Biography of Vaso Abayev. Phonosemantics in faces

Buried on the church grounds prominent residents Vladikavkaz and representatives of Ossetia. Among them:

• Kosta Khetagurov- poet, educator, painter and sculptor, founder of Ossetian literature;
• Gappo Baev - the first Ossetian mayor of Vladikavkaz;
• Vaso Abaev - philologist, Iranian linguist, local historian, etymologist and teacher, professor;

IN Soviet era most The cemetery was demolished and school No. 13 was built in its place. As a result, the graves of generals Levkovich, Pyotr Nesterov, Arseny Tauchelov, Colonel Vasily Khetagurov, Prince Mikhail Tumanov, the rectors of the church, Archpriests Alexey Koliev, Mikhail Sokhiev, Alexey Gatuev, and many others were lost.

But, fortunately, the burials of General Mikhail Baev, Colonel Fyodor Gusov, engineer Joseph Gioev, scientist Alikhan Ardasenov, and Lieutenant Georgy Khasiev survived.

COSTA KHETAGUROV for Ossetia it is conscience and a guiding star. Poet. Patriot. Enlightener. Tribune. A genius who stepped into immortality...

Nykhas Kostayy nysӕn bon

…Poet – sӕrylkhast lӕg – nӕ masӕy
U ist dӕnӕtmӕ dӕr yӕ rad:
Nӕ sau hӕkhtӕm, Amranau, bastӕy
Kӕny nӕ dzyllӕyӕn lӕggad...

Jusoity Nafi

Costa was initially buried in the cemetery in Georgievsko-Osetinsky, next to his father’s grave, but the Ossetian community decided to transport the ashes of the great poet and people’s intercessor to Vladikavkaz. Here, in the church fence, he was buried.

Literature:
1. Jusoity Nafi. Dydzy khur – khӕkhtyl. Ӕмдзӕвгӕтӕ. – Tskhinvali, Mykhuyry hӕdzar. 2011. P.216.
2. Photo album. Vladikavkaz. "Ir".2000. -128s.

GAPPO BAEV(Georgy Vasilievich Baev)

One of the prominent representatives of the Ossetian intelligentsia, the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th centuries, large public figure, lawyer, writer, publicist, who gained deep respect not only in the Terek region, but also in Russia, and then in Europe, Gappo Baev was born on September 11, 1869 in Vladikavkaz. In 1889 he graduated from high school, and in 1894 from Odessa University and began working as a lawyer in Vladikavkaz. At the same time he was secretary and then president of the Society for the Propagation of Education among the Mountain Peoples of the Terek Region. “In 1905, one of the first indigenous residents entered the city parliament and at the same time - into the office of vice-burgomaster,” wrote Gappo Baev in his short autobiographical sketch, and in 1910 he became chief burgomaster and worked as such until 1920.”

He directed all his intelligence, talent, energetic energy and organizational skills for the benefit of his native people. “Before the sons of the Terek land,” he wrote, stands for a long time great goal- transplant the best to their homeland social institutions, developed by humanity, but transplanted so that these plants do not wither in the morning cloudy days, but would rise in lush growth against the backdrop of our mighty nature.”

Gappo Baev was the initiator of the introduction of zemstvo institutions in the region, taking into account local everyday characteristics, the author of the draft regulations on the zemstvo administration of the Vladikavkaz district, providing for broad local government. The merit of G. Baev to the entire Terek region is that he achieved the provision of loans to peasant banks for the purchase of land.

His contribution to the development of Ossetian writing and Ossetian literature is also invaluable. He took direct participation in improving the printing base, publishing the works of Alexander Kubalov, Kosta Khetagurov and other writers, collected and then published collections of proverbs, Ossetian fairy tales, established the almanac “Farn”, and children's magazine“Gӕlӕbu” (“Butterfly”).

He was the first to begin the work that was closest to him, a believer and free-thinking Christian: translating the Bible into the Ossetian language.

Gappo Baev had correspondence with the Head of the English Mission in the city of Ekaterinodar with the British Bible Society on religious issues:

“To His Eminence the Head of the English Mission in the city of Ekaterinodar, General Hollan.
...I consider it my moral duty to make a humble request to Your Excellency to help the ancient Ossetian christian church in this holy cause, by asking the British Bible Society for financial assistance both for the translation of the Bible and for the republication of existing church books, especially the Holy Gospel. The publishing house can be concentrated in the city of Vladikavkaz, where there are fonts and Ossetian typesetters...”

The committee became interested in his letters and parcels and promised to provide assistance. The revolution changed plans, but in exile he continued to work in this direction. Gappo Baev decided to translate the second part of the New Testament into Ossetian. Since 1922, he lived in Berlin, where, with the support of German scientists, he achieved the opening of an assistant professorship in Ossetian studies at the Eastern Seminar of the University of Berlin. Later it was transformed into the Department of Caucasian Studies. He worked as a teacher of the Ossetian language at the university, and was an assistant professor.

Since the Gospel was already in Ossetian, he decided to translate the second half of the New Testament.

In November 1934 he wrote the foreword to sacred translation: “...in June 1923 I began translating the second part of the New Testament into the Ossetian language. The first part of the translation convinced me that our ancient Ossetian language is suitable for this translation, that it is rich... The books of the New Testament were fully translated in 1933. It was a very difficult matter. Let’s say, when I translated the “Acts of the Apostles,” I had to rewrite the correction five times by hand, I rewrote the “Revelations of John” four times, the Epistles twice... My fellow countrymen will one day find this work, and I believe that they will publish her...".

In exile, he managed to prepare and publish several books in the Ossetian language, including “Ossetian Lyre” by Kosta Khetagurov, with a biography of the poet he wrote. “The Tale of Alguz”, with a preface by Baev, works by Schiller in translation, etc. were published.

Costa with the Tsalikov family and Gappo Baev (left), Pyatigorsk.

His ashes were returned to his homeland in 1995 and solemnly reburied in the pantheon, next to the grave of his friend, the great Costa.

Literature:
1. Kargieva Raisa. Orthodox Patriot Gappo Baev. http://www.ive1875.narod.ru/texts/Kargieva/texts/Patriot.htm
2. Tsomaeva T. (deputy director of the Republican Children's Library). He lived, created and created for his people. /gas. “North Ossetia” No. 174, September 11, 1999
3. Costa. Photo album. Vladikavkaz. "Ir".2000. -128s.

VASILY IVANOVICH ABAEV

(December 2 (15), 1900, village of Kobi, Tiflis province, now Georgia - March 18, 2001, Moscow) - an outstanding Soviet and Russian philologist, Iranian linguist, local historian, etymologist and teacher, professor. Doctor philological sciences(1962), senior researcher at the Institute of Linguistics of the USSR Academy of Sciences, full member of the Asian Royal Society Academy of England (1966), corresponding member of the Finno-Ugric Society in Helsinki (1973), Honored Scientist of Georgia and North Ossetia, Laureate of the USSR State Prize (1981); honorary member of a number of other foreign academies and scientific societies.

...Kosta Khetagurov and Vaso Abaev are figures different eras, different destinies, the areas of application of their talents do not coincide. And yet, the historical and national purpose of their creativity and activity is the same or related, the pathos of their actions is the same - selfless service to the cultural and historical growth of their people, and through them - to all humanity. Like Kosta Khetagurov, Vaso Abaev, with his great talent and creative feat, his life according to the laws of knightly nobility and the inviolability of honor, gained nationwide love.

“As long as a people speaks their native language, they are a people, they are an individual. And if he loses this individuality, he is leveled, completely disappears. Now the keys to preserving our language are the Ossetian family and home. If the native language dominates there, the rest is not scary.”

“As long as a person lives, many of those around him - I would say most of those around him - show a keen interest in the following questions: what position does this person hold, what titles, titles, degrees and other external signs of what is called success in life? Some extend their curiosity even to such things: how much he earns, what kind of apartment he has, whether he has a dacha, whether he has a car, and other equally vain things.

But when a person dies, all this props is quickly forgotten, and only two things remain significant: firstly, what this person gave to society, his people, his country, humanity, what creative work marked his life; and secondly, what a bright trace he left in the hearts of those who knew him personally, or, if they did not know him personally, then wrote about him certain idea, a certain image in his deeds, in his entire life behavior. This second point - the human image - is no less important than its professional achievements, and in terms of moral impact it is even more important.

In short, creative work and the human image is what a person leaves as a legacy to people. Everything else, all the external attributes of prestige, which seemed so important during life, turn into decay, into dust. Who is now interested in knowing what kind of apartment Aristotle had, or what positions Mendeleev held, or what titles and titles Einstein had? And I sometimes think: how wonderful it would be if a person were guided only by the assessment that awaits him after death, and not by the often false, deceptive assessment that he has during life, distorted by opportunistic moments and external appearances. How much time, effort and energy he would have saved, which he recklessly sacrificed on the altar of his vanity and so-called career, and which he could have used for some socially useful cause! Unfortunately, not everyone succeeds. I probably didn’t succeed completely either. But still, looking back on the past, I honestly cannot remember a single case when I even lifted a finger to obtain any position, title or degree. The only title that I energetically sought was the title of student at Petrograd University in 1922. After that, I no longer sought any titles or positions. And I won’t hide the fact that this gives me great satisfaction now. This means that in this respect I lived correctly, without fuss. It is very important to live without fuss. Vanity wears people out. I am sure that even many physical ailments come from vanity.”

Literature:
1. Dzhusoev Nafi. Lessons from Vaso Abaev. http://iriston.com/nogbon/news.php?newsid=492.
2. Gurzhibekova Irina. A legacy to the people//North Ossetia, No. 51, March 20, 2001.

Vasily Ivanovich Abaev(osset. Abayty Vaso; December 2 (15), village of Kobi, Tiflis province, now Georgia - March 12, Moscow) - an outstanding Soviet and Russian philologist, Iranian linguist, local historian and etymologist, teacher, professor.

Biography

Graduated from the faculty social sciences Leningrad University (). He worked at the Caucasian Historical and Archaeological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1928-30), from 1930 - at the Japhetic Institute (later transformed into the Marr Institute of Language and Thought), from 1950 - in Moscow. Early works under strong influence ideas of N. Ya. Marr; subsequently moves to the position of traditional comparative historical linguistics.

He published studies “The Nart Epic” (1945), “Ossetian Language and Folklore” (1949). One of the main works of V. I. Abaev is the fundamental “Historical etymological dictionary Ossetian language" in 5 volumes (1958-90); it traces the etymology and history Ossetian words And external relations Ossetian language with Indo-European and non-Indo-European languages.

Also published theoretical research By common problems language and methodology of linguistics (“Language as ideology and language as technology” (1934), “The concept of ideosemantics” (1948), “Scytho-European isoglosses” (1965)). IN early works 1930s Much in the spirit of Marr, he proposed to distinguish between two aspects of language: “technique” and “ideology.” In the article, from the standpoint of traditional philology, he sharply criticized foreign and domestic structuralism, repeating the accusations of structuralists in the “dehumanization” of linguistics, standard for the Soviet ideological discourse of those years (there is a polemical response from P. S. Kuznetsov to this article).

Died on March 12, 2001 in Moscow. He was buried in the necropolis at the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Vladikavkaz.

Memory

Awards

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Notes

Sources

Literature

• Isaev M. I. Vasily Ivanovich Abaev (born December 15, 1900) // Domestic lexicographers: XVIII-XX centuries / Ed. G. A. Bogatova. ; Lexicographic seminar; Cabinet "Slavic World". - M.: Science, 2000. - P. 399 - 417. - 512 p. - 1,000 copies. - ISBN 5-02-011750-1.(in translation)

Links

• Dubinskaya O. . Nezavisimaya newspaper(ng.ru) (December 27, 2000). Retrieved February 3, 2013. .

Excerpt characterizing Abaev, Vasily Ivanovich

Soon after this, it was no longer the former rhetorician who came for Pierre into the dark temple, but the guarantor Villarsky, whom he recognized by his voice. To new questions about the firmness of his intentions, Pierre answered: “Yes, yes, I agree,” and with a radiant childish smile, with an open, fat chest, unevenly and timidly walking with one barefoot and one shod foot, he went forward with Villarsky placed at his side. bare chest with a sword. From the room he was led along corridors, turning back and forth, and finally led to the doors of the box. Villarsky coughed, he was answered with Masonic knocks of hammers, the door opened in front of them. Someone's bass voice (Pierre's eyes were still blindfolded) asked him questions about who he was, where, when he was born? etc. Then they took him somewhere again, without untying his eyes, and while he walked they told him allegories about the labors of his journey, about sacred friendship, about the eternal Builder of the world, about the courage with which he must endure labor and danger . During this journey, Pierre noticed that he was called either a seeker, or a sufferer, or a demander, and at the same time they knocked him with hammers and swords in different ways. While he was being led to some subject, he noticed that there was confusion and confusion between his leaders. He heard how the surrounding people argued among themselves in whispers and how one insisted that he be led along some kind of carpet. After that they took him right hand, they laid it on something, and with their left they ordered him to put a compass to his left chest, and forced him, repeating the words that the other was reading, to read the oath of allegiance to the laws of the order. Then they put out the candles, lit alcohol, as Pierre heard by the smell, and said that he would see a small light. The bandage was removed from him, and Pierre saw, as in a dream, low light spirit fire, several people, wearing the same aprons as the rhetorician, stood opposite him and held swords aimed at his chest. Between them stood a man in a white, bloody shirt. Seeing this, Pierre moved his chest forward towards the swords, wanting them to stick into him. But the swords pulled away from him and the bandage was immediately put on him again. “Now you have seen a small light,” someone’s voice told him. Then they lit the candles again and told him what he needed to see full light, and again they took off the bandage and more than ten voices suddenly said: sic transit gloria mundi. [this is how worldly glory passes.]
Pierre gradually began to come to his senses and look around the room where he was and the people in it. Around a long table covered in black sat about twelve people, all in the same clothes as those he had seen before. Pierre knew some of them from St. Petersburg society. An unfamiliar young man sat in the chair, wearing a special cross around his neck. On the right hand sat the Italian abbot, whom Pierre had seen two years ago at Anna Pavlovna's. There was also one very important dignitary and a Swiss tutor who had previously lived with the Kuragins. Everyone was solemnly silent, listening to the words of the chairman, who was holding a hammer in his hand. There was a burning star embedded in the wall; on one side of the table there was a small carpet with various images, on the other there was something like an altar with a Gospel and a skull. Around the table there were 7 large, church-like candlesticks. Two of the brothers brought Pierre to the altar, put his legs in a rectangular position and ordered him to lie down, saying that he was throwing himself towards the gates of the temple.

The Ossetian people showed a genius to the world exactly 111 years ago - on December 15, 1900, the outstanding Ossetian scientist, legendary man Vasily (Vaso) Ivanovich Abaev was born. On main square Tskhinvali, a solemn meeting took place in front of the monument to Vaso Abaev, dedicated to the day birth of a linguist. Today, once again to pay tribute to the memory, to express the full strength of their love, respect and admiration for the great Ossetian scientist, members of the government came to a solemn meeting South Ossetia, schoolchildren and students with their teachers, representatives of the intelligentsia, residents and guests of Tskhival.

The solemn event began with the laying of flowers and wreaths at the monument to Abaev, after which students of Tskhinvali high school No. 6 read poems and memories about Vaso - about a great man, scientist and patriot.
As Yuza Plieva, director of the Abaev house-museum, destroyed as a result of Georgian aggression in August 2008, noted, the role and significance of Vaso in the history of Ossetia cannot be overestimated.
“This is the person thanks to whom the whole world learned what Ossetians rich history. Abaev is a prominent specialist in the history of Iranian languages ​​and in his native Ossetian language, author of a historical and etymological dictionary of the Ossetian language. Vaso also studied mythology and folklore Iranian peoples, Ossetian literature"- said Plieva.
The chairman of the Union of Writers of the Republic of South Ossetia, Meliton Kazity, shared his memories of the “luminary of South Ossetian science”.
“It amazes me how the Lord gave us so many great people in one era - Vaso Abaev, Kosta Khetagurov, Akso Koliev and others. Vaso was born at the end of the 19th century, lived through the entire 20th century and managed to breathe the air of the 21st century. The world does not know such a person who lived for three centuries, and this, in my opinion, once again speaks of his greatness,” he said.
Meliton Kazity also noted that Abaev, in a short period of time, managed to do what entire academies of sciences sometimes fail to do - publish a fundamental historical and etymological dictionary of the Ossetian language in five volumes.
According to the poet Leonid Kharebov, Vaso Abaev is one of those great sons whom fate revealed to humanity.
“The Ossetian people, although small in number, have given the world many geniuses. We are proud that Vaso is ours, he is alive, his glory lives on. And it will always be like this,” Kharebov emphasized.
Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic Domenti Kulumbegov also addressed the audience, who, on behalf of the government of South Ossetia, thanked all the organizers and participants of this event.
“As long as at least one representative of the intelligentsia lives on earth, humanity will know the name of Vaso Abaev. His services to his people, and not only his own, are so great that we are obliged to pass on his greatness from generation to generation. I am grateful to fate that I was lucky enough to meet Vaso personally. His voice still rings in my ears, words of wisdom. Another, more interesting interlocutor I’ve never met one in my life,” said Kulumbegov.
Warm words about Vasily Abaev were also expressed by the chronicler Alexey Margiev, head of the department of the Presidential Administration of the Republic of South Ossetia for domestic policy, poet Merab Zasseev and others.
Events dedicated to the birthday of the outstanding scientist will take place in the Republic throughout the current week.
Vasily (Vaso) Abaev was born on December 2 (15), 1900 in the village of Kobi, Tiflis province (now Georgia). In 1925 he graduated from the Faculty of Social Sciences Leningrad University, in 1928 - graduate school. From 1928 to 1930 he was an employee of the Caucasian Historical and Archaeological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Since 1930, he worked for more than half a century at the Japhetic Institute (then the Institute of Language and Thinking, the Institute of Linguistics of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Leningrad, and from 1950 - in Moscow).
Doctor of Philology (1962), professor (1969), laureate of the USSR State Prize (1981), was an honorary member of the Royal Asian Society of Great Britain and Ireland (1966), corresponding member of the Finno-Ugric Society in Helsinki (1973). Vaso Abaev died in Moscow on March 18, 2001.

For dedicated people, one name of Vaso Abaev speaks of an entire era in the development of Russian philology and linguistics. Uninitiated people may be surprised that this name is unknown to them. In fact, sometimes without knowing about those who create the spiritual history of humanity for us, we constantly use the fruits of this creativity.

"Yes, we are Scythians, yes, we are Asians with slanted and greedy eyes" - this Blok phrase is perhaps one of the most famous and quoted. But at the same time - one of the phantoms Silver Age. And for many of us, there is nothing behind this except the poetic echo of the dusty steppes with the distant echo of the hooves of the Scythian cavalry. Story mysterious tribe enters our lives through vague knowledge of legends about the mounds and gold of the Scythians, about the majestic kingdom that once left its traces in the Crimea and Ciscaucasia, and about its mysterious disappearance from the face of the earth.

Vasily Ivanovich Abaev is among those scientists who continued the life of the Scythians in their fundamental works, turning to scientific, historical facts and revealing distinct, but time-hidden relationships between the amazing Scythian tribe and other Indo-European peoples. Following Vsevolod Miller, Vaso Abaev, Georges Dumezil, Emile Benvenisgue convincingly proved that the life of the Scythians did not end - it continues in language, customs, beliefs, epic tales another people living side by side with us. These people are Ossetians.

Vaso Abaev was born in the mountainous Ossetian village of Kobi (along the Georgian Military Road) two weeks before late XIX century. After graduating from the Tiflis classical gymnasium, at the age of 18 he taught his native language in rural school. The only title for which he vigorously fought, as he himself admits, was “the title of student at Petrograd University in 1922.” And indeed, having entered the university at the Iranian level of the ethnological and linguistic department, in 1924 he published the first results of his research.

Since then, over 75 years of painstaking, titanic and multifaceted work, more than 300 scientific works. Main work throughout the life of Vasily Abaev - the fundamental, first-of-its-kind “Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language”, in which, based on the material of 190 languages ​​and dialects of the world, a global canvas of the interrelations of the Ossetian language is unfolded. “What is an etymological dictionary?” wrote Vasily Ivanovich. “This is the deepest aspect historical dictionary. What is ethnogenesis? This is the most profound version of the history of peoples." Through his work on this dictionary, Abaev defended and developed national science method comparative linguistics, showing inexhaustible possibilities historical approach to the linguistic wealth of various ethnic groups - from ancient times to the present day.

Vasily Abaev reveals the picture of the development of the Ossetian language from its ancient Iranian roots. Using a rich linguo-historical base, Academician Abaev convincingly proves that the Ossetian language belongs to the Iranian group of Indo-European language family. It was to this group that he belonged ancient language Scythians and Sarmatians. The main conductor of the linguistic heritage of these tribes were the Alans - their direct descendants, who, in turn, are the direct medieval ancestors of modern Ossetians. Thus, by building the genealogical branch of the Scythians-Sarmatians-Alans-Ossetians, the scientist, on the one hand, reconstructs history Ossetian people based on its language, and on the other hand, it opens the way to the study of the history and culture of the Scythian tribes. Through the ethnolinguistic history of a small Caucasian people, as in a fragment of a hologram, a picture of the whole - the mysterious Scythian world - appears. Thus, Academician Abaev gives the key to unraveling one of the mysteries in the history of mankind.

Vasily Ivanovich Abaev, of course, can be called an artist in his field - an artist of linguistics. And, as you know, it is best to “judge an artist according to the laws he has recognized over himself.” The only laws that Vaso Abaev recognizes are “creative contribution and the human image.” Both are inseparable and interconnected in his life. The creative contribution of Academician Abaev is as monolithic as his personality. Integrity and integrity human nature led him to fundamental and tough decisions both in science and in life.

In 1950, Abaev was “honored” to be first (in alphabetical order) on Beria’s blacklist. It’s not hard to guess how he got on this list. It was famous in Soviet history another round of “decisive exposure of the enemies of the people” and “repentance” of the intelligentsia for their mistakes. During this period, Stalin launched a campaign in the field of linguistics. Vasily Ivanovich Abaev was then in charge of the Iranian office at the Institute of Language and Thinking in Leningrad and had already become known as an “apolitical armchair scientist.” Everyone was fussing about at all sorts of meetings and conferences - Abaev alone, not paying attention to anything, continued his work on compiling the “Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language.” An article in Pravda, which “exposed” the scientist Abaev, who did not want to join “the total mass linguists who recognized the Stalinist teaching in linguistics" also did not confuse him, although it was no secret that such articles had very definite consequences at that time. Soon he was summoned to Moscow for a "report", but in reality - in the hope that Abaev will finally “self-critically” evaluate his actions.

At this meeting at the Institute of Linguistics of the USSR Academy of Sciences, which lasted several hours, his fate was actually decided - not only scientific, but also human. He spoke in detail about his research, and when it came to questions, he was hit with a barrage of criticism and accusations. Vasily Ivanovich methodically answered essentially each of huge number"critics". Everyone was waiting for him to move on to self-criticism, and the academician leading the meeting hurried him: “...I want to save you. You should have repented of your mistakes.” To which Abaev calmly replied: “Thank you for your sympathy, but, really, no one can save me from my conscience except myself... If there are no more questions for me, then all the best to you.” Having majestically walked through the hall, Vaso Abaev was ready to meet with the law enforcement officers. But this did not happen. On the contrary, a few days later Vaso Abaev received news of his transfer to Moscow to the position of deputy director of the Institute of Linguistics.

Many then wondered how Vasily Ivanovich managed to avoid the fate of many of his contemporaries and colleagues. The circumstances of the case became clear several years later. Stalin was brought another list of those subject to repression, where Abaev’s name was listed. Opposite her, he put a tick in red pencil and said: “Keep this one. Good scientist. Transfer to Moscow.” Everything turned out to be simple: the leader used the books of Vaso Abaev (in particular, his work “Ossetian Language and Folklore”), without, of course, mentioning this anywhere.

Strictly protecting himself from everything that could interfere with serving the cause, Vasily Ivanovich Abaev never sought to ensure that the result of his work was a position or another title. The paradox is that a world-famous scientist, invested with the titles of Russian and international academies, laureate of the USSR State Prize, did not defend a single dissertation in his life. He always considered it unnecessary to waste time on the formalities involved. His students and colleagues sought positions and titles for him. For a long time Vaso Abaev did not travel outside the USSR. With French scientist Georges Dumezil, with whom he corresponded for many years and at the same time worked on researching the great epic "Narts", Abaev met only for one short period in Paris.

Academician Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov, who worked with Abaev in Moscow, said: “Don’t approach Abaev with the usual yardstick, he - special person..." Perhaps the peculiarity of Vasily Ivanovich Abaev is that he is one of those rare people, who, without flirting with fate, gave and gives himself to the cause so much that fate itself eventually began to “work” for him. Having lived a whole century - an amazing and difficult one in the history of mankind - Vaso Abaev became not just his peer. Perhaps his merits are not fully appreciated by his contemporaries, and we have yet to hear that we lived in the era of Abaev.

15.12.2017

December 15, 1900, p. Kob was born an outstanding scientist-philologist, Iranian linguist, local historian, etymologist and teacher, professor. Doctor of Philological Sciences, senior researcher at the Institute of Linguistics of the USSR Academy of Sciences, full member of the Royal Asian Society of the Academy of England, corresponding member of the Finno-Ugric Society in Helsinki, Honored Scientist, Laureate of the USSR State Prize; honorary member of a number of other foreign academies and scientific societies Vaso Abaev.

My life path cannot be called cloudless. Nevertheless, I managed to achieve something in life largely due to the fact that I always met people along the way. good people who inspired me to work. One of them is Vaso Abaev, with whom I developed a relationship comparable to the relationship between a father and daughter. Therefore, in this article I would like to focus on human qualities great scientist.

1963 We, students of the pedagogical institute, were invited to assembly hall research institute, where prominent scientists, including foreign ones, discussed the issue of creating an explanatory dictionary of the Ossetian language. After several speeches, Vasily Ivanovich came to the podium - slender, with his head held high and made an astonishing speech, after which no one dared to speak. The principles outlined by him formed the basis and structure of the explanatory dictionary of the Ossetian language.

1970 In the village Dzau hosted a banquet on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of Vaso Abaev. We, young employees of the research institute, served at the table. I didn’t take my eyes off Vasily Ivanovich. He didn't touch anything, just drank water. With a slight smile on his lips, leaning his hands on his cane, he listened to those around him. Finally, he stood up, thanked everyone for their congratulations, and started talking about the problems of Ossetian philology, ethnography, and research into Nart legends.

In those years, I was working on my PhD thesis, and I had a question about the term “siahs”. I decided to write a letter to Vaso Abaev, although it seemed to me that a scientist of such rank would not be interested in my letters, and he would not read it. Imagine my surprise when I soon received an answer from him where he did not agree with my folk etymology this word and indicated the desired source.

1977 I went to Moscow on a business trip. Alexey Margiev, a friend of Vaso Abaev, asked me to give him photographs from the celebration of the scientist’s anniversary. Arriving in the capital, I went to the Institute of Linguistics, knowing that on that day he was giving lectures to graduate students on ancient Iranian and ancient Persian languages. When the lecture ended, I entered the classroom. Vasily Ivanovich was reading some book through a magnifying glass, turning the pages very quickly, not seeing or hearing anything around. I was stunned. One of the graduate students, a Tajik by nationality, turned to me: “Talk to him, otherwise he will move on to reading the second book.” I looked at her in surprise, she smiled and said: “Don’t be surprised, he has his own method.” quick reading" I became bolder and greeted Vasily Ivanovich in Ossetian. He stopped reading for a second and went back into the book. “I’m from Chereb, I brought you photographs from Aleksey Margiev,” I said louder and wanted to leave. He stood up, smiled and said: “Thank you Alexey, but who are you?” I introduced myself. “The same Zoya, whose articles are published in the journal Fidiuæg, who sent me a letter with questions?” I blushed and nodded my head. He sat me down and treated me to Belochka sweets. We started talking about my dissertation, about my Tskhinvali acquaintances, he asked about the purpose of my visit. This is how we met.

1982 I had the opportunity to do an internship at the Institute of Linguistics. Upon arrival in Moscow, I turned to Vasily Ivanovich with a request to attend his lectures. After thinking, he replied: “You protected candidate's thesis, why else do you need my lectures?” But I repeated my request, he agreed and added that, despite the fact that I am a candidate of sciences, he will ask me the same as other graduate students. I attended the lectures with interest; a lot became clear to me about the position of the vowel sound “y”, which I worked on before arriving in Moscow, and about its place in the ancient Iranian language. Moreover, I recorded his lectures on tape. Together with the graduate students living in the dormitory, I prepared for lectures, feeling like a student.

1982 Vaso Abaev received State Prize. On this occasion, a reception was organized in Moscow, which was attended by more than a hundred people. Prominent scientists gave speeches. I had no intention of speaking, but academician Magomet Isaev asked me to congratulate Vasily Ivanovich on behalf of the South Ossetian intelligentsia. I stood up, said a few sentences in Russian, then switched to Ossetian, noting, in particular, that in South Ossetia we call it “nækhi Vaso.” In response, he said that he was very pleased to hear this.

Once I needed advice from Vasily Ivanovich on some vowel sounds. I came to his house and showed him the results of my work. For ten minutes he said nothing. Then he asked if I had worked on Schiffner’s texts. I answered no. He took out Schiffner’s texts and began looking through them. I waited with tension for an answer, but I dared to say, “Vasily Ivanovich, if I’m wrong, tell me about it directly.” His wife was also nervous. After a while he said: “Wow, how I passed by.” As if in pity, I touched his hand with the words: “Nothing, this happens too,” and was embarrassed by my words. He realized that I had broken the chain of command from an excess of emotion and laughed, hugged me and admonished me: “Have a good day, Zoya.”

Seeing what a wonderful library he has, what amazing paintings and sculptures (anniversary gifts) in his house, I had the idea of ​​creating a corner in South Ossetia where he could stay during his visits here. I proposed my idea to him, he remained silent. When I started talking about this again, he said with irritation: “Zoya, you speak as if you are the secretary of the regional committee. Let's say I agreed, but it didn't work out. What then? I replied: “You agree, and the rest is my concern.” I had no doubt that this issue would be resolved positively, because at that time the secretary of the regional committee was Tamara Kabulova, who supported this idea. In the summer of 1983, I came to Tskhinvali and talked with L. Chibirov and G. Kotaev. The issue was soon settled. For the great scientist was allocated wooden house on the street Japaridze (today V. Abayev St.). For two years we put it in order, planted trees and grapes in the garden, flowers in the yard, installed water and finally invited him.

Vaso loved his new home very much and called it “a house on chicken legs.” He stayed there for five months a year. The time he spent here certainly contributed to his living to be 100 years old.

1987 Grigory Kotaev, Kharum Takazov, Shamil Dzhigkaev were guests of V. Abaev.

Vasily Ivanovich asked me to turn on the tape recorder and dictated the will of South Ossetia dated June 24, 1987. It began with the words: “I want to donate my entire library to South Ossetia. This will be a modest sign of my gratitude to South Ossetia, its public for everything that it has done for me...” And then he wrote that the library would be located in his house, that someone would manage it, monitor its safety, and compile catalogs. According to him, not only those closest to him, but also those interested in books will have access to books.

But the war began, then V. Abaeva’s wife, Ksenia Grigorievna, died. The library was transported from Moscow to the Center for Historical and Cultural History of Vladikavkaz, and the “V.I.Abaev Foundation” was formed. The last time he came to Tskhinvali was in May 1990 and stayed here until November. He was very concerned about the fate of the youth of South Ossetia. Vasily Ivanovich often met with members of the Apollo student club. At the end of one of the meetings, he asked: “Zoe, did I say anything unnecessary? I can be harsh sometimes...” Ksenia Grigorievna and I looked at each other. I thought: the more cultured, educated a person, the broader his worldview, the simpler he is.

1992 As a member of the parliament of the newborn republic, she accompanied 18 seriously wounded people for treatment. I called Vaso Abaev and then went to his house. He greeted me coldly. Before this, “our greatest patriots,” as the most authoritative Ossetian, persuaded him to write that South Ossetia, administratively, is part of Georgia and young people should take this into account and not shed blood. I told him: “Vasily Ivanovich, I started and ended my lectures with your name, now as soon as I call it, students leave the lectures. Maybe you will soften your words.” He got angry, slammed his fist on the table and said: “You are an extremist, a nationalist.” I answered: “Who made me like this?” - “Are you saying that I am?” “Exactly so,” I answered. Why then did you write: “From the depths of centuries the tramp of Scythian horses could be heard...” Then I ask the question: “Together with the Georgian scientist Georgiy Tsereteli in the 40s of the 20th century, you wrote the article “Armaz bilingual”, where they firmly noted that they were buried in the Armaz gorge remains of Scythian kings. Tell me, have you changed your mind since then?” He replied: “Why should I change my opinion if it is correct?” I continued: “If the Scythians did not live in this territory, it turns out that they bought this gorge to bury their rulers?” He became thoughtful and said: “Where did the Scythians go then?” – “Science associates the substrate theory with your name. According to this theory, our ancestors adhered to military democracy and at the same time led a nomadic lifestyle. Some of the Scythians, probably a large number, headed towards today’s Turkmenistan and settled there (this is your idea). Others, together with the ancestors of today’s Georgians, provided the basis for the development Georgian language, their spiritual development, because being warlike people, the Ossetians guarded the Georgians.” Vasily Ivanovich smiled and said: “We’ll say goodbye on this note!”

I always tried to do something nice for him. I visited him regularly for a year. When his wife passed away, a Russian woman, Masha, looked after him. She was very polite, reserved, and understood the importance of Vaso Abaev. Masha remained next to him until his last breath; for three years she looked after him as if he were her own father. When I went to St. Petersburg to visit my daughter, I took with me Ossetian cheese and corn flour. On my way back I passed through Moscow and visited Vaso Abaev. Masha and I baked pies and corn cakes, and Vasily Ivanovich kept saying: “I felt like I was in my native Kobe.”

2000 Once again I was heading from St. Petersburg to Moscow and came to Vasily Ivanovich to record him on a tape recorder. We talked about different things. He was worried about the youth, he said that they would not move forward with weapons in their hands and free struggle. It is necessary from an early age to instill in a child a taste for native word, Ossetian customs.

At the 75th anniversary party, Vaso Abaev said: “If you asked me, what science is most important in our time? Linguistics? – I would answer no. Physics? - No, not physics. The most important thing for us now is ethics.” (M.I. Isaev. “Vasily Ivanovich Abaev”).

Zoya Bitarti, PhD in Philology

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