New law“On Education” caused an unprecedented stir both among officials and among ordinary employees in the education sector. And now, the bill, on which the authors have been working for more than 4 years, has finally come into force. What new will it bring into the lives of students and teachers?
Highlights of the 2016 Education Law
The task of the Federal Law “On Education” is to regulate legal relations during the educational process. This document declares individual approach to the organization of the educational process of each student and contains many new products:- preschool institutions included in common system education. The training phase does not involve testing or examinations at the end. Preschool education is provided free of charge on a paid basis, however, parents will pay for babysitting services as before;
- municipalities are obliged to ensure accessibility of primary education. Thus, for each first-grader, a place is assigned to a school that is located in the area where the child lives. If there are not enough places, the school administration will inform parents about free places in other schools in the microdistrict;
- if necessary, the student can study according to an individual schedule;
- Unified State Exam results valid 4 years;
- mandatory testing for ninth graders. From 2016, they will take tests on forms similar to the Unified State Exam forms;
- It is now possible to enter a university only on the basis of the results of state exams. Minimum quantity Unified State Examination points for admission by applicants are established educational organization. This indicator should not be less than that provided by the federal authority;
- The higher education system now includes bachelor's, specialist and master's degrees.
Federal Law “On Education” 2016: teachers and students
Legislators also paid attention to teachers. Now they have the status of teaching staff. This gives them the opportunity not only to improve their professional level at least once every 3 years, but also to take advantage of the right to extended vacation. But experienced teachers are entitled to long leave for up to a year. They are granted this right once every ten years. In addition, teachers can count on early retirement pension, and persons living and teaching in rural areas, compensation for housing and communal services expenses is provided. Also in the content of the law one can find norms that establish the priority of inclusive education. That is, now children with disabilities will be able to acquire knowledge in regular educational institutions. The authors of this document also provided for the features of the educational process for gifted children.In July 2015, the President of Russia signed Federal Law on Education 273 as amended. The previous version was adopted on December 21, 2012.
This bill provides every citizen of Russia with the constitutionally guaranteed right to receive education in our country. Let's look at what changes were made to it.
Changes:
- The deadline for completing documentation for school institutions and universities until 2017. In particular, these structures have another year left to properly obtain their license and undergo accreditation.
- Also, the winners of the Olympiads can use their achievements for another 4 years when entering higher educational institutions in Russia.
- The educational system has also undergone changes. Thus, preschool institutions are now classified as level 1 of vocational training.
Types of education in the Russian Federation according to the new law
According to the new law (Article 10, 273 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation as amended in 2016), types of education in our country are divided into four levels of education:
- 1. Preschool
- 2. General initial
- 3. Basic general
- 4. Overall average.
steps professional acquisition knowledge is as follows:
- 1. Secondary vocational
- 2. Higher education – bachelor’s degree
- 3. Higher education – specialty, master’s degree
- 4. Training of the highest personnel qualifications.
Teacher's methodological day according to the new law 273
According to Article 46 Federal Law in the new edition, pedagogical activity persons who have undergone appropriate special training in educational institutions of higher and higher education have the right to engage in professional order. The teaching staff must regularly improve their qualifications.
A separate paragraph of Article 49 states that certification of education workers must be carried out no less than once every five years. In addition, there is the so-called intermediate certification, which is held almost every year.
The teacher is responsible for drawing up his own work plan for students. For this purpose, he is given a special methodological day, on which the teacher draws up lesson plans and adjusts his work.
Article 273 of the Federal Law on Education in the Russian Federation
Law 273 is an important document regulating public relations in the field of educational process. This current regulatory legal act is freely available on the official website of the Ministry of Education, the text is provided with all the latest additions. Also read it summary, features and basic provisions are available for free at online mode on the Wikipedia resource. Websites on the Internet provide an explanation of the concept of the Federal State Educational Standard - what it is, with answers and pictures. In particular, it says that fgos (or educational standard) is a set of requirements for training and the level of training of teaching staff. This document has been approved by the federal government of our state.
Academic calendar 2016
Calendar training schedule 2016 is being developed by the teaching staff based on Article 32 of the Law on Education in Russian Federation. He distinguishes two parts educational system, which briefly outlines the plan for the upcoming academic year. The act must also indicate the date on which it was adopted.
Requirements for the work program
Federal Law 273 On Education in the Russian Federation defines the requirements for work program, charter of educational institutions, responsibilities of teachers, parents and students.
According to the law, all children have the right to knowledge, the implementation of which is primarily entrusted to schools. The guarantor of this right is the Constitution of the Russian Federation. In the program to educational process amendments relating to persons with disabilities are also included.
The student must attend school and must not miss classes without a good reason. The student is also obliged to monitor his health, personal hygiene, compliance with discipline and rules of behavior in society.
Responsibilities of parents under the law
In December 2012, the Duma adopted a new federal law “On Education” No. 273-FZ; the entry into force of most of its provisions was September 2013, although the entry into force of some articles was postponed to January 2014. Also until January 2016 . time was allocated for educational institutions to make changes to their charters to transition to new standards.
This law is a comprehensive act that replaces a number of regulatory documents. He integrated in himself rad general provisions, standards governing relations in all subtypes of education. This document guarantees that preschool, school, additional education (in schools, secondary professional institutions) will be free and publicly available.
For the first time, schoolchildren had the opportunity to study on an individual schedule. This helps to combine school with sports and music schools.
For the first time, the law takes into account the interests of disabled children - individual provisions describe in detail how their learning process should proceed. In addition, the adopted document guarantees that these children receive quality, free education up to the highest professional level. The legislation also introduced inclusive education, that is, joint education of children with disabilities with those who do not.
The concept of “network interaction” was introduced - this is the cooperation of all institutions of sports, culture, additional training. The division of educational organizations into types, which always created unreasonable bureaucratic barriers, has been abolished; this will also simplify admission to a school or other institution.
School uniform must have business style, but what exactly it will be will be up to the schools themselves to decide.
Parental responsibilities and rights
This law gives parents a preferential right to educate minors and indicates that it is they who are obliged to invest in them the foundations of intellectual, physical, moral development. Parental responsibilities also include:
- 1. Ensure that minors receive general education.
- 2. Comply with the rules of all educational organizations where their children study.
- 3. Formalize relationships with training organizations, as well as their termination.
- 4. Respect the honor and dignity of employees of training organizations.
- 5. Bear responsibility for failure to comply with the provisions of this law.
Parents' rights:
- 1. Choose a training organization for children.
- 2. Give the child family knowledge.
- 3. Get acquainted with the charter of the training organization, its license for the right to study, form state accreditation, educational documentation, etc.
- 4. Get acquainted with teaching methods.
- 5. Protect the rights of children studying.
- 6. Receive (and in a timely manner) information about all examinations: psychological, others. Give permission to carry them out.
- 7. Take part in the management of the training organization, within the framework of the charter.
Preschool education
The current law has made preschool knowledge acquisition the first level of the system. At the same time, this preschool level does not provide a final test of knowledge. Benefits retained for low-income families, disabled children, orphans, tuberculosis patients.
Family education
Family education is a provision of this law that officially allows for a purposeful learning process outside a specialized institution, that is, in the family. The implementation of this opportunity will allow parents to educate minors in the family until they receive a general education. Periodic reporting to the school is required by law for this type of cultural education.
Paid services
This law regulates what educational material required for children to receive and how much teaching hours should be held on one topic or another. For additional hours in accordance with Article 23 of the Federal Law, funds from budgets will be allocated only by decision local government. If they do not allocate money, then the educational organization can provide paid services in such cases. This applies to groups extended day in any organization. If a school provides paid services, then the relevant information about this must be included in its charter.
In kindergartens (abbreviated as preschool educational institutions), education itself is free, but, as before, you will have to pay for childcare.
Education levels
This legal act provides for the following levels general receipt knowledge:
- preschool
- initial general
- basic general
- average overall
Levels vocational education:
- average professional
- Bachelor's degree (not graduated from university)
- specialty (graduated from university)
- master's degree (postgraduate)
- training of highly qualified personnel.
Changes in the law on education in the Russian Federation
Many changes have been made to the text, in addition to those indicated above, the following important points include:
- Received special status teachers - the duration of their vacations has increased, they will be able to retire earlier. And their salaries cannot be less than the average level in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. There are also other benefits for teachers and regular professional development.
- We haven't forgotten about higher education— the number of beneficiaries was increased. Every year, performance monitoring is carried out at any university.
- Unified State Examination results are valid for 5 years.
- Certification of ninth graders has become mandatory.
Knowledge is what helps a person build his life, so it is extremely important that the state encourages everyone who strives to obtain it. it is also extremely important that, according to latest changes, caught in new edition disabled children have the opportunity to gain knowledge on an equal basis with ordinary schoolchildren and students. This practice has long found positive responses in other countries.
Similar questions
3. Tuition fees are accepted both from the students themselves and from the organizations that sent them to study. At the same time, in all universities across the territory of our country, tuition payments can vary significantly depending on the following factors: Individual curriculum student. 1797; Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1996, No. 3, Art.
150; 2002, No. 7, Art. 631; No. 26, art.
Law on Second Higher Education
Clause 4 of Article 2 of the Federal Law of August 22, 1996 No. 125-FZ “On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1996, No. 35, Art.4135; 2004, No. 35, art. 3607; 2006, No. 1, art. 10; 2007, No. 49, art. 6069, 6070) add the following paragraph: “Citizens of the Russian Federation are guaranteed to receive, on a competitive basis, a second free higher professional education in state and municipal educational institutions higher professional education in the field of culture and art in the field of training (specialty) in the field of culture and art.
Second higher education is provided to citizens only on a paid basis, since mastering second higher education programs is not receiving education for the first time.
However, in accordance with paragraph 5 of Article 4 of the Federal Law of October 24, 2007 No. 232-FZ
“On amendments to certain legislative acts Russian Federation (in terms of establishing levels of higher professional education)"persons who have received state-issued documents on higher professional education, confirmed by the assignment of the qualification “certified specialist,” have the right to continue on a competitive basis their studies in a master’s program at the appropriate level of higher professional education, which is not considered as receiving a second professional education.
By analogy with a magistrate, only here, given the predominantly independent format of training, mastering a new specification is much more difficult. Delegation of the obligation to pay it to another participant in the legal relationship.
IN the latter case training may be covered by a state grant awarded for special merit.
Or the payment is made by the student’s employer, who has a financial interest in retraining valuable personnel.
Article 69
“Applicants for higher education and other persons present at certification, including during the defense of a dissertation, may freely make audio and/or video recordings of the certification process,” the law says.
Certification of persons receiving a Doctor of Philosophy degree is carried out by a permanent or one-time specialized academic council of the highest educational institution or scientific institution, accredited by the National Agency for Quality Assurance of Higher Education, based on public protection scientific achievements in the form of a dissertation.
5. Admission to training educational programs Higher education is carried out separately for bachelor's degree programs, specialty programs, master's programs, training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate (adjunct) studies, residency programs, as well as assistantship-internship programs on a competitive basis, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.
Free second higher education - benefits and opportunities for Russian students
Individual plan training.To obtain a second higher education, the student retakes some disciplines.
If the number of exams is high, then a fixed amount is paid, which is initially specified in the contract, regardless of the number of disciplines.
Also depending on the number of hours (how many hours the student studied, how much he paid). Such rules are also prescribed in the contract. received their first diploma from a military educational institution.
