Russian artist Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin known as the author of majestic paintings telling about Russian nature. “The Forest Hero” wrote more than 600 sketches, engravings, drawings and finished paintings.
The famous Wanderer sang in his landscapes the power, beauty and richness of the forests and fields of Russia.
Shishkin's paintings are a song-story about mighty ship groves, heroic oaks, gigantic mossy spruce trees, wilds of the forest and thickets, streams and wide fields.
Each work of the landscape artist makes you feel the breath of the forest, the sound of the wind, the freshness of the forest stream. The viewer joins the picture with his whole being.
He feels himself standing on the edge among tall pines, sees boulders in a stream nearby, walks along a path behind mushroom pickers, spies from behind the trees at playing bear cubs. He raises his eyes to the sky and looks at thunderclouds, on a lark hovering high above the field, on Sun rays, breaking through from behind the clouds.
The artist did not attach much importance to drawing out figures and faces of people. They are depicted almost schematically. The main emphasis in all his landscapes was on grass and bushes, paths and streams, branches and trunks of pines, spruces and oaks.
Green, brown, blue, yellow with their many shades - these are the main colors that the “king of the forest” used when creating his works.
The artist carefully and flawlessly depicted every branch, leaf, stone, and water in a stream in his works. Great importance he gave sunlight, carefully showing its play on the grass, on tree branches, on stones.
Every blade of grass, every pebble on the road, a flying bird, clouds in the sky is painstakingly depicted - all this is lovingly combined into a single picture of the forest life of this or that area of native nature.
His genius lies in the fact that meticulously drawn details create a unique image of the integrity of nature. The big consists of many small ones, and the small is individual. It doesn't get lost in the picture.
Upon closer inspection, you suddenly see a duck flying away from a fox, although at first you don’t pay attention to it, or swallows in a swift flight above the ground. The works of the famous artist are designed to take a long, careful look at the details in order to fully experience the color and beauty of the landscape.
Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin is a master of realism. There is no equal artist like him in Russian art. His famous “Rye” (1878), “View in the vicinity of Dusseldorf” (1865), “Morning in pine forest"(1889), " Oak Grove"(1887), "Cutting Wood" (1867), "Ship Grove" (1898) and many others are symbols of Russia and its pride.
Paintings and sketches by I. Shishkin
Essay based on the painting “Oak Grove” by I. Shishkin, 1887.
One of the most famous paintings by the master of realistic landscape Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin is the painting “Oak Grove”. A monumental work, a painting of light, a painting of delight and inspiration. An incredible feeling of joy and optimism arises at the very first glance at the canvas.
I.I. In this painting, Shishkin is true to his principles: he draws every leaf, flower, blade of grass, twig and even piece of bark in such detail that it seems that this is not a hand-made painting, but a photograph. Even the sand—every grain of sand is visible. If the bushes are located here and there, then the artist brought forest flowers to the near foreground in a wave line, as if emphasizing the beauty of the oak grove at the bottom of the canvas.
Description of Shishkin’s painting “Rain in an oak forest” 1891
One of the most famous paintings by the master of realistic landscape Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin is the painting “Oak Grove”. A monumental work, a painting of light, a painting of delight and inspiration. An incredible feeling of joy and optimism arises at the very first glance at the canvas.
We see real Russian nature middle zone Russia on a clear summer day.
Mighty oaks like huge heroes are illuminated bright sun afternoon. sunlight- this is the main thing actor paintings. It completely envelops the trees, hides and plays in the foliage, jumps on branches, burns on the coastal sand. The light blue clear sky shines through the foliage of powerful trees. There are practically no clouds, only a little on the horizon
The viewer gets the impression that the oak trees froze during a beautiful smooth dance. The trees in the foreground on the left dance in threes, hugging each other with beautifully curved branches. The dance of the pair of oak trees on the right resembles a tango. And, although the tree behind is already dying (it has no top and is leaning toward the ground), its leaves are green and its branches are powerful. The oak tree in the central part of the picture, as well as the others located further inland, dance one at a time.
One gets the feeling that all the oaks are almost the same year of planting - they have the same trunk diameter and tree height. It is possible that they are at least 100 years old. Here and there the bark has cracked and fallen off, the branches have dried up, but this does not affect general state forest heroes.
The monumentality of the picture is enhanced by a huge triangular stone lying on the shore near a small creek.
I.I. In this painting, Shishkin is true to his principles: he draws every leaf, flower, blade of grass, twig and even piece of bark in such detail that it seems that this is not a hand-made painting, but a photograph.
Even the sand—every grain of sand is visible. If the bushes are located here and there, then the artist brought forest flowers to the near foreground in a wave line, as if emphasizing the beauty of the oak grove at the bottom of the canvas.
Amazingly clean forest. There are no fallen branches anywhere to be seen, no tall grass. The feeling of complete comfort and rapturous calm does not leave the viewer. There is absolutely no danger here - most likely, there are no snakes, no anthills are visible. Come, sit or lie down under any tree, relax on the lawn. The whole family and especially children will feel comfortable here: you can run, play, and you won’t get lost.
Drawings, sketches, engravings, etchings.
Essay based on Shishkin’s painting “Rye”, 1878.
The painting “Rye” is one of the most famous works classical landscape painter Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin. It was written at a time when the artist suffered several terrible losses of those closest to him. This is a picture of hope, a picture of a dream about a better future.
On the canvas we see four main elements: road, field, trees, sky. They seem to be separated, but also fused together. But there is another one - invisible - this is the viewer. The artist deliberately places it in the center of the picture in order to take in as much as possible everything that can be seen.
We are standing on a field road. Our companions went far ahead and were almost out of sight. On both sides of the road there is an endless golden field with ripe rye. Heavy ears of corn are bending to the ground, some have already broken. Feels light wind. The swaying of rye ears conveys the delicious aroma of ripened grains.
The road is slightly overgrown, but it is clear that a cart has recently passed along it. The grass is lush, green, there are a lot of wildflowers - it looks like there was a lot of rain this year, and there will be a rich harvest.
Rye (fragment) - swallows in the field
A country road beckons the traveler, calling him to go far, far into the bright distance. But he warns that not everything will always be perfect - thunderous cumulus clouds are gathering on the horizon above the forest. And distant light rumbles of thunder can already be heard. Therefore, a slight anxiety creeps into the viewer. But overhead is a clear summer sky on a hot day.
A flock of birds is hovering high, high in the sky above the field. It is possible that they were frightened by approaching people at the moment when they were feasting on delicious rye grains. And almost at the very ground, swifts flash right in front of us. They fly so low on the road that they are not visible at first glance. The shadow under the birds indicates that the painting depicts midday.
Pine is main element and a symbol of I.I.’s creativity Shishkina. Mighty, tall trees, brightly illuminated by the sun, stand like guards in both the foreground and background of the picture. They seem to create a connection between heaven and earth - the tops of the pine trees point towards blue sky, and the trunks are hidden in a thick and vast rye field.
On the powerful pine tree located on the right side of the canvas, the branches bend heavily to the ground. Almost all of them grow on one side. Apparently, where the trunk is bare, they blow very strong winds. But the tree is straight, only the top is fancifully curved, which gives the pine additional charm. It is interesting that almost all the trees in the picture have two tops.
The feeling of anxiety from the impending thunderstorm is emphasized by the dried tree. It had already died, but did not fall. Although there are no foliage, and most of branches have fallen, but the pine tree stands straight, without bending. And hope arises: what if a miracle happens and the tree comes to life?
The resounding panorama of the native Russian region in the painting “Rye” is a real man-made miracle of the genius of realistic landscape Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin.
Essay based on Shishkin’s painting “Morning in a Pine Forest”, 1889.
Symbolic in all respects, the painting “Morning in a Pine Forest” is familiar to everyone from the various wrappers of the “Teddy Bear” candies. The work is a symbol of Russian nature and its name, like the artist’s surname, has long become a household name.
Early morning. Summer day. The sun had already risen high enough and illuminated top part most of the trees in a pristine area of forest. You can feel the purity and freshness reigning in the pine forest. But the forest is very dry and clean, nowhere to be seen large quantity moss and lichen that grow in damp conditions, and there is no windbreak.
In the foreground is a fallen tree. Several strange details catch your eye. Looking closely at the picture, we see that the broken part of the tree on which the bear cub is standing lies at an angle to the place where the trunk was broken. There is a steep slope below, the lower part of the tree is stuck between a living tree and a tall stump (if you can call a tree without an upper part that way), and the top of the tree did not fall down the slope, but lies somehow on the side, in front of the growing pine tree (on the right on the canvas).
Quite an unnatural position of the fallen trunk. The pine branches have already begun to dry, the needles have turned brown, that is, a lot of time has passed since the tragedy, and the bark is clean without necrosis and there is no lichen. The tree is strong enough, its trunk is not touched by moss, and the needles do not fly off as if the tree was first sick and then fell. They dried up after the fall. Core yellow color, not rotten; The root system of the pine tree is powerful. What could happen for such a strong and healthy tree to be uprooted?
A little bear cub, dreamily looking at the sky, seems light and airy. If he starts jumping on a tree, it will not fall, since the main part is supported by a growing pine tree, and at the bottom the trunk rests on the ground with powerful branches.
Most likely, this is an animal trail that no human has ever set foot on. Otherwise, the she-bear would not have brought the little cubs here. The painting shows unique case- a mother bear with three cubs, usually there are only two. Maybe that’s why the third – the dreamer – is the last one, he is very different from his powerful, heavy, large brothers.
Below in the cliff the fog is still swirling, but here in the foreground it is not there. But it feels cool. Maybe that's why the little bear cubs frolic so much in their thick fur coats? The bear cubs are so cute and fluffy that they only evoke a good feeling.
Mother bear strictly protects her children. It looks like she spotted some kind of predator (maybe an owl or marten?). She quickly turned around and bared her teeth.
Animals are inseparable from nature. They don't appear to be predators. They are part of the Russian forest.
The picture is incredibly harmonious. The landscape of real Russian nature is shown in such a way that huge trees do not fit into the canvas, the tops of the trees are cut off. But the feeling of the great forest only becomes stronger from this.
The name of Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin has been familiar to everyone since childhood: it is his painting that is depicted on the wrapper of the “Bears in the Forest” candy. Besides this outstanding work the painter has dozens of others that hang on the walls of the best museums in the world.
Ivan Ivanovich with titles, located in the Tretyakov Gallery
"Pinery. Mast forest in Vyatka province», « Deciduous forest", "Spruce Forest", "Oaks. Evening”, “Pines illuminated by the sun”, “Oak trees”, “In the forest of Countess Mordvinova. Peterhof”, “Pond in the Old Park”, “Rye”, “Morning in a Pine Forest”, “Afternoon. In the vicinity of Moscow”, “A Walk in the Forest” is just a small but worthy collection of works by the great Russian realist artist. This is Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin. Paintings with titles - twelve canvases in total - are located on the premises of the Tretyakov Gallery, which tourists from all over the world and Muscovites - true connoisseurs of art - strive to visit.
"Morning in a pine forest"
In the 80-90s years XIX centuries were written by Shishkin himself. With the names, the artist was simple, but at the same time original: he did not choose epithets and metaphors, because of which the meaning of the canvas would be double. “Morning in a Pine Forest” - Russian realistic landscape. Looking at the canvas, it is difficult to understand that this is not a photograph, but a painting - Shishkin so skillfully conveyed the play of light and shadows, as well as the activities of his main characters - a mother bear with three cubs. In the dark wilderness of the forest, a random ray of sun that breaks through the heavy crowns of trees is an indicator of the time of day, in in this case- morning.
Work on the painting took place in 1889. Shishkin was helped by the artist Savitsky, who initially insisted on his authorship of the bear figures. However, the collector Tretyakov erased his signature and ordered that the painting become the full-fledged brainchild of Ivan Shishkin. Art historians have proven that “Morning in a Pine Forest” was painted from life. The painter spent a long time choosing an animal that could become a symbol of the Russian forest: a wild boar, an elk or a bear. However, Shishkin liked the first two least of all. In search of the perfect bears and suitable forest, he traveled all over the place and, having met a brown family, wrote it down from memory. From the moment of conception to the complete completion of work on the canvas, 4 years have passed, and today “Morning in a Pine Forest” flaunts in the Tretyakov Gallery, like other paintings by the artist Shishkin (there are no problems with the names, all works are signed).
"In the Wild North"
Looking at this the most famous painting, one involuntarily recalls stanzas from Lermontov’s poem, which are a continuation of this landscape by Shishkin: “... A pine tree stands alone on the bare top, And it sleeps, swaying, and is dressed in loose snow like a robe.” The work was prepared for the fiftieth anniversary of the death of Mikhail Yuryevich and became a worthy illustration of the collection of his poems. Some other paintings by Ivan Shishkin (with titles) are also included in the books fiction, which proves the painter’s invaluable contribution to the development of Russian art of the 19th century.
The artist Byalynitsky-Birulya highly appreciated the painting “In the Wild North” and commented that Lermontov would be happy to see such a worthy illustration for his poem. Like a poet with words, so with a brush and paint, a painter conveys a mood, in this case, thoughtful and a little sad. The motive of loneliness is obvious: at the edge of the cliff there is a pine tree, separated from the rest of the forest, whose branches are heavy from the piled snow. Ahead is a blue abyss, above is a clear but sad sky of the same color. Pure white snow, occupying one third of the picture, shines in the rays of the sun, but it is not destined to melt soon, because weather in the wild north it is very harsh.
"Rye"
Known to many art connoisseurs since childhood, it was painted in 1878. The painting “Rye” conveys the breadth of the Russian land and the soul of the Russian people: two-thirds of the canvas is occupied by a blue sky with low snow-white clouds, and the rest of the space is devoted to a rye field, in some places of which sprouts tall pines. This tree has forever become a symbol of the Russian land. Looking at the painting “Rye”, one involuntarily recalls the lines from O. Mandelstam’s poetry: “And the pine tree reaches the star...”. If the poet had lived at the time of painting, Shishkin would probably have borrowed this stanza. The paintings with the titles of this artist convey the simplicity, kindness and depth of his soul, but the concept of the work becomes clear after a long and close look. There is nothing majestic or intriguing in the title “Rye”, as it seems at first glance, but if you look closely at the majestic pines that stand like heroes, you get the impression that these trees are a kind of protectors of the rye fields and the entire Russian land.
"Italian Boy"
Ivan Shishkin was the most enlightened artist of Russian realism, so he considered it his duty to depict on canvas not only landscapes, but also portraits, of which there are not many in the painter’s collection. However, this does not make the author’s talent any less - it is worth taking a look at the work “The Italian Boy”. The year the portrait was painted is unknown, but Ivan Ivanovich probably created it in late period of your creativity. There are similarities with the self-portrait that Shishkin himself worked on in 1856. Paintings (with titles), most of which are landscapes, are located in the Tretyakov Gallery and other reputable government institutions, but the fate of the “Italian Boy” remains unknown.
"Cutting Wood"
Fallen trees are a common occurrence, which was depicted by Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin. Paintings with the titles “Pine Forest”, “Logs. The village of Konstantinovka near Krasnoe Selo" and "Cutting the Forest" demonstrate this the best way. Last work the author is the most famous. Shishkin worked on “Cutting Woods” in 1867 during a trip to Valaam. beauty pine forest, majestic and defenseless, was often depicted by Ivan Ivanovich on canvases, and the moment when he demonstrates the consequences of human invasion of virgin lands is especially tragic. What awaits the rest of the trees that stand in the background is known to Shishkin himself, but the stumps chopped off at the roots evoke melancholy and testify to the superiority of man over nature.
