I sleep, baby, doze,
He lays his head on the pillow,
Mother-in-law on Senichka
strutting,
Angry, she walks around new ones.

Wanderers ( in unison)

Knocking, rattling, knocking, rattling,
Does not allow daughter-in-law to sleep:
Get up, get up, get up, you're sleepy!
Get up, get up, get up, you sleepy one!
Sleepy, dormant, unruly!

- The family was huge,
Grumpy... I'm in trouble
Happy maiden holiday to hell!
My husband went to work
He advised to remain silent and be patient:
Don't spit on hot things
Iron will hiss!
I stayed with my sisters-in-law,
With my father-in-law, with my mother-in-law,
There is no one to love and dove,
And there is someone to scold!
To the elder sister-in-law,
To Martha the Pious,
Work like a slave;
Keep an eye on your father-in-law
You're wrong - at the innkeeper's
Redeem what is lost.
And get up and sit down with a sign,
Otherwise the mother-in-law will be offended;
Where can I know them all?
There are good signs
And there are also poor people.
It happened like this: mother-in-law
I blew it into my father-in-law's ears,
That kinder rye will be born
From stolen seeds.
Tikhonych went at night,
Caught - half dead
They threw it in the barn...

As ordered, so done:
I walked with anger in my heart,
And I didn’t say too much
A word to no one.
In winter Philippus came,
Brought a silk handkerchief
Yes, I went for a ride on a sled
On Catherine's day,
And it was as if there was no grief!
Sang as I sang
In my parents' house.
We were the same age
Don't touch us - we're having fun
We always get along.
It's true that the husband
Such as Philippushka,
Search with a candle...

“It’s as if he didn’t beat you?”

Timofeevna hesitated:
“Only once,” in a quiet voice
She said.

"For what?" - the wanderers asked.

- It’s as if you don’t know
Like village quarrels
Coming out? To hubby
My sister came to visit
Her cats crashed.
"Give the shoes to Olenushka,
Wife!” said Philip.
But I didn’t suddenly answer.
I lifted the pot,
Such a urge: to say
I couldn't speak.
Philip Ilyich was angry,
I waited until I installed it
Korchaga for a pole,
Yes, slap me on the temple!
"Well, fortunately you have arrived,
And you look like that!” she said
Other, unmarried
Philip's sister.

Philip encouraged his wife.
"We haven't seen each other for a long time,
If only I had known, I wouldn’t have gone like that!” -
My mother-in-law said this.

Filyushka also added...
And that's it! It wouldn't do
Wife beaten by husband
Count; yes I said:
I won't hide anything!

"Well, women! with such and such
Underwater snakes
And the dead will take the whip!"

The hostess did not answer.
Peasants, for the sake of occasion,
We drank a new glass
And they sang a song in chorus
About the silk whip.
About my husband's relatives.

My hateful husband
Rises:
For the silk lash
Accepted.

The whip whistled
Blood spattered...
Oh! cherished! cherished!
Blood spattered...

Father-in-law
Bowed:
Father-in-law,
Take me away
From the recklessness of her husband,
Fierce snake!
Father-in-law
Orders to hit more
Orders blood to be shed...

The whip whistled
Blood spattered...
Oh! cherished! cherished!
Blood spattered...

Mother-in-law
Bowed:
Mother-in-law,
Take me away
From the recklessness of her husband,
Fierce snake!
Mother-in-law
Orders to hit more
Orders blood to be shed...

The whip whistled
Blood spattered...
Oh! cherished! cherished!
Blood spattered...

– Philip at the Annunciation
He left and went to Kazanskaya
I gave birth to a son.
How written Demushka was!
Beauty taken from the sun,
The snow is white,
Maku's lips are red,
The sable has a black eyebrow,
In Siberian sable,
The hawk has eyes!
All the anger from my soul, my handsome man
Driven away with an angelic smile,
Like the spring sun
Drives snow from the fields...
I didn't worry
Whatever they tell me, I work,
No matter how much they scold me, I remain silent.

Yes, this is where trouble comes in:
Abram Gordeich Sitnikov,
Lord's manager
He began to pester me:
"You are a written kralenka,
You are a pouring berry..."
- Leave me alone, shameless one! berry,
Yes, not that! -
I bowed to my sister-in-law,
I won’t go to corvée myself,
So he'll roll into the hut!
I’ll hide in a barn, in Riga -
The mother-in-law will pull out from there:
"Hey, don't play with fire!"
- Drive him away, darling,
By the neck! - “Don’t you want
Should I be a soldier?" I go to my grandfather:
"What should I do? Teach me!"

From the whole husband's family
One Savely, grandfather,
Father-in-law's parent,
He felt sorry for me... Tell
About your grandfather, well done?

"Get the whole story out!
Let’s throw two sheaves each,”
The men said.

- Well, that’s it! special speech.
It would be a sin to remain silent about my grandfather.
He was also lucky...

Chapter III. Saveliy, Holy Russian hero

With a huge gray mane,
Tea, twenty years without a haircut,
With a huge beard
Grandfather looked like a bear
Especially from the forest,
He bent over and went out.
Grandfather's back is arched.
At first I was afraid of everything,
Like in a low mountain
He came in: will he straighten up?
Punch a hole in the bear
Head in the light!
Yes straighten up grandpa
He couldn’t: he was already screwed,
According to fairy tales, a hundred years,
Grandfather lived in a special room,
Didn't like families
He didn’t let me into his corner;
And she was angry, barking,
His "branded, convict"
My own son was honoring.
Savely will not be angry.
He will go to his little room,
Reads the holy calendar, gets baptized,
And suddenly he will say cheerfully:
"Branded, but not a slave!.."
And they will annoy him greatly -
He jokes: “Look,
We've got matchmakers!" Unmarried
Cinderella - to the window:
But instead of matchmakers - beggars!
From a tin button
Grandfather sculpted a two-kopeck coin,
Tossed on the floor -
Father-in-law got caught!
Not drunk from the pub -
The beaten man trudged in!
They sit in silence at dinner:
The father-in-law has a cut eyebrow,
Grandfather's like a rainbow
A smile on your face.

From spring to late autumn
Grandfather took mushrooms and berries,
I set up the silos
For wood grouse, for hazel grouse.
And I talked through the winter
On the stove by myself.
Had favorite words
And grandfather released them
According to the word in an hour.
…………………………………
"Dead... lost..."
…………………………………
"Oh, you Aniki warriors!
With old people, with women
You just have to fight!"
…………………………………
"To be intolerant is an abyss,
To endure is an abyss!..”
…………………………………
"Oh, the share of Holy Russian
Homemade hero!
He's been bullied all his life,
Time will change its mind
About death - hellish torments
In the other world they are waiting."
…………………………………
"Korezhina thought about it,
Give it up! give it to me! give it to me!..”
…………………………………
And a lot! yes I forgot...
How will the father-in-law get over his head?
I ran to him.
Let's lock ourselves in. I am working,
And Dema is like an apple
At the top of an old apple tree,
On grandfather's shoulder
He sits rosy and fresh...
This is what I say:
"Why are you, Savelyushka,
Are they called branded, convict?"

- I was a convict. -
"You, grandpa?"

- Me, granddaughter!
I'm in the land of the German Vogel
Khristyan Khristianich
Buried alive...

"That's it! You're kidding, grandpa!"

- No, I'm not joking. Listen up! -
And he told me everything.

- In pre-teen times
We were also lordly,
Yes, but no landowners,
No German managers
We didn't know then.
We did not rule the corvee,
We didn't pay rent
And so, when it comes to reason,
We'll send you once every three years.

“How can this be, Savelyushka?”

- And they were blessed
Times like these.
No wonder there is a proverb,
What's our side
The devil has been searching for three years.
There are dense forests all around,
The swamps all around are marshy.
No horse can come to us,
Can't go on foot!
Our landowner Shalashnikov
Through animal paths
With his regiment - he was a military man -
Tried to reach us
Yes, I turned my skis!
Zemstvo police are coming to us
I didn’t get there due to the year, -
Those were the times!
And now the master is at hand,
The road is good riddance...
Ugh! take her ashes!..
We were only worried
Bears... yes with bears
We managed it easily.
With a knife and a spear
I myself am scarier than the elk,
Along protected paths
I go: “My forest!” - I shout.
I just got scared,
How to step on a sleepy
A bear in the forest.
And then I didn’t rush to run,
And so he thrust the spear,
It's like it's on a spit
Chicken - spun
I didn’t live for an hour!
My back was crunching at that time,
Pained occasionally
While I was young,
And in old age she bent over.
Isn't it true, Matryonushka,
Do I look like a freak? -

“You started, so finish it!
Well, you lived - you didn’t grieve,
What's next, head?"

– According to Shalashnikov time
I came up with a new thing,
An order comes to us:
"Appear!" We didn't show up
Let's keep quiet, let's not move
In your swamp.
There was a severe drought,
The police arrived

Almost every writer has a secret theme that worries him especially strongly and runs through his entire work as a leitmotif. For Nekrasov, the singer of the Russian people, such a theme was the fate of the Russian woman. Simple serf peasant women, proud princesses and even fallen women who sank to the social bottom - the writer had a warm word for each. And all of them, so different at first glance, were united by complete lack of rights and misfortune, which were considered the norm at that time. Against the background of universal serfdom, the fate of a simple woman looks even more terrible, because she is forced to “submit to a slave until the grave” and “be the mother of a slave son” (“Frost, Red Nose”), i.e. she is a slave in a square. “The keys to women’s happiness”, from their “free will” were lost a long time ago - this is the problem the poet tried to draw attention to. This is how the incredibly bright and strong image of Matryona Timofeevna appears in the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” by Nekrasov.
The story of Matryona’s fate is set out in the third part of the poem, called “The Peasant Woman.” Wanderers are led to the woman by a rumor that claims that if any woman can be called lucky, it is exclusively the “governor” from the village of Klinu. However, Matryona Timofeevna Korchagina, a “stately”, beautiful and stern woman, hearing the men’s question about her happiness, “became confused, thoughtful” and did not even want to talk about anything at first. It had already gotten dark, and the moon with the stars had risen into the sky, when Matryona finally decided to “open her whole soul.”

Only at the very beginning, life was kind to her, Matryona recalls. Her own mother and father took care of her daughter, called her “kasatushka”, cared for her and cherished her. Let's pay attention to huge amount words with diminutive suffixes: pozdnehonko, sunshine, crust, etc., characteristic of oral folk art. Here the influence of Russian folklore on Nekrasov’s poem is noticeable - in folk songs, as a rule, the time of carefree girlhood is sung, sharply contrasting with the subsequent difficult life in her husband’s family. The author uses this plot to construct the image of Matryona and transfers almost verbatim from the songs the description of the girl’s life with her parents. Part of the folklore is introduced directly into the text. These are wedding songs, lamentation over the bride and the song of the bride herself, as well as detailed description matchmaking ritual.

No matter how hard Matryona tried to extend her free life, she was still married off to a man, also a stranger, not from her native village. Soon the girl, along with her husband Philip, leaves home and goes to an unfamiliar land, to a large and inhospitable family. There she ends up in hell “from the maiden holi”, which is also transmitted through folk song. “Drowsy, dormant, unruly!” - that’s what they call Matryona in the family, and everyone tries to ask her more work. There is no hope for the husband’s intercession: even though they are the same age, and Philip treats his wife well, he still sometimes beats him (“the whip whistled, blood sprayed”) and does not think of making her life easier. Moreover, he is almost all free time spends his time earning money, and Matryona “has no one to love.”

In this part of the poem, Matryona’s extraordinary character and inner spiritual fortitude become clearly visible. Another would have despaired long ago, but she does everything as told and always finds a reason to rejoice the most. simple things. The husband returned, “brought a silk handkerchief / And took me for a ride on a sleigh” - and Matryona sang joyfully, as she used to sing in her parents’ house.

The only happiness of a peasant woman is in her children. So the heroine Nekrasov has her first-born son, whom she cannot stop looking at: “How written Demushka was!” The author very convincingly shows: it is the children who do not allow the peasant woman to become embittered, who truly support her. angelic patience. The great calling - to raise and protect her children - lifts Matryona above the gray everyday life. The image of a woman turns into a heroic one.

But the peasant woman is not destined to enjoy her happiness for long: she must continue working, and the child, left in the care of the old man, dies due to a tragic accident. The death of a child at that time was not a rare event; this misfortune often befell the family. But Matryona is harder than the others - not only is this her first-born, but the authorities who came from the city decide that it was the mother herself, in collusion with the former convict grandfather Savely, who killed her son. No matter how much Matryona cries, she has to be present at the autopsy of Demushka - he was “sprayed”, and this terrible picture is forever imprinted in her mother’s memory.

The characterization of Matryona Timofeevna would not be complete without one more important detail - her willingness to sacrifice herself for others. Her children are what remains most sacred for the peasant woman: “Just don’t touch the children! I stood for them like a mountain...” Indicative in this regard is the episode when Matryona takes upon herself the punishment of her son. He, being a shepherd, lost a sheep, and he had to be whipped for it. But the mother threw herself at the landowner’s feet, and he “mercifully” forgave the teenager, ordering the “impudent woman” to be whipped in return. For the sake of her children, Matryona is ready to go even against God. When a wanderer comes to the village with a strange demand not to breastfeed children on Wednesdays and Fridays, the woman turns out to be the only one who did not listen to her. “Whoever endures, so mothers” - these words of Matryona express the entire depth of her maternal love.

Another key characteristic of a peasant woman is her determination. Submissive and compliant, she knows when to fight for her happiness. So, it is Matryona, from the whole huge family, who decides to stand up for her husband when he is taken into the army and, falling at the feet of the governor’s wife, brings him home. For this act she receives highest award- people's respect. This is where her nickname “governor” came from. Now her family loves her, and the village considers her lucky. But the adversity and “spiritual storm” that passed through Matryona’s life do not give her the opportunity to describe herself as happy.

A decisive, selfless, simple and sincere woman and mother, one of the many Russian peasant women - this is how the reader appears before the reader “Who Lives Well in Rus'” by Matryona Korchagin.

I will help 10th grade students describe the image of Matryona Korchagina and her characteristics in the poem before writing an essay on the topic “The image of Matryona Timofeevna in “Who Lives Well in Rus'”.”

Work test

Historians claim that the most difficult situation in Russia was among the peasants of the 16th – 19th centuries. But if we consider the position of the serfs separately, we can say that the life of a woman often had more trials than the life of a man, because peasant women always left home and went to live with their husband’s family, where they sometimes had a very hard life, died during childbirth, and even with infants were not freed from backbreaking work in the fields.

The problem of the position of women was not ignored by the great Russian writer N.A.

Nekrasov. In the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus',” a special chapter is devoted to it, revealing all the difficulties of a woman’s life. In search of happiness, the main characters of the work reach an ordinary peasant woman, and she tells them the story of her life. Korchagina Matryona Timofeevna lived well before her marriage. “Behind the priest, behind the mother, /Like Christ in the bosom/, I lived, a fine fellow,” she says to the wanderers. Then Matryona got married, but her husband’s family didn’t like her. “The family was huge, / Grumpy... I ended up / From the maiden holiday to hell!” The mother-in-law was angry, the sister-in-law was constantly telling lies. The husband beat Matryona only once, which for those reasons was considered a luxury. Other women endured beatings from their husbands all their lives. Matryona could not find protection anywhere; the only one who felt sorry for her was her father-in-law, grandfather Savely. The heroine worked every day, she was even forced to leave little son to work.

Life modern girls, girls, women, of course, is very different from the life of powerless peasant women, but there are also such terrible moments when a woman is left alone with her grief. This is the death of children. Matryona Timofeevna’s first-born, little Demushka, died, and she never forgot about it for a minute for the rest of her life. The peasant woman always protected the rest of her sons, despite strong pressure from her husband’s family and society. They became her only joy.

Matryona Timofeevna believed that “The keys to female happiness, / From our free will, / Abandoned, lost, / From God himself.” I think it was correct judgment to describe the position of women at that time. The life of Matryona Korchagina is one of the many examples of difficult female share. In Russia at that time, almost every peasant woman had a similar fate. Today, when so many years have passed since the abolition of serfdom, when in most countries of the world all people have equal rights, we still remember that once upon a time women were completely unprotected by the law and the state. Only at the beginning of the 20th century did they begin to fight for their happiness.

Effective preparation for the Unified State Exam (all subjects) -

-And , and. (usually in a preposition: in the hall ). decomposition

Care, care, surrounding someone, sth.

Live in the hallway.

The family was huge, grumpy... I ended up in hell from the maiden holiday! N. Nekrasov, Who lives well in Rus'.

- Horse

must be in the hall, clean, then you are a good cavalryman. A. N. Tolstoy, Nikita’s childhood.

• - -And...

  Russian word stress

"holya" in books

When to see a doctor Umbilical granuloma

When to see a doctor Umbilical granuloma The clothespin on your baby's belly button should have fallen off by now, and the belly button should have healed and looked good. However, in about one in 50 babies, the belly button does not heal and when the clothespin falls off, a bright red sticky piece is visible underneath.

Granuloma

Granuloma Granuloma (from Latin granulum - grain and Greek -oma - ending in the names of tumors), focal proliferation of inflammatory cells of young connective tissue in the form of a small knot. G. occurs during various, most often infectious, processes

Chapter 9. Granuloma inguinale