The cruiser "Varyag" is a legend of the Russian fleet. It was built at the William Crump and Sons shipyard in Philadelphia (USA) to order Russian Empire and was launched from the Philadelphia docks (October 19) November 1, 1899. By technical specifications"Varyag" had no equal - it became the most fast cruiser Russian fleet, was equipped with powerful cannon and torpedo weapons, equipped with telephones, electrification, equipped with a radio station and steam boilers of the latest modification. In 1901, the Varyag entered service with the Russian Navy and was sent to Far East to strengthen the squadron Pacific Ocean. During the Russo-Japanese War, on February 9, 1904, the first-rank cruiser Varyag and the gunboat Koreets were blocked by a Japanese squadron of 15 ships in the Korean port of Chemulpo. The Russian sailors rejected the offer to surrender and lower their flags and entered into an unequal battle, which they lost. After the battle, the "Korean" was blown up, the "Varyag" was sunk. In 1905, the Japanese raised the Varyag and introduced it into their fleet under the name Soya. During the First World War, in 1916, Russia bought the Varyag from former enemies along with other captured ships of the First Pacific Squadron.
On March 22, 1916, the cruiser received former name, was enlisted in the flotilla of the Northern Arctic Ocean as a flagship, and on March 27, 1916, the St. George flag was raised on it again. The ship needed serious repairs. In February 1917 he was sent to the Glasgow shipyard. However, after the Russian revolution, Britain confiscated the cruiser for debts from the tsarist government and sold it to Germany as scrap metal in 1920. The Varyag's journey ended in 1920: on its way to being dismantled, the cruiser sat on rocks and sank off the coast of South Scotland, in the Firth of Clyde, near the village of Lendelfoot. In the spring of 2003, filming of the two-part documentary television film “Cruiser “Varyag”” began in Russia, and in the summer of the same year a special expedition was organized to search for the remains of the “Varyag” in the Irish Sea with the participation of Russian scuba divers. July 3, 2003 film crew discovered two miles from Lendelfoot, at a depth of 6-8 meters, the hull of the Varyag destroyed by an explosion. Russian scuba divers managed to bring several fragments of the legendary cruiser to the surface. The grandson of the Varyag commander Vsevolod Fedorovich Rudnev, Nikita Rudnev, who specially flew in from France, took part in the underwater expedition. On July 30, 2006, in the Scottish village of Lendelfoot, not far from the place where the Varyag found its final refuge, the opening took place memorial plaque in honor of the legendary Russian cruiser. On September 11, 2007, the monument to “Varyag” was unveiled. The monument was erected in the village of Lendelfoot - it was there, in the Irish Sea, that a Russian cruiser sank in 1920.
The legend of the Russian fleet - the cruiser "Varyag" was built to order Russian government at the William Crump and Sons shipyard in Philadelphia, USA and launched on October 19 (November 1), 1899.
At that time, "Varyag" was well equipped:
- Powerful cannon and torpedo weapons.
- Phoned.
- Electrified.
- Equipped with a radio station.
- The cruiser was equipped with steam boilers of the latest modification.
- The cruiser "Varyag" was the fastest at that time.
In 1901, the cruiser "Varyag" as part of the Navy of the Russian Empire was sent to the Far East and strengthened the Pacific Ocean squadron.
The Varyag took part in the Russo-Japanese War and on February 9, 1904, together with the gunboat Koreets, were blocked by a Japanese squadron in the Korean port of Chemulpo. To the Japanese ultimatum, lower the flags and surrender, captain of the cruiser "Varyag" Vsevolod Fedorovich Rudnev I decided not to give up.
Having accepted an unequal battle and receiving damage, the cruiser "Varyag", although it suffered big losses among the crew (31 people killed, 91 wounded and shell-shocked, 100 people slightly wounded), but still caused significant damage to the enemy.
Due to the impossibility of fighting any longer, the Varyag and the Koreets returned to the neutral Korean port of Chempulpo. There the Varyag was sunk and the Koreets was blown up.
Russian sailors were redirected on neutral ships to Russia. For this battle, the captain of the cruiser "Varyag" Rudnev and other officers received the Order of St. George, 4th degree, and the lower ranks received the Cross of St. George, 4th degree. The crew of the cruiser "Varyag" was awarded a personalized watch.
After the Russo-Japanese War a museum in memory of the heroes of the cruiser "Varyag" was opened in Seoul, A cruiser captain V.F. Rudnev was awarded the order Rising sun.
In memory of the heroic battle of the legendary cruiser, the song “Our proud Varyag does not surrender to the enemy” was written.
But the fate of the cruiser "Varyag" did not end there. In 1905, it was raised from the bottom by the Japanese and repaired. In 1907 introduced into the composition Imperial Navy Japan as a 2nd class cruiser called Soya.
In 1916, when Russia and Japan became allies, the cruiser Soya was bought by Russia and returned to Vladivostok under the former name Varyag.
And after the 1917 revolution in Russia, the new government refused to pay its debts Tsarist Russia and the cruiser "Varyag" was confiscated by the British for debts. Then in 1920 it was resold to the Germans for scrapping. And in 1925, while towing the cruiser Varyag for dismantling, the ship was caught in a storm and sank off the coast of South Scotland, in the Firth of Clyde, near the village of Lendelfoot.
In 2003, filming began in Russia in memory of the legendary cruiser Varyag and an expedition was organized in the Irish Sea to find and recover the remains of the ship. The grandson of the captain of the legendary cruiser, Nikita Rudnev, flew in from France especially for this purpose. The expedition managed to recover several fragments of the sunken cruiser from the bottom.
Good evening, dear readers of the Sprint-Answer website. In this article you can find out the correct answer to the thirteenth (last) question in the game show "Who wants to become a millionaire?" for January 6, 2018. This was a repeat of the November 19, 2016 episode. Marat Basharov and Anastasia Volochkova took part in the game. On the site you can find all the answers to the questions in this game.
Where was the cruiser "Varyag" built and launched in 1899?
"Varangian" - armored cruiser 1st rank of the 1st Pacific Squadron of the Russian Navy in 1901-1904. Participant in the battle at Chemulpo (1904). The cruiser was laid down in 1898. Construction took place in Philadelphia at the William Cramp and Sons shipyards. In 1900 the ship was transferred to Navy Russian Empire and went into operation in 1901.
The cruiser "Varyag" was built in the USA in Philadelphia. And it was built specifically for the Russian Empire. It is also known that it was launched in Philadelphia on November 1, 1899. That's why the right option The answer to this question will, of course, be the USA.
A: in Germany
B: in the Netherlands
C: in the USA
D: in the UK
The correct answer to the question: in the USA, the players refused to answer the question and took the winnings in the amount of 400,000 rubles.
November 1 marked 110 years since the legendary cruiser Varyag was launched.
The cruiser "Varyag" was built by order of the Russian Empire at the William Crump and Sons shipyard in Philadelphia (USA). It left the Philadelphia docks on November 1 (October 19, O.S.), 1899.
In terms of technical characteristics, the Varyag had no equal: equipped with powerful cannon and torpedo weapons, it was also the fastest cruiser in Russia. In addition, the Varyag was equipped with telephones, electrification, and a radio station and steam boilers of the latest modification.
After testing in 1901, the ship was presented to St. Petersburg residents.
In May 1901, the cruiser was sent to the Far East to strengthen the Pacific squadron. In February 1902, the cruiser, having sailed halfway around the world, dropped anchor in the Port Arthur roadstead. From that moment his service began as part of the squadron. In December 1903, the cruiser was sent to the neutral Korean port of Chemulpo to serve as a stationary vessel. In addition to the Varyag, there were ships of the international squadron on the roadstead. On January 5, 1904, the Russian gunboat "Koreets" arrived at the roadstead.
On the night of January 27 (February 9, new style), 1904, the Japanese warships opened fire on the Russian squadron, which was stationed in the Port Arthur roadstead. The Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) began, lasting 588 days.
The cruiser "Varyag" and the gunboat "Koreets", located in the Korean Bay of Chemulpo, were blocked by a Japanese squadron on the night of February 9, 1904. The crews of Russian ships, trying to break through from Chemulpo to Port Arthur, entered into an unequal battle with a Japanese squadron, which included 14 destroyers.
During the first hour of the battle in the Tsushima Strait, the crew of the Russian cruiser fired more than 1.1 thousand shells. "Varyag" and "Koreets" disabled three cruisers and a destroyer, but they themselves received heavy damage. The ships returned to the port of Chemulpo, where they received an ultimatum from the Japanese to surrender. Russian sailors rejected him. By decision of the officers' council, the Varyag was sunk and the Koreets was blown up. This feat became a symbol of the courage and bravery of Russian sailors.
For the first time in Russian history all participants in the battle (about 500 people) were awarded the highest military award - St. George's Cross. After the celebrations, the Varyag crew was disbanded, the sailors entered service on other ships, and commander Vsevolod Rudnev was awarded, promoted, and retired.
The actions of the "Varyag" during the battle delighted even the enemy - after the Russian-Japanese War, the Japanese government created a museum in Seoul in memory of the heroes of the "Varyag" and awarded its commander Vsevolod Rudnev the Order of the Rising Sun.
After the legendary battle in Chemulpo Bay, the Varyag lay at the bottom of the Yellow Sea more than a year. It was not until 1905 that the wreck was raised, repaired, and commissioned into the Imperial Japanese Navy under the name Soya. For more than 10 years, the legendary ship served as a training vessel for Japanese sailors, but out of respect for its heroic past, the Japanese kept the inscription on the stern - “Varyag”.
In 1916, Russia acquired former Russian warships Peresvet, Poltava and Varyag from its now ally Japan. After paying 4 million yen, the Varyag was enthusiastically received in Vladivostok and on March 27, 1916, the St. Andrew's flag was raised again on the cruiser. The ship was enlisted in the Guards crew and sent to reinforce the Kola detachment of the Arctic Fleet. On November 18, 1916, the cruiser "Varyag" was solemnly welcomed in Murmansk. Here she was appointed the flagship Marine forces defense of the Kola Bay.
However, the cruiser's engines and boilers required immediate overhaul, and the artillery required rearmament. Just a few days before February Revolution"Varyag" went to England, to the ship repair docks of Liverpool. The Varyag remained in the Liverpool dock from 1917 to 1920. The necessary funds for its repair (300 thousand pounds) were never allocated. After 1917, the Bolsheviks permanently erased the Varyag as a hero of the Tsarist fleet from the history of the country.
In February 1920, while being towed through the Irish Sea to Glasgow (Scotland), where it was sold for scrap, the cruiser was caught in a strong storm and sat on rocks. All attempts to save the ship were unsuccessful. In 1925, the cruiser was partially dismantled on site, and the 127-meter hull was blown up.
It was withdrawn in 1947 feature film“The cruiser “Varyag”, and on February 8, 1954, on the eve of the 50th anniversary of the “Varyag” feat, a gala evening was held in Moscow with the participation of veterans of the Battle of Chemulpo, where on behalf of the Soviet government the “Varangian” heroes were awarded medals “For Courage”. Anniversary celebrations took place in many cities across the country.
On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the heroic battle in 2004, the Russian delegation erected a monument to the Russian sailors "Varyag" and "Koreyts" in Chemulpo Bay. At the opening of the memorial in the port of Incheon ( former city Chemulpo) the flagship was present Pacific Fleet Russian guards missile cruiser "Varyag".
The current "Varyag" is the successor of the same name legendary ship first generation - armed with a powerful multi-purpose strike missile system, which allows you to hit surface and ground targets at a considerable distance. Also in its arsenal are rocket launchers, torpedo tubes and several artillery installations of various calibers and purposes. Therefore in NATO Russian ships This class is figuratively called “aircraft carrier killers.”
In 2007, in Scotland, where the legendary "Varyag" found its last refuge, it was opened memorial complex, which was attended by the large anti-submarine ship (BOD) of the Russian Navy "Severomorsk". These monuments, made in Russian maritime traditions, became the first memorials to the Russian military spirit abroad of Russia and eternal symbol gratitude and pride of descendants.
In 2009, on the occasion of the 105th anniversary of the legendary battle with the Japanese squadron, a unique international exhibition project “Cruiser “Varyag” was created. The discovery of relics, including genuine rarities from the legendary ship and gunboat “Koreets” from the collections of Russian and Korean museums. A similar exhibition , demonstrating relics of the Russian fleet has never been seen in Russian history.
The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources
Cruiser "Varyag"
- legend of the Russian fleet. It was built in Philadelphia (USA) and launched in 1899. During the Russo-Japanese War on February 9, 1904, the first-rank cruiser Varyag and the gunboat Koreets were blocked by a Japanese squadron of 15 ships in the Korean port of Chemulpo. The Russian sailors rejected the offer to surrender and lower their flags and entered into an unequal battle, which they heroically lost. 
1904 The commander of the cruiser “Varyag”, captain of the first rank Rudnev, through the Russian consul, receives an official ultimatum from the Japanese Admiral Uriu with the requirement to leave the port of Chemulpo before noon. Allied protests were unsuccessful. Russian warships were trapped. There was no need to count on help: there were no other warships nearby, which, undoubtedly, was a strategic mistake by the command of the Pacific Fleet.Shortly before 11 o’clock, Commander Rudnev addressed the cruiser’s crew: “There can be no talk of surrender - we will not surrender the cruiser to them, nor ourselves, and we will fight to the last opportunity and to the last drop of blood.”
The unequal battle lasted about an hour. During this time, the Varyag fired 1,105 shells at the enemy, the Korean 52. The gunboat’s guns were not so long-range, and therefore the Korean entered the battle much later, at closer ranges. According to the commander's report, one destroyer was sunk by Varyag's fire and 4 Japanese cruisers Asama, Chiyoda, Takachiho and Naniwa were damaged; presumably, the enemy lost about 30 people killed and about 200 wounded.
According to naval tradition, the sailors changed into “clean” clothes, realizing that under the current circumstances they would not survive. The ship's priest, Father Mikhail, served a prayer service “For the granting of victory.”Soon the “Varyag” and “Koreets” weighed anchor. On the fearless cruiser, a flag signal flew up across the international arch: “Do not remember in a bad way!” The crews of foreign warships, lined up on the decks, saluted Russian sailors, their fearlessness and unparalleled courage. Russian ships went to their last Stand to the sound of drums and Allied national anthems. As a sign of special respect, the brass bands of the Allied warships performed and National anthem Russian Empire. The Japanese squadron was waiting for Russian ships 10 miles from Chemulpo. Even a battle on the open sea, where the Varyag could use its speed and maneuverability, did not bode well for the Russian sailors. Here, in a narrow channel, six cruisers and seven or eight destroyers were waiting for them, many of which were of modern construction, and also possessed much more advanced and powerful weapons. Two cruisers were armored, the protection and armament class of which was significantly higher than that of the armored Varyag. Simply put, the undaunted “Varyag” challenged the powerful Japanese squadron, which would shoot it in any case. He will shoot in cold blood and mercilessly. The chances of breaking through to the open sea with a fight were negligible.
Russia's allies took an active part in the rescue of Russian sailors: boats and boats were sent to remove them from the doomed ships, and military doctors were sent to help the wounded. Russian sailors, both wounded and those who were not injured, were taken on board by French, English and Italian ships.
And only the representative of the American navy did not accept a single wounded person on board and did not even send his doctors to provide assistance to those in need, citing the lack of permission from Washington.
At 18 hours 10 minutes the undefeated Varyag turned over on board, and the muzzles of its guns in last time soared to the sky. Soon the cruiser disappeared under the water... It lay on the seabed with its wounded left side, as if there it was going to fight the Japanese armada with the last surviving starboard guns. The gunboat Koreets was blown up and shared the heroic fate of the Varyag thousands of miles from its native shores.
To this it should also be added thatafter Russo-Japanese War Japanese government created in Seoul memorial museum heroes of Varyag, and the commander of the legendary cruiser was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun.
And the creation of a museum perpetuating the memory of former military opponents, and especially the awarding of a high award to the commander of an enemy ship state award for the fact that he sank their destroyer and damaged several cruisers - an extremely rare case and contrary to the generally accepted traditions of the vast majority of countries. But not everyone: the Japanese have a completely different mentality and therefore their government was able to rise above conventions and, by awarding a military order to its former enemy, thereby giving the highest rating his personal feat.It should be clarified that for many centuries, samurai fought fierce wars among themselves, during which their Bushido code of honor was formulated. According to this code, the highest valor for a warrior is selfless courage, skillful use of weapons, impeccable adherence to duty and contempt for death. Apparently, it was these qualities that they saw in Rudnev’s character. And the fact that he was their enemy changed little for them. The main thing is that in his spirit he turned out to be the same samurai as themselves, and the Japanese respected such opponents and admired their courage.
In 1905, the Japanese raised the Varyag and introduced it into their fleet under the name Soya. During the First World War, in 1916, Russia bought the Varyag from its former enemies along with other captured ships of the First Pacific Squadron. On March 22, 1916, the cruiser, which received its former name, was enlisted in the Arctic Ocean flotilla as a flagship, and on March 27, 1916, the St. George pennant was raised on it again. The ship needed serious repairs. In February 1917 he was sent to the Glasgow shipyards. However, after the Russian revolution, Britain confiscated the cruiser for debts from the tsarist government and sold it to Germany as scrap metal in 1920. The Varyag’s journey ended in 1920: on its way to being dismantled, the cruiser sat on rocks and sank off the coast of South Scotland, in the Firth of Clyde, near the village of Lendelfoot. In the spring of 2003, filming of the two-part documentary television film Cruiser "Varyag" began in Russia and in the summer of the same year a special expedition was organized to search for the remains of the Varyag in the Irish Sea with the participation of Russian scuba divers. On July 3, 2003, the film crew discovered two miles from Lendelfoot, at a depth of 6 -8 meters, the hull of the Varyag destroyed by the explosion. Russian scuba divers managed to lift several fragments of the legendary cruiser to the surface. Nikita Rudnev, the grandson of the Varyag commander Vsevolod Fedorovich Rudnev, took part in the underwater expedition, who specially flew in from France on July 30, 2006 in the Scottish village of Lendelfoot. in the place where Varyag found his last refuge, a memorial plaque was unveiled in honor of the legendary Russian cruiser. On September 11, 2007, a monument to Varyag was opened in the village of Lendelfoot, it was there, in the Irish Sea, that the Russian cruiser sank in 1920.
