blew himself up with a grenade.
The military biography of Marat Kazei began immediately after the death of his mother, when he, together with his older sister Ariadna, joined the partisan detachment named after the 25th anniversary of the October Revolution, where he became a scout. Fearless and dexterous, Marat penetrated German garrisons many times and returned to his comrades with valuable information.
Marat Kazei died on May 11, 1944 in a battle near the village of Khoromitsky. Future hero was born on October 10, 1929 in the small village of Stankovo, Minsk region. Ivan Kazei’s sentence also affected his wife: she was fired from her job and expelled from the institute.
The exploits of Marat Kazei.
Marat Kazeya's mother was arrested and released shortly before the start of the war. Soon after her liberation, Anna joined the partisans. Among those executed was the mother of 13-year-old Marat and his 16-year-old sister Ariadne. This event prompted young people to join the partisans, where Marat Kazei fought until the end of his life. Feat, summary which will be described below, forever inscribed the name of the pioneer in history.
In 1942, Marat became a scout. Thus, the first feat of Marat Kazei dates back to 1943: he saved a detachment of his comrades from death. German troops The partisans were surrounded, but Marat was able to get out, but not to save his life: he was able to bring help, and the enemy was defeated.
A battle ensued, in which Marat’s partner instantly dies. The Germans surround him, hoping to take him prisoner. Soon Marat ran out of all the cartridges, then he makes a fateful decision: to blow himself up with a grenade.
After the end of the Great Patriotic War, Marat’s sister Kazeya returned to her place in Belarus. History knows not many heroes like Marat Kazei. The feat, a summary of which is given in this article, should be an example of courage for all living people.
In the first battle on January 9, 1943, in the Stankovsky forest area, Marat Kazei showed courage and bravery. Marat Kazei volunteered to establish contact with the surrounded detachment.
In December 1943, in a battle on the Slutsk Highway, Marat Kazei obtained valuable enemy documents - military maps and plans of the Nazi command. In the city of Minsk (Belarus) in the park named after Yanka Kupala, a monument to Marat Kazei was erected. In 1958, an obelisk was installed on the grave young hero in the village of Stankovo, Dzerzhinsky district, Minsk region.
It all ended tragically: in 1935, Ivan Kazei was arrested for sabotage. He was rehabilitated only in 1959 posthumously. Anna Kazei, Marat's mother, a convinced communist, after her husband's arrest, was fired from her job, kicked out of her apartment, expelled from the Moscow Pedagogical Institute, where she studied in absentia. The children (Marat and Ariadne) had to be sent to relatives, which turned out to be very the right decision- Anna herself was soon arrested.
Anna Kazei began collaborating with the Minsk underground from the first days of the occupation. Not having sufficient skills in such activities, they were soon exposed by the Gestapo and arrested. Using this data, the partisans developed a daring operation and defeated the fascist garrison in the city of Dzerzhinsk. As a result, the punitive forces were defeated.
In the fall, Marat no longer had to go to school in the fifth grade. The Nazis turned the school building into their barracks. Subsequently, Marat was a scout at the headquarters of the brigade named after. K.K. Rokossovsky. In addition to reconnaissance, he participated in raids and sabotage.
He was seriously wounded. This happened in front of almost the entire village. While there were cartridges, he held the defense, and when the magazine was empty, he took one of the grenades hanging on his belt and threw it at the enemies. Some of those singing became ashamed with age, and some, probably to this day, see this as their contribution to the debunking of “Soviet myths.”
Marat became a scout at the headquarters of a partisan brigade. For 16-year-old Ariadna and 13-year-old Marat Kazeev, the death of their mother was the impetus for the start of an active struggle against the Nazis: in 1942 they became fighters in a partisan detachment. The underground fighter Anna Kazei, along with her comrades in the struggle, was hanged by the Nazis in Minsk. Ivan Kazei was exiled to Far East, where he disappeared forever.
| External images | |
|---|---|
| , Minsk, 1984. | |
Marat Ivanovich Kazei (October 29 ( 19291029 ) , village of Stankovo, Dzerzhinsky district, Minsk region, BSSR, USSR - May 11, village of Khoromitskiye, Uzdensky district, Minsk region, BSSR, USSR) - Belarusian and Soviet pioneer hero, young red partisan intelligence officer, Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).
Biography
Marat's father, Ivan Georgievich Kazei, is a communist, activist, served for 10 years in the Baltic Fleet, then worked at the Machine and Tractor Station, headed tractor driver training courses, was the chairman of a comrades' court, was arrested in 1935 for sabotage, and was posthumously rehabilitated in 1959.
His mother, Anna Aleksandrovna Kazei, was also an activist and was a member of the election commission for elections to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Just like her husband, she was subjected to repression: she was arrested twice on charges of “Trotskyism,” but then released. Despite the arrests, she continued to actively support Soviet power. During the Great Patriotic War, she hid wounded partisans and treated them, for which she was hanged by the Germans in Minsk in 1942.
After the death of her mother, Marat and her older sister Ariadna went to the partisan detachment named after. 25th anniversary of October (November 1942).
When the partisan detachment was leaving the encirclement, Ariadne’s legs were frozen, and therefore she was taken by plane to the mainland, where she had to have both legs amputated. Marat, as a minor, was also offered to evacuate along with his sister, but he refused and remained in the detachment.
Subsequently, Marat was a scout at the headquarters of the brigade named after. K.K. Rokossovsky. In addition to reconnaissance, he participated in raids and sabotage. For courage and courage in battles he was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, medals “For Courage” (wounded, raised the partisans to attack) and “For Military Merit”. Returning from reconnaissance, Marat and the reconnaissance commander of the brigade headquarters, Larin, arrived early in the morning in the village of Khoromitsky, where they had to meet with a liaison officer. The horses were tied behind the peasant's barn. Less than half an hour had passed when shots rang out. The village was surrounded by a chain of Germans. Larin was killed immediately. Marat, firing back, lay down in a hollow. He was seriously wounded. This happened in front of almost the entire village. While there were cartridges, he held the defense, and when the magazine was empty, he took one of the grenades hanging on his belt and threw it at the enemies. The Germans almost didn’t shoot; they wanted to take him alive. And with the second grenade, when they came very close, he blew himself up along with them.
Write a review of the article "Kazey, Marat Ivanovich"
Notes
Sources
. Website "Heroes of the Country".
Excerpt characterizing Kazei, Marat Ivanovich
In the fresh morning air there were no longer, as before, at irregular intervals, two, three shots and then one or two gun shots, and along the slopes of the mountains, in front of Pratzen, the rolls of gunfire were heard, interrupted by such frequent shots from guns that sometimes several cannon shots were no longer separated from each other, but merged into one common roar.It was visible how the smoke of the guns seemed to run along the slopes, catching up with each other, and how the smoke of the guns swirled, blurred and merged with one another. Visible, from the shine of the bayonets between the smoke, were the moving masses of infantry and narrow strips of artillery with green boxes.
Rostov stopped his horse on a hill for a minute to examine what was happening; but no matter how hard he strained his attention, he could neither understand nor make out anything of what was happening: some people were moving there in the smoke, some troops were moving in front and behind; but why? Who? Where? it was impossible to understand. This sight and these sounds not only did not arouse in him any dull or timid feeling, but, on the contrary, gave him energy and determination.
“Well, more, give it more!” - He turned mentally to these sounds and again began to gallop along the line, penetrating further and further into the area of the troops who had already entered into action.
“I don’t know how it will be there, but everything will be fine!” thought Rostov.
Having passed some Austrian troops, Rostov noticed that the next part of the line (it was the guard) had already entered into action.
“So much the better! I’ll take a closer look,” he thought.
He drove almost along the front line. Several horsemen galloped towards him. These were our life lancers, who were returning from the attack in disordered ranks. Rostov passed them, involuntarily noticed one of them covered in blood and galloped on.
“I don’t care about this!” he thought. Before he had ridden a few hundred steps after this, to his left, across the entire length of the field, a huge mass of cavalrymen on black horses, in shiny white uniforms, appeared, trotting straight towards him. Rostov put his horse into full gallop in order to get out of the way of these cavalrymen, and he would have gotten away from them if they had kept the same gait, but they kept speeding up, so that some horses were already galloping. Rostov heard their stomping and the clanking of their weapons more and more clearly, and their horses, figures, and even faces became more visible. These were our cavalry guards, going on the attack on French cavalry, moving towards them.
The cavalry guards galloped, but still holding their horses. Rostov already saw their faces and heard the command: “march, march!” uttered by an officer who unleashed his blood horse at full speed. Rostov, fearing to be crushed or lured into an attack on the French, galloped along the front as fast as his horse could, and still did not manage to get past them.
Extreme cavalry guard, huge in stature The pockmarked man frowned angrily when he saw Rostov in front of him, with whom he would inevitably encounter. This cavalry guard would certainly have knocked down Rostov and his Bedouin (Rostov himself seemed so small and weak in comparison with these huge people and horses), if he had not thought of swinging his whip into the eyes of the cavalry guard's horse. The black, heavy, five-inch horse shied away, laying down its ears; but the pockmarked cavalry guard thrust huge spurs into her sides, and the horse, waving its tail and stretching its neck, rushed even faster. As soon as the cavalry guards passed Rostov, he heard them shout: “Hurray!” and looking back he saw that their front ranks were mingling with strangers, probably French, cavalrymen in red epaulets. It was impossible to see anything further, because immediately after that, cannons began firing from somewhere, and everything was covered in smoke.
At that moment, as the cavalry guards, having passed him, disappeared into the smoke, Rostov hesitated whether to gallop after them or go where he needed to go. This was that brilliant attack of the cavalry guards, which surprised the French themselves. Rostov was scared to hear later that out of all this mass of huge handsome people, out of all these brilliant, rich young men on thousands of horses, officers and cadets who galloped past him, after the attack only eighteen people remained.
“Why should I envy, what is mine will not go away, and now, perhaps, I will see the sovereign!” thought Rostov and rode on.
Having caught up with the guards infantry, he noticed that cannonballs were flying through and around them, not so much because he heard the sound of cannonballs, but because he saw concern on the faces of the soldiers and unnatural, warlike solemnity on the faces of the officers.
Driving behind one of the lines of infantry guard regiments, he heard a voice calling him by name.
- Rostov!
- What? – he responded, not recognizing Boris.
- What is it like? hit the first line! Our regiment went on the attack! - said Boris, smiling that happy smile that happens to young people who have been on fire for the first time.
Rostov stopped.
- That's how it is! - he said. - Well?
- They recaptured! - Boris said animatedly, having become talkative. -Can you imagine?
And Boris began to tell how the guard, having taken their place and seeing the troops in front of them, mistook them for Austrians and suddenly learned from the cannonballs fired from these troops that they were in the first line, and unexpectedly had to take action. Rostov, without listening to Boris, touched his horse.
-Where are you going? – asked Boris.
- To His Majesty with an errand.
- Here he is! - said Boris, who heard that Rostov needed His Highness, instead of His Majesty.
And he pointed to the Grand Duke, who, a hundred paces away from them, in a helmet and a cavalry guard's tunic, with his raised shoulders and frowning eyebrows, was shouting something to the white and pale Austrian officer.
- Yes, this is Grand Duke“And I should go to the commander-in-chief or to the sovereign,” said Rostov and started to move his horse.
- Count, count! - shouted Berg, as animated as Boris, running up from the other side, - Count, I’m in right hand wounded (he said, showing his hand, bloody and tied with a handkerchief) and remained at the front. Count, holding a sword in my left hand: in our race, the von Bergs, Count, were all knights.
Hero of the Soviet Union
Marat Ivanovich Kazei was born on October 29, 1929 in the village of Stankovo, Dzerzhinsky district of Belarus.
The Nazis burst into the village where Marat lived with his mother, Anna Alexandrovna Kazeya. In the fall, Marat no longer had to go to school in the fifth grade. The Nazis turned the school building into their barracks. The enemy was fierce.
So at the very beginning terrible war Marat and Ariadne will be left alone. He is twelve years old, she is sixteen. When they took my mother, four revolver cartridges were shaken out of Marat’s pockets. But they didn't pay attention to it. Or maybe they felt sorry for the boy. And Marat also had a revolver hidden, he already knew the people around him and helped them together with his mother. Soon their mother was hanged.
After the death of her mother, Marat and her older sister Ariadne joined the partisan detachment named after the 25th anniversary of the October Revolution in November 1942. Ariadne left the detachment after some time due to injury, Marat was offered to continue his studies, interrupted by the war, but he refused and remained in the partisan detachment. At the age of thirteen he became a full-fledged fighter.
Moreover, the smart boy was enlisted in a mounted reconnaissance platoon. The surviving notebook of the detachment’s personnel states that Marat Kazei fought for exactly one and a half years, day after day.
Subsequently, Marat was a scout at the headquarters of the partisan brigade named after. K.K. Rokossovsky. I went on reconnaissance missions, both alone and with a group. Participated in raids. He blew up the echelons. For the battle in January 1943, when, wounded, he roused his comrades to attack and made his way through the enemy ring, Marat received the medal “For Courage” and “For Military Merit.”
Marat wore an overcoat and tunic, which were sewn for him by the squad tailor. He always carried two grenades on his belt. One on the right, one on the left. One day his sister Ariadne asked him: why not wear both on one side? He answered as if jokingly: so as not to confuse one for the Germans, the other for himself. But the look was completely serious.
On that last day, Marat and the reconnaissance commander of the brigade headquarters, Larin, arrived early in the morning on horseback to the village of Khoromitsky. Larin needed to meet with his contact. It wouldn't hurt to take a break for an hour. The horses were tied behind the peasant's barn. Larin went to the contact, and Marat went to his friends and asked permission to lie down, but to be woken up in exactly an hour. He didn’t even take off his overcoat or take off his shoes. No more than half an hour later, shots were heard. The village was surrounded by a chain of Germans and police. Larin was already caught up in the field by a bullet. Marat managed to reach the bushes, but there he had to fight.
This happened almost in front of the entire village. That's why everything became known. First, he scribbled a machine gun. Then a grenade exploded. The Germans and police almost didn’t shoot, although many fell and never got up. They wanted to take him alive, because they saw that a teenager ran into the bushes and began to fight back. Then the second grenade exploded. And everything became quiet. Thus, 14-year-old Marat Kazei died.
Marat, Larina and another partisan, whom the raid found in the village, were buried with honors.
Of the orders for the Rokossovsky brigade issued in 1944, four were dedicated to Marat. Three - with an announcement of gratitude for completing combat missions. Fourth, it was prescribed to consider Marat as having died heroically in an unequal battle with Nazi invaders May 11, 1944 in the village of Khoromitsky.
In the spring of 1945, Marat’s sister returned to Belarus. My mother’s sister reported the terrible news back in Minsk. That same evening the girl left for Stankovo. The first monument to Marat was erected at the site of his death, on the edge of the forest. But in 1946 they decided to transport Marat’s body to Stankovo.
After the war, Ariadna Ivanovna became a teacher at School No. 28 in Minsk. She did a lot so that schoolchildren knew about her brother’s feat. A museum named after Marat Kazei was opened at school No. 28.
And in the hero’s native village Stankovo, Dzerzhinsky district, Minsk region, it was named after him high school and a museum was created. Every year on May 9, school students hold ceremonial line near the Marat Kazei memorial.
Journalist Vyacheslav Morozov, who worked as his own correspondent for Pionerskaya Pravda, did a lot to perpetuate the memory of Marat. He told schoolchildren about the feat of the young fighter, wrote and published a book about the life of Marat Kazei, “A Boy Went on Reconnaissance.”
The writer Stanislav Shushkevich also wrote a book about Marat Kazei, which he called “Brave Marat.”
He was born on October 10, 1929 in the village of Stankovo, Minsk region. The boy was named Marat by his father, a staunch communist and former sailor. Baltic Fleet. Ivan Kazei named his son after a battleship "Marat", on which he himself had the opportunity to serve. The idealistic revolutionary Ivan Kazei unusually named his daughter Ariadne, in honor of the heroine of the ancient Greek myth, which he really liked.
Marat's parents met in 1921, when the 27-year-old revolutionary sailor Ivan Kazei came home on leave and fell madly in love with his namesake, 16-year-old Anyuta Kazei. A year later, having written off, Ivan finally came to Stankovo and married a girl. Communist and activist Ivan Kazei was a convinced Bolshevik, was in good standing at work, headed tractor driver training courses, and was the chairman of a comrades' court. It all ended one day when in 1935 he was arrested for sabotage. It is unknown whose vile hand wrote the false denunciation. Apparently idealism Ivan Kazei, who never took a state penny for personal purposes, began to greatly irritate those who wanted to improve own well-being. Such people always exist, no matter what political system in the yard.
Ivan Kazei was exiled to the Far East, where he disappeared forever. He was rehabilitated only in 1959, posthumously. Anna Kazei, an equally convinced communist, was fired from her job after her husband’s arrest, kicked out of her apartment, and expelled from the Moscow Pedagogical Institute, where she studied by correspondence. The children had to be sent to relatives, which turned out to be a very correct decision - Anna herself was soon arrested for "Trotskyism". Mother- "Trotskyist"......... hanged by the Germans. It seems that Marat and his sister Ariadne had no reason to love Soviet power after what happened to their parents. But here’s a strange thing: most people of that time believed that the repressions falling on the heads of their relatives were the work of specific dishonest people in government, and not politics Soviet power generally.
Anna Kazei did not suffer the fate of her husband - just before the war she was released. Prison didn't change her political views
. A staunch communist Anna Kazei began collaborating with the Minsk underground from the first days of the occupation. The history of the first Minsk underground workers turned out to be tragic. Not having sufficient skills in such activities, they were soon exposed by the Gestapo and arrested.
The underground fighter Anna Kazei, along with her comrades in the struggle, was hanged by the Nazis in Minsk. For 16 year old Ariadne and 13 year old For Marat Kazeev, the death of his mother served as the impetus for the start of an active struggle against the Nazis - in 1942 they became fighters in a partisan detachment. Marat was a scout. The clever boy successfully penetrated enemy garrisons in villages many times, obtaining valuable intelligence information.
In battle, Marat was fearless - in January 1943, even being wounded, he launched an attack on the enemy several times. He took part in dozens of sabotages on railways and other objects that were of particular importance to the Nazis.
In March 1943 Marat saved an entire partisan detachment. When the punitive forces took the Furmanov partisan detachment "in pincers"near the village of Rumok, it was scout Kazei who managed to break through "ring" enemy and bring help from neighboring partisan detachments. As a result, the punitive forces were defeated.
Winter 1943 when the detachment left the encirclement, Ariadna Kazei received severe frostbite. To save the girl’s life, doctors had to amputate her legs in the field, and then fly her to Big Earth. She was taken to the rear, to Irkutsk, where doctors managed to get her out. And Marat continued to fight the enemy even angrier, more desperately, avenging his murdered mother, his crippled sister, his desecrated Motherland...
For courage and courage, Marat, who at the end of 1943 was only 14 years old, was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, medals "For courage" And "For military merit"......
It was May 1944. The operation was already being prepared "Bagration", which will bring Belarus freedom from Hitler's yoke. But Marat was not destined to see this. May 11 near the village of Khoromitskie The partisan reconnaissance group was discovered by the Nazis. Marat’s partner died immediately, and he himself entered the battle. The Germans took him "ring", hoping to capture the young partisan alive. When the cartridges ran out, Marat blew himself up with a grenade. There are two versions - according to one, Marat blew himself up and the Germans approaching him. According to another, the partisans deliberately blew up only themselves, so as not to give the Nazis a reason for a punitive operation in the village of Khoromitsky.
Marat was buried in his native village. 
For heroism in the fight against the Nazi invaders By Decree of the Presidium Supreme Council USSR dated May 8, 1965 Kazei Marat Ivanovich was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Ariadna Kazei returned to Belarus in 1945. Despite the loss of her legs, she graduated from Minsk Pedagogical University, taught at school, and was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Council of Belarus. In 1968, the partisan heroine, honored teacher of Belarus Ariadna Ivanovna Kazei was awarded title of Hero of Socialist Labor.
Ariadna Ivanovna passed away in 2008. But the memory of her and her brother, Marat Kazei, is alive. A monument to Marat was erected in Minsk; several streets in the cities of Belarus and in the countries of the former USSR are named after him.
But the main memory is not in bronze, but in the souls of people. And while we remember the names of those who, sacrificing themselves, saved our Motherland from fascism, they remain close to us, strengthening and inspiring with their example in difficult moments life.....
