Secrets of Nasa. What is Nasa hiding? Use of whale oil in satellites

AWAKENING 2017 (full film)

The idea for the video itself arose when I discovered many hundreds of testimonies from people, and among them the respected, famous people, witnesses, high-ranking scientists, military, politicians. Secret space programs. NASA research. Secret bases on Mars. Corey Goode, William Tompkins, Clifford Stone, Vladimir Kovalenok, Pavel Popovich, Georgy Grechko, Edgar Mitchell, Gordon Cooper. FSB Colonel Vladimir Zorin and General Vasily Eremenko. Leonid Ivashov, Alexey Savin. Laura Eisenhower, Randy Kramer, Michael Salla, Steven Greer, David Wilcock, David Icke...

Be warned: Watching this movie will probably change your life forever!

70 most powerful testimonies! This video will talk about the presence of aliens on Earth, about alien bases, what aliens are doing on our planet, about contacts of the military and presidents with aliens. Area 51 in the USA. The Apollo missions, Buzz Aldrin, Neil Armstrong and the fact that they saw a UFO on the moon, a secret military base. Mysteries of the Moon. NASA research, conference and broadcast. The moon revealed its secrets. Secret bases on Mars. Mars is inhabited by humans and other alien races. Nordic aliens, reptilians, dracos, insectoids, grace in area 51. Space flights. Russia and America know about aliens and are creating secret space programs. Secret information was provided by Corey Goode, William Tompkins, Clifford Stone, Boyd Bushman, former Canadian Defense Minister and Deputy Prime Minister Paul Hellyer, former President Bill Clinton and Barack Obama. Former President Dmitry Medvedev about aliens, US President Donald Trump and the head of the European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker, the European Union, cosmonauts Vladimir Kovalenok, Pavel Popovich, Georgy Grechko, Edgar Mitchell, Gordon Cooper, Scott Carpenter spoke about aliens. A story about a UFO, FSB Colonel Vladimir Zorin and General Vasily Eremenko. Military pilots, Marina Popovich. The secrets of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR and Russia were told by General Nikolai Antoshkin, Leonid Ivashov, Alexey Savin, Nikolai Rogozenko. CIA secrets about Mars. What is the Pentagon hiding? Attraction online. Laura Eisenhower, Corey Goode, Randy Kramer, Andrew De Basiaga, Tony Rodriguez spoke about secret secret space programs in interviews. The information was given in Russian by researcher and writer Michael Salla, Stephen Greer, Milton Cooper, Timothy Goode, David Wilcock, David Icke (translation into Russian). Pavel Sviridov, Alexander Semenov, Vladimir Shemshuk, Valentina Sidorova, Vladimir Kolyverov. Anomalies, Atmosphere, Archeology, guesses, Disclosure, concealment, Hypotheses, Space, Science, Floods, Predictions, Sun, Element, Supernatural, Accidents, Ecology, Aliens, Reptilians, Secrets, The End of the World will not happen, Astronomy, Secret Space, Dwight Eisenhower , Secret World Government, World Conspiracy, Grays, Alien Mind, World Mind, Supreme Intelligence, Types of Aliens, Alien Races, Types of Aliens, Ufology, Prophecies, Technologies, Exclusive, Inexplicable, Forbidden, War, Secret, Deception, Moon, Missions on the Moon, Secret bases, Apollo 20, Area 51, Galaxies, Incredible, shot down a UFO, Miracles.

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Post the link on social networks and send it to your friends. Posting in popular (and any) groups, public pages, forums, websites, and so on will help a lot. If we all spend 3 minutes a day and post it in at least one new place every day for this year, we will achieve a MILLION views in 2017. This will change people’s consciousness, will force many to get out of their “boxes” and go looking for information, including here on the forum. Informing people about the reality of the alien presence, contacts with alien races, technologies, secret space programs will be important and feasible actions to bring the EVENT closer. When “they” (those who participate and hide) are truly exposed, “they” will have to leave. And our World will change for the better.

Although Americans for decades believed that NASA was a purely civilian agency, open and making available to the public all the information obtained as a result of space exploration, they were deeply mistaken. IN lately it became clear that due to considerations " national security“A lot of things (and the most interesting ones!) were classified, and only now the veil over some of NASA’s secrets is beginning to be lifted.

There was already contact!

In 1994, Edgar Mitchell, the 6th astronaut to land on the moon, was in Russia for an event about parapsychological research. After his speech, journalists were allowed to ask him a few questions. I asked Mitchell if he had seen aliens on the moon. Smiling, he replied that he himself would love to meet aliens, but they were not on the moon.

Alas, Americans know how to beautifully tell lies, remember how sincerely, with open smiles, American politicians promised the leadership of our country that they would not expand NATO, as they convincingly spoke about weapons mass destruction in Iraq... So Mitchell, in response to all questions regarding UFOs and aliens, said that he did not have any information on these topics.

However, in the lives of many people there comes a time when they no longer fear for their careers, or even for their lives - this is old age. Therefore, it is in old age that many begin to tell the truth. Relatively recently, 77-year-old Edgar Mitchell said in an interview that aliens have already come into contact with people several times, but information about this has been hidden from the world for 60 years. He said that during his service at NASA he knew about many UFO visits to Earth, each of which was classified and carefully hidden from the public.

According to Mitchell, the aliens are not very different from the image that has been popularized in recent years in science fiction films and illustrations for ufological articles: they have a large head with huge eyes and a flimsy small body. They are so far ahead of Earthlings technologically that “if they are hostile,” Mitchell warned, “then we are screwed.” The moon explorer also touched upon the incident near Roswell in 1947. According to him, an extraterrestrial ship actually crashed there, and similar accidents happened in other places.

“I was lucky enough to touch the fact that our planet has been visited and that UFOs are a reality,” Mitchell said. “For the last 60 years or so, all our governments have been keeping this under wraps, but gradually information leaked out and some of us were lucky enough to learn a little about it. I have spoken with representatives of military and intellectual circles who know that beneath the surface of popular knowledge lies the answer - yes, we have been visited by aliens. If you read the newspapers recently, it will become clear that this happens quite often.”

It is curious that the host of the program, Nick Margerrison, listening to Mitchell’s revelations, simply did not believe his ears and at first even thought “that he had stumbled upon a certain kind of astronaut humor,” but then he realized “that aliens really live in space and this is not up for discussion.”

NASA's reaction to Mitchell's words was not long in coming; an agency spokesman said: “NASA does not track UFOs. NASA is not involved in any information regarding alien life on this planet or anywhere in space. Dr. Mitchell - great American, but on this issue we do not share his opinion.” Pay attention to the word “opinion”, it is appropriate to respond to some ufologist who, based on indirect data, concluded that NASA was hiding the truth about UFOs, but in the case of Mitchell - a person clearly in the know - we must talk about the information he voiced. And so the “opinion” in NASA’s response can be interpreted as fiction, which, without a doubt, does not correspond to the truth.

Crystal Towers of the Moon

In an interview, former NASA employee Richard Hoagland said: “I believe that the Apollo project confirmed the existence of an ancient, but still human civilization on the Moon. It was laid down by our ancestors in what kind of tribe it’s scary to think. But we were able to make public only a small part of the information obtained by NASA that humans once inhabited the entire solar system."

Isn't it a sensational statement?! It may seem incredible to many, but recently the information that the history of intelligent civilization on our planet is not as simple and straightforward as it seemed quite recently has become increasingly significant. In the light of the series mysterious finds in the ancient layers of the Earth, the hypothesis of the British physicist Lyndon Meredith that an advanced earthly civilization, which managed to go into space and get to Mars, no longer seems crazy, destroyed itself in nuclear conflict 30 million years ago.

Perhaps it was this civilization that left traces of its activities on the Moon and Mars, which former NASA employees Richard S. Hoagland and Ken Johnston have spoken about in recent years at a number of press conferences and interviews. If you believe them, NASA has been hiding information about the discovery of traces on the Moon for 40 years ancient civilization. Recently it was translated into Russian and published a rather impressive and very interesting book Richard S. Hoagland and Mike Bara's Dark Mission. The Secret History of NASA." In it, the authors prove that NASA almost regularly conceals or deliberately distorts various important information about space.

While studying photographs taken by the American manned Apollo mission and unmanned spacecraft, Hoagland noticed unusual geometrically regular formations. For example, in image LO-III-84M (Lunar Orbiter mission), the researcher discovered a mysterious “pin-shaped” structure that protruded 1.5 miles above the surface of the Moon. In this object, Hoagland found a clear geometric organization that consisted of "repeating complex internal crystalline forms." These were cells, although damaged, but still clearly visible. The researcher had the full impression “that this is a complex glassy artificial object of varying sizes, now severely damaged in the process of a very long meteorite bombardment.”

In the same image, Hoagland was able to spot a glass “megacube” rising at the top of a “brilliant glass tower.” This entire structure rose seven miles above the surface of the Moon! There were other objects that seemed to be suspended above the surface of the Earth's satellite. Hoagland had the idea that a huge artificial dome once existed in this place, of which only fragments now remain. The researcher called it the “Dome of the Middle Sea.”

And in image AS10-32-4822, taken from Apollo 10, Hoagland found “an unusually regular rectangular convex repeating three dimensional drawing" The rows of lines looked like streets, all the details gave rise to the idea that in the picture ancient city, significantly destroyed by prolonged meteorite bombardment. Hoagland called it "Los Angeles on the Moon." At the moment, no hypothesis can explain the formation of this “Los Angeles” in a natural way; it turns out that it is artificial and, therefore, may actually be a city.

I would like to dwell on one more interesting object discovered by Hoagland, the so-called “Castle”. This object, somewhat reminiscent of the Schloss Neuschwansch castle built by King Ludwig II of Bavaria, is suspended above the lunar surface at an altitude of about 9 miles. The “castle” is a rather geometrically complex object, some of Russian authors nicknamed him " Stalin's skyscraper"(actually similar!).

Of course, the first question that arises is how did such a colossus end up suspended at such a significant height? According to Hoagland, the “Castle” is another part of the huge “Dome of the Middle Sea”. Maybe this dome was mounted on a heavy-duty frame, which, due to its “elegance” and dark color, is simply not visible in the photographs? Perhaps, this riddle will be solved only on the Moon, when humanity reaches its night star again.

During his research, Hoagland learned that NASA was retouching negatives (not photographs!), which meant one thing - the data obtained from photographing the Moon could never be reproduced in the original. He learned another outrageous fact from former NASA employee Ken Johnston. He said that he was forced to carry out the orders of his superiors and destroy all copies of the original lunar photographs - tens of thousands of photographs of the Moon! True (praise be to Ken!), Johnston did not destroy one set; he kept some of the photographs for himself, and secretly transferred most of them to the University of Oklahoma. In these surviving photographs, Hoagland discovered a number of mysterious anomalies, apparently artificial. They fully confirmed his assumption that there were ruins of ancient civilizations on the Moon, which, of course, NASA categorically denied.

Secrets of the Red Planet

The possibility of discovering extraterrestrial artifacts in the solar system was first discussed in 1976, when a photograph taken orbital station Viking 1, a mysterious Person has been discovered. A photograph of him instantly spread across all the newspapers of the world. However, at a special press conference, NASA quickly cooled the heads of the optimists who were dreaming of a sensational discovery. NASA said the Face was just a “play of light and shadow,” and other photographs of the same place taken later showed nothing resembling it. It later turned out that this statement was not true.

Few people know that Viking 2 was supposed to land in Cydonia, where the Face was discovered. However, the landing site was immediately changed, this was explained by the large unevenness of the terrain, established from photographs of Sidonia. "Viking? 2" was planted on the Utopian plain, where the terrain was even worse than in Sidonia...

At first no one thought anything of it special significance, only later did researchers begin to get the impression that NASA was doing everything to discourage public interest in this mysterious formation. When researchers Vince DiPietro and Greg Molenaar tried to find other photographs of the Face in 1979, including those disproving his existence, they found nothing, the photographs mysteriously disappeared... And this is in the agency where there should be perfect order! By chance, we managed to find only one “incorrectly registered” photograph of the Face, which confirmed its existence and even allowed us to establish the presence of a second eye socket!

In addition to the Face in Sidonia, it was possible to discover a number of other mysterious objects, which were included in the so-called “Sydonia Complex”. These were mountains that were very reminiscent of pyramids, the “Fortress” object, which had a triangular shape and two straight walls, etc. All research concerning Sidonia was met with active opposition from NASA. The researchers’ articles were not published in specialized journals, but in them “ green light” received by their critics with false arguments.

It would seem that NASA should have taken photographs of Cydonia again at the first opportunity and thus put an end to all conversations about its mysteries, but the agency refused to consider photographing this section of Mars as a priority task for subsequent missions... It got to the point that when flying to In 1998, Mars Global Surveyor, only under public pressure, did NASA agree to take new photographs of the Face.

When the photo of the Face was published, all enthusiasts of existence in the past intelligent life bitter disappointment awaited on Mars - there was nothing in the photograph reminiscent of the first photograph that became famous. Numerous revealing and ironic articles have appeared in the media directed against those who for many years spoke about artificial objects in Sidonia.

However, the researchers did not give up, but began to study the materials provided by NASA. First, it was possible to establish that incorrect image parameters were published (NASA admitted this and apologized), then experts came to the conclusion that the original image of the Face was processed using various filters and it was changed beyond recognition... That is, the public was provided with an almost fake image! However, the resulting images of Sidonia still allowed Hoagland and his team to confirm the presence of a number of supposedly artificial objects and even find new ones.

Moreover, researchers and enthusiasts who joined them began to find mysterious objects in photographs of other areas of Mars, these were tubular structures and even entire cities consisting of blocks resembling destroyed buildings. Dr. M. Malin published several more photographs of the Face and its fragments in subsequent years; in one, the researchers were even able to discern the pupil in the eye socket!

In 2001, under pressure from the Hoagland group and the public, NASA published a rather nice shot Faces made by MGS. At the same time, NASA carried out another campaign in the media to discredit the Hoagland group, because there were no human features in the photo of the Face. As it turned out later, this image was also pre-processed.

Meanwhile, infrared images from Mars Odyssey showed the presence of a series of ordered rectangular shapes under the sediment in the Chaos region, for which there was no geological explanation. These could only be the foundations and remains of the walls of once erected buildings! The same thing was discovered beneath the surface of Sidonia!

During the investigation of NASA’s “sins,” it was possible to establish that all color photographs of Mars, by order of the agency’s management, were given to the public in red colors, although in fact the colors of the landscapes of this planet are completely different. So, one of the pictures was strikingly reminiscent of Arizona - “ blue sky, brownish-red earth and gray rocks with green splashes”... Why was it necessary to change the colors? The fact is that NASA wanted to present Mars as a lifeless, dead planet, and this is most likely not the case.

The Mars rover "Oportunity" managed to photograph some kind of fossilized marine organism in a piece of rock, but NASA simply destroyed this find without telling the public anything about it. In images taken by Mars rovers, by various researchers Various mysterious artifacts were discovered - from the “skull” of a humanoid to the “statue” of a Martian woman and the fossilized “claw” of some sea animal. We even managed to see something like a round coin with a diameter of about 3 cm!

Despite all the efforts of NASA, information objectionable to the agency is still slowly but surely becoming known to the public. Of course, this is only a small part, and how much must be hidden in some secret archives!

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On the obelisk above the grave of our great compatriot K.E. Tsiolkovsky quotes his textbook words: “Humanity will not remain on Earth forever, but, in pursuit of light and space, it will first timidly penetrate beyond the atmosphere, and then conquer all the circumsolar space.”

All his life, Tsiolkovsky dreamed of the cosmic future of humanity and peered into its fantastic horizons with the inquisitive gaze of a scientist. He was not alone. The beginning of the twentieth century for many was the discovery of the Universe, although visible through the prism scientific misconceptions of that time and the imagination of writers. The Italian Schiaparelli discovered “canals” on Mars - and humanity became convinced that civilization existed on Mars. Burroughs and A. Tolstoy populated this imaginary Mars with human-like inhabitants, and after them hundreds of science fiction writers followed their example.

Earthlings are simply accustomed to the idea that there is life on Mars, and that this life is intelligent. Therefore, Tsiolkovsky’s call to fly into space was met, if not immediately with enthusiasm, but, in any case, with approval. Only 50 years passed after Tsiolkovsky’s first speeches, and in the country to which he dedicated and transferred all his works, the First Sputnik was launched and the First Cosmonaut flew into space.

It would seem that everything will go further according to the plans of the great dreamer. Tsiolkovsky’s ideas turned out to be so bright that the most famous of his followers, Sergei Pavlovich Korolev, built all his plans for the development of astronautics so that even in the twentieth century a human foot would set foot on Mars. Life has made its own adjustments. Now we are not very sure that a manned expedition to Mars will take place at least before end of XXI century.

Probably, the matter is not only in technical difficulties and fatal circumstances. Any difficulties can be overcome with the wisdom and inquisitiveness of the human mind if a worthy task is set before it. But there is no such task! There is an inherited desire - to fly to Mars, but there is no clear understanding - why? If we look deeper, this question faces our entire manned space program.

Tsiolkovsky saw in space undeveloped spaces for humanity, for which their home planet was becoming cramped. These spaces need to be explored, of course, but first you need to deeply study their properties. Half a century of experience in space exploration shows that very, very much can be explored with automatic devices without risking yourself. high value the universe - human lives. Half a century ago, this idea was still a topic of controversy and discussion, but now, when the power of computers and the capabilities of robots are approaching human limits, these doubts no longer have a place. Over the past forty years automatic devices successfully explore the Moon, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, planetary satellites, asteroids and comets, and the American Voyagers and Pioneers have already reached the borders solar system. Although there are plans space agencies and sometimes there are messages about the preparation of manned missions into deep space, but not a single one has been heard in them yet scientific problem, for the solution of which the work of astronauts is absolutely necessary. So the study of the solar system can continue automatically for a long time.

Let's return, after all, to the problem of space exploration. When will our knowledge about the properties of outer space allow us to begin to inhabit them, and when will we be able to answer the question for ourselves - why?

Let us leave for now the question that in space there is a lot of energy that humanity needs, and there are many mineral resources that may be extracted cheaper in space than on Earth. Both are still on our planet, and they are not the main value of space. The main thing in space is what is extremely difficult for us to ensure on Earth - the stability of living conditions, and, ultimately, the sustainability of the development of human civilization.

Life on Earth is constantly exposed to the risks of natural disasters. Droughts, floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis and other troubles not only cause direct damage to our economy and the well-being of the population, but require effort and expense to restore what was lost. In space, we hope to be free of these familiar threats. If we find other lands where natural natural disasters If they leave us, then this will be the “promised land”, which will become a worthy new home for humanity. The logic of the development of earthly civilization inevitably leads to the idea that in the future, and perhaps not so distant, man will be forced to look outside of planet Earth for a habitat that could accommodate the majority of the population and ensure the continuation of his life in stable and comfortable conditions.

This is exactly what K.E. meant. Tsiolkovsky, when he said that humanity will not remain forever in the cradle. His inquisitive thoughts painted us attractive pictures of life in “etheric settlements,” that is, in large space stations with an artificial climate. The first steps in this direction have already been taken: on permanently inhabited space stations we have learned to maintain almost familiar living conditions. True, the unpleasant factor of these space stations remains weightlessness - unusual and destructive for terrestrial organisms state.

Tsiolkovsky guessed that weightlessness might be undesirable, and proposed creating artificial gravity in ethereal settlements axial rotation stations. This idea was taken up in many “space city” projects. If you look at illustrations of the topic “space settlements” on the Internet, you will see a variety of tori and spoked wheels, glazed on all sides like terrestrial greenhouses.

One can understand Tsiolkovsky, in whose time cosmic radiation was simply unknown, proposing the creation of cosmic greenhouses open to sunlight. On Earth we are protected from radiation by powerful magnetic field home planet and a fairly dense atmosphere. The magnetic field is virtually impenetrable to charged particles emitted by the Sun - it pushes them away from Earth, allowing only a small amount to reach the atmosphere near the magnetic poles and cause colorful auroras.

Today's habitable space stations located in orbits located inside radiation belts(essentially magnetic traps), and this allows astronauts to stay at the station for years without receiving dangerous doses of radiation.

Where the Earth's magnetic field no longer protects against radiation, radiation protection must be much more serious. The main obstacle to radiation is any substance in which it is absorbed. If we assume that absorption cosmic radiation in the earth's atmosphere reduces its level to safe values, then in outer space it is necessary to enclose habitable premises with a layer of substance of the same mass, that is, every square centimeter of the premises must be covered with a kilogram of substance. If we take the density of the covering substance to be 2.5 g/cm3 (rock), then the geometric thickness of the protection should be at least 4 meters. Glass is also a silicate substance, so to protect greenhouses in outer space you will need glass 4 meters thick!

Unfortunately, it is not only cosmic radiation that forces us to abandon tempting projects. Inside the premises it will be necessary to create an artificial atmosphere with the usual air density, that is, with a pressure of 1 kg/cm2. When the premises are small in size, the strength of building structures spacecraft allows you to withstand such pressure. But huge settlements with habitable spaces tens of meters in diameter and capable of withstanding such pressure will be technically difficult, if not impossible, to build. Creating artificial gravity by rotation will also significantly increase the load on the station structure.

In addition, the movement of any body inside the rotating “donut” will be accompanied by the action of Coriolis force, creating great inconvenience (remember the childhood sensations on the yard carousel)! And finally, large rooms will be very vulnerable to meteorite impacts: it is enough to break one glass in a large greenhouse for all the air to escape from it, and the organisms in it would die.

In a word, “ethereal settlements”, upon closer examination, turn out to be impossible dreams.

Perhaps it was not in vain that humanity’s hopes were pinned on Mars? This is a fairly large planet with quite suitable gravity, Mars has an atmosphere, and even seasonal weather changes. Alas! This is only a superficial resemblance. The average temperature on the surface of Mars is -50°C, in winter it is so cold that even carbon dioxide freezes, and in summer it is not warm enough for water ice to melt.

The density of the Martian atmosphere is the same as the earth's at an altitude of 30 km, where even planes cannot fly. It is clear, of course, that Mars is in no way protected from cosmic radiation. To top it all off, Mars has very weak soils: it is either sand, which even the winds of the thin Martian air whip up into vast storms, or the same sand frozen with ice into a seemingly strong rock. Only on such rock it is impossible to build anything, and underground rooms will not be a way out without their reliable strengthening. If the premises are warm (and people are not going to live in ice palaces!), then the permafrost will melt and the tunnels will collapse.

Many “projects” for Martian development involve placing ready-made residential modules on the surface of Mars. These are very naive ideas. To protect against cosmic radiation, each room must be covered with a four-meter layer of protective ceilings. Simply put, cover all buildings with a thick layer Martian soil, and then it will be possible to live in them. But why is it worth settling on Mars? After all, on Mars there is no desired stability of conditions that we no longer have on Earth!

Mars still worries people, although no one hopes to find beautiful Aelites or even fellow humans on it. On Mars, we are primarily looking for traces of extraterrestrial life in order to understand how and in what forms life arises in the Universe. But this is a research task, and to solve it it is not at all necessary to live on Mars. But Mars is not a suitable place for the construction of space settlements.

Maybe we should pay attention to the numerous asteroids? Apparently, the conditions there are very stable. After the Great Meteor Bombardment, which three and a half billion years ago turned the surfaces of asteroids into fields of large and small craters from meteorite impacts, nothing happens to the asteroids. In the depths of asteroids, you can build habitable tunnels, and turn each asteroid into a space city. There are few asteroids large enough for this in our solar system - about a thousand. So they will not solve the problem of creating vast habitable areas outside the Earth. However, they will all have a painful drawback: asteroids have very low gravity. Of course, asteroids will become sources of mineral raw materials for humanity, but they are completely unsuitable for the construction of full-fledged housing.

So is the endless expanse of space really the same for people as a boundless ocean without a piece of land? Are all our dreams about the wonders of space just sweet dreams?

But no, there is a place in space where fairy tales can be made true, and, one might say, it’s right next door. This is the Moon.

Of all the bodies in the solar system, the Moon has greatest number advantages from the point of view of humanity seeking stability in space. The Moon is large enough to have a noticeable force of gravity on its surface. The main rocks of the Moon are durable basalts that extend hundreds of kilometers below the surface. There is no volcanism, earthquakes or climatic instability on the Moon, since the Moon has neither molten mantle in its depths, nor air, nor water oceans. The Moon is the closest cosmic body to Earth, making it easier for colonies on the Moon to provide emergency assistance and reduce transportation costs. The Moon always faces the same side towards the Earth, and this circumstance can be very useful in many ways.

So, the first advantage of the Moon is its stability. It is known that on a sunlit surface the temperature rises to +120°C, and at night drops to -160°C, but at a depth of 2 meters the temperature changes become unnoticeable. In the depths of the Moon, the temperature is very stable. Since basalts have low thermal conductivity(on Earth, basalt wool is used as very effective thermal insulation), any comfortable temperature can be maintained in underground rooms. Basalt is a gas-impermeable material, and an artificial atmosphere of any composition can be created inside basalt structures and maintained without much effort.

Basalt is a very durable rock. On Earth there are basalt rocks 2 kilometers high, and on the Moon, where gravity is 6 times less than on Earth, basalt walls would support their weight even at a height of 12 kilometers! Consequently, in the basalt depths it is possible to build halls with ceiling heights of hundreds of meters, and without the use of additional fastenings. Therefore, in the lunar depths it is possible to build thousands of floors of buildings of the very for various purposes, using no other materials other than lunar basalt itself. If we remember that the area lunar surface only 13.5 times less area surface of the Earth, it is easy to calculate that the area of ​​underground buildings on the Moon can be tens of times larger than the entire territory occupied on our home planet by all forms of life from the depths of the oceans to the tops of mountains! And all these premises will not be threatened by any natural disasters for billions of years! Promising!

Of course, you need to immediately think: what to do with the soil extracted from the tunnels? Grow kilometer-high waste heaps on the surface of the Moon?

It turns out that here we can offer interesting solution. There is no atmosphere on the Moon, and the lunar day lasts for half a month, so the hot sun shines continuously for two weeks anywhere on the Moon. If big concave mirror focus its rays, then in the resulting spot of light the temperature will be almost the same as on the surface of the Sun - almost 5000 degrees. At this temperature, almost all known materials melt, including basalts (they melt at 1100°C). If basalt chips are slowly poured into this hot spot, it will melt, and it can be used to fuse layer after layer of walls, staircases and ceilings. It is possible to create a construction robot that will do this according to the program embedded in it without any human intervention. If such a robot is launched to the Moon today, then by the day a manned expedition arrives, the astronauts will already have, if not palaces, then at least comfortable housing and laboratories waiting for them.

Simply building premises on the Moon should not be an end in itself. These premises will be needed for people to live in comfortable conditions, to house agricultural and industrial enterprises, to create recreation areas, transport routes, schools and museums. But first you need to get all the guarantees that people and other living organisms who moved to the Moon will not begin to degrade due to unusual conditions. First of all, it is necessary to study how long-term exposure to reduced gravity will affect organisms of a diverse terrestrial nature. These studies will be large-scale; It is unlikely that test tube experiments will be able to guarantee the biological stability of organisms over many generations. It is necessary to build large greenhouses and enclosures, and conduct observations and experiments in them. No robots can handle this; only research scientists themselves will be able to notice and analyze hereditary changes in living tissues and living organisms.

Preparation for the creation of full-fledged self-sustaining colonies on the Moon is the target task that should become a beacon for the movement of humanity towards its main line sustainable development.

Today, much in the technical construction of inhabited settlements in space is not clearly understood. Energy supply in space can be quite simply provided solar stations. One square kilometer solar panels even with the coefficient useful action only 10% will provide a power of 150 MW, although only for lunar day, i.e. the average energy generation will be half as much. It doesn't seem like much. However, according to forecasts for 2020 for global electricity consumption (3.5 TW) and the world population (7 billion people), the average earthling gets 0.5 kilowatts of electrical power. If we proceed from the usual average daily energy supply for a city dweller, say 1.5 kW per person, then such a solar power plant on the Moon will be able to satisfy the needs of 50 thousand people - quite enough for a small lunar colony.

On Earth, we spend a significant portion of electricity on lighting. On the Moon, many traditional designs will be radically changed, particularly lighting patterns. Underground premises on the Moon must be well lit, especially greenhouses. There is no point in producing electricity on the surface of the Moon, transmitting it to underground buildings, and then again converting the electricity into light. It is much more efficient to install concentrators on the surface of the Moon sunlight and illuminate fiber-optic cables from them. The level of today's fiber manufacturing technology makes it possible to transmit light almost without loss over thousands of kilometers, so it should not amount to great difficulties from the illuminated areas of the Moon transmit light through a system of light guides to any underground room, switching concentrators and light guides following the movement of the sun across the lunar sky.

In the first stages of the construction of a lunar colony, the Earth can be a donor of the resources necessary for the development of settlements. But many resources in space will be easier to extract than to deliver from Earth. Lunar basalts are half composed of metal oxides - iron, titanium, magnesium, aluminum, etc. In the process of extracting metals from basalts mined in mines and adits, oxygen will be obtained for various needs and silicon for light guides. In outer space, it is possible to intercept comets containing up to 80% water ice, and to ensure the supply of water to settlements from these abundant sources (up to 40,000 minicomets ranging in size from 3 to 30 meters fly past the Earth no further than 1.5 million km from it every year).

We are confident that for the next three to five decades, research into the creation of settlements on the Moon will dominate the future developments of mankind. If it becomes clear that comfortable conditions for human life can be created on the Moon, then the colonization of the Moon for several centuries will be the path of earthly civilization to ensure its sustainable development. In any case, there are no other bodies more suitable for this in the Solar System.

Perhaps none of this will happen for a completely different reason. Space exploration is not just about exploring it. Space exploration requires the creation of effective transport routes between the Earth and the Moon. If such a highway does not appear, then astronautics will have no future, and humanity will be doomed to remain within the borders of its native planet. Rocketry, which makes it possible to launch scientific equipment into space, is an expensive technology, and each rocket launch is also a huge burden on the ecology of our planet. We will need cheap and safe technology to launch payloads into space.

In this sense, the Moon is of exceptional interest to us. Since one side is always facing the Earth, a space elevator cable can be stretched to our planet from the middle of the hemisphere facing the Earth. Don't let its length scare you - 360 thousand kilometers. With the thickness of the cable supporting a 5-ton cabin, its total weight will be about a thousand tons - it will all fit into several BelAZ mining dump trucks.

A material for a cable of the required strength has already been invented - this carbon nanotubes. You just need to learn how to make it defect-free along the entire length of the fiber. Of course, a space elevator must move much faster than its terrestrial counterparts, and even much faster high speed trains and airplanes. To do this, the lunar elevator cable needs to be covered with a layer of superconductor, and then the elevator cabin will be able to move along it without touching the cable itself. Then nothing will stop the cabin from moving at any speed. It will be possible to accelerate the cabin half the way, and slow it down half the way. If we apply the usual “1 g” acceleration on Earth, then the entire journey from the Earth to the Moon will take only 3.5 hours, and the cabin will be able to make three flights per day. Theoretical physicists claim that superconductivity at room temperature is not prohibited by the laws of nature, and many institutes and laboratories around the world are working on its creation. We may seem optimistic to some, but in our opinion, the lunar elevator could become a reality within half a century.

Here we have examined only a few aspects of the huge problem of space colonization. An analysis of the situation in the solar system shows that the only acceptable object of colonization in the coming centuries can only be the Moon.

Although the Moon is closer to the Earth than any other bodies in space, in order to colonize it, it is imperative to have the means to reach it. If they are not there, then the Moon will remain as unattainable as big land for Robinson, stuck on small island. If humanity had a lot of time and enough resources at its disposal, there is no doubt that it would overcome any difficulties. But there is warning signs a different development of events.

Large-scale climate change, which before our eyes are changing the living conditions of people all over the planet, may in the very near future force us to direct all our strength and resources to basic survival in new conditions. If the level of the world's oceans rises, then we will have to deal with the transfer of cities and agricultural lands to undeveloped and unsuitable for farming agriculture territories. If climate change leads to global cooling, then we will have to solve the problem of not only heating homes, but also freezing fields and pastures. All these problems can rob humanity of all its strength, and then there may simply not be enough for space exploration. And humanity will remain to live on its native planet as on its own, but the only one inhabited island in the vast ocean of space.

A.V. Bagrov, V.A. Leonov, A.V. Pavlov

More and more former NASA employees are making sensational statements that this organization has been hiding from humanity for many decades the truth about extraterrestrial life, the UFO phenomenon and artifacts discovered on the surface of various celestial bodies. This is how mechanical engineer Dr. Bergran spoke about interesting case that happened to him during his work at the aerospace agency. So, one day he analyzed a photograph of the surface of the Moon and saw on it strange objects clearly of artificial man-made origin.

When he told his colleague about this, he was noticeably embarrassed. saying that he specially darkened the lens when shooting so that these objects were not visible. This once again proves the fact that NASA deliberately darkens or retouches its photographs so that people cannot see signs of extraterrestrial life in them. This applies not only to photographs of the Moon, but also of Mars and other celestial bodies, as well as various UFOs captured in photos and videos in outer space.

This is confirmed, in particular, by the fact that former NASA astronaut researcher, Princeton University professor Brian O’Leary, while studying the image of the mysterious “Face” on the Martian surface, discovered that the official NASA image was edited to blur the outline of this monument to make it look like natural object. And, as we remember, in the official NASA statement it was said that this mysterious "face" is just the result of the influence of "light and shadow" of the natural landscape.

Another former employee of the national agency, Donna Hair, states that astronauts regularly encounter UFOs in space, but cannot tell the public about it because they are intimidated by government agencies who threaten prison “for disclosing information related to national security.” Apparently, this is why only former NASA employees risk disclosing information that is inconvenient for the agency’s owners.

Thus, in the 1990s - 2000s, American astronaut Edgar Mitchell repeatedly made statements regarding the government’s concealment of information about UFOs, aliens and long-term contacts with them. He, in particular, stated that aliens had already come into contact with people several times, but information about this had been hidden from the world for more than 60 years. He also claimed that during his service at NASA, he knew about many UFO visits to Earth, but all these visits were classified and carefully hidden from the public.

Two more exes NASA employee Richard Hoagland and Ken Johnson claim that the agency has been hiding the discovery of ancient artifacts on the surface of Mars and the Moon for more than 40 years. And these artifacts belong to the ancient earthly civilization, which, having mastered celestial bodies The solar system ceased to exist as a result of " star wars"using destructive weapons.

Hints of this ancient "war of the gods" can be found in mythology various peoples Earth. And, most likely, it was during this war that one of the planets of the solar system was destroyed, and Mars was also badly damaged, most of the atmosphere and biosphere of which were irretrievably lost. On Earth, this “war of the gods” ultimately led to a shift in the rotation axis and global natural disaster, which although did not completely destroy human civilization, but threw it back to the Stone Age.

Why does NASA diligently hide information about the artifacts of this civilization? It is obvious that the owners of the agency and other similar structures are not interested in humanity learning the truth about their real history and the reasons for the death of the ancient highly developed civilization Earth And it is for this same reason that earthly artifacts that do not fit into the official version history.

A former NASA employee claims that back in 1979 she witnessed a unique event that revealed all the secrets of the “red planet.” Mars, as it turns out, has been explored for a long time, they just hide reliable information about it from us.

The woman claimed that she saw footage from the old Viking Mars rover, which showed two people in spacesuits walking on the surface of Mars and carefully examining the rover. "Viking" is American Mars rover, which served as the predecessor to the world-famous modern Curiosity.

To ensure her safety, the woman, who formerly worked for NASA, chose to hide her real name. She called herself Jackie and was monitoring the telemetry line from the Viking, the first rover to land on Mars and send data about the planet back to Earth. During her regular duty, Jackie noticed that two people in space suits were walking on the surface of Mars. Moreover, they became interested in the rover, approached it and examined it closely. This footage was immediately classified. To this day it is unknown where they suddenly disappeared.

"Viking" captured stunning footage that was seen by Jackie and 6 of her colleagues

As Jackie stated, people on Mars were not in ordinary “earthly” heavy spacesuits, but in some kind of lightweight uniform, which at that time was not issued to ordinary astronauts. Presumably, the rover recorded two men, which Jackie understood from their physique and height. When these unknown researchers of the “red planet” approached the rover, the broadcast to Earth suddenly ended.

Since then, Jackie has been wondering: what did she really see, people or aliens? As you know, the mission to Mars is still under development. How then did people end up on this planet in 1979? Why didn’t even employees of such a serious organization as NASA know about this?

There is a certain “conspiracy theory”, the adherents of which believe that Jackie witnessed a secret mission that the United States conducted in the 1960s. As you know, at that time the United States was landing the Apollo research vehicle on the Moon. Experts say that this “lunar mission” served as a cover for a larger, sensational project, information about which they did not want to disclose. Could the American government at that time have carried out extensive research on our planetary system?

Former CIA employee D. Lear also said that in 1966 NASA astronauts flew to Mars

Moreover, D. Lear believes that the astronauts were trained for a particularly long time for this mission. Some drugs were introduced into their bodies to adapt people to Martian conditions. climatic conditions. Allegedly, those astronauts could breathe rarefied Martian air, so NASA had the opportunity to launch living people onto the “red planet” for a longer period.

Whether to believe D. Lear, let everyone decide for himself. By the way, it should be said that this man once claimed that after death, people’s souls are placed in certain containers and sent to the Moon. He also said that Venus is actually a green cosmic body, inhabited by creatures unknown to our science.

The author of a book about the study of unidentified flying vehicles, N. Watson, said the following:

Recently, cases of information leaks from agencies such as NASA, ESA and others have become suspiciously more frequent. Much of this information is related to secret missions that have been implemented in the past and are currently being planned. Perhaps this indicates the beginning of a confrontation between the authorities and ordinary people who want to know everything about space.

In November 2005, the writer mentioned earlier listened to stories from people who had previously worked for military intelligence States of America. They told him about the existence special program to exchange experiences with representatives of alien civilizations. This was the scandalous Serpo project, the results of which were described in a rather voluminous (3000 pages) report. The report was compiled in the late 70s. Among other things, it said that from alien ship, crashed in Roswell, six creatures of alien origin were recovered.

Almost all of these aliens turned out to be dead, except for one, who later helped draw up a flight plan for his home planet, as well as prepare the astronauts for this flight. This mission was allegedly carried out in 1965, and its participants lived on the planet of an alien civilization until 1978. Two of the expeditioners who visited there died literally immediately after landing on an unknown planet. Two more chose not to return home to Earth. The rest, or rather most of them, died after arriving home from the radiation exposure they received on an alien planet. By the way, the alien called his planet “Serpo”. Therefore, they decided to name the mission similarly.