According to the report announced at the Fifth international conference on HIV, held in March 2016 in Moscow, the following ranking of 10 countries was compiled by the number of people infected with AIDS. The incidence of AIDS in these countries is so high that it has the status of an epidemic.
AIDS– acquired immune deficiency syndrome due to HIV infection. It is the last stage of the disease of an HIV-infected person, accompanied by the development of infection, tumor manifestations, general weakness and ultimately leads to death. 
1.2 million patients out of 14 million population. Therefore, it is not surprising that the average life expectancy there is 38 years.
9th place. Russia
In 2016, the number of people infected with AIDS in Russia exceeded 1 million, according to Russian healthcare, 1.4 million according to the EECAAC-2016 report. Moreover, the number of infected people has been actively growing over the past few years. For example: every 50th resident of Yekaterinburg is HIV positive.
In Russia, more than half of the patients became infected through a needle when injecting a drug. This route of infection is not the main route of infection for any country in the world. Why are there such statistics in Russia? Many say this is due to the shift away from the use of oral methadone as an injectable drug replacement.
Many people mistakenly believe that the problem of infection of drug addicts is only their problem; it’s not so scary if the “scum of society” acquire diseases that lead to fatalities. A person who uses drugs is not a monster who can be easily identified in a crowd. He for a long time leads a completely normal life. Therefore, spouses and children of drug addicts are often infected. Cases cannot be excluded when infection occurs in clinics and beauty salons after poor disinfection of instruments.
Until society realizes real threat, until casual partners stop assessing the presence of STDs “by eye”, until the government changes its attitude towards drug addicts, we will rapidly rise in this ranking.
8th place. Kenya
6.7% of the population of this former English colony are carriers of HIV, namely 1.4 million people. Moreover, among women the infection rate is higher, since Kenya has a low social level female population. Perhaps the rather free morals of Kenyans also play a role - they approach sex easily.
7th place. Tanzania
Of the 49 million population of this African country, just over 5% (1.5 million) have AIDS. There are areas where the infection rate exceeds 10%: this is far from tourist routes Njobe and the capital of Tanzania - Dar es Salaam.
6th place. Uganda
The government of this country is making great efforts to combat the HIV problem. For example, if in 2011 there were 28 thousand children born with HIV, then in 2015 – 3.4 thousand. The number of new infections in adults also decreased by 50%. The 24-year-old king of Toro (one of the regions of Uganda) took control of the epidemic into his own hands and promised to stop the epidemic by 2030. There are one and a half million cases in this country.
5th place. Mozambique
More than 10% of the population (1.5 million people) are infected with HIV, and the country has no own strength to fight the disease. About 0.6 million children in this country are orphans due to the death of their parents from AIDS.
4th place. Zimbabwe
1.6 million infected per 13 million inhabitants. Widespread prostitution, lack of basic knowledge about contraception and general poverty led to these figures.
3rd place. India
Official figures are about 2 million patients, unofficial figures are much higher. Traditional Indian society is quite closed; many people keep silent about health problems. There is practically no educational work with young people; talking about condoms in schools is unethical. Hence, there is almost complete illiteracy in matters of contraception, which distinguishes this country from African countries, where getting condoms is not a problem. According to polls, 60% Indian women Never heard of AIDS.
2nd place. Nigeria
3.4 million HIV patients out of 146 million population, less than 5% of the population. The number of infected women is higher than that of men. Since the country does not have free medicine, the most terrible situation is in the poor segments of the population.
1 place. South Africa
The country with the most high incidence AIDS. Approximately 15% of the population is infected with the virus (6.3 million). About a quarter of high school girls already have HIV. Life expectancy is 45 years. Imagine a country where few people have grandparents. Scary? Although South Africa is recognized as the most economically developed country in Africa, most of population lives below the poverty line. The government is leading great job to curb the spread of AIDS, free condoms and testing are provided. However, poor people are convinced that AIDS is a white invention, just like condoms, and therefore both should be avoided.
Bordering South Africa, Swaziland is a country with a population of 1.2 million people, half of whom are HIV-positive. The average Swazilander does not live to be 37 years old.
Last week it became known that every 50th resident of Yekaterinburg is infected with HIV. Today the Ministry of Health officially announced that increased level The spread of the disease is observed in 10 regions, including Sverdlovsk region. Life found out which regions of the country are most likely to become infected with a deadly disease.
On November 2, the first deputy head of the Health Department of the Yekaterinburg city administration, Tatyana Savinova, announced a pandemic of the immunodeficiency virus in the Ural capital. According to her, the disease is firmly rooted in all segments of the city’s population and the spread of the disease no longer depends on risk groups. In total, 26,693 cases of HIV infection were registered in Yekaterinburg, but this includes only officially known cases, so the actual incidence is much higher.
Later, the city health department provided information about the epidemic, and made a refutation itself Savinova. According to her, on P At the press conference, journalists asked her a question about the situation in Yekaterinburg. And in response she simply " voiced the data broadcast in the media."
Of course, for us, doctors, this has been an HIV epidemic for a long time, since many people are sick in Yekaterinburg,” the official said. - This did not happen yesterday, and nothing was officially announced.
Today, the head of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Veronika Skvortsova, said that an increased level of spread of HIV has been recorded in 10 regions Russia.
In our country, 57% of all sources of HIV infection are through injection, usually from heroin addicts,” she added.
Meanwhile, according to experts, it is really high time to declare the epidemic officially, and on a nationwide scale.
The epidemic is spreading throughout the country, and only one administrator (the administration of one region) had the courage. - Approx. ed.) admit it. There is unevenness: the population of cities is more affected. And where urban population higher than in rural areas, where the percentage of those affected is higher. These are the Volga region, the Urals, Siberia. These are signs of a general epidemic that we have going on,” he told Life director of the Federal methodological center for Prevention and Control of AIDS, Deputy Director Central Institute epidemiology Vadim Pokrovsky.
To prove this, the head of the center cited numbers.
Currently, 1% of our population is infected with HIV, and in age group 30-40 years old - 2.5%. Every day we register a total of 270 new cases of HIV infection throughout the country, and 50-60 people die from AIDS every day. What else is needed to talk about an epidemic? - Pokrovsky wondered.
In Yekaterinburg, not even the most bad situation with HIV. Every 50th city resident (2% of the population) is infected there. But in Togliatti (Samara region), as r said Head of the Federal Scientific and Methodological Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS Vadim Pokrovsky,Already 3% of the population is HIV positive.
On the Life map you can find your region and see how many sick people there are among your fellow countrymen.
Proportion of HIV-infected people from total number residents of the region
As you can see, the epidemic has hit Russia unevenly. Half of all infected people live in 20 of 85 regions. The worst situation is in Irkutsk and Samara regions(1.8% of residents are infected with HIV). In third place is the Sverdlovsk region, the capital of which is Yekaterinburg (1.7% of residents are infected with HIV).
Slightly fewer infected in the Orenburg region (1.4%), Leningrad region(1.3%), Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug (1,3%).
But the statistics on mortality of HIV-infected people by region (data Federal Center AIDS dates back to 2014; there are no more recent statistics yet).
As of December 31, 2014 in Russia 148,713 HIV-positive adults and 683 children died. In 2014, 24.4 thousand HIV-positive people died.
Pokrovsky explained why HIV “chose” these particular regions:
These are regions where drug trafficking took place, for example, Orenburg region. As well as financially prosperous parts of the country, where it was easier to sell drugs (Irkutsk and Sverdlovsk regions).
The mayor of Yekaterinburg, Evgeny Roizman, also said that the majority of HIV-positive people became infected due to drugs.
“I started talking about this in 1999,” he noted. - Of those drug addicts who passed through my hands, the guys were heroin addicts, 40% of them were HIV-infected. The girls are heroin addicts, if they don’t have HIV infection, it was an event. Moreover, they were all, as a rule, also prostitutes. Then, when what was called the crocodile started, everyone was there with HIV infection. They could buy disposable syringes, but were collected from the same bowl. Now there is a sexual spread. Indeed, we are ahead of all of Russia. In the Sverdlovsk region the situation is worse than in Yekaterinburg. Ahead of all of Russia - this was due to drug addiction,” said Evgeniy Roizman.
Vadim Pokrovsky emphasized that among the main problems in this area is the shortage of medicines.
Now we need to treat a little more than 800 thousand HIV-infected people. 220 thousand have died, and, according to estimates, another 500 thousand have not yet been diagnosed,” Pokrovsky noted.
Previously Pokrovsky, which is bad with prevention.
There are no strategic programs to combat AIDS in the regions, says Vadim Pokrovsky. - As a result, they will print and hang several posters and leaflets. This is where prevention ends.
It turns out to be a vicious circle.
People don’t even suspect how difficult the situation with HIV is in Russia, notes Vadim Pokrovsky. - Information is the main method of combating the spread of the disease. In addition, this also saves costs, because what less people becomes infected, the less you will have to treat later.
In some countries, the HIV epidemic is most widespread. What kind of countries are these, and why is the epidemic spreading so rapidly there?
The number of patients with HIV infection is increasing every year. Many efforts are being made to cure HIV-positive people, but so far the virus continues to spread. However, the spread of HIV is not uniform. In some regions the fight against the spread of HIV is being successful, but in others it is the other way around.
Despite the fact that South Africa is a fairly developed country, about six million people infected with HIV live in it, which is almost 15% of the country’s total population! Most big risk HIV infection occurs among the poor, living in conditions of complete unsanitary conditions, having promiscuous sexual relations and using injecting drugs.
At least two million HIV-positive people live in Mozambique. It is very difficult to calculate the exact number due to the conditions that prevail in this country today. Many researchers estimate that there are more than five and a half million people living with HIV there.
There are a large number of people living with HIV in Kenya - more than one and a half million people. Most of them are women who are at risk of infection due to their position in society.
The United States of America is also one of the record countries for the number of HIV-positive people - one and a half million. Despite the fact that the level of medical development in the country is very high, the level of drug addiction is also high here, in addition, there is a fairly large percentage of HIV infections through unprotected sexual intercourse, both homo- and heterosexual.
Currently in Russia, unfortunately, the number of people infected with HIV is only increasing. At the end of December two thousand and fifteen, it became known that one million HIV-positive people were officially recorded in Russia. In addition, HIV in Russia is spreading very at a fast pace. But today in our country they use Newest technologies to counter the spread of HIV, this problem is increasingly being discussed not only at the highest level, but also in society. Increasingly, the attention of ordinary people is being drawn to this problem.
Also, a country with a large number people living with HIV is Ukraine. By two thousand and twelve, the spread of the disease had slowed due to the advent of programs to combat AIDS. Just two years later, in two thousand and fourteen, the epidemic expanded again due to the cancellation of most of the provisions of this program. About 90% of HIV-positive people in Eastern Europe and Central Asia live in Russia and Ukraine - countries with the largest number infected with HIV.
Nigeria, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe and other African countries are countries with very high numbers of HIV positive people. These countries are not very developed and quite poor. Insufficient funds are spent there on preventive measures and on medicine.
The risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus remains very high, especially in countries where people live a large number of HIV positive people. Each of these countries needs to combat the spread of HIV in a special way, taking into account the specifics of the region. Therefore, it is extremely important to analyze the situation at the highest level and act as quickly as possible.
According to UNAIDS, the UN organization against AIDS, we have prepared a list of countries where you should be especially careful not to become infected with the “plague of the 20th century.”
The topic of the article is not the most pleasant, but “forewarned is forearmed”, the problem exists and simply turning a blind eye to it is unforgivable carelessness. Travelers often take risks with their health, fortunately, with fewer consequences, but it’s still not worth putting yourself in danger.
Although the country is the most developed in African continent, the number of HIV-infected people here is a record – 5.6 million. This despite the fact that there are 34 million patients in the world, and the population of South Africa is about 53 million, that is, more than 15% are living with the virus.
What you need to know: the majority of HIV-positive people are blacks from disadvantaged suburbs. It is this group that is in the worst social conditions with all the ensuing consequences: drug addiction, promiscuous sex, unsanitary conditions. The most patients were recorded in the provinces of KwaZulu-Natal (capital - Durban), Mpumalanga (Nelspreid), Freestate (Blomfontien), North West (Mafikeng) and Gauteng (Johanesburg).
Nigeria
There are 3.3 million HIV-infected people here, although this is less than 5% of the population: Nigeria recently supplanted Russia, taking 7th place in the world - 173.5 million people. IN big cities the disease spreads due to antisocial behavior, and in rural areas due to constant labor migration and “free” morals and traditions.
What you need to know: Nigeria is not the most hospitable country and Nigerians themselves understand this very well. Therefore, the receiving party will certainly take care of safety and warn against dangerous contacts.
Kenya
The country accounts for 1.6 million infected people, slightly more than 6% of the population. At the same time, women are more likely to suffer from the disease - about 8% of Kenyans are infected. As in many African countries, the status of women, and therefore their level of security and education, is still very low.
What you need to know: safari in national park or a beach and hotel holiday in Mombasa are completely safe activities, unless, of course, you specifically look for illegal entertainment.
Tanzania
Quite a friendly country for tourists with a lot of interesting places, is also dangerous from the point of view of HIV infection, although not like many other countries in Africa. According to latest research, the HIV/AIDS incidence rate in Tanzania is 5.1%. There are fewer infected men, but the gap is not as large as, for example, in Kenya.
What you need to know: Tanzania, by African standards, is a fairly prosperous country, so if you follow the obvious rules, the threat of infection is minimal. The percentage of infected people is high, more than 10, in the Njobe region and the capital Dar es Salaam. Luckily, both of them are far from the tourist route, unlike Kilimanjaro or Zanzibar Island.
Mozambique
The country is deprived not only of attractions, but also of basic infrastructure from hospitals to roads and water supply. Moreover, many consequences civil war still not resolved. Certainly, African country in this state, she could not avoid the epidemic: according to various estimates, from 1.6 to 5.7 people were infected - conditions simply do not allow for an accurate study. Due to the widespread spread of the immunodeficiency virus, outbreaks of tuberculosis, malaria and cholera often break out.
What you need to know: the country is dysfunctional, an outsider even in its own region. The chance of getting infected here is higher than in others, so you need to be especially careful about precautions.
Uganda
A country with good potential for classic safari tourism, which it is actively developing in Lately. Plus, Uganda has been and remains one of the most progressive countries in terms of HIV prevention and diagnosis in Africa. The first specialized clinic was opened here, and there are disease testing centers throughout the country.
What you need to know: the risk groups are the same as everywhere else: drug addicts, former prisoners - it will not be difficult for a sane tourist not to cross paths with them.
Zambia and Zimbabwe
These countries are similar in many ways, even the main attraction is shared between them: Victoria Falls is located right on the border - tourists can come to it from both sides. In terms of living standards and AIDS incidence, the countries are also not far from each other - in Zambia there are almost a million infected, in Zimbabwe - 1.2. This is an average figure for Southern Africa - from 5% to 15% of the population.
What you need to know: There are problems with the provision of medicines; in addition, in rural areas, many self-medicate and practice useless rituals. Therefore, the disease, typical of cities, reached remote areas.
India
There are 2.4 million HIV-infected people here, although against the backdrop of a population of 1.2 billion this does not look so scary - less than 1%. The main risk group is sex industry workers. 55% of Indians living with HIV live in four southern states– Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. In Goa, the incidence rate is far from the highest for India - 0.6% of men and 0.4% of women.
What you need to know: Fortunately, HIV infection, unlike many other tropical diseases, depends indirectly on unsanitary conditions. Frank dirt and cramped conditions - normal condition for India. The main thing, as, by the way, in any country, is to try not to appear in in public places, if there are wounds and cuts on the body, do not wear open shoes in the city, and we’re not even talking about dubious entertainment.
Ukraine
Eastern Europe, unfortunately, has been last decades showed positive dynamics in the incidence of HIV/AIDS, and Ukraine consistently tops this sad list. Today in the country a little more than 1% of people are HIV-infected.
What you need to know: several years ago, unprotected sex became the method of spreading the disease, overtaking injections with dirty syringes. The Dnepropetrovsk, Donetsk, Odessa and Nikolaev regions are unfavorable. There, per 100 thousand inhabitants there are 600-700 infected. Near Kyiv, where tourists most often come, average level, and the lowest rate in the country is in Transcarpathia.
America ranks 9th in the world in the number of HIV carriers - 1.2 million people. This high rate in one of the most prosperous countries is due to high level drug addiction, unresolved social contradictions, active migration. And the riotous, dissolute 60s were not in vain for the health of the nation. Of course, the disease is concentrated on specific groups of people, who in the United States most often live, not so much separately from everyone else, but localized, in “bad” areas.
What you need to know: Here are ten cities where the percentage of HIV-positive patients is the highest (in descending order): Miami, Baton Rouge, Jacksonville, New York, Washington, Columbia, Memphis, Orlando, New Orleans, Baltimore.
HIV infection in the world is one of the most progressive sexually transmitted diseases. It is also worth noting that AIDS statistics in the world, as a rule, absolutely do not correspond to the true picture of the spread of the disease, since research methods are based only on patients who are served in medical institutions. At the same time, most carriers of the infection and patients do not even suspect they are infected due to reluctance or inability to see a doctor.
Another factor contributing to the concealment of true information about the spread of AIDS in the world is the fear politicians and doctors will be to blame for the inability to contain the avalanche of infection that is rapidly moving towards humanity.
State of the spread of HIV in the world
The number of HIV-infected people in the world is growing geometric progression. First of all, this is due to the fact that the problem of AIDS in the world does not lend itself to the basic rules of combating infectious diseases, which are based on the exclusion of one of the components of the epidemiological process:
- Source of the disease.
- Path of transmission.
- Receptive population.
In countries around the world, HIV has long become the number one problem. For every infection to spread, there needs to be a source, a transmission route that ensures the virus reaches a susceptible population. In the case of HIV, there is no way to act on any of the three components that contribute to the spread of the disease. A huge problem is that most people become infected from carriers of the virus who are in the so-called “serological window”, when a person is already infected, but tests are still negative. It has not been possible to exclude the last factor for many decades, since the invention of a vaccine against immunodeficiency has been postponed indefinite time due to insufficient knowledge, research and technical capabilities.
Taking into account the above, HIV statistics in the world will worsen every year, since many people on the planet underestimate the danger of the immunodeficiency virus. The current HIV epidemic situation in the world can only be influenced by the awareness of the population and support for the fight against AIDS at the state level.
Prevalence of HIV infection (AIDS) in the world
Only by the end of the eighties, the statistics of HIV-infected people in the world reached levels that shocked global community. In 142 countries, the World Health Organization has identified more than 120 thousand people with AIDS and more than 100 thousand infected with the retrovirus. The real prevalence of HIV in the world is much higher than these data, since there is always a percentage of the population that is not registered in medical institutions and therefore cannot be taken into account in statistical indicators. There are also carriers who are not even aware of their infection. The AIDS epidemic in the world mainly affects people of reproductive age. This leads to a significant loss of the working population, a decrease in the birth rate of healthy children and, accordingly, a decrease in the health indicators of all layers of humanity.
How many HIV-infected people are there in the world?
The question that interests many is how many people have AIDS in the world today? The first place in the world for HIV is occupied by the countries of southern Africa, India, Russia, the USA and Latin America. In these states, infected people make up approximately 15% of the total population. Every year the number of HIV-infected people in countries around the world increases by 5-10 million. Thus, at the beginning of the 21st century, the number of AIDS patients in the world amounted to more than 60 million. The countries of southern Africa occupy the first place in terms of AIDS in the world community. Due to the unstable economic situation, the possibility of treating and identifying HIV-infected people is very difficult. This leads to the rapid and rapid spread of immunodeficiency among people. The disease progresses very quickly to stage 4 - AIDS.
Epidemiological situation of HIV infection in the world
Countries in which the incidence of immunodeficiency is rapidly increasing:
- Brazil.
- countries of Central Africa.
- Haiti.
- Indonesia.
- Bangladesh.
- Pakistan.
- Mexico.
- Great Britain.
- Türkiye.
How AIDS spreads around the world depends in some way on economic situation in the state and on its policy towards HIV-infected people. There are such features:
- The countries of the European Union, the USA, Australia and New Zealand are characterized by high early detection of the disease among the population. This is due to the mandatory health insurance and relatively frequent, high-quality medical examinations. Based on the results of the study, we can conclude that 80% of those infected were identified among homosexual men and drug addicts who use intravenous drugs. IN childhood morbidity is practically not recorded. This is due to timely and high-quality treatment of infected pregnant women, which prevents the vertical transmission of immunodeficiency (from a sick mother to a healthy fetus through the placenta, blood, breast milk). Cases of non-sexual transmission are practically never recorded in these countries.
- For the countries of Africa and the adjacent warm islands, as well as the countries of the Caribbean, Indonesia, the rate of early detection of AIDS is very low. In these countries, the majority of patients are heterosexual. Their age is 18-38 years. Most of these people became infected through sexual contact with prostitutes. Studies show that more than 90% of them are infected with a retrovirus. In African countries, HIV transmission is often associated with sexual contact with an infected woman. More often, such intercourse additionally leads to diseases that are sexually transmitted. And genital ulcers that develop due to these pathologies lead to a higher likelihood of pathogen transmission. In such states, transfusion of blood and its products from an infected donor to a healthy recipient is not uncommon.
- Countries where HIV was introduced relatively recently. These include Asia and Eastern Europe. Retrovirus infection here occurs primarily through sexual contact. Most high risk infections in people who have many sexual partners do not neglect unprotected relationships with prostitutes.
HIV in Russia
The first place in HIV in the Russian Federation is occupied by Ural Federal District. It registers about 800 patients per 100 thousand population, which is very high rate. Over the past 15 years in Russia, cases of detection of immunodeficiency in pregnant women have increased by 15%. At the same time, such women are registered at a later stage, which leads to intrauterine infection of the fetus due to the lack of necessary treatment on early stages embryo formation. Also, the Siberian Federal District claims first place in AIDS in Russia, where about 600 infected people per 100 thousand people are registered, most of them have the last stage of development of the disease, that is, AIDS.
Medical news in the world of HIV
Nowadays, the task of creating a vaccine against a retrovirus is in the first place for scientists. Currently underway great amount research work in the field of molecular microbiology, which undoubtedly brings humanity closer to the creation of a vaccine against AIDS. Despite this, there are a number of factors that prevent the possibility of obtaining such a drug:
- High ability of the virus to mutate.
- Variety of HIV strains (per this moment 2 types are known).
- The need to combat not only the retrovirus, but also infected cells of the body, as well as AIDS-associated infections.
Due to the fact that the spread of HIV in the world is growing every year, many patients simply do not have time to wait for a vaccine. Therefore, the main way to combat this disease should be aimed at preventive measures. All HIV-infected people in the world receive free treatment, which provides them with maximum comfortable life. With adequate and competent therapy, patients can live a full and long life. HIV treatment around the world is carried out in regional AIDS centers according to uniform standards and provides individual approach for any patient, selection of a regimen depending on the stage of pathology progression. The main principle of providing medical care is maximum confidentiality.
AIDS is constantly spreading among the world's population, but it is not yet possible to cure it completely. Therefore, it is worth directing maximum efforts to prevent such a dangerous pathology.
