Today at 14:00 the capital will once again write a total dictation. Participants will gather at more than 350 sites to test their literacy. the site talks about the largest educational campaign in the country and remembers who the “Eilens” are, why “gods for a while” and how “sorrow and amber” were made from sports equipment.

On April 8, a Russian language marathon is taking place all over the world: total dictation is being written in more than 800 cities in 68 countries. Last year, 148 thousand people took part. Among them were 14.5 thousand Muscovites, and this year the organizers are expecting about 30 thousand people.

From a small promotion Novosibirsk University“Total Dictation” has become the world’s largest project to popularize the Russian language. He visited Antarctic stations, on board the Novosibirsk-Moscow plane, on the sailboats "Kruzenshtern" and "Pallada", in the Kungur cave, under water and on the International space station. And this year the action captured not only schools, universities and libraries, but also airports, trains, stations, hydroelectric power stations and even a tourist tent, tent and ice cave.

In Moscow they will start writing a dictation at 14:00. This can be done in universities, galleries, museums, cultural centers, theaters, colleges and schools. Among the unusual sites are the Moscow City Duma, a temple and a blood transfusion station. Another option is to write a dictation online.

“City and River” - total dictation by Leonid Yuzefovich

At first, materials for dictation were taken from classical works, and since 2010 they have been written specifically. IN different years the texts were prepared by Boris Strugatsky, Dmitry Bykov, Zakhar Prilepin, Dina Rubina, Alexey Ivanov, Evgeny Vodolazkin and Andrey Usachev.

This time the author was a writer, screenwriter, candidate historical sciences Leonid Yuzefovich. He called his dictation “City and River.” “These are small essays about three cities with which my life is connected, and about the rivers on which these cities stand. This is my hometown Perm in the Urals, this is the city where I spent my youth and where I was once an officer - Ulan-Ude and Selenga in Transbaikalia. And the third city is the city where I live now. These are St. Petersburg and the Neva,” said the writer.

Leonid Yuzefovich did not want to write journalism. His texts turned out to be very personal, dictated not by thought, but by feeling. And they were easy to write. The most difficult thing for the writer was to keep it to about 250 words.

Star "dictators"

Total dictation read famous artists, journalists, political and public figures. They are called "dictators". Among them over the years were commentator Vasily Utkin, journalist Vladimir Pozner, TV presenter Yana Churikova, announcer Igor Kirillov, former State Duma speaker Sergei Naryshkin, singer Dima Bilan, actors Konstantin Khabensky, Sergei Bezrukov and Leonid Yarmolnik. The latter read the text in 2016 at the largest venue - in the Tallinn ice hall "Tondiraba", which attracted 2.3 thousand people. This year the artist will go to Strasbourg.

And for Muscovites, actress Svetlana Kryuchkova, director Mark Rozovsky, presenter Maxim Galkin, sports commentator Georgy Cherdantsev, saxophonist Igor Butman, stylist Vlad Lisovets, linguist Maxim Krongauz, the Underwood group, rap artist Noize MC and other star “dictators” are waiting for Muscovites.

The homeland of the project, Novosibirsk, has prepared a surprise for the participants. This year at one of the sites a robot will become a dictator. After the event, he will take a photo with the participants, although he will not be able to give an autograph - he has no hands.

Easy or difficult: the mystery of total dictation

Texts for total dictation are more difficult than school texts: unlike educational texts, they are not adapted. But the very question of the difficulty of dictations is a mystery of riddles for linguists. Last year I wrote the text children's writer Andrey Usachev. “We thought it would be easy and relaxed. It seems like a simple syntax. No, some places turned out to be difficult for our participants,” said Maria Rovinskaya, organizer of the action in Moscow. Leonid Yarmolnik, who read this dictation in Tallinn last year, found it difficult and suggested that he would receive a stake for the work.

But it happens the other way around: linguists find the text difficult, but writers find it easier. For the organizers, each dictation evokes courage. What errors will there be? How will participants solve punctuation problems in cases that are not described in reference books at all?

Score in favor of the writer, or Let's not put the comma in an awkward position

Participants often complain that it is difficult to guess how exactly the writer placed punctuation marks. What if the rating is lowered? Maria Rovinskaya reassured the writers: “We consider as a legitimate, permitted option for the placement of punctuation marks any option that is not directly prohibited by codifying sources.” For example, in the text by Evgeny Vodolazkin (2015) there was a sentence in which correct options There were 56 punctuation marks. And all of them were taken into account as correct.

What is declared as an error is an absolute error

Of course, there is a standard author’s text, but there are still a hundred options for how it can look correct in other punctuation. “Our task is not to punish or laugh by saying: “Look how you write incorrectly.” Our task is to show people that learning the Russian language at school does not end. The situation with the Russian language is unique in this sense. There is no other subject in which an “A” in school gives you the illusion that you know everything,” explained Maria Rovinskaya.

What the reviewer reports as an error is an absolute error. But many things are not taken into account at all when grading. These are, for example, signs at the end of a sentence (including at the end of the heading), quoted unfamiliar words, in some cases - capital letters. Two or three difficult words are put on the slide in front of the writers and mistakes in them are not counted.

Eilens, allavr, sorrow and amber: ridiculous dictation mistakes

Classically complex spellings - writing particles Not with different parts of speech, n And nn, consoles pre- And at-. But there are also funny mistakes. In the 2016 dictation, ancient Hellenes turned into “Eilenes”, “Elens” and “Elvins” (probably, among the participants there were fans of the cartoon “Alvin and the Chipmunks”, linguists believe), sports equipment - into “sorrow and amber”.

The winners were awarded an “allavr,” which was “valued as a canopy of gold.”

One of the participants thought that the conversation would be about the Roman Cratius dynasty, and on the spot “Briefly about the history Olympic Games" he wrote "Cracia in the history of the Olympic Games." In another, the Hellenes advocated that the games should be held not annually, but “for animals,” in a third, the gods watched the competitions “not from the skies,” but “from the Celestial Empire.” There were also those whose winners were awarded an “allavr,” which was “valued as a canopy of gold.”

The meme of the Moscow inspection was the phrase about Igor. One of the participants approached the matter philosophically, and instead of “gods and those for the time of games” it turned out “Gods and those for a while, Igor.” Indeed, everything is transitory in this world.

How do you choose an author?

“We have the happiness of choosing the author whom we want to see first of all. Last year, I think many people know, there was a children's writer Andrei Usachev. Circumstances so happened that I became a mother last year, Natalya Borisovna (Professor, Head of the Department of General and Russian Linguistics at Novosibirsk state university Natalya Koshkareva. — Approx.mos. ru) I became a grandmother, and this is the children’s theme we played,” said Olga Rebkovets, project manager.

Task " Total dictation"as a project to popularize the Russian language - this is an expansion of the literary horizons of the participants

It turns out, on the one hand, this is a subjective question. The organizers invite whoever they like. The author must not only have the desire to write a text, but also the opportunity to give interviews, attend press conferences, and read the text in Novosibirsk. Olga Rebkovets added: “On the other hand, we understand that the task of “Total Dictation” as, perhaps, the most global and mass project to popularize and promote the Russian language is to expand the literary horizons of our participants, to introduce them to truly good modern Russian literature.”

There are few requirements for the author: the text must be uniform in content, but easily divided into three parts (for different time zones). Each one contains about 250-300 words. “There is nothing special, a person decides everything himself, fantasizes how he would like the dictation to be,” explained Maria Rovinskaya. Authors are not given topics, which is why the texts turn out so different.

Why is total dictation needed: the view of the author, “dictator” and organizer

Why do people participate in total dictation? There is no correct answer to this question. Most likely, this is a challenge to yourself. Leonid Yarmolnik believes that those who come check whether they can write in Russian, and those who dictate check whether they can read Russian. “Perhaps this is one of the largest unifying events taking place in the country. There is a competitive element in it, which is very important for any proud person: he wants to prove to himself and to those around him that he graduated from school,” said the actor.

And there is also a nice bonus - this year every excellent student will receive a dictionary as a gift. Gifts await those who support the rally in Moscow charitable foundation helping children with organic lesions central nervous system.

There are company participants who come to write dictations in entire teams - this is how the action becomes part of corporate culture. “This once again confirms our belief that literacy is a very important, very significant competence of any employee today,” explained Olga Rebkovets. She is sure that this is not a test, not difficult test, but a holiday of the Russian language.

The thought that the text I wrote will be written by 200 thousand people takes your breath away

What is total dictation for an author? Leonid Yuzefovich, laureate of the “ Big Book" and "National bestseller", considers participation in the project an honor. “In general, the very thought that the text that I composed will be written by 200 thousand people somehow, you know, takes your breath away. And it is very important for me that wonderful writers, whom I love very much, participated in this project. These are Zakhar Prilepin, Alexey Ivanov and Evgeny Vodolazkin. It’s a great honor for me to be on a par with them,” the author noted.

For linguists, dictation gives a lot of food for thought, for scientific research different types. For example, they compare what mistakes are made in Russia and abroad, what words are unfamiliar to the writers, what code words the participants write on forms. If everyone does the same thing punctuation error- this is a reason for specialists to think about whether it’s time to change the rule. “No one has ever had such a sample. We get it in one day,” added Maria Rovinskaya.

Language is a reflection of personality. Including written language when the person behind the letters is not visible, and we perceive him through signs. An illiterate interlocutor also loses his authority as an expert in some other field - it is no coincidence that many online discussions go through the linguistic stage of “learn to write first.” We present ourselves to the world through letters, so let's do it competently.

Kira Stebunova coordinates the work of the action headquarters in Belgorod. Candidate philological sciences, associate professor, teacher at BelSU. I wrote the dictation myself five times. And he will write the sixth.

Natalia Shubina is responsible for the Stary Oskol site of the Total Dictation. Combines this community service with the position of head of the Department of Philology of the Stary Oskol branch of BelSU.

Alena Medvedeva for the second year in a row will check the work of Belgorod “totalers”. This year he graduates from the Faculty of History and Philology of BelSU. Works as a teacher of Russian language and literature in Razumenskaya high school № 3.

Who reads

Kira: To read the text, we invite philologists - masters of their craft: specialists in speech culture, public speaking trainers, creative, writing people. For example, our permanent “dictator” is Lesya Shkreba, a well-known teacher in Belgorod oratory. At the Institute of Arts and Culture dictates Marina Anatolyevna Kulabukhova- Head of Department humanities. She dubs films created at the university.

How to check

Alyona: All works written in Belgorod are checked at BelSU at Studencheskaya. Each inspector has a dictation text, which indicates all the difficulties of writing and possible placement of variable punctuation marks, which we have to focus on. The checked works are added separately depending on the assessment. A grade papers are checked again. Last year there was a lot of work, so we checked from 16:00 to midnight.

Natalia: The checking of works in the Stary Oskol branch begins immediately after the end of the dictation: philologists (three or four teachers) and student volunteers (from 20 to 50 people) work. The last to be trusted or initial check, if these are 1st-2nd year students, or basic, if these are senior students who have practical testing skills written works. But the control check, the final one, is carried out by a philologist teacher. Controversial works are reviewed by all teachers. The number of works in the audit varies. For example, last year in Stary Oskol, 169 people wrote dictation. Personally, I checked about 50 works, the rest I read as the final controller - the chairman of the commission.

Kira: This year, participants of the action will be able to find out their assessment no earlier than April 18. It won’t be faster because the moderation of the results is serious: each work is reviewed by at least two inspectors, and in the case of a borderline assessment, also by the chief philologist. The more inspectors, the better: the eyes are not blurred. Of course, you want to check everything in one day: while everyone is together, you can consult in controversial situations, for example, if the handwriting is illegible.

Photo by Vladimir Babich

Where people make mistakes most often

Kira: Usually they make mistakes in writing dictionaries, books and outdated words, which are not included in active dictionary most people. Traditionally, problems arise with H and NN in different parts speech, with continuous or separately written NOT, with punctuation marks in complicated and complex sentences. Combinations of punctuation marks, such as commas and dashes, are difficult.

Alyona: Without preparation, writing any dictation will cause certain difficulties. The mistakes were different. People most often stumbled over punctuation marks. However, the difficulties of writing were specified during the dictation itself: all Difficult words and the writings were displayed on the presentation slide.

Natalia: The texts differ from year to year: both in complexity and in impressions. There are no identical mistakes; there are spellings and punctograms that are equally misunderstood by the writers: people do not see the logic in these spellings. We have an idea to make a general analysis of the works. This promising topic for student scientific and methodological observations.

Can I write it off?

Kira: This is out of the question. Surely no one will receive the text from my hands. And why? I won’t watch it myself, because I’ll also write it. I'm still interested in this. In general, the text of the dictation comes from the main headquarters in the morning of the day on which it will be dictated. In a password-protected archive. It is well marked for the reader - there is no need for much preparation to reproduce it.

What's the result?

Natalia: Verified works are returned to the authors upon presentation of certificates. All of them are kept at the Department of Philology. But not everyone wants to pick them up after they find their results on the site. Last year we had a case where, at a consultation, a person received two jobs and two certificates of participation - for 2016 and 2017. And one of the excellent students has not yet received his prizes and certificate. And we cannot contact him, since the dictation is written anonymously and we do not know his personal data.

Kira: Dictation statistics are sent to Main Headquarters. We talk about her at last meeting with the participants of the action when we sort out mistakes. But the point is not in statistics or assessment: the main thing is that people came to compete with themselves, with each other. Understand something for yourself, draw conclusions and just have a good time. The assessment in the Total Dictation is not equal to our self-esteem or the assessment of us by those around us - it is an impulse for self-improvement.

Tamara Akinshina

On April 18, 2015, I found myself on a bench among an impressive crowd, with a blank form in my hands and a slight excitement in my soul. On this day, the Total Dictation was written in 500 cities of Russia and the world.

The organizers of the event did everything to ensure that those wishing to test their own literacy did not have unpleasant associations with strict school rules. The atmosphere in the auditorium of the ZIL plant was most favorable. Before the start of the dictation, we were shown a funny video from “Hobosti” about FSB agents and the total illiteracy of the population.

“More than a million soft characters a year suffer from misspellings of the word “like.” More than three hundred thousand “O”s are captured by the non-existent word “cute”. Almost two hundred thousand Russian citizens are looking for last-minute tours to “Thailand”, not suspecting that there is no such country at all…” the announcers lamented.

We filled out the forms together, signed some with names, some with pseudonyms, and came up with a code word so that we could then independently check ourselves on the site. “You can cross out the rating box,” the announcer said. “Then you will only know the number of errors, and no mark will be given.” And then a message appeared at the bottom of the screen: “We strongly do not recommend crossing out the rating field. Only do this if you are very scared."

Then we repeated one of the rules of grammar and became familiar with the spelling and meaning of some words: “fire chief”, “imperial”, “ruler” (meaning “crew”). And finally, we listened to the text of the dictation itself, performed by its author, the laureate “ Big book» Evgenia Vodolazkina. The hall fell silent and concentrated; Out of the corner of my eye, I noticed that some of my neighbors were fussily buzzing with their smartphones.

And then our dictator appears on the scene. This is exactly (believe it or not) the name of a person who reads a dictation. In our case, this is Mikhail Kozyrev.

“Hello everyone,” Kozyrev says from the stage. - I am the person who will read you the text of the Total Dictation today. And I’m also the only person in this audience who has a total cold.

And, sneezing in confirmation own words, our dictator begins dictation. We quickly stop laughing, but then we start again, and with redoubled force - now as a defensive reaction.

“...And now, along the seething Nevsky, in the resulting emptiness, a chariot is rushing, carrying firefighters: they are sitting on a long bench, with their backs to each other, in copper helmets, and the banner of the fire department flutters above them; there is a fire chief at the banner, he is ringing the bell.”

What have I done with my life, I think in between placing endless punctuation marks. Seven years of philology, Rosenthal, Krongauz, Nabokov, finally - you were there, you were definitely always somewhere nearby! Where are you, my so-called innate literacy? I used to be able to write two versions of a word or construction on a draft, and then just see which of the two was correct. So where is all this, where did it go, when did it do this, can it be returned? And how, by the way, do you spell “half-turn”?

“I’m crying, and my mother tells me not to be afraid...”

“I’m crying,” Kozyrev repeats and pauses. Hall, tearing nervous tension, everyone roars with laughter. And, of course, she cries too.

There’s probably no need to explain what Total Dictation is. Over the 11 years of its existence, the event has grown to enormous proportions, turning from local entertainment for Novosibirsk humanities students into a national show.

The growth dynamics are explosive: 2009 - 600 people, 2014 - 64,000. Awards, recognition. Superstars are invited to read the dictation - from professors to rappers; this year in St. Petersburg, among others, the text was voiced by a robot. And the authors of the texts themselves! Not names - music: Strugatsky, Bykov, Prilepin, Rubina, Ivanov; in 2015 - laureate of the “Big Book” Evgeniy Vodolazkin.

But the best thing is no big names, and the principles of the action. Total dictation: a) free, b) voluntary, c) available to everyone (“no one can be denied participation in the Total dictation because of his age, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, nationality or level of Russian language proficiency,” unless the organizers forgot to mention religious affiliation on the website). And most importantly, there are no bonuses for writing a dictation. All that participants can get is moral satisfaction, pleasure in the process and assessment of their own literacy. The more surprising is the number of people who want to test themselves.

Today is April 20th, estimates will only be available the day after tomorrow. While I don’t yet know my score and don’t have to be afraid of accusations of bias, I’ll express seditious thought: Of course, calling Total Dictation a real test of literacy is incorrect. This is by no means a universal test - even the universally hated Unified State Exam allows you to get much more objective results. The text of the dictation is deliberately tricky: Vodolazkin himself even said in an interview that the original version seemed too simple to the organizers. And in ordinary life even the lucky owners of “2s” may well turn out to be exceptionally literate people.

But the point is that it doesn't matter at all.

We are not going to the Total Dictation for the sake of a real assessment of literacy. We go there because passing tests is always interesting. Because it is available to everyone cultural event- is not such a common phenomenon in our country, and it is simply wrong to miss it.

Because in this audience everyone is equal - there is no division either by political principle, or by level of education, or by the notorious sexual orientation. Blissful communism in a single space - where else will you see this?

And maybe we are also going there because we all managed to miss our school days a little.

Apr 20, 2015 Ekaterina Kachalina

How to conduct a dictation in primary school

Firstly, it should be noted that for each class there is a defined minimum required and the maximum words that should be present in the text. All standards are similarly described in the requirements State standard for each year of study.

Secondly, the dictation text is selected taking into account the studied spelling patterns and rules. It is advisable to distribute all spellings evenly throughout the text, since students most often make mistakes at the beginning of the dictation and at the end. There should be no more than three words with unstudied spellings in the text!

Operating procedure :

1. Statement of the purpose of the dictation. Here it is necessary to focus students’ attention on the spelling patterns that will be used in the dictation.

2. Reading of the entire text by the teacher.

3. Explanation of unfamiliar words (if any are encountered).

4. Writing words with unstudied spellings on the board.

5. Reading text while writing. The teacher reads each sentence twice: the first time - to understand the meaning of the sentence, the second time - for recording. You should not be allowed to write while the reading of the sentence has not yet been completed.

6. At the end, the teacher reads the entire text again, but this time the pauses between sentences need to be increased so that students have time to check the spelling of all words or fill in the missing ones.

If a sentence is too long and difficult to hear, it should be read in parts. All unstudied punctograms are pronounced by the teacher.

You need to read the text loudly, pronouncing each word clearly. But! "Hints" are not allowed: for example, you cannot read "someone or milk." You need to read, observing the rules of pronunciation, but without deliberately distorting the phonetic sound of words.

To find out how much time is enough to write one sentence, you can select one student from the class with average performance and use it as a guide.

Types of monitoring learning outcomes in the Russian language

Traditionally, written control and testing work in the Russian language are the following types of work:

. by spelling:

- control dictation;

- copying from the board (from a textbook) and restoring words given with missing letters or syllables, sentences without punctuation, sentences with words given in the initial form;

- drawing up proposals on a given topic;

- presentation narrative text, writing a short story;

. vocabulary dictation and others.

. on grammar:

- written grammar analysis;

- parsing part of a sentence or part of a word according to the scheme;

- underlining vowels and consonants, members of a sentence with conventional dashes or lines;

- indication of parts of speech;

Showing on a diagram the connections between words in a sentence;

- placement of accent marks and others.

In elementary school, grammar tests and spelling tests are usually combined. Students write a dictation and then perform various tasks(grammatical, word-formative, lexical, spelling).

Conditions for successful inspection work.

1 . Tests in the Russian language must be carried out some time after completing the study of any topic. Students should develop certain spelling skills, as a last resort test It is advisable to reschedule for a later time.

2. The test should include not only spelling cases that were studied in recently taught lessons, but And previously studied.

3. The intensity of the dictation should be average; You should give 2-6 words for a newly learned rule and, if possible, at least 2 for previously learned rules.

4. Questions and tasks should be formulated in such a way that the answers to them reveal the degree of understanding and assimilation of what has been learned.

5. Knowledge of the methodology for conducting control work.

The author's or specially composed coherent texts of a descriptive nature are used as dictation. In terms of topics and vocabulary used, they should be close and understandable to students junior classes. Sentences must consist of 2-8 words including homogeneous members sentences, be simple in structure, different in purpose of the statement. The text uses words not only related to the subject being studied given time spelling, but also previously studied material.

Summary: Alice’s “Total Dictation” skill is part of a campaign to test the literacy of the population, which originated at Novosibirsk University 15 years ago. Alice reads the text, which you must write down under dictation online on the total dictation website or the old-fashioned way using pen and paper.

How to launch Alice Yandex's "Total Dictation" skill?

Activation phrases (phrases that can be used to launch a skill):

1. Read the total dictation

Brief description and overview of Alice’s “Total Dictation” skill

Alice reads the text in parts (it should be noted that the speech voice assistant practically indistinguishable from human ones). First, the voice assistant reads the entire sentence, then reads it in parts, and at the end, repeats the entire sentence again for verification. You can adjust the writing speed yourself using the “Next” or “Repeat” command.

For those who want to test themselves after the dictation, look for the text dictated by Alice at the bottom of this article.

Skill author

Devices on which the skill works

The “Total Dictation” skill is available in the Alice application on mobile phones, on the computer. This skill is not available in Yandex Navigator.

Text of the Total Dictation read by Alice

Part 2. Day

...Over the years of teaching, each of which resembled the previous one and did not stand out in anything special, Yakob Ivanovich became so accustomed to pronouncing the same words and reading out the same problems that he learned to mentally split in two inside his body: his tongue muttered the text of the next grammar rule, the hand clutched in it with a ruler sluggishly spanked the back of the head of the overly talkative student, the legs sedately carried the body around the class - from the department to the back wall, then back, back and forth. And the thought lay dormant, lulled by its own in your own voice and a measured shaking of the head in time with leisurely steps.

German speech was the only subject during which Bach's thought regained its former freshness and vigor. We started the lesson with oral exercises. The students were asked to tell something, Bach listened and translated: he turned short dialect phrases into elegant phrases of literary German. They moved slowly, sentence by sentence, word by word, as if they were walking somewhere in deep snow - trail after trail. Yakob Ivanovich did not like to tinker with the alphabet and calligraphy and, having finished with conversations, hurriedly moved the lesson towards the poetic part: poems poured generously onto young shaggy heads, like water from a basin on a bath day.

Bach was burned with a love for poetry in his youth. Then it seemed that he was not eating potato soup and sauerkraut, but only ballads and hymns. It seemed that he could feed everyone around them with them - that’s why he became a teacher. Until now, while reciting his favorite verses in class, Bach still felt a cool flutter of delight in his chest. The children did not share the teacher’s passion: their faces, usually playful or concentrated, with the first sounds poetic lines acquired a submissive, somnambulistic expression. German romanticism had a better effect on the class than a sleeping pill. Perhaps, reading poetry could be used to calm the unruly audience instead of the usual screams and blows with a ruler...