Here it must be said that although the event itself took place in 1380 on September 8 according to the old style, i.e. September 16 - according to the new, but officially holiday - Day military glory- celebrated on September 21. This is the cost of converting dates from the old style to the new one. Since, when assigning the date, the rule was not taken into account: when converting dates of the 14th century, 8 days are added to the old style, but they were added according to the rules of the Russian Orthodox Church 13 days (according to church chronology when converting dates from the old style to new Age 13 days are always added, regardless of the century when it occurred). Because of these inconsistencies in the calendars, it turns out that the correct calendar anniversary of the battle falls on September 16, while the state and Orthodox celebration remains on September 21.
Although disputes about this event are still ongoing and will continue for a long time, the official version will be reflected here.
A short excursion into the history of this event:
Battle of Kulikovo - most important event in the history of medieval Rus', which largely determined future fate Russian state. The Battle of the Kulikovo Field served as the beginning of the liberation of Rus' from the yoke of the Golden Horde.
In the second half of the 14th century, the collapse began Golden Horde, where one of the senior emirs, Mamai, became the de facto ruler. At the same time, the process of education was underway in Rus' centralized state by unifying Russian lands under the rule of the Moscow Principality.
The strengthening of the Moscow principality alarmed Mamai. In 1378, he sent an army to Rus' under the command of Murza Begich. The army of Prince Dmitry Ivanovich of Moscow met the Horde on the Vozha River and defeated them. Mamai, having learned about Begich’s defeat, began to prepare for a big campaign against Rus'. He entered into an alliance with the Grand Duke of Lithuania Jagiello and the Ryazan Prince Oleg. In the summer of 1380, Mamai began his campaign.
Prince of Moscow Dmitry Ivanovich, having learned at the end of July about the Mongol-Tatar movement, made an appeal for the gathering of Russian military forces in Moscow and Kolomna. Squads from 27 Russian cities and principalities gathered under the banners of the Grand Duke of Moscow Dmitry Ivanovich. The total number of troops exceeded 100 thousand people.
The plan of the campaign was to, without waiting for the connection between Mamai and his allies on the Oka, to cross the Oka and move towards the enemy to the upper reaches of the Don. The army march took place in August - early September.
On September 19 (September 6, old style) along the Old Dankovskaya Road, Russian regiments reached the Don River. At the military council, it was decided to cross the river and meet the enemy beyond the Don and Nepryadva. On the night of September 20 (7) to September 21 (8), troops crossed the Don and early morning On September 21, they began to deploy into a battle formation between the Rybiy Verkh gully and the Smolka River on a front of about 1 km facing southeast, towards the watershed from where Mamai’s forces were moving.
At the forefront of the Russian army were detachments of the Watch Regiment. In the front line was the Advanced Regiment. The main line of Russian combat formation had a three-part division. In the center was the Big Regiment, its flanks were covered by the regiments of the Right and Left Hands, whose edges rested on the forested spurs of the ravine and river. Behind the large regiment there was a reserve.
Anticipating the course of the battle, the Russian commanders placed the Ambush Regiment, consisting of selected cavalry squads, to the east of the Left Hand regiment in the large forest tract "Green Dubrava". Mamai also arranged his cavalry and mercenaries in a linear order.
The battle began with a duel between the Russian warrior monk Peresvet and the Mongol hero Chelubey. In this duel both warriors died. Then the Tatar cavalry, having crushed the leading regiment, began to press back the large regiment; Russian regiments suffered significant losses; Boyar Mikhail Brenok, who fought in a large regiment in the armor of the Grand Duke and under his banner, was killed. Grand Duke Dmitry, wearing the armor of an ordinary warrior, fought among the soldiers of the same regiment.
However, the Russians held out, and then, creating a numerical superiority, Mamai threw the last fresh forces into the Left Hand regiment. Having suffered significant losses, the Left Hand regiment began to retreat. The reserve put forward to help did not save the situation either. Rounding the flank of the Great Regiment, the Golden Horde cavalry began to go to the rear of the Moscow army. There was a real threat of encirclement and destruction of Russian forces. The climax of the battle has arrived. At that moment, the Ambush Regiment struck the back of the Horde who had broken through.
The sudden introduction of fresh Russian forces into the battle radically changed the situation. The entry into battle of the Ambush Regiment served as a signal for the general offensive of the Moscow army. The mass exodus of Mamai began. The pursuit was carried out by Russian cavalry until nightfall.
The victory was complete, the entire camp and convoy of the Horde were captured. However, the Russian army suffered during the battle big losses. It took seven days to collect and bury mass graves fallen warriors.
The Battle of Kulikovo had a great historical meaning in the struggle of the Russian and other peoples against Mongol-Tatar oppression. An important consequence of the Battle of Kulikovo was the strengthening of the role of Moscow in the formation of the Russian state.
On September 21, our country celebrates the Day of Military Glory of Russia - the Day of the victory of Russian regiments led by Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy over the Mongol-Tatar troops in the Battle of Kulikovo (1380). It was established Federal law No. 32-FZ of March 13, 1995 “On the days of military glory and memorable dates Russia."
The Tatar-Mongol yoke brought terrible disasters to Russian soil. But in the second half of the 14th century, the collapse of the Golden Horde began, where one of the senior emirs, Mamai, became the de facto ruler. At the same time, in Rus' there was a process of formation of a strong centralized state through the unification of Russian lands under the rule of the Moscow principality.
The strengthening of the Moscow principality alarmed Mamai. In 1378, he sent a strong army to Rus' under the command of Murza Begich. The army of Prince Dmitry Ivanovich of Moscow met the Horde on the Vozha River and completely defeated them.
Mamai, having learned about Begich’s defeat, began to prepare for a big campaign against Rus'. He entered into an alliance with the Grand Duke of Lithuania Jagiello and the Ryazan Prince Oleg. In the summer of 1380, Mamai began his campaign. (8) On September 16, 1380, a fierce battle broke out near the confluence of the Nepryadva River and the Don.
Personally, Dmitry Ivanovich fought in the front ranks of his troops. The enemy could not withstand the unexpected blow and began to retreat, and then fled. Mamai's army was completely defeated. Jagiello's troops, having learned about the Russian victory, quickly returned to Lithuania.
According to the chronicles, the Battle of Kulikovo Field took place on Christmas Day Holy Mother of God(September 8, old style). Prince Dmitry laid big hopes to the help of the Mother of God and offered her his prayers.
In the church of the Nativity Monastery in the city of Vladimir, where the body of Prince Alexander Nevsky rested, on the night of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary (from September 7 to 8, old style), ministers prayed, asking Alexander to help Dmitry. And then a miracle happened - candles were lit near the prince’s coffin, Prince Alexander rose above the coffin, looked at the monks and became invisible.
The Mother of God did not reject the prayers of Orthodox Christians and supported their spirit and strength in a difficult battle. Since those years, the Russian Orthodox Church has also celebrated the victory over Mamai on the day of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
The Battle of Kulikovo Field seriously undermined the military power of the Golden Horde and accelerated its subsequent collapse. She contributed further growth and the strengthening of Rus' as single state, raised the role of Moscow as a center for the unification of Russian lands.
In the mid-19th century, on the site that was considered the Kulikovo Field, a monument designed by the architect A.P. was erected and inaugurated. Bryullov. In 1996, by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, the State Military-Historical and Natural Museum-Reserve “Kulikovo Field” was created at the site of the battle. And today the international military history festival"Kulikovo Field".
Here it must be said that although the event itself took place in 1380 on September 8 according to the old style, that is, September 16 according to the new style, the official holiday - Military Glory Day - is celebrated on September 21. This is the cost of converting dates from the old style to the new one.
Since, when assigning the date, the rule was not taken into account: when translating dates from the 14th century, 8 days are added to the old style, but according to the rules of the Russian Orthodox Church, 13 days were added (according to church chronology, when translating dates from the old style to the new century, 13 days are always added, outside depending on the century when it happened).
Because of these inconsistencies in the calendars, it turns out that the correct calendar anniversary of the battle falls on September 16, while the state and Orthodox celebration remains on September 21.
September 21 is one of the days of military glory of Russia. Established in honor of the victory of the Russian regiments led by Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy over the Mongol-Tatar troops in the Battle of Kulikovo (1380) by the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On the days of military glory (victorious days) of Russia” dated May 13, 1995.
The battle of the Russian army led by the Grand Duke of Vladimir and Moscow Dmitry Ivanovich with the Mongol-Tatar troops, which took place on September 8, 1380 on the Kulikovo field (now Kurkinsky district Tula region) is one of the most major battles the Middle Ages, which was a turning point in the struggle of the Russian people against the Mongol-Tatar yoke.
In the summer of 1380, the Mongol-Tatar army, which also included detachments of Circassians, Ossetians, Armenians, some peoples of the Volga region, as well as mercenary detachments of Crimean Genoese (total number 100-150 thousand people), led by the de facto ruler of the Golden Horde, Temnik Mamai, moved to Rus' in order to break the growing power of the Russian principalities (especially Moscow) and their desire for independence. Mamai's allies were Grand Duke Lithuanian Jagiello and, according to some sources, Ryazan prince Oleg.
Having received news of Mamai's speech, Dmitry Ivanovich sent messengers to all Russian principalities with a call to put forth all possible forces to defend the Russian land. Detachments of Russian troops gathered on the roads to Moscow - in Kolomna and Serpukhov - in case Mamai tried to forestall their attack. The main core of the Russian army were Muscovites, as well as warriors from lands that recognized the power of the Moscow prince. Ukrainian and Belarusian detachments joined them. Warriors from the Novgorod, Tver, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan, and Smolensk lands did not take part in the campaign. The Moscow prince counted on active offensive actions, firstly, to prevent the enemy from uniting, and secondly, to defeat Mamai’s army before his invasion of the Russian principalities.
6 September Russian army(100-150 thousand people) reached the Don at the mouth of the Nepryadva River. On the same day, a military council was held, which, at the suggestion of Dmitry Ivanovich, decided to cross the Don to the Kulikovo Field. The crossing of the Don excluded the possibility of an attack by the Lithuanians approaching the city of Odoev, and provided favorable battle conditions for the Russians: the size of the Kulikovo field and the forest along the banks of the rivers that surrounded it limited the possibilities of outflanking maneuvers of the Mongol-Tatar cavalry.
On the morning of September 8, the Russians crossed the Don and, under the cover of a guard regiment, deployed into battle formation on the Kulikovo field, where Mamai’s army was already approaching. Dmitry Ivanovich created a deep battle formation: in the center there was a large regiment (the Grand Duke’s), to the right and left of it were regiments of the right and left hands, the flanks of which rested on terrain that was difficult for the Mongol-Tatar cavalry to operate. A guard and forward regiment were located ahead of the main forces. The guard regiment had the task of starting a battle, the advanced regiment had the task of taking the first blow of the enemy cavalry and disrupting its battle formations. Both regiments were supposed to weaken the force of the enemy attack on the main forces. Behind the large regiment there was a private reserve (cavalry). In addition, a strong ambush regiment was created from selected cavalry under the command of experienced military leaders - governor Dmitry Bobrok-Volynsky and Serpukhov prince Vladimir Andreevich. This regiment performed the task of a general reserve and was secretly located in the forest behind the left flank of the main forces.
In general, the battle formation of the Russian army ensured stability against frontal and flank attacks, made it possible to increase efforts from the depths and carry out interaction between its individual elements. The battle began at about 12 noon with a duel between the heroes Peresvet and Chelubey. Both of them died. Then the Mongol-Tatar cavalry, having knocked down the guard and defeated the advanced regiment, tried for three hours to break through the center and right wing of the Russian army. The Russian regiments suffered significant losses. Dmitry Ivanovich himself, who fought in the armor of an ordinary warrior, was also wounded. When Mamai suffered main blow against the left flank and began to press back the Russian regiments, a private reserve was brought into action. But the enemy managed to break through the Russian left wing and reach the rear of the main forces.
At this decisive moment of the battle, the ambush regiment of Governor Bobrok struck the flank and rear of the Mongol-Tatar cavalry that had broken through. The sudden and rapid attack of this regiment, supported by the attack of other regiments, decided the outcome of the battle in favor of the Russians. The enemy army wavered and fled. Russian soldiers captured the Khan's headquarters and for almost 50 kilometers (to the Beautiful Sword River) pursued and destroyed the remnants of Mamai's troops. Losses on both sides were enormous (about 200 thousand people killed and wounded).
The Battle of Kulikovo had enormous historical significance in the struggle of the Russian people for liberation from the Mongol-Tatar yoke. It showed the increased desire of the Russian lands for independence and raised the role of Moscow as the center of their unification. Although the victory in the Battle of Kulikovo had not yet led to the elimination of the Mongol-Tatar yoke, the Golden Horde was inflicted on the Kulikovo field crushing blow, which hastened its subsequent collapse.
In the Battle of Kulikovo it appeared high patriotism of the Russian people, the superiority of Russian military art over the art of the Mongol-Tatars. Relying on the moral superiority of Russian soldiers who rose to liberation war, Dmitry Ivanovich acted actively and decisively. The high military skill of the Russian commander is evidenced by well-established intelligence, which ensured the adoption the right decision; the ability to correctly assess terrain conditions, determine the enemy’s plan and take into account his tactics; rational construction order of battle Russian army and its close interaction components during the battle; finally, the art of using general and private reserves in a battle, and after its completion - organizing its pursuit. Important The success of the Battle of Kulikovo was due to the perseverance and dedication of Russian soldiers and the independent, proactive actions of military leaders in the battle.
The Tatar-Mongol yoke brought terrible disasters to Russian soil.
But in the second half of the 14th century. The collapse of the Golden Horde began, where one of the senior emirs, Mamai, became the de facto ruler.
At the same time, in Rus' there was a process of formation of a strong centralized state through the unification of Russian lands under the rule of the Moscow principality.
The strengthening of the Moscow principality alarmed Mamai. In 1378, he sent a strong army to Rus' under the command of Murza Begich.
The army of Prince Dmitry Ivanovich of Moscow met the Horde on the Vozha River and completely defeated them.
Mamai, having learned about Begich’s defeat, began to prepare for a big campaign against Rus'. He entered into an alliance with the Grand Duke of Lithuania Jagiello and the Ryazan Prince Oleg. In the summer of 1380 Mamai began his campaign.
Not far from the place where the Voronezh River flows into the Don, the Horde set up their camps, and, wandering, awaited news from Jagiello and Oleg.
Prince Dmitry decided to defeat the hordes of Mamai before Jagiello’s troops approached them, in order to prevent the enemy from invading the Russian land.
On the morning of September 8 (21), after the duel between the Russian warrior monk A. Peresvet and the Mongol hero Chelubey, who fell dead from their horses pierced by spears, a fierce battle broke out. Personally, Dmitry Ivanovich fought in the front ranks of his troops.
For three hours, Mamai's army (over 90 - 100 thousand people) unsuccessfully tried to break through the center and right wing of the Russian army (50 - 70 thousand people), which repelled the enemy's onslaught. Then he attacked the left flank with all his might and began to push back the Russian soldiers. Mamai brought his entire reserve into the planned breakthrough. And at that moment the Ambush Regiment struck the rear of the enemy’s cavalry that had broken through. The enemy could not withstand the unexpected blow and began to retreat, and then fled.
Russian squads pursued him for 30 - 40 km. Mamai's army was completely defeated. Jagiello's troops, having learned about the Russian victory, quickly returned to Lithuania.
The Battle of Kulikovo Field seriously undermined the military power of the Golden Horde and accelerated its subsequent collapse. It contributed to the further growth and strengthening of the Russian unified state and raised the role of Moscow as a center of unification.
Related videos
Battle of Kulikovo
Educational film library of the USSR
Battle of Kulikovo Field
“The Battle of the Kulikovo Field” - “Shkolfilm” 1982. (00:05:00 black and white). Editing director: S. Zagoskina.
The film is based on static documentary material, Russian chronicles. The form of presentation is a kind of story by a chronicler who appears on the screen several times. At the end of the film, the Kulikovo field is shown from a helicopter: general form and an image of the monument to Dmitry Donskoy.
The fragment is edited based on materials from the film: “On the Kulikovo Field” (TSSDF). Video: 49.5 MV, 1269 kbps. Audio: 101 kbps.
Icon of Dmitry Donskoy
The Grand Prince Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy was canonized as a Saint in 1988 - in honor of the thousand-year anniversary of the baptism of Rus' by his great ancestor, Saint Vladimir the Baptist. Saint Dmitry Donskoy entered the history of Russia as a successful successor to the unification of lands and principalities around the Moscow Principality. In addition, in the history of the Russian state, the memory of the Battle of Kulikovo will forever remain, where St. Dmitry Donskoy and his troops repulsed the troops of the Golden Horde, thereby marking the beginning of the liberation of Rus' from Tatar-Mongol yoke. On the icon of the Righteous Prince Dmitry Donskoy, the Saint is depicted in a rich princely attire, with a sword in one hand and the other hand humbly raised, frozen in the “palm of the righteous” gesture. This reveals the character of Saint Dmitry - he revered Christ and was a great warrior.
Dmitry's father was Ivan the Second Red Rurikovich, the great-grandson of the great warrior, wise diplomat and successful ruler - statesman Alexander Nevsky. Ivan the Red died when Dmitry Donskoy was nine years old. On little boy a huge responsibility fell upon him - he had to manage the Moscow principality, which was gaining strength and set itself the goal of crushing all other principalities. As shown historical chronicles, Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy and the decisions he made from the very first days of his accession to the princely throne were greatly influenced by the Holy Wonderworker of Kiev Metropolitan Alexy and the ambitious Moscow boyars. At this time, within the Golden Horde, to which the principalities of Rus' paid tribute, the so-called “great turmoil” began - an internecine struggle between the heirs and relatives for the Khanate, which began with the death of Berdibek, resulting in frequent shifts rulers. As a result of the failure of representatives of the deceased Ivan the Red to receive a label for reign in Sarai-Batu, the capital of the Golden Horde, Dmitry Konstantinovich received the Moscow reign, Suzdal prince. But the most influential Moscow boyars did not want to give up their dominant positions, and at the age of 11, Dmitry Donskoy went with them for a label to reign. At that moment Khan's power was divided between the Sarai khan Murad and the favorite of the formidable Mamai Abdullah. Taking advantage of the confusion in the division of powers between the two rulers, Dmitry Donskoy and the Muscovites were able to obtain a princely label for the young prince from the first of them, Khan Murad. So Dmitry Ivanovich became the Moscow prince. Two years after receiving the label Dmitry, his brother Ivan and them cousin Vladimir stood at the head of the army going to war against Vladimir, where Dmitry of Suzdal took the princely throne. Having assessed the strength and size of the Moscow army, the Suzdal prince ceded the throne, offering virtually no resistance. Mamai, not wanting to surrender the grand-princely throne to Dmitry Donskoy, who was not under his control, sent with the ambassadors another label to reign for the Suzdal prince Dmitry Konstantinovich. But he was able to hold out for only 12 days, a little less than two weeks. The Grand Duke's throne still remained with Saint Dmitry. This conflict between Mamai and Dmitry Donskoy subsequently turned into heavy bloody battles, increased civil strife and the devastation of many Russian lands. But for Rus', as a free united state, further history showed the need for Dmitry's accession to the Grand Duke's throne, even by intensifying hostility with the Golden Horde.
When Dmitry was fifteen years old, he married the daughter of his recent rival Dmitry Konstantinovich, Prince of Suzdal, who wanted to quench the conflict between Moscow and Suzdal. His wife, Evdokia Dmitrievna (known in Orthodoxy as the Venerable Saint Euphrosyne of Moscow), was only thirteen years old at the time of the wedding in the Kolomna Resurrection Church. Despite young age both, the marriage was happy and fruitful: Dmitry Ivanovich and Evdokia had 12 children. The godson of his two children was the Venerable Holy Ascetic Sergius of Radonezh, who was friends with the Kyiv Patriarch Alexy. Both Sergius and Alexy accompanied him throughout Dmitry Donskoy’s life, giving him invaluable advice and blessing him for fateful actions.
Dmitry Ivanovich, the prince of Moscow, Suzdal and Vladimir, spent all subsequent years in the affairs of the unity of Rus', subjugating during his reign the Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan, Tver, Galich, Kostroma, and Starodub princes. In addition, Saint Demetrius won several important skirmishes against Volga Bulgars, stopped the troops of the Tatar-Mongol Murza Begich at the Ryazan River Vozha and won the most important battle, forever entered into the history of Russia - the Battle of Kulikovo.
To the Battle of Kulikovo Mamai, shadow ruler Horde, prepared for two years. The previous campaign of his Murza Begich ended in the defeat of the Tatar-Mongols; a respite and replenishment of the army were necessary. The rest from conquest lasted two years, during which time Mamai, with the help of his ambassadors, gathered into his troops huge number mercenaries from the nomadic tribes of Asia. In addition, Mamai agreed with Lithuanian prince Vladislav Jagiello and Ryazan Prince Oleg about the meeting with their troops at south coast Oka, from where it was planned to attack the troops of St. Dmitry en masse.
Dmitry Ivanovich, notified by intelligence officers, gathered troops from all the principalities subordinate to him. Surprisingly, forgetting about internecine strife, all the princes, except Oleg Ryazansky, united around Dmitry. A plan was drawn up: only a small part of the army remained in Moscow, a reserve of the main troops. The remaining troops crossed the Oka, and bypassing the Ryazan lands from the west, moved towards the Don. Wanting to take the enemy by surprise, Dmitry Ivanovich and his comrades crossed the Don, reaching the other side of this great river. Before the departure, St. Dmitry and his army were blessed by St. Sergius of Radonezh, prophesying victory. Two monks, heroes, Alexander Peresvet and Andrei Oslyabya, also went with the army. Immediately before the battle, the warrior standing on patrol had a vision: the Holy Passion-Bearers Boris and Gleb, armed with swords and illuminating their path with lighted candles, attacked the Tatar-Mongol warriors, cutting them down every single one. At the same time, in Vladimir, the sexton of the church where the tomb of Alexander Nevsky was kept had a vision: two elders raised the great commander from the grave to help their descendant in the future bloody battle. Walking out into the courtyard, the figures disappeared into thin air.
On September 8, 1380, on the day of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, at the mouth of the Don and Nepryadva rivers, a Great Kulikovskaya battle. Surely each of you remembers Mikhail Avilov’s painting for this battle - “The Battle of Peresvet with Chelubey.” Peresvet won this single fight, knocking Chelubey out of the saddle. But in the end, both warriors died anyway, already during the main battle. The fate of two great warriors illustrated the outcome of the Battle of Kulikovo - Rus' won, but at a cost huge losses: out of 150,000 people, only 40,000 remained alive. Legends say that the Heavenly Forces helped the Russian army in this battle, the angels, led by the Archangel Michael, together with the princely heroes, struck down the enemies with fiery arrows and swords. Dmitry himself, dressed in the armor of a simple warrior, fought in the front ranks with the enemy. After the end of the battle, the noble prince was found stunned, lying under a tree. His armor was broken, but he himself was intact. On the occasion of the victory, Don Cossacks gave Dmitry an image of the Mother of God, later called the Don Icon Mother of God. From that day on, the Grand Duke himself began to be called Donskoy - in honor of the river, next to which he won such an important battle.
Mamai's exhausted troops returned home, but the place of ruler had already been taken by the descendant of the Genghisids, Tokhtamysh. Mamai had to hide with his Genoese allies in Eastern Crimea, where he died at the hands of a traitor. The new khan demanded that Dmitry Donskoy pay tribute, but the Grand Duke, inspired by the victory on the Kulikovo Field, refused. Tokhtamysh, having gathered troops. moved towards Moscow. Dmitry's army was greatly exhausted, so the council of princes decided to surrender the city. Tokhtamysh burned Moscow; its inhabitants, from among those who remained alive, were taken into slavery by his warriors. Having assessed the situation, Saint Dmitry sent a “repentant embassy” to Tokhtamysh, the result of which was the establishment of a new amount of tribute to the Golden Horde and the assignment of the hereditary Grand Duchy to the Moscow princes. Like Saint Alexander Nevsky, the great-great-grandfather of Dmitry Donskoy, the noble prince turned out to be a most skillful diplomat.
Unfortunately, the injuries received by the Grand Prince during the Battle of Kulikovo affected his health. He was ill for a long time, and in 1389 he died, transferring hereditary power to his son Vasily.
They pray to the icon of St. Dmitry Donskoy with a request to preserve unity, ward off threats from the family, protect them from attacks by enemies, and with a request to strengthen faith. Dmitry Donskoy, like his famous ancestor Alexander Nevsky, is the patron saint of people in military professions.
