Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov, hero of the Battle of Stalingrad. Battle of Stalingrad

Hero Soviet Union- hero of the Battle of Stalingrad, commander of a group of fighters who defended the so-called in the summer of 1942. Pavlov's house in the center of Stalingrad. This house and its defenders have become a symbol heroic defense cities on the Volga.

Born in the village of Krestovaya, now Valdai district Novgorod region, finished primary school, worked in agriculture. From there he was drafted into the Red Army in 1938. The Great Patriotic War met in combat units in the Kovel area, as part of the troops Southwestern Front who fought heavy defensive battles on the territory of Ukraine.

In 1942 he was sent to the 42nd Guards rifle regiment 13th guards division General A.I. Rodimtsev. Participated in defensive battles on the approaches to Stalingrad. In July-August 1942, Senior Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov was reorganized in the city of Kamyshin, where he was appointed commander of the machine gun squad of the 7th company. In September 1942 - in the battles for Stalingrad, he carried out reconnaissance missions.

On the evening of September 27, 1942, Ya.F. Pavlov received a combat mission from the company commander, Lieutenant Naumov, to reconnoiter the situation in a 4-story building overlooking the January 9 Square ( central square city) and occupied an important tactical position. With three fighters (Chernogolov, Glushchenko and Aleksandrov) he managed to knock the Germans out of the building and completely capture it. Soon the group received reinforcements, ammunition, and a telephone line. Together with the platoon of Lieutenant I. Afanasyev, the number of defenders reached 24 people. It was not immediately possible to dig a trench and evacuate civilians hiding in the basements of the house.

The fascist invaders continuously attacked the building, trying to smash it with artillery and aerial bombs. Skillfully maneuvering the forces of a small “garrison”, Ya.F. Pavlov avoided big losses and for almost two months did not allow the enemy to break through to the Volga.

November 19, 1942 troops Stalingrad Front(see Operation Uranus) launched a counteroffensive. On November 25, during the attack, Ya.F. Pavlov was wounded in the leg. He was in the hospital, then fought as a gunner and commander of the reconnaissance department in the artillery units of the 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian fronts, reached Stettin. He was awarded two Orders of the Red Star and medals. Soon after the end of the war (June 17, 1945), junior lieutenant Ya.F. Pavlov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (medal No. 6775). Demobilized from the ranks Soviet Army in August 1946

After demobilization, he worked in Novgorod and graduated from the Higher Party School under the CPSU Central Committee. Elected as a deputy three times Supreme Council RSFSR from the Novgorod region. After the war he was also awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order October Revolution. He repeatedly came to Stalingrad (now Volgograd), met with residents of the city who survived the war and restored it from ruins. In 1980, Ya.F. Pavlov was awarded the title “Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd.”

In Veliky Novgorod, in a boarding school named after him for orphans and children left without parental care, there is a Pavlov Museum (Derevyanitsy microdistrict, Beregovaya Street, building 44).

Ya.F. Pavlov was buried in the Alley of Heroes of the Western Cemetery of Veliky Novgorod. The version that Y.F. Pavlov did not die in 1981, but became the confessor of the Holy Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Fr. Kirill has no basis - this is his namesake, although in the past he was also a defender of Stalingrad.

On October 17, 1917 (new style), Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov was born in the village of Krestovaya (now Valdai district, Novgorod region).

– Yuri Yakovlevich, where does the Pavlov family come from?

– Yakov Fedotovich’s grandfather and great-grandfather, as far as I was able to find out, were born and lived in the village of Krestovaya. I only knew grandmother Anisya. I heard about grandfather Fedot (1887–1941) only from her words. They got married in January 1914. My grandfather was engaged in peasant labor and knew shoemaking. He helped villagers repair shoes and could even sew boots. My grandfather died before the war, in March 1941. Grandma Anisya lived with us. Her father came to Krestovaya and took her to us. She lived to be 91 years old and died in 1981, outliving her father.

The last time my father and I were in Krestovaya was in 1972. There was practically no road, and our Zhiguli drove back on a sheet of steel along with cans of milk. And the sheet was pulled by a caterpillar tractor...

– What was the fate of Yakov Fedotovich after the war?

– Having been demobilized in 1946, he returned to his homeland, to Valdai. He was offered to stay in the army, but he refused. He served from '38 to '46. And, of course, three wounds had an effect.

He started working as an instructor in the district executive committee. They sent me to study in Leningrad along the party line. After studying, he became the 3rd secretary of the Valdai district party committee. Supervised agriculture. The position was troublesome - the Valdai region at that time was agricultural.

In 1947, my mom and dad got married. Soon he was sent to study at the Higher Party School under the CPSU Central Committee in Moscow, where I was born in 1951. His mother went with him and taught Russian to Koreans and Vietnamese. They stayed in Moscow until 1956, and then returned to Valdai again.

He had to travel around the area a lot. First - on the Kovrovets motorcycle. The motorcycle often broke down, and my father joked: “It’s unknown who rode who more…”. There were no roads in the area.

Even then, his health began to fail and he became a director at a local printing house. He worked for a year or a little more, and then he was persuaded to move to Novgorod. In August 1961, we moved to this apartment. My father worked at the Kometa plant in the supply department.

- He's on new job Did you have to travel a lot too?

“I had to, although his health was not the same.” At first I went to the hospital every other year, every year, and then twice a year. I had the opportunity to travel with him often. Because of this, I even had to quit my job. Now he’s going to Volgograd, but who’s going to carry the suitcase?

He visited Cuba and knew Fidel and Raul Castro. He came to France at the invitation of the pilots of the Normandy-Niemen squadron. Today, medals donated by the French remind us of this. The most expensive souvenir from Volgograd is the sieve with which the veterans sowed the Soldiers' Field. I asked several people who attended the event to sign it.

My father met with conscripts in military units and took me to these meetings, which I was very happy about. He even went to Hungary, where there was then military unit, in which he fought until the Victory.

– What was Yakov Fedotovich like with his family?

- Warm-hearted, sympathetic, very kind and cheerful, I loved talking with him on various topics.

On weekends, he found time to be with his family and did various household chores. In my childhood, in the winter in Valdai, our whole family went on ski trips. In summer and autumn we often went fishing and picked mushrooms. I always looked forward to Sunday and pestered my father - when and where will we go?

– Did he tell you about the war, about what he had to endure?

- IN everyday life everything seemed natural, simple and ordinary, except for my father’s memories of the war. I listened to them especially carefully. And I was always surprised at what military, combat and everyday hardships my father and other soldiers had to experience and overcome. And at the same time, show courage, perseverance and be strong, strong-willed, skillful fighters. I wanted to be like them.

He never flaunted the Hero's Gold Star in front of people, but at the same time, he valued it highly. He lived modestly. Worked hard, studied social activities, took an active part in instilling in young people a sense of patriotism and love for the Motherland. He often told me: “We, the soldiers of the Soviet Army, did not think that this was a feat, but simply carried out our military duty" Never said, “I defended the house.” He always repeated: “We defended.”

– I heard that Yakov Fedotovich was offered to move to Volgograd...

- It was like that. I remember they even offered an apartment in the center, where Vuchetich’s workshop used to be. By the way, it was here in 1964 that Evgeniy Viktorovich painted his father’s portrait, which has been hanging in our apartment since then.

Dad, by the way, was familiar with many outstanding and famous people. I still have autographs of letters or greeting cards General Pavel Batov, singer Tamara Miansarova, Alexei Maresyev, Yuri Gagarin and many, many others. While still studying in Leningrad, my father became friends with legendary sniper Vasily Zaitsev, with whom he usually attended various events in Volgograd.

By the way, I often visited the hero city. And not only with his father, but also with his mother and with his son. I have always really liked the city and the people of Volgograd. I especially admired the sculptures of Mamayev Kurgan, the panorama museum “ Battle of Stalingrad", the power of the great Russian river Volga. And it begins with a small stream in our native land, where we went in school years on hikes.

– How did your fate turn out?

– Worked as an engineer, carpenter, and club leader applied creativity. Now retired. My children - son Alexey and daughter Svetlana - are ordinary guys. The son is a builder, the daughter is the chief specialist of the financial service center of the department of education and youth policy of the Novgorod region. Granddaughter Ksenia is in the 8th grade and practices ballroom dancing.

Today Russia celebrates the day military glory– Day of defeat Soviet troops Nazi troops in the Battle of Stalingrad (1943). Much has been written about the exploits of the heroic defenders of Stalingrad. And today I want to talk about the legendary Sergeant Yakov Pavlov, who became famous with his comrades in the fall of 1942. Moreover, on October 17, 2017, the country will celebrate the 100th anniversary of the birth of Yakov Pavlov.

So, in October 1917, in an ordinary peasant family in the village of Krestovaya, present-day Novgorod region, a boy was born who received the name Yakov. A few days later, a revolution occurred in Russia, which could not but affect his fate. He got the opportunity to study, but did not have time to test his knowledge in practice, since almost immediately after graduating from school he received a summons to the military registration and enlistment office.

This happened in 1938, when Yakov, three years before the start of the Great Patriotic War, became a fighter in the Red Army. Summer 1941 junior sergeant Pavlov took the first battle near the city of Kovel. He was the commander of a machine gun squad, then a gunner. Together with his units, he retreated deeper into the country until he ended up in Stalingrad. Got into guards unit which I was very proud of.

On the night of September 27, 1942, battalion commander Alexei Zhukov ordered the company commander, Senior Lieutenant I. Naumov, to conduct reconnaissance in force in the only four-story building of the regional consumer union that survived the bombing at 61 Penzenskaya Street. The commander sent a group of four scouts to the house, commanded by Guard Sergeant Yakov Pavlov , with the task of gaining a foothold in it and preventing a breakthrough German troops to the Volga River in the area of ​​9 January Square (now Lenin Square).

When a legend was sculpted from Pavlov’s House a few years later, it was “added” that Pavlov recaptured the house from the Nazis. At the same time, the number of fascists themselves is modestly kept silent. Most likely, the Germans simply did not have time to get comfortable in this house and also sent scouts to find out the situation. And ours arrived a little later. In any case, Yakov Pavlovich’s memoirs directly indicate that the Germans were living in two apartments in the second entrance on the first floor. Our four burst into the apartments, threw three lemons into the rooms, and after the smoke from the explosions cleared, they discharged another horn of machine guns into the apartments. And at the same time, only three Nazis were killed, and three more wounded were finished off after they tried to get out of the building.

Since the Nazis, located 200-300 meters from the house in the dark, could not determine the strength of the attackers, they bombed and shelled the house all night, but did not bring any harm to our scouts. And just before the shelling, Pavlov discovered medical instructor Kalinin, who had appeared out of nowhere, in one of the basements, and sent him to battalion headquarters so that he could convey the situation in the house. But he managed to get through to his own people only a day later.

But the commander of the guard regiment, Colonel Elin, having learned that the company commander had sent only four soldiers, gave Alexei Zhukov a formal dressing down, sighing sadly: “They were probably all already dead, they should have sent more.” And then they brought Kalinin into the basement, who gave the battalion commander a note from Pavlov. That same night, reinforcements were sent to the house on January 9 Square, and most importantly, contact was established with the company commander, and the cable was laid by signalmen.

The platoon that arrived at the house was commanded by Guard Lieutenant Ivan Afanasyev. He was entrusted with leading the defense. It was difficult to imagine that in a combat situation a sergeant commanded a lieutenant, especially since the defenders were not “cut off” from command, according to by and large Zhukov and Naumov gave instructions. But for some reason it was not Ivan Afanasyev (who remembers him?), but Yakov Pavlov who went down in history. Why?

Everything here most likely lies in the area of ​​ideology. Firstly, the first group was still commanded by Pavlov, and the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to the first group that crossed the river, broke into a height, captured fascist trenches, etc. And, secondly, it was more convenient to raise the patriotic spirit of Soviet soldiers - still a sergeant. So that other junior commanders show initiative and the ability to take responsibility in battle, so that they do not feel out of place when, for example, officers die. And a lieutenant is supposed to command anyway!

But this does not mean that Pavlov did not show courage. He fought on par with everyone else, and even a little better, if only because, unlike some fighters, he was an experienced warrior who had three years of service before the war and one year of participation in hostilities. And, naturally, it was he who set an example for the soldiers, for he was, as it were, on the same level with them.

One more myth can be debunked. All textbooks say that the house was defended by 24 guardsmen. In fact, the fighting strength of the defenders was constantly renewed, the wounded were sent to the rear (although what kind of rear is there if the Germans are just a stone's throw away). According to the most conservative estimates, there were about three dozen defenders.

The Nazis made dozens of attempts to drive the heroes out of the house, but in vain. How could they survive in this hell? Largely due to the fact that the guards had reserve positions. In front of the house there was a cemented gas storage facility, to which they dug underground passage. Another convenient position was located behind the house, about thirty meters away, where there was a hatch for the water supply tunnel, into which an underground passage was also dug. As soon as the Nazis opened fire on the house, only those on duty remained at their posts, and everyone else went to shelters. The shelling stopped, and the entire small garrison was again in the house, again mowing down the Fritz who were trying to attack our positions.

The brave ones held out for 58 days and nights soviet soldiers. They left the building on November 24, when the regiment launched a counteroffensive. As you might guess, Yakov Pavlov celebrated his 25th birthday within the walls of the house. But neither Pavlov nor his military friends focused attention on how he celebrated the anniversary.

It remains to add that Guard Sergeant Pavlov received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union after the May victory salute, on June 27, 1945. Along with the star, he was also given lieutenant's shoulder straps. On next year Yakov Fedotovich retired from the army. Then he graduated from the Higher Party School under the CPSU Central Committee. Worked in national economy. Awarded the Order Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, 2 Orders of the Red Star and medals. By decision of the Volgograd City Council people's deputies On May 7, 1980, Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov was awarded the title “Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd.”

Unfortunately, his health, undermined by injuries, significantly shortened the hero’s life. On September 29, 1981, Hero of the Soviet Union Ya. F. Pavlov died. He was buried in the city of Novgorod (now Veliky Novgorod) at the Western Cemetery...

And even though history has preserved only his last name for posterity, he still shared the glory with all his comrades. Each of the surviving defenders of the House has always been the most dear guest in Volgograd. In a city where they did not spare their lives. And it is not so important whose name this House would be named. Veterans generally propose to rename it the House of Soldiers' Glory. Maybe this is right...

Yuri Moskalenko

https://shkolazhizni.ru/culture/articles/9740/

“We will never forget the harsh and formidable year of 1942. A quarter of a century ago, the fate of our Fatherland was decided here... Our oath - there is no land beyond the Volga for us - expressed the determination to fight to the death, expressed the nationwide desire to defeat the enemy in Stalingrad...”

Ya.F. Pavlov

“Let our prayers merge into a single cry to the Lord, so that those for whom we pray will rejoice in spirit for our love for them...”

Archimandrite Kirill (Pavlov)

Once I had the opportunity to meet pilgrims from the Trinity-Sergius Lavra on Valaam. The elder, Archimandrite Kirill (Pavlov), was also mentioned in the conversation. Someone asked whether this is the legendary Sergeant Pavlov from Stalingrad, or all the talk about this is just an ordinary poetic invention, of which there are many wandering among the Orthodox.

“And so and so they say...” answered the monk Sergius. – And Elder Kirill himself, in his humility, does not answer this question. But, apparently, Sergeant Pavlov is who he is.

- He, of course! – the elderly monk supported him. - Who else is so against it? an entire army could you defend the house? Only a man of prayer like Kirill could do something like this...

My interlocutors were wrong.

Although Archimandrite Kirill (Pavlov) also fought in Stalingrad with the rank of sergeant, he was the commander of the machine gun squad of the 42nd Guards rifle regiment 13th Guards Division of General Rodimtsev, defending for 58 days famous house specialists, there was another Stalingrad sergeant- Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov.

1

In the old days, every schoolchild knew about this House...

The 13th Guards Division of General Rodimtsev miraculously managed to stop the enemy rushing towards the Volga, just a few hundred meters from the shore, on the January 9 Square.

When there was a break, we noticed that neutral zone The dark gray House of Specialists remains. From time to time, automatic and machine gun fire could be heard from there.

It was decided to send reconnaissance. The choice fell on Sergeant Yakov Pavlov. Together with Corporal V.S. Glushchenko and privates A.P. Alexandrov and N.Ya. Black-headed, the fearless sergeant went to the house. There, in the basement, where they were hiding local residents, the scouts met with medical instructor Dmitry Kalinin and two wounded soldiers. There were also few Germans in the house yet. Moving from one apartment to another, from floor to floor, the scouts knocked out the Nazis.

The house of specialists was considered one of the most prestigious in Stalingrad. Leaders lived there industrial enterprises and party workers. From the house a direct road led to the Volga.

The German positions were clearly visible from the house. Having assessed the situation, Sergeant Pavlov decided that it was impossible to leave this house.

Early in the morning the scouts took the first enemy attack. For almost two months, fifty-eight days, the Germans stormed Pavlov’s House and were never able to take it.

This is, of course, a miracle...

The German army, which easily covered many thousands of kilometers and captured dozens of countries, got stuck in front of an ordinary four-story house on a Stalingrad street, but was never able to get through last meters, leading to the Volga.

2

In those very September days, when the Germans attacked Stalingrad with all the might of their armies, another sergeant, Ivan Dmitrievich Pavlov, also defended the city on the Volga. He was two years younger than his heroic namesake, but his military path turned out to be longer, because he began at Finnish war. And, like Yakov Fedotovich in the House on January 9 Square, Ivan Dmitrievich also found his fate in the ruins of a Stalingrad house.

Ivan Dmitrievich picked up bricks from a pile broken book, began to read it and felt, as he later recalled, “something so dear, dear to the soul.” This was the Gospel.

Ivan Dmitrievich collected all his leaves together and never parted with the found Book. Thus began his journey to God.

“When I started reading the Gospel, my eyes just opened up to everything around me, to all the events,” he later said. – I walked with the Gospel and was not afraid. Never. It was such inspiration! The Lord was just next to me, and I was not afraid of anything...”

Ivan Dmitrievich reached Austria, took part in the battles on Lake Balaton, and in 1946, when he was demobilized from Hungary, he came to Moscow.

“At the Yelokhovsky Cathedral I ask if we have any spiritual institution. “There is,” they say, “a theological seminary has been opened in the Novodevichy Convent.” I went there straight in military uniform. I remember the vice-rector, Father Sergius Savinsky, greeted me cordially”...

So yesterday's sergeant became a seminarian.

After completing the seminary, he studied at the Moscow Theological Academy and in 1953 took monastic vows.

It was not Ivan Dmitrievich Pavlov who graduated from the Theological Academy in 1954, but Hieromonk Kirill.

The fate of Sergeant Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov is completely different, but - so strange! – all its key points coincide in time with the key events in the biography of the future archimandrite.

In 1944, Yakov Fedotovich joined Communist Party. He met victory with the rank of foreman, and on June 27, 1945, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the feat accomplished back in Stalingrad.

After the war, Yakov Fedotovich graduated from the Higher Party School under the CPSU Central Committee and worked in the national economy, was elected three times to the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, and was awarded the Orders of Lenin and the October Revolution.

In 1980 he was awarded the title “ Honorary Citizen Volgograd". Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov died in 1981 and was buried in Novgorod.

Well, the whole life of Archimandrite Kirill turned out to be connected with the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. Archimandrite Kirill became the confessor of the entire brethren of the main monastery of Russia.

It was Elder Kirill who confessed to the now deceased Patriarchs Alexy and Pimen. Now he is the confessor of Alexy II.

The elder almost never visits the Lavra - he lives in Peredelkino, in the residence of His Holiness Patriarch of All Rus' Alexy II.

The elder prefers not to talk about his military past.

“It remained in that life,” he answers his annoying interlocutors.

They say that one day Archimandrite Kirill was called to the military registration and enlistment office of Sergiev Posad and asked what to tell the Moscow authorities about the defender of Stalingrad Pavlov.

“Tell me that I died...” the elder answered.

3

I would not explain the confusion that occurred with Sergeants Pavlov in some Orthodox publications by the enthusiasm of Orthodox authors alone. Of course, the prevalence of the Pavlov surname played a role here.

Few people know that only three Pavlovs became Heroes of the Soviet Union in Stalingrad. This high rank Captain Sergei Mikhailovich Pavlov and Guard Senior Sergeant Dmitry Ivanovich Pavlov were awarded.

And Sergeant Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov himself, as we have already noted, received the title of Hero for his unprecedented feat in Stalingrad only after the war, when he finally joined the Communist Party.

It is possible to find deeper roots of this combination of different Pavlov sergeants into one whole. The long silence of the role took its toll Orthodox Church and millions Orthodox people in victory over occult Reich. After all, practically nothing is known about when fascist Germany attacked the USSR Orthodox clergy, having forgotten about previous persecutions, stood up to defend the Fatherland.

In Stalingrad alone you can find many examples of this. The Dnieper priest from the Kazan Cathedral walked around the besieged city and blessed the residents and soldiers for military work. The clergyman Boris Vasiliev in the battle on the Volga commanded a platoon of reconnaissance officers, and Metropolitan Alexy of Kalinin and Kashinsky, then just private Alexey Konoplev, was a machine gunner...

In fact, there is also that mystical side in this story that is incomprehensible to the end, which does not allow us to talk about the connection in the Orthodox popular consciousness of the Hero of the Soviet Union, Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov and the confessor of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Archimandrite Kirill, simply as a mistake.

I first thought about this while listening to the sermon delivered by Archimandrite Kirill.

“Let us give one reliable example, described by the third-century holy martyr Perpetua,” he said. “Once,” writes the martyr, “in prison, during a common prayer, I accidentally pronounced the name of my deceased brother Dinocrates. Struck by the unexpectedness, I began to pray and sigh for him before God. The next night I had a vision. I see Dinocrates emerging from a dark place, very hot and thirsty, unclean in appearance and pale; on his face there is a wound with which he died. There was a great gulf between me and him, so that we could not get closer to each other. Near the place where Dinocrates stood there was a full reservoir, the edge of which was much higher than the height of my brother, and Dinocrates stretched out, trying to get water. I regretted that the height of the edge prevented my brother from getting drunk. Immediately after this I woke up and realized that my brother was in agony. Believing that prayer could help him in his suffering, I prayed days and nights in prison, with screams and tears, that he would be given to me. On that day, on which we remained bound in chains, a new phenomenon appeared to me: the place that I had previously seen as dark became light, and Dinocrates, clean in face and in beautiful clothes, was enjoying the coolness. Where he had a wound, I see only a trace of it, and the edge of the reservoir was now no more than the height of the youth’s waist, and he could easily get water from there. On the edge stood a golden bowl full of water; Dinocrates approached and began to drink from it, and the water did not decrease. That was the end of the vision. Then I realized that he was freed from punishment.”

Blessed Augustine, in explanation of this story, says that Dinocrates was enlightened by holy baptism, but was carried away by the example of his pagan father and was not firm in the faith, and died after some sins, common at his age. For such infidelity to the holy faith, he suffered suffering, but through the prayers of his holy sister he got rid of it.

Therefore, my dears, as long as the militant Church remains on earth, with its benefits the lot of dead sinners can still change for the better. How much consolation there is for a sorrowful heart, how much light there is for a perplexed mind in Christianity! Rays of light pour from it into the dark kingdom of the dead.”

You think about the words of this sermon by Archimandrite Kirill, and somehow you see the story of the Pavlov sergeants differently...

It is not confusion, but a high heavenly light that you discern in it.

: Incorrect or missing image

Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov(October 4 - September 28, 1981) - hero of the Battle of Stalingrad, commander of a group of fighters who, in the fall of 1942, defended a four-story residential building on Lenin Square (Pavlov's House) in the center of Stalingrad. This house and its defenders became a symbol of the heroic defense of the city on the Volga. Hero of the Soviet Union (1945).

Biography

Yakov Pavlov was born in the village of Krestovaya, graduated from elementary school, and worked in agriculture. In 1938 he was drafted into the Red Army. He met the Great Patriotic War in combat units in the Kovel region, as part of the troops of the Southwestern Front.

In 1942, Pavlov was sent to the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Division under General A.I. Rodimtsev. He took part in defensive battles on the approaches to Stalingrad. In July-August 1942, Senior Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov was reorganized in the city of Kamyshin, where he was appointed commander of the machine gun squad of the 7th company. In September 1942, in the battles for Stalingrad, he carried out reconnaissance missions.

On the evening of September 27, 1942, Pavlov received a combat mission from the company commander, Lieutenant Naumov, to reconnoiter the situation in a 4-story building overlooking the central square of Stalingrad - January 9th Square. This building occupied an important tactical position. With three fighters (Chernogolov, Glushchenko and Aleksandrov) he knocked the Germans out of the building and completely captured it. Soon the group received reinforcements, ammunition and telephone communication. Together with the platoon of Lieutenant I. Afanasyev, the number of defenders increased to 26 people. It was not immediately possible to dig a trench and evacuate civilians hiding in the basements of the house.

The Germans constantly attacked the building with artillery and aerial bombs. But Pavlov avoided heavy losses and for almost two months did not allow the enemy to break through to the Volga.

On November 19, 1942, the troops of the Stalingrad Front launched a counteroffensive. On November 25, during the attack, Pavlov was wounded in the leg, lay in the hospital, then was a gunner and commander of the reconnaissance section in the artillery units of the 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian Fronts, in which he reached Stettin. He was awarded two Orders of the Red Star and many medals. On June 17, 1945, junior lieutenant Yakov Pavlov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (medal No. 6775). Pavlov was demobilized from the Soviet Army in August 1946.

After demobilization, he worked in the city of Valdai, Novgorod region, was the third secretary of the district committee, and graduated from the Higher Party School under the CPSU Central Committee. Three times he was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR from the Novgorod region. After the war, he was also awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of the October Revolution. He repeatedly came to Stalingrad (now Volgograd), met with residents of the city who survived the war and restored it from ruins. In 1980, Y. F. Pavlov was awarded the title “Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd.”

Pavlov is buried in the Alley of Heroes of the Western Cemetery of Veliky Novgorod. There is a version that Pavlov did not die in 1981, but became the confessor of the Holy Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Father Kirill. This information has no confirmation and has been repeatedly refuted.

Memory

• In Veliky Novgorod, in a boarding school named after him for orphans and children left without parental care, there is a Pavlov Museum (Derevyanitsy microdistrict, Beregovaya Street, building 44).
• Streets in Veliky Novgorod and Valdai are named after the Hero.

Image in culture

• Battle of Stalingrad (1949) - Leonid Knyazev.
• Stalingrad (1989) - Sergei Garmash.

• Yakov Pavlov is mentioned in computer game Call of Duty in the Pavlov campaign.
• In the computer game Panzer Corps in the grand campaign of '42, in the mission "Docks of Stalingrad" there is Pavlov's house, which is protected by the "Sergeant Pavlov" detachment.
• Yakov Pavlov took part in the “Song-74” festival.
• Yakov Pavlov appears in the game Sniper Elite.
• Pavlov's house is present in the computer game Red Orchestra 2: Heroes of Stalingrad.

See also

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Notes

Links

. Website "Heroes of the Country".

• TSB, 2nd edition.
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Excerpt characterizing Pavlov, Yakov Fedotovich

Two enemy cannonballs had already flown over the bridge, and there was a crush on the bridge. In the middle of the bridge, having dismounted from his horse, pressed with his thick body against the railing, stood Prince Nesvitsky.
He, laughing, looked back at his Cossack, who, with two horses in the lead, stood a few steps behind him.
As soon as Prince Nesvitsky wanted to move forward, the soldiers and carts again pressed on him and again pressed him against the railing, and he had no choice but to smile.
- What are you, my brother! - the Cossack said to the Furshtat soldier with the cart, who was pressing on the infantry crowded with the very wheels and horses, - what are you! No, to wait: you see, the general has to pass.
But Furshtat, not paying attention to the name of the general, shouted at the soldiers blocking his way: “Hey!” fellow countrymen! keep left, wait! - But the countrywomen, crowding shoulder to shoulder, clinging with bayonets and without interruption, moved along the bridge alone solid mass. Looking down over the railing, Prince Nesvitsky saw the fast, noisy, low waves of Ens, which, merging, rippling and bending around the bridge piles, overtook one another. Looking at the bridge, he saw equally monotonous living waves of soldiers, coats, shakos with covers, backpacks, bayonets, long guns and, from under the shakos, faces with wide cheekbones, sunken cheeks and carefree tired expressions, and moving legs along the sticky mud dragged onto the boards of the bridge . Sometimes, between the monotonous waves of soldiers, like a splash of white foam in the waves of Ens, an officer in a raincoat, with his own physiognomy different from the soldiers, squeezed between the soldiers; sometimes, like a piece of wood winding along the river, a foot hussar, an orderly or a resident was carried across the bridge by waves of infantry; sometimes, like a log floating along the river, surrounded on all sides, a company or officer's cart, piled to the top and covered with leather, floated across the bridge.
“Look, they broke like a dam,” the Cossack said, stopping hopelessly. -Are there many of you still there?
– Melion without one! - a cheerful soldier walking nearby in a torn overcoat said winking and disappeared; another passed behind him, old soldier.
“When he (he is the enemy) begins to fry the taperich on the bridge,” the old soldier said gloomily, turning to his comrade, “you will forget to itch.”
And the soldier passed by. Behind him another soldier rode on a cart.
“Where the hell did you stuff the tucks?” - said the orderly, running after the cart and rummaging in the back.
And this one came with a cart. This was followed by cheerful and apparently drunk soldiers.
“How can he, dear man, blaze with the butt right in the teeth…” one soldier in an overcoat tucked high said joyfully, waving his hand widely.
- This is it, sweet ham is that. - answered the other with laughter.
And they passed, so Nesvitsky did not know who was hit in the teeth and what the ham belonged to.
“They’re in such a hurry that he let out a cold one, so you think they’ll kill everyone.” - the non-commissioned officer said angrily and reproachfully.
“As soon as it flies past me, uncle, that cannonball,” said the young soldier, barely restraining laughter, with a huge mouth, “I froze.” Really, by God, I was so scared, it’s a disaster! - said this soldier, as if boasting that he was scared. And this one passed. Following him was a carriage, unlike any that had passed so far. It was a German steam-powered forshpan, loaded, it seemed, with a whole house; tied behind the forshpan that the German was carrying was a beautiful, motley cow with a huge udder. A woman was sitting on a feather bed with infant, an old woman and a young, purple-red, healthy German girl. Apparently, these evicted residents were allowed through with special permission. The eyes of all the soldiers turned to the women, and while the cart passed, moving step by step, all the soldiers' comments related only to two women. Almost the same smile of lewd thoughts about this woman was on all their faces.
- Look, the sausage is also removed!
“Sell your mother,” striking the last syllable, said another soldier, turning to the German, who, with his eyes downcast, walked angrily and fearfully with wide steps.
- How did you clean up! Damn it!
“If only you could stand with them, Fedotov.”
- You saw it, brother!
-Where are you going? - asked the infantry officer who was eating an apple, also half-smiling and looking at the beautiful girl.
The German, closing his eyes, showed that he did not understand.
“If you want, take it for yourself,” the officer said, handing the girl an apple. The girl smiled and took it. Nesvitsky, like everyone else on the bridge, did not take his eyes off the women until they passed. When they passed, the same soldiers walked again, with the same conversations, and finally everyone stopped. As often happens, at the exit of the bridge the horses in the company cart hesitated, and the entire crowd had to wait.
- And what do they become? There is no order! - said the soldiers. -Where are you going? Damn! There's no need to wait. Worse yet It will be like he sets fire to the bridge. “You see, they locked up the officer too,” they talked to different sides the crowds stopped, looking at each other, and kept pressing forward towards the exit.