Between Ural mountains in the west and the bed of the Yenisei in the east there is a vast territory called Western Siberia. Let's look at the list of cities in this region below. The area occupied by the region is 15% of the entire territory of Russia. The population is 14.6 million people, according to 2010 data, which is 10% of the total population in the Russian Federation. It has a continental climate with harsh winters and warm summer. On the territory Western Siberia there are tundra, forest-tundra, forest, forest-steppe and steppe zones.
Novosibirsk
This city was founded in 1893. It is considered the largest city in Western Siberia and ranks third in population in Russia. It is often called the Siberian capital. The population of Novosibirsk is 1.6 million people (as of 2017). The city is located on both banks of the Ob River.
Novosibirsk is also a large transport hub Russia, here passes the Trans-Siberian railway. The city has many scientific buildings, libraries, universities and research institutes. This suggests that it is one of the cultural and scientific centers of the country.
Omsk
This city in Western Siberia was founded in 1716. From 1918 to 1920, the city was the capital of White Russia, a state under Kolchak that did not last long. Located on the left bank of the Om River, at its confluence with the Irtysh River. Omsk is considered a major transport hub, as well as a scientific and cultural center Western Siberia. There are many cultural attractions that make the city interesting to tourists.
Tyumen
This oldest city in Western Siberia. Tyumen was founded in 1586 and is located 2000 kilometers from Moscow. She is regional center two districts: Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets and together with them constitutes the most large area V Russian Federation. Tyumen is energy center Russia. The city's population is 744 thousand people, as of 2017.
IN Tyumen region large production facilities for the extraction of petroleum products are concentrated, so it can rightfully be called the oil and gas capital of Russia. Companies such as Lukoil, Gazprom, TNK and Schlumberger are based here. Oil and gas production in Tyumen accounts for 2/3 of all oil and gas production in the Russian Federation. Mechanical engineering is also developed here. The central part of the city is concentrated large number factories.
The city has a lot of parks and squares, greenery and trees, many beautiful squares with fountains. Tyumen is famous for its magnificent embankment on the Tura River; it is the only four-level embankment in Russia. The largest drama theater is also located here, there is international airport and a major railway junction.
Barnaul
This city in Western Siberia is the administrative center Altai Territory. Located 3,400 kilometers from Moscow, in the place where the Barnaulka River flows into the Ob. It is a large industrial and transport center. The population in 2017 was 633 thousand people.
In Barnaul you can see many unique sights. This city has a lot of greenery, parks and, in general, it is very clean. Altai nature, mountain landscapes, forests and a large number of rivers are especially pleasant for tourists.
The city has many theaters, libraries and museums, making it the educational and cultural center of Siberia.
Novokuznetsk
Another city in Western Siberia, belonging to Kemerovo region. It was founded in 1618 and was originally a fortress; at that time it was called Kuznetsk. Modern city appeared in 1931, at that moment the construction of a metallurgical plant began, and the small settlement was given city status and a new name. Novokuznetsk is located on the banks of the Tom River. The population in 2017 was 550 thousand people.
This city is considered industrial center, on its territory there are many metallurgical and coal mining plants and enterprises.
Novokuznetsk has many cultural attractions that can interest tourists.
Tomsk
The city was founded in 1604 in the eastern part of Siberia, on the coast of the Tom River. As of 2017, the population was 573 thousand people. It is considered the scientific and educational center of the Siberian region. Mechanical engineering and metalworking are well developed in Tomsk.
For tourists and historians, the city is interesting for its monuments of wooden and stone architecture of the 18th-20th centuries.
Kemerovo
This city in Western Siberia was founded in 1918 on the site of two villages. Until 1932 it was called Shcheglovsk. The population of Kemerovo in 2017 was 256 thousand people. The city is located on the banks of the Tom and Iskitimka rivers. It is the administrative center of the Kemerovo region.
Coal mining enterprises operate in Kemerovo. Chemical, food and light industry. The city has important economic, cultural, transport and industrial significance in Siberia.
Mound
This city was founded in 1679. The population in 2017 was 322 thousand people. People call Kurgan the “Siberian Gate”. It is located on the left side of the Tobol River.
Kurgan is an important economic, cultural and scientific center. There are many factories and enterprises on its territory.
The city is famous for the production of its buses, BMP-3 and Kurganets-25 infantry fighting vehicles, and medical advances.
For tourists, Kurgan is interesting for its cultural attractions and monuments.
Surgut
This city in Western Siberia was founded in 1594 and is considered one of the first Siberian cities. As of 2017, the population was 350 thousand people. This is a large river port in the Siberian region. Surgut is considered an economic and transport center; the energy and oil industries are well developed here. The city is home to two of the most powerful thermal power plants in the world.
Since Surgut is industrial city, there are not many attractions here. One of them is the Yugorsky Bridge - the longest in Siberia, it is listed in the Guinness Book of Records.
Now you know which cities in Western Siberia are considered the largest. Each of them is unique, beautiful and interesting in its own way. Most of them were formed due to the development of the coal, oil and gas industries.
Between the Ural Mountains in the west and the bed of the Yenisei in the east lies a vast territory called Western Siberia. Let's look at the list of cities in this region below. The area occupied by the region is 15% of the entire territory of Russia. The population is 14.6 million people, according to 2010 data, which is 10% of the total population in the Russian Federation. It has a continental climate with harsh winters and warm summers. On the territory of Western Siberia there are tundra, forest-tundra, forest, forest-steppe and steppe zones.
Novosibirsk
This city was founded in 1893. It is considered the largest city in Western Siberia and ranks third in population in Russia. It is often called the Siberian capital. The population of Novosibirsk is 1.6 million people (as of 2017). The city is located on both banks of the Ob River.
Novosibirsk is also a major transport hub in Russia; the Trans-Siberian Railway runs here. The city has many scientific buildings, libraries, universities and research institutes. This suggests that it is one of the cultural and scientific centers of the country.
Omsk
This city in Western Siberia was founded in 1716. From 1918 to 1920, the city was the capital of White Russia, a state under Kolchak that did not last long. Located on the left bank of the Om River, at its confluence with the Irtysh River. Omsk is considered a major transport hub, as well as a scientific and cultural center of Western Siberia. There are many cultural attractions that make the city interesting to tourists.
Tyumen
This is the oldest city in Western Siberia. Tyumen was founded in 1586 and is located 2000 kilometers from Moscow. It is the regional center of two districts: Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets and together with them constitutes the largest region in the Russian Federation. Tyumen is the energy center of Russia. The city's population is 744 thousand people, as of 2017.
Large production facilities for the extraction of petroleum products are concentrated in the Tyumen region, so it can rightfully be called the oil and gas capital of Russia. Companies such as Lukoil, Gazprom, TNK and Schlumberger are based here. Oil and gas production in Tyumen accounts for 2/3 of all oil and gas production in the Russian Federation. Mechanical engineering is also developed here. A large number of factories are concentrated in the central part of the city.
The city has a lot of parks and squares, greenery and trees, many beautiful squares with fountains. Tyumen is famous for its magnificent embankment on the Tura River; it is the only four-level embankment in Russia. The largest drama theater is also located here, there is an international airport and a large railway junction.
Barnaul
This city in Western Siberia is the administrative center of the Altai Territory. Located 3,400 kilometers from Moscow, in the place where the Barnaulka River flows into the Ob. It is a large industrial and transport center. The population in 2017 was 633 thousand people.
In Barnaul you can see many unique sights. This city has a lot of greenery, parks and, in general, it is very clean. Altai nature, mountain landscapes, forests and a large number of rivers are especially pleasant for tourists.
The city has many theaters, libraries and museums, making it the educational and cultural center of Siberia.
Novokuznetsk
Another city in Western Siberia, belonging to the Kemerovo region. It was founded in 1618 and was originally a fortress; at that time it was called Kuznetsk. The modern city appeared in 1931, at that moment the construction of a metallurgical plant began, and the small settlement was given city status and a new name. Novokuznetsk is located on the banks of the Tom River. The population in 2017 was 550 thousand people.
This city is considered an industrial center; there are many metallurgical and coal mining plants and enterprises on its territory.
Novokuznetsk has many cultural attractions that can interest tourists.
Tomsk
The city was founded in 1604 in the eastern part of Siberia, on the coast of the Tom River. As of 2017, the population was 573 thousand people. It is considered the scientific and educational center of the Siberian region. Mechanical engineering and metalworking are well developed in Tomsk.
For tourists and historians, the city is interesting for its monuments of wooden and stone architecture of the 18th-20th centuries.
Kemerovo
This city in Western Siberia was founded in 1918 on the site of two villages. Until 1932 it was called Shcheglovsk. The population of Kemerovo in 2017 was 256 thousand people. The city is located on the banks of the Tom and Iskitimka rivers. It is the administrative center of the Kemerovo region.
Coal mining enterprises operate in Kemerovo. Chemical, food and light industries are also developed here. The city has important economic, cultural, transport and industrial significance in Siberia.
Mound
This city was founded in 1679. The population in 2017 was 322 thousand people. People call Kurgan the “Siberian Gate”. It is located on the left side of the Tobol River.
Kurgan is an important economic, cultural and scientific center. There are many factories and enterprises on its territory.
The city is famous for the production of its buses, BMP-3 and Kurganets-25 infantry fighting vehicles, and medical advances.
For tourists, Kurgan is interesting for its cultural attractions and monuments.
Surgut
This city in Western Siberia was founded in 1594 and is considered one of the first Siberian cities. As of 2017, the population was 350 thousand people. This is a large river port in the Siberian region. Surgut is considered an economic and transport center; the energy and oil industries are well developed here. The city is home to two of the most powerful thermal power plants in the world.
Since Surgut is an industrial city, there are not many attractions here. One of them is the Yugorsky Bridge - the longest in Siberia, it is listed in the Guinness Book of Records.
Now you know which cities in Western Siberia are considered the largest. Each of them is unique, beautiful and interesting in its own way. Most of them were formed due to the development of the coal, oil and gas industries.
Siberia is vast geographical region in the northeastern part of Eurasia, bounded from the west by the Ural Mountains, from the east by the Far Eastern regions of Russia, from the north by the Northern Arctic Ocean, from the south by the border of neighboring states of Russia. But few people know that there was a city with the same name on this territory.
Book Atlas des Enfances: Liempire russe, Imprimé à luuniversité Imperiale de Moscow, 1771.
I don’t even know what to say here. I did not find any other information about this city. I wonder where the authors got this fact from? On the other hand, the book was printed in the printing house of Moscow University. Dedicated to some Kriegs commissar Glebov. It probably went through censorship. That means they didn’t write it just like that.
It turns out that the same book was published under a different title: Experience of Russian Geography. Imperial Moscow University, 1771. Moreover, there it is dedicated to all the governors of the then Russia, according to the list. And everyone was sent a copy to correct errors and inaccuracies
Discovering cities is my specialty, heh!
That's not all. It turns out that the city of Tyumen used to be called differently. Again, this is not written anywhere else.
Book: Abulgachi-Bayadur Khan Genealogical history of the Tatars, translated into French with handwritten Tatar book, the works of Abulgachi-Bayadur Khan, and supplemented by a great number of reliable and curious notes about the direct current state North Asia with the necessary geographical land maps, and from French to Russian at the Academy of Sciences. Published at the end of the 18th century. And part of the map is from there. And the city of Siberia is very clearly visible on it.
Book: The life and glorious deeds of Peter the Great, All-Russian autocrat: [Text]: With the assumption [!] of a brief geographical and political history about the Russian state, Orfelin, Zachary.
Actually, everything is logical. Since time immemorial, localities have been called by the name of the main city.
By the way, I told a friend about my discovery here. We met again the other day. And he happily tells me that he saw an interview with the director of the Tobolsk Kremlin on some cable channel. And he said that yes, there was such a city in Siberia near Tobolsk.
It turns out that the city of Siberia is written about on Wikipedia. You just have to search by name Kashlyk. Moreover, as I understand it, it is under this name (and also Isker) that the city of Siberia is mentioned in modern history.
Here he is on people's map, just below Tobolsk.
One of the paintings painted in the second half of the 19th century by the Tobolsk artist M. S. Znamensky. As you can see, people still remembered about city of Siberia.
Fragment of Ortelius's map of 1570. The city of Siberia on the Ob and Perm the Great on the Vychegda are clearly visible.
Where we learn a little about the history of the Siberian kingdom before its conquest by Muscovy. And also who founded the city of Siberia:
The first Siberian tsar had, according to 17th century chroniclers, a very interesting name- Ivan. Even though there was Magmet’s Law. It’s very interesting that it is the law and not faith. This is not the first time I have come across this very definition - law. It is different from the concept of faith. And this is a completely different look at the events of that time.
Ivan was killed by a certain Chingis. Also Tatar. Miller has it in his Description of the Siberian kingdom and all the things that happened in it: St. Petersburg: Under the Emperor. Academician Sciences, 1750. - Tatars are the first and most important people of Siberia.
In addition to them, on the Irtysh River, as follows from the text, the “Chyud” people live.
The city of Siberia was founded by King Mamet somewhere at the end of the 15th century, judging by the text. And the kingdom of Siberia was part of the kingdom of Kazan for many years.
By the way, very interesting point. Ivan the Terrible became the first tsar in Rus', and before that we only had princes. But Siberian, Astrakhan, Kazan and Crimean rulers were originally called kings. Why this is so is unclear. There was something that we no longer know about that put these lands and their rulers above the Russian principalities in the then table of ranks. What about Kazan and Siberia? There was the Kasimov kingdom, right next door to Moscow. And there was a king and not a prince.
At the end of the text interesting fact- the names of Kuchum’s sons do not coincide with the names recorded in our present history. I already wrote about the Siberian princes.
Few people know that at the beginning of the 18th century Siberian princes still lived in Russia. And they didn’t just live, but were in the service of Peter the Great.
Siberia is a region located in the northeastern part of Eurasia. According to 2002 data, more than 13 million people live on its territory. Below is information about the most notable Siberian cities. Briefly told about administrative center East Siberian region - the city of Irkutsk. And also about Novosibirsk, Tyumen, Tomsk, Norilsk.
Irkutsk
This city is the sixth largest among other Siberian ones. More than 600 thousand people live there. The city was founded in 1661 as a fort. Half a century later, it was severely damaged by a fire, which occurred again in 1879, after which it took more than ten years to rebuild. Until 1917, Irkutsk was a merchant city that flourished on Russian-Chinese trade.
Novosibirsk
In terms of population, this Siberian city ranks third in Russia. By area - thirteenth. When did this Siberian city appear? The foundation of the Nikolsky churchyard, which later became known as Krivoshchekovo, can be considered the beginning of the history of Novosibirsk.
IN late XIX century, no more than 700 people lived here. Krivoshchekovites began to leave these places after it became known about the construction of the Great Siberian Route. This area was used notoriety. The thing is that nearby there was a village in which the aborigines lived, causing the residents of nearby settlements fear and hostility. Nevertheless, in May 1893, workers arrived here to build a new village. This year is officially considered the year of the founding of Novosibirsk.
The largest Siberian city has increased its population from 75 thousand people to 1.1 million in fifty years. Now approximately 1.6 million people live there, and this figure continues to grow. It's all about a good location railway line, once laid through small Novo-Nikolaevsk - the future Novosibirsk.
Tyumen
This is the oldest Siberian city. The name “Tyumen” was first mentioned in the chronicle of 1406. The construction of the Tyumen fort, which can be considered the basis of the future city, began in 1586, not far from Chingi-Tura, by order of Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich. Tyumen is the best Siberian city in terms of living standards.
Omsk
This Siberian city has many attractions. For example, streets, or more precisely, their names. It is probably not easy for a newcomer to navigate here. The number of streets with the name “Northern” here reaches 37. According to this indicator, Omsk ranks first in Russia. In addition, the Siberian city leads in the number of Rabochy streets, of which there are 34. Maryanovsky streets - 23. Amur streets in Omsk 21. Vostochny streets - 11.
The city has 1st Razezd and 3rd Razezd streets. Where is the second one? Unknown. And the First Passage is located from the Third at a distance of several kilometers. And finally, RV-39 is a street that reaches a length of 120 meters, but has only one building.
Tomsk
This is the largest scientific and educational center. There are nine universities and fifteen research institutes here. In addition, there are many monuments of stone and wooden architecture, the first of which were created back in the 15th century. More than 550 thousand people live in this Siberian city. It was founded in 1604.
It is worth saying a few words about Norilsk. It is the northernmost city in the world. It has about 177 thousand inhabitants. Norilsk has the unsightly title of the dirtiest Siberian city. About two tons of harmful substances enter the air here every year. All because of the Norilsk Nickel enterprise, which produces almost half of periodic table. Harmful substances in Norilsk air are contained in quantities exceeding acceptable standards hundreds of times.
Book Atlas des enfances: Liempire russe, Imprimé à luniversité Imperiale de Moscow, 1771.
I don’t even know what to say here. I did not find any other information about this city. I wonder where the authors got this fact from? On the other hand, the book was printed in the printing house of Moscow University. Dedicated to some Kriegs commissar Glebov. Probably passed censorship. So they didn’t just write it like that.
It turns out that the same book was published under a different title: Experience of Russian geography. Imperial Moscow University, 1771. Moreover, there it is dedicated to all the governors of the then Russia, according to the list. And everyone was sent a copy to correct errors and inaccuracies
Discovering cities is my specialty, heh!
That's not all. It turns out that the city of Tyumen used to be called differently. Again, this is not written anywhere else.
Book: Abulgachi-Bayadur-Khan Genealogical history of the Tatars, translated into French from a handwritten Tatar book, the works of Abulgachi-Bayadur-Khan, and supplemented by a large number of reliable and curious notes about the current state of Northern Asia with the necessary geographical land maps, and from French into Russian at the Academy of Sciences. Published at the end of the 18th century. And part of the map is from there. And the city of Siberia is very clearly visible on it.
The first Siberian king, according to the 17th century chroniclers, had a very interesting name - Ivan. Even though there was Magmet’s Law. It’s very interesting that it is the law and not faith. This is not the first time I have come across this very definition - law. It is different from the concept of faith. And this is a completely different look at the events of that time.
Ivan was killed by a certain Chingis. Also Tatar. In Miller's Description of the Siberian Kingdom and all the things that happened in it,: St. Petersburg: Under the Emperor. Academician Sciences, 1750. - Tatars first and the most important people Siberia.
In addition to them, on the Irtysh River, as follows from the text, the “Chyud” people live.
The city of Siberia was founded by King Mamet somewhere at the end of the 15th century, judging by the text. And the kingdom of Siberia was part of the kingdom of Kazan for many years.
By the way, a very interesting point. Ivan the Terrible became the first tsar in Rus', and before that we only had princes. But the Siberian, Astrakhan, Kazan and Crimean rulers were originally called kings. Why this is so is unclear. There was something that we no longer know about that put these lands and their rulers above the Russian principalities in the then table of ranks. What about Kazan and Siberia? There was the Kasimov kingdom, right next door to Moscow. And there was a king and not a prince.
At the end of the text there is an interesting fact - the names of Kuchum’s sons do not coincide with the names recorded in our current history. I already wrote about the Siberian princes.
And now if you re-read the entire text and estimate how much time has passed from Chinggis to Kuchum, it turns out that it’s not much. 100-150 years.
And finally. The historian of that time does not make any connection between Genghis and the Tatars, with whom Rus' was constantly at war. And this is actually correct. I’ll write about this later.
