What aw. Unified State Exam

In connection with the widespread discussion of all the pros and cons of universally mandatory school exam, far from educational system people have a question: what is the Unified State Exam? This article will introduce you to the Unified State Exam.

The Unified State Exam is a form of universal control of knowledge for the secondary school course. general education. As mentioned above, the decoding of the abbreviation Unified State Examination is the Unified State Examination. On this type test work, graduates are offered tasks of a certain format in in writing. The exception is the Unified State Examination English language, which includes oral and written parts.

Russian and mathematics (basic level) are required. In addition, upon completion of grade 11, students can take any of the 14 general education subjects for admission to a university.

The exam is mandatory not only for all Russian citizens, but also for those who studied abroad. Certain groups of people are not allowed to take the Unified State Examination, including:

those who have academic debt;
students who did not pass the final essay;
not having annual grades in one or more general education subjects.

What does the exam affect?

In order to understand what the Unified State Exam is, you need to understand what depends on this exam.

First of all, the points earned on the Unified State Exam influence admission to universities and institutes. Each university independently selects additional subjects to take.

The disciplines of each direction are different. For example, for admission to Faculty of Medicine You need to pass, in addition to Russian language and mathematics, chemistry and biology. To apply for foreign philology, you must pass a foreign language and literature test (in some universities, social studies). On the official websites of universities you can find a list of subjects of all areas, arranged in order of priority. As a rule, the passing score of the Unified State Exam is directly dependent on the prestige of the university.

From 2019, scores for this exam will also influence the possibility of receiving a gold medal. Now graduates must score at least 270 points in three subjects to receive a medal.

What are the Unified State Examination tasks?

What is the Unified State Exam and what does this exam require from graduates?

The tasks of the compulsory exam are called CMM (control and measuring materials). They are compiled according to a specific model developed by FIPI. You can also find samples on the FIPI website Unified State Exam tests to practice the skills necessary to pass successfully. The exam contains both short-answer and long-answer tasks.

The options for Unified State Exam tasks are not the same in different regions. This is done to prevent job leakage. Unified State Exam options provided different regions, as a rule, are of the same type and identical in complexity.

Let's consider the format of tasks for the main exams - Russian and mathematics.

Mathematics is divided into basic and profile levels, but the profile is taken at will. Upon delivery profile level basic exam optional.

The Unified State Examination in basic level mathematics includes only a test part of 20 tasks. The answer to them is one or more numbers without separation signs or a decimal fraction. Basic level tasks are relatively simple and are aimed at testing the ability to apply knowledge school course in life situations.

Unified State Examination tasks in profile-level mathematics are divided into 2 parts depending on the level of complexity and format. The first part consists of 8 tasks with a short answer. The second part includes 4 tasks with a short answer and 7 with a detailed answer. Completing tasks with a detailed answer requires a complete recording of the solution with detailed justification.

The Unified State Examination in the Russian language is required for admission to any major. It consists of 24 tasks for choosing one of the proposed answers and one task with a detailed answer. Recording Unified State Exam tests on the answer form involves writing a word, number or sequence thereof without separating characters.

Second part of the Unified State Exam in the Russian language is an essay on this text with the involvement fiction from school curriculum.

Unified State Examination time

The standard period for taking the Unified State Exam is May-June. Most schoolchildren take it at this time. However, if you need to take the test ahead of schedule, you can do it in the early period, in April, or in the additional period, in May.

Certain groups of people have the right to surrender early. These include:

persons studying in evening schools who are called up for military service;
participants in sports competitions or olympiads;
those who need treatment;
people traveling urgently abroad.

During the additional period the Unified State Examination can be taken by:

graduates of previous years;
vocational education graduates;
foreigners.

Procedure for conducting the Unified State Exam

You must bring your passport with you to the exam. All personal belongings, except for a black gel pen for filling out forms and a passport, are left outside the classroom. To turn in some items you will need to bring a ruler, pencil or non-programmable calculator.

Every year, the conditions for passing the exam are becoming more stringent, and the Unified State Exam options are becoming more complicated, which is due to the reduction budget places in universities.

Take advantage of any electronic devices impossible: all applicants go through a metal detector. Even if the student did not use the cheat sheet, but the organizers noticed it, the exam results will be cancelled. An attempt to cheat may result in a retake in a year.

A certain amount of time is allotted for performing a CMM, which depends on specific subject. This period includes both completing tasks and transferring them to special forms. Experts do not check drafts. After the allotted period of time, the organizer takes the form from the graduate.

The exam differs from the usual regular knowledge control in that the test takers perform tasks under online video surveillance. This decision was made to ensure a fair assessment of each student's knowledge.

You should not pay attention to the cameras during the exam, this will only cause unnecessary anxiety. For those who independently and honestly complete tasks, observation is not scary.

In addition to all of the above, if you have a medical certificate, you can bring medications or food into the classroom.

How should a graduate behave during the Unified State Exam?

There are some rules for student behavior during the Unified State Exam, familiarization with which will help you avoid problems during the exam. Lenders are strictly prohibited from:

bring personal items into the classroom (phones, textbooks, cheat sheets, etc.);
talk to other alumni;
change seats;
exchange things;
leaving class without permission.

Unified State Examination test

Each student's work is anonymous. Each graduate is assigned a code, which he must enter on the form.

Samples of work are checked by expert teachers according to clear criteria, which can also be found on the FIPI website. Verification is carried out by three experts. In case of disagreement, the task will be charged GPA.

Grading system

Exam results vary by subject as each exam has its own grading scale. To overcome this difference, the system converts the primary scores into secondary scores (on a 100-point scale) when assigning results. The translation is carried out in the order shown in the picture.

If a graduate has doubts about the accuracy of the expert review, he can file an appeal. The work will be sent for manual review of all assignments. However, it is worth remembering that when checking again, you can either gain additional points or lose them.

The assessment system sets a certain threshold for each subject, which determines whether the graduate has minimum knowledge for the course of the school curriculum. If the threshold is not met, the student is given the opportunity to retake the exam on reserve days. If you receive a grade below satisfactory in two compulsory subjects, you can retake it only after a year.

Of course, in order to avoid stress and save yourself from surprises during the exam, you need to not only clearly understand what the Unified State Examination is, but also regularly devote time to systematic preparation. Then the exam tasks will not seem so scary.

MOSCOW, May 18 – RIA Novosti. Level Russian education in history it is necessary to improve, but the compulsory Unified State Examination will create an additional burden on school graduates, professional communities should enter into constructive discussions on this matter, believes Evgeniy Yamburg, Honored Teacher of the Russian Federation, Academician of the Russian Academy of Education.

Earlier, the head of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Olga Vasilyeva, announced that the Unified State Examination in history will become mandatory in 2020.

Yamburg, in a conversation with RIA Novosti, recalled that famous historian and journalist Nikolai Svanidze “was horrified” when future master’s students at the Faculty of Journalism were unable to answer basic history questions related to the First and Second World Wars. “And here you can understand that, of course, without this there is no culture. And it is clear that this must be strengthened,” Yamburg said.

“Many universities, even seemingly specialized ones, have switched to social studies, and there is no entrance exam in history. And in this situation, of course, history has become quite bad,” the expert added.

However, the academician noted that the exam will cause additional load for graduates. "Any additional exam increases the workload. This is obvious. And here the question arises. We will never abolish either the Russian language or mathematics. This is obvious. It is also planned to introduce a compulsory exam in foreign language. Here again we need to show measured patience. Measure seven times and cut once. And I think that professional communities should discuss this and enter into constructive discussions,” Yamburg said.

He also noted that another problem is that despite the accepted historical and cultural standard, it is not yet completely clear how teachers should teach controversial and difficult moments history. "We each have our own story today. Representatives different generations can confess absolutely different views. And in this confusion the teacher finds himself in a very difficult situation", says Yamburg.

“Today we each have our own history. Representatives of different generations can profess completely different views. And in this confusion, the teacher finds himself in a very difficult position,” says Yamburg.

At the same time, the academician noted that the mandatory exam is planned to be introduced only in three years, so there is time to make an informed decision and slowly come to a consensus.

Heated debates and discussions have been going on for several years. Not everyone agrees with the format and results of this exam. But the Ministry of Education remains adamant and is not going to cancel the Unified State Exam. Let's find out more about when and why it appeared

When was the Unified State Exam introduced in Russia?

Many school and university graduates remember the times when exams were ticketed and there was no testing. It seems that the Unified State Exam appeared quite recently. But this is not true at all. To answer the question in what year the Unified State Exam was introduced, you need to look into the history of the entire education system.

Back in the last century, at the end of the 80s, the first prerequisites appeared. It was then that they noticed that there was a large gap in the requirements for final and entrance exams. Universities made more serious demands. Therefore, yesterday's student could not cope with the entrance examinations.

So, in what year was the Unified State Exam introduced? Facts state that the first attempts were made already in 1997. In some schools, graduates could voluntarily participate in testing experiments.

It is difficult to say for sure in what year the Unified State Exam was introduced. Development and implementation were carried out gradually.

The first developments appeared in 1999. The implementation of the idea was not delayed for long. And already in 2001 an experiment was organized. It was joined not only by schools, but also by some educational institutions that accepted the Unified State Examination result as an alternative to traditional entrance tests for schoolchildren.

Several regions were chosen as experimental ones. 30 thousand people took part in the first tests. Approximately 50 state universities began to accept the Unified State Examination certificate issued at school, instead of entrance examinations.

If we count from the moment the experiment was introduced, the answer to the question in what year the Unified State Exam was introduced will be simple: in 2001.

In 2001-2008 there was no uniform list of subjects to be taken in Unified State Examination form. Each region compiled the list independently.

In 2002 year of the Unified State Exam was still an experiment, but by that time the number of its participants included 8,400 schools and 117 universities.

In 2003, 18.5 thousand schools conducted final exams in the form of the Unified State Exam, and 245 universities accepted certificates from applicants.

If we talk about when the Unified State Exam was introduced as a mandatory exam, we can remember 2004. It was then that the experiment was considered successful and they started talking about plans for its widespread distribution. At the same time, no one took into account the opinions of the dissatisfied, who spoke out sharply against the Unified State Exam.

It lasted for several more years, until in 2009 amendments to the law “On Education” were adopted. It was from this moment that the Unified State Exam was recognized as mandatory. Even for those who, after graduating from school, did not plan to continue their studies at a university.

Now you know when the Unified State Exam was introduced.

Who introduced the unified exam?

The idea to introduce the Unified State Exam in Russia belongs to the head of the Ministry of Education in 1998-2004. In his opinion, the Unified State Exam will not only provide a high-quality test of knowledge, but also defeat corruption, which flourished under traditional form exams, when their result depended on one or more teachers.

Why was the Unified State Exam introduced?

Due to the abundance of teaching methods and school aids, testing knowledge has become more difficult. Therefore, it was necessary to develop a unified testing system and ensure the same level basic knowledge, with which graduates leave school.

One more important reason the introduction of the Unified State Exam, as we have already mentioned, is to combat corruption. Previously, with a traditional exam, the result depended on the teacher, which contributed to the increase in the number of bribes. After all, every graduate wanted to get the highest score in the certificate. The results of the Unified State Exam are assessed not by the teacher, but by a machine that cannot be bribed.

Affordable education

One more global problem The problem that the Unified State Examination is designed to combat is related to admissions. Previously, the exam had to be taken both at school and at university. Now it is enough to pass the Unified State Exam once, receive a certificate and present it to the university admissions committee.

Now in prestigious establishment Even schoolchildren from the regions can make it. Previously they did not have this opportunity. To enter a university, you had to hire a tutor or attend preparatory courses.

The first analogue of the Unified State Exam was introduced in France in the 60s. The French colonies in Africa gained independence, and there were a lot of African immigrants in the country. Their level of education was extremely low, but, nevertheless, the children of immigrants needed to study, and the French authorities met them halfway by greatly simplifying the exam system. Test surveys were introduced final exam combined with entrance to the university.

Very soon, numerous demonstrations and protests began in France: the people did not accept the new system, believing that it would lead to the “dumbing down” of the nation. The confrontation did not last long: after three years, the government, having assessed the results of the new policy, abandoned the innovations.

However, such a system has taken root quite successfully in America. It is less expensive and very convenient. Now the idea of “2 exams in 1” has started to become widespread all over the world.

Unified State Exam in Russia

The first prototypes of the Unified State Exam began to appear in Russia in 1997. Some schools began conducting experiments on voluntary testing of graduates.

The author of the idea of the Unified State Exam in Russia was Vladimir Filippov, who headed the Ministry of Education from 1998 to 2004. It was he who began a large-scale reform of domestic education: Russia’s accession to the Bologna process with the division higher education for bachelor's and master's degrees, creation of new educational standards. One of the necessary conditions for this process was the introduction of new ways to assess the knowledge of schoolchildren.

The Unified State Exam was supposed to eliminate corruption in schools and universities and ensure effective verification knowledge of graduates (the standard five-point scale has not been able to cope with this task for a long time). That is why a test form was chosen, with which an impartial machine works. In addition, the state exam was supposed to make higher education truly accessible to children from the regions.

“You can enter all elite and most other universities only through tutoring at a given university, or through paid courses at it, or through targeted admission, which they implement, or through “contractual” schools that Moscow and St. Petersburg universities have.” , Filippov asserted.

In 1999, the Federal Testing Center of the Ministry of Education and Science was created. Objective: development of a testing system in the country, as well as monitoring the quality of knowledge of students in Russian educational institutions.

Under the leadership of the director of the center, Vladimir Khlebnikov, the idea, technology and methodology for conducting the Unified State Exam were developed, as well as its software and scaling of test results. At the same time, the basis for compiling KIMs was formed, and issues of coordinating information and technological support for the exam were resolved.

In 2000, the order of the Government of the Russian Federation designated new plan development of education: “The phased transition to normative per capita financing of higher professional education provides for the development of technology for conducting the Unified State Final Exam and its subsequent legislative consolidation.”

The implementation of the new plan began almost immediately. However, it was impossible to foresee all possible obstacles and pitfalls in advance. The Unified State Exam has undergone many changes during its existence. Its development was carried out in several conventional stages.

Stage 2001-2003

“On the organization of an experiment on the introduction of a unified state exam” dated February 16, 2001
"About participation educational institutions secondary vocational education in the experiment on the introduction of a unified state exam" dated April 5, 2002.

Experimental regions were selected where the Unified State Exam was held for the first time in eight subjects: the Republic of Chuvashia, Mari El, Yakutia, Samara and Rostov regions. More than 30 thousand people took part and about 50 state universities in eight academic disciplines.

Before the start of the experiment, a large-scale campaign was launched to support the unified state exam. First of all, it was carried out active work to inform the population through the media, conferences and trainings were held for teachers, special classes in schools. At the same time, a powerful anti-corruption movement began throughout the entire education system.

The specific list of subjects for which the Unified State Exam was held in 2001-2008 was established by each region independently.

In 2002, the experiment to introduce a unified state exam took place in 16 regions of the country. It was taken by graduates of 8,400 schools; admission based on grades obtained on the Unified State Exam was carried out in 117 universities.

In 2003, 47 regions took part in the experiment, and in 11 of them, graduates took the Unified State Exam in all nine subjects of the school curriculum. 18.5 thousand took the exam. Russian schools.

The number of universities that recruited students based on exam results increased significantly - to 245. The experiment included including, and some medical schools, as well as universities that train specialists in the field of culture and sports.

In short, the Unified State Exam was spreading very actively throughout the country. Already in 2004 - maximum in 2005 - the experiment was considered successful and they planned to make it mandatory.

Results

However, not everything was smooth sailing.

Voices of protest against the introduction of the Unified State Exam were loud. Many scientific and cultural figures, teachers, schoolchildren, and their parents were dissatisfied. Pointed out the main disadvantages of the Unified State Exam. It was argued that testing, in principle, is not capable of revealing the level of knowledge, and the learning process turns into “training” for an exam. Also, many spoke about the exorbitant complexity of tasks for schoolchildren, and general increase load on students.

According to many, with this form of certification there was no individual approach to schoolchildren, the difference in their learning conditions was not taken into account.

In addition, many prestigious (and not so prestigious) universities did not take into account Unified State Exam results, so graduates had to endure a double load of exams.

Based on the results of the trial Unified State Examination, it was concluded that the regulatory framework requires significant improvements and modifications. A lot of problems arose with the work of examination commissions, filing appeals, and enrollment in universities.

In addition, problems were identified with the organization of the exam, both with the order of the procedure itself, and with the delivery and processing of results. But most of all the complaints were raised by questions and Unified State Exam assignments.

Stage 2004-2006

Innovations

The task was set: within three years to solve the main Unified State Exam problem- reducing the burden on graduates by completely combining final and entrance exams. To achieve this, the number of universities accepting applicants based on the results of the Unified State Exam was significantly increased.

In 2004, 65 regions of Russia took the exam, the number of universities and colleges increased to 946 and 1,530, respectively. The number of general education subjects in which the Unified State Exam was taken has increased. In 2006, 950 thousand schoolchildren in 79 regions of Russia took the Unified State Exam.

Since 2004, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation has taken part in an experiment on enrolling cadets in the first courses of military universities based on the results of passing the Unified State Exam, and in 2005 introduced the State final certification V new form(GIA) for graduates of Suvorov military, Nakhimovsky naval schools and cadet corps.

An important improvement was the ability correspondence admission graduates from several universities at the same time. Moreover, it was possible to send documents to an unlimited number of educational institutions (from those that counted the results of the Unified State Exam). Funding for the project has increased even more. The procedure for conducting the Unified State Exam has been significantly improved.

Testing for graduates began to be carried out in two stages: immediately after graduation (in May-June) and a month later. This was introduced so that schoolchildren still have enough strength for the exam, as well as time to send their results to more educational institutions.

Results

Of all the subjects of the Russian Federation, only Nizhny Novgorod region categorically refused to participate in the Unified State Examination experiment. Residents of Nizhny Novgorod explained this by saying that the Unified State Examination is incorrect in its essence, and their exam will be held only after the relevant government decisions in the normal mode, when it is legalized.

By 2005, it was not possible to complete the experiment, and it was decided to make the Unified State Exam mandatory by 2008. A resolution was issued: to complete the Russian Government project “On the phased introduction of a unified state exam on the territory of the Russian Federation” as soon as possible, and also to determine approaches to creating an all-Russian quality assessment system education.

However, there was serious problem with the introduction of the Unified State Exam in creative universities. The rectors of the largest educational institutions categorically spoke out against the introduction of the Unified State Exam. True, the state exam did not cancel the creative competition, and applicants continued to take these disciplines in the same order. However, the majority of basic general education subjects (Russian language, literature, mathematics) creative universities already counted according to the results of the Unified State Examination. The most important events took place in the capital dramatic changes: The Moscow Department of Education has obliged all educational institutions related to the arts to allocate 50% of specialties for applicants entering based on the results of the Unified State Exam. Literally only a few were able to bypass this decision.

However, despite the apparent success of the Unified State Exam, discontent still did not subside. Another problem has been added to the old ones: inconsistency Unified State Exam requirements and school curriculum.

The main opponent of the introduction of the Unified State Exam, the rector of Moscow State University Viktor Sadovnichy, called the state exam “a forge of mediocrity.” His point of view was shared by almost all rectors of large universities in Russia. But then Vladimir Putin in his message Federal Assembly clearly spoke out on the importance of a transparent procedure for state testing of knowledge, meaning by this specifically the Unified State Exam.

Stage 2007-2009

Innovations

In 2007, the Federal Law “On Amendments to the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”, the Federal Law “On Higher and Postgraduate Education” was adopted. vocational education" and Art. 2 of the Federal Law “On Amendments to Certain legislative acts Russian Federation in connection with improving the division of powers."

Until 2009, the procedure for conducting the Unified State Exam remained the same. The Regulations on the Unified State Examination, approved by order of the Ministry of Education seven years ago, continued to be in full force. The new amendments established in Russia until January 1, 2009 a transition period for the introduction of the Unified State Exam in full throughout Russia. They contained significant changes during the Unified State Examination.

First of all, school medals and SVE diplomas with honors lost their validity, and their holders were deprived of benefits: now they had to take the Unified State Examination general conditions. However total number beneficiaries increased significantly: without competition, subject to successful passing of the exam, not only orphans and children left without parental care, persons under the age of 23 (as previously decided), but also children of military personnel who died in the line of duty could enter universities. responsibilities military service or when participating in counter-terrorism operations. In addition, without entrance examinations, champions of the Olympic, Paralympic and Deaflympic Games received the right to enter training in areas of training (specialties) in the field physical culture and sports.

Also, the Federal Law of February 9, 2007 significantly expanded the number of Olympiads, according to the results of which a school graduate can be admitted to a higher educational institution with a minimum score on the Unified State Exam. From now on, their list will be approved annually by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.

Also, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, together with Rosobrnadzor, began the active development of additional legal acts regulating the issues of conducting the Unified State Examination and State Examination among graduates.

Has been installed specific date: before April 1, all colleges and universities must announce a list of specialties and forms of study for which admission was announced based on the results of the Unified State Examination, and a list of entrance tests. And on May 1, the admission rules should be fully published.

In 2008, over a million students in all regions took the Unified State Exam. The number of subjects of the Russian Federation where the Unified State Exam was held increased to 92 regions, and 1,650 universities and 2,000 colleges began accepting students based on the exam results.

On January 1, 2009, amendments to the laws “On Education” and “On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education” came into force, which declared the Unified State Examination mandatory for all graduates, regardless of whether they intend to continue their studies at a university or not. The state exam has also become mandatory for students in Russian schools. foreign citizens, stateless persons, refugees and internally displaced persons.

The Unified State Exam 2009 has been significantly transformed. In addition to the above points, other changes have been introduced. First of all, he began to play main role upon admission to university. The results of passing the Unified State Examination at school began to be counted as entrance exams at the same time.

To receive a certificate, schoolchildren had to pass only two compulsory exams - in the Russian language and mathematics, and to enter a university - four. Additional exams were determined depending on the university’s admission requirements, however, the results of entrance tests in the Russian language were mandatory for admission to all specialties.

Some universities (namely 24) have received permission from the government to conduct their own additional tests for some specialties. Additional tests were organized in creative and professional specialties that require special creative, physical or psychological qualities.

Also, each university is now required to set its own passing threshold before accepting applications. This is necessary in order to make it easier for those applicants whose scores are not high enough to choose an educational institution.

Documents for admission to a university could now be sent by mail, which made it much easier for graduates to enroll.

It has become more difficult to obtain admission to the Unified State Exam: now it is not enough just to complete 11th grade - you had to write a final test in mathematics and an essay in Russian for a positive grade.

The points received on the state exam no longer affect the final grades that are included in the certificate. However, if a graduate passes both mandatory exams unsatisfactorily, he is issued a certificate of study at the school, and is given the right to retake the exam only after a year.

The problem with recalculation and scaling of Unified State Exam results has been resolved: the conversion of points into grades has been cancelled. Now, upon graduating from school, a graduate received a separate certificate of passing the Unified State Exam and a certificate. Unified State Examination results are valid until December 31 of the year following the passing of the exam.

Results

Admission campaign, which usually took place quietly until the end of July, in 2009 ended only at the beginning of the school year. The main problem was the ability to apply to an unlimited number of universities and three “waves” of admission. Because of this, huge confusion and many scandals arose.

Difficulties also arose due to the fact that many applicants could not pick up the original documents for admission to the chosen university, since they had already been enrolled in another.

A lot of discontent arose due to the “influx” of applicants from the preferential category. The first list of state employees consisted almost entirely of applicants entering without competition. As a result, people with high scores The Unified State Examination was faced with the need to either wait for the second wave or submit original documents to other universities. Successful applicants with good results Unified State Examination students were often unable to enter the desired university.

The problem of applicants’ uncertainty in their choice also emerged: they applied for a wide variety of areas, without gravitating towards any specific one. This created difficulties not only during enrollment, but also during further education.

2010

Innovations

KIMs in mathematics and literature have undergone some changes. This was preceded by the collapse of graduates in the previous year's exam: 25% of schoolchildren wrote an unsatisfactory grade in the mathematics exam. As for literature, the main problem was the impossibility objective assessment such an abstract, sometimes intuitive subject in test form. Math problems were transformed into more specific, everyday ones. The new tests required not only knowledge of formulas and rules, but also the ability to use them in practice, understanding the subject itself.

Graduates who graduated from high school before January 1, 2009, i.e., before the Unified State Examination became mandatory, were given a choice. Now, when entering a university full-time department may not take the Unified State Exam, but take exams in the traditional form. Previously, this was allowed only to those who enrolled in correspondence and evening courses at universities.

The number of stages of admission to universities has decreased from three to two. This made it possible to timely determine whether the applicant scored the required number of points to enter the chosen university. The right of a student to pick up his documents from the admissions office of one university and send them to another, where he was admitted in the second wave, was strictly observed. Moreover, all this could be done within one day.

Universities received the right to establish minimum threshold points not only in the core, but also in all other subjects.

The target intake was reduced by 10%. In addition, it became topical issue about its abolition in the humanities, where there are too many graduates: lawyers, economists, managers, etc.

A new rule was also legislatively approved: this year applications could be submitted to no more than five universities, and no more than three directions in each.

To avoid repetition conflict situations, often arising due to the lack necessary information, the government obliged all universities to publish on their websites by February 1 own rules admission, areas of training, list of entrance tests.

Results

According to the All-Russian Society for the Protection of the Rights of Consumers of Educational Services and the Department of Economic Security of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, in 2010, due to the mandatory state exam, the volume of corruption in education increased. Moreover, bribery has moved from universities to the school level. This became one of the main arguments of opponents of the introduction of the Unified State Exam in Russia.

Creative universities continue to defend their right to admit applicants not on the basis of Unified State Examination results, but on the basis of their own exams. There are those who succeed: Conservatory named after. P.I. Tchaikovsky, State Music College named after. Gnesins, RATI and the Moscow Art Theater School.

However, in most creative universities, the Unified State Examination results for at least one of the exams are taken into account. True, for now the state exam does not cancel traditional entrance tests.

At the same time, many educational institutions find a way to “bypass” the Unified State Exam. For example, higher drama schools them. Shchepkina and them. Shchukin's state exam scores are counted only for essays, and then only for citizens of CIS countries. Medalists are given the opportunity to choose: present the results of the Unified State Exam or write an essay directly during the exam.

Limiting the number of educational institutions where documents could be submitted played a positive role: the rush and panic of 2009 was avoided. The admissions campaign went smoothly and quite successfully.

Another problem has arisen. In the context of an emerging demographic crisis, many universities began to reduce the passing grade in many specialties, as a result of which, often, they recruited not very well prepared students. This problem is most pressing now, since there are fewer and fewer graduates every year. The Ministry of Education and Science has focused its attention, first of all, on resolving this issue.

The introduction of the Unified State Exam and its evolution over almost 10 years made it clear that neither the Russian Government, nor the Ministry of Education and Science, nor the scientific community consider this form of knowledge assessment to be perfect. Every year the Unified State Exam has changed and will continue to change until it suits all participants in the educational process.

Stage 2011-2014

Innovations

In 2011, the rules for admission to universities for winners and prize-winners of this year's Olympiads changed. They could use their benefits to enter only one university, and go to the rest through a general competition based on the results of the Unified State Exam.

In 2012, in the Unified State Examination in history, part “C” introduced the task “ Historical portrait" The essence of the task: choose one of the three proposed historical figures and briefly talk about him in the form of a mini-essay.

In addition, new, more complex options have appeared in part “B”. If previously it was enough to correctly compare a date and a person, now a historical event has also been added.”

The Unified State Examination in mathematics included problems in the section “Probability and Statistics” and assignments in the geometry course. The number of tasks in KIMs in computer science has also changed: in the first part their number was reduced from 18 to 13, in the second part it was increased from 10 to 15. The number of tasks in the sections “Elements of the Theory of Algorithms” and “Modeling and Computer Experiment” increased, became fewer tasks in the sections “Number systems” and “Fundamentals of logic”.

In KIMs on literature, new tasks for choosing the correct answer from the proposed options have been introduced into the block of the basic level of complexity, but the total number of tasks remains the same.

During the Unified State Examination in 2013, more than 150 fragments of examination tasks were identified on the Internet in the public domain. In addition, almost 2 thousand groups in social networks 11th grade graduates solved assignments online for everyone for a small fee.

Because of this it appeared large number fake “stobalniks”. As a result, the children who suffered were those who studied honestly throughout their entire period of schooling and relied only on their knowledge. Because of fake “stubble money”, many students were unable to enroll in state-funded departments at the universities they planned to attend. And they were forced to either postpone higher education or go to study on a commercial basis.

In November 2013, a letter from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation “On the validity of the Unified State Exam results” was published, which stated that the results of the unified state exam for admission to undergraduate and specialist programs are valid for four years following the year in which such results were obtained.

Results

Due to the fact that in 2013 there was a massive leak of KIMs for the state exam, Rosobrnadzor set the task of “working on the mistakes” so that in 2014 the Unified State Exam would be held on equal terms for all graduates.

In 2014, Rosobrnadzor plans to carry out a number of activities that will help avoid leaks of CIMs. For this purpose, an increase in examination materials and the number of options will be made. Each time zone will have its own versions of testing and measuring materials.

CTs will be delivered to the regions not three days before the exam, as before, but one day before. It is planned to place them in special storage facilities with a video surveillance system.

In addition, graduates of 2014 will have to take the Unified State Exam under the surveillance of video cameras that will be installed in classrooms and corridors. It is expected that cellular signal jammers will be installed in classrooms.

Innovations in the Unified State Exam 2015

An oral part in foreign languages has been added. This section can be included at the request of the participant.
For individual achievements Schoolchildren could receive up to 10 points towards their Unified State Examination results.
The admission to the Unified State Exam was the essay, which was conducted in December. Grading - pass/fail. Upon admission, the university could evaluate the essay - up to a maximum of 10 points for the Unified State Examination.
The test part of the Unified State Exam in Russian has been removed. For other subjects - a reduction in multiple-choice tasks.
In CMMs, the division into blocks (A, B, C) was removed, and simple numbering remained.
Division of the Unified State Examination in mathematics into basic and specialized levels.
Most of the tasks are planned to be taken from open bank. In the future, the formation of CIMs will be 100% from an open bank.
TO early delivery The Unified State Examination will be open to everyone - students and graduates of previous years.
The Unified State Examination can be retaken this year.
The Unified State Exam can be taken after 10th grade.

Innovations in the Unified State Exam 2016

Russian language.

All the main characteristics of the examination work are generally preserved. Selection expanded language material for completing tasks 7 and 8. The wording of task 25 has been clarified. The evaluation criteria for task 25 have been clarified.

Mathematics.

Basic level There are no changes in the structure and content of the examination paper.

Profile level Two tasks are excluded from the first part: a practice-oriented task of a basic level of complexity and a task on stereometry of an increased level of complexity. Maximum primary score decreased from 34 to 32 points.

Story.

Tasks with a choice of one answer out of four (1–21 according to 2015 numbering) and a task to establish correspondence (24) were excluded from the work. New tasks for establishing correspondence have been added to part 1 of the work: knowledge of dates (2 according to 2016 numbering); on knowledge of basic facts, processes, phenomena (5); to work with text historical source(6); on knowledge of the basic facts of cultural history (17); assignment on the history of the Great Patriotic War to fill in the gaps in sentences (8), as well as a task with a short answer to work with a historical source for the 20th century. (10). From part 2 of the examination paper, the task to test the ability to present the results of historical and cognitive activity in free form(40 according to 2015 numbering). A new task has been added that involves writing a historical essay on a certain period of Russian history. In part 1 exam paper 2016 the location of tasks was changed: tasks are located in accordance with the principle of alternating activities. The writing time has been increased to 235 minutes.

Biology, literature.

There are no changes to the structure and content of the examination paper.

Chemistry.

In Part 1 of the work, the format of six tasks of a basic level of complexity with a short answer has been changed. These are the following tasks: − No. 6, its implementation involves the use of generalized knowledge about classification and nomenclature inorganic substances. The result of completing the task is to identify three correct answers out of six proposed options; − No. 11 and No. 18, their implementation involves the use of generalized knowledge about genetic connection inorganic and organic substances. The result of completing the tasks is to identify two correct answers out of five proposed options. − No. 24, No. 25 and No. 26, the answer to these tasks is a number with a given degree of accuracy (instead of the number of the correct answer in the 2015 work). Also in part 1 of the work, the format of two tasks of an increased level of complexity has been changed - No. 34 and No. 35, which test the assimilation of knowledge of characteristic chemical properties hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing organic compounds. In the 2016 paper, these tasks are presented in the format of matching tasks (in the 2015 paper, these were multiple choice tasks).
Based on an analysis of the 2015 Unified State Exam results, adjustments were made regarding the distribution of tasks by level of complexity and types of skills and methods of activity being tested. Thus, in particular, the expediency of checking the assimilation of the content element “ Chemical equilibrium; shift of equilibrium under the influence of various factors” only with tasks of an increased level of complexity. At the same time, the acquisition of knowledge of the characteristic chemical properties of nitrogen-containing organic compounds and biological important substances– only at a basic level.

Spanish, German, French, English.

Social science.

The structure of the examination work has been optimized: – the logic of the structure of part 1 has been brought into line with the logic of part 2: tasks are focused on testing certain skills (requirements for the level of graduates’ training) various elements content; – from Part 1 of the work, tasks with a short answer in the form of one number corresponding to the number of the correct answer are excluded; as a result of task regrouping various types total quantity Part 1 tasks were reduced by 7 tasks. As a result, the total number of work tasks was reduced by 7 tasks (29 instead of 36). The maximum primary score for completing all work has not changed (62).

Physics.

The structure of the Unified State Exam KIM in 2016 was left unchanged. For task lines 2–5, 8–10 and 11–16, the range of controlled content elements has been expanded.

Informatics.

The 2016 CMM model has changed slightly compared to the 2015 CMM. The sequence of presentation of tasks 1–5 was changed. The number of tasks and the maximum primary score remained unchanged.

Changes in the testing and measuring materials of the Unified State Exam-2017.

Russian language.
Mathematics (basic and specialized levels).
Geography.
Informatics.
Literature.

Foreign languages: there are no changes in structure or content.
The wording of task 3 of the oral part of the exam has been clarified.

History: no changes in structure or content.
The maximum score for completing tasks 3 and 8 has been changed (2 points instead of 1).
The wording of task 25 and the criteria for its assessment have been improved

Social studies: no significant changes.
The structure of the block of tasks in Part 1, which tests the content of the “Law” section, is unified according to the model of the structure of blocks that test the content of other sections of the course: task 17 was added to select the correct judgments, the numbering of tasks 18 (formerly 17), 19 (formerly 18) was changed. Task 19 in the form in which it existed in the CMM of previous years is excluded from the work.

Biology: significant changes.

Tasks with a choice of one answer are excluded from the examination work.
The number of tasks has been reduced from 40 to 28.
The maximum primary score was reduced from 61 in 2016 to 59 in 2017.
The duration of the examination work has been increased from 180 to 210 minutes.
Part 1 includes new types of tasks that differ significantly in type educational activities: filling in the missing elements of a diagram or table, finding the correctly indicated symbols in the figure, analysis and synthesis of information, including that presented in the form of graphs, diagrams and tables with statistical data.

Chemistry: significant changes.

The structure of Part 1 of CMM has been fundamentally changed: tasks with a choice of one answer have been eliminated; tasks are grouped into separate thematic blocks, each of which contains tasks of both basic and increased levels complexity.
The total number of tasks has been reduced from 40 (in 2016) to 34.
The rating scale has been changed (from 1 to 2 points) for completing tasks at a basic level of complexity, which test the assimilation of knowledge about the genetic connection of inorganic and organic substances (9 and 17).
The maximum initial score for completing the work as a whole will be 60 points (instead of 64 points in 2016).

Physics: significant changes.
The structure of part 1 of the examination paper has been changed, part 2 has been left unchanged.
Tasks with a choice of one correct answer have been excluded from the examination work and tasks with a short answer have been added.

Changes in the testing and measuring materials of the Unified State Exam-2018

Mathematics (basic and specialized level)
Geography
Story
Biology

significant changes.

The examination paper in the Russian language includes a basic level task (No. 20), testing knowledge lexical norms modern Russian literary language;
The maximum initial score for completing all work has been increased from 57 to 58.

significant changes.

The requirements for completing tasks 9 and 16 have been clarified (the requirement to justify the choice of an example for comparison has been cancelled);
The fourth topic of the essay has been introduced (17.4). 3) The criteria for assessing the completion of tasks with a detailed answer (8, 9, 15, 16, 17) have been completely redesigned;
The maximum score for the entire work has been increased from 42 to 57 points.

significant changes.

The assessment system for task 28 has been reworked;
The wording of task 29 has been detailed and the system of its assessment has been changed;
The maximum initial score for completing all work has been increased from 62 to 64.

Computer Science and ICT:

In task 25, the ability to write an algorithm in natural language was removed due to the lack of demand for this option by exam participants;
Examples of program texts and their fragments in tasks 8, 11, 19, 20, 21, 24, 25 in the C language have been replaced with examples in the C++ language, as it is much more relevant and widespread.

Foreign languages:

There are no changes to the CMM structure.

The criteria for assessing the completion of tasks 39 and 40 have been clarified.

significant changes.

One high-level task (No. 30) with a detailed answer has been added. By changing the scoring of tasks in part 1;
The maximum primary score for completing all work remained unchanged (60).

significant changes.

One basic level task (#24) has been added to Part 1, testing elements of astrophysics;
The maximum primary score for completing all work has been increased from 50 to 52 points.

Innovations in the Unified State Exam 2019

In 2019, school graduates will be required to choose one of two when applying for participation in the Unified State Exam. Unified State Exam levels By mathematics: either basic or profile.

If a graduate fails the Unified State Exam in mathematics, he can replace the previously chosen level and take it again on reserve days. And those who did not pass the profile level even on reserve days will be able to pass the basic level to receive a certificate in September.

In 2019 graduates of previous years Those who already have a certificate cannot take basic level mathematics.

Since 2017 test part tasks The Unified State Exam is excluded from almost all testing and measuring materials. To the previously excluded test parts, the exclusion of the test part from the Unified State Examination tasks in three more subjects has been added: physics, biology and chemistry. Exam participants must enter the answer themselves, and not choose it from those proposed.

In 2019, for the first time, the Unified State Examination will be conducted according to Chinese language . It will become the fifth language of choice for Unified State Examination participants, along with English, German, French and Spanish.

In 2019 certificate with honors will be awarded to those graduates who have final marks “excellent” in all academic subjects, have successfully passed the state final certification, and also passed the Unified State Examination in Russian language and specialized-level mathematics with at least 70 points or 5 points on the Unified State Examination in basic-level mathematics.

Since 2019, the Unified State Exam has become the main form of state final certification for graduates of Crimea and Sevastopol.

Changes in the testing and measuring materials of the Unified State Exam-2019

In KIM, additional instructions and reminders have been introduced for all academic subjects for Unified State Examination participants to check the recording of answers on forms No. 1 and No. 2 under the corresponding task numbers. All changes in the Unified State Exam KIM are not of a fundamental nature. In most subjects, the wording of tasks is being clarified and the system of assessing tasks is being improved to increase the differentiating ability of examination work.

There are no changes in structure and content in the following subjects:

Mathematics (basic and specialized level);
Geography;
Physics;
Chemistry;
Computer Science and ICT.

The number of tasks in the examination paper has been increased from 26 to 27 due to the introduction of a new task (21), which tests the ability to conduct punctuation analysis of the text;
Changed the format of tasks 2, 9–12;
The range of tested spelling and punctuation skills has been expanded.
The difficulty level of individual tasks has been clarified;
The wording of task 27 with a detailed answer has been clarified;
The assessment criteria for task 27 have been clarified.

Literature:

corrections have been made to the assessment of tasks 8 and 15 (formulation of criterion 1 with a description of the requirements for an answer for 2 points, calculation rules factual errors in criterion 2),
in tasks 9 and 16 (criteria 1 and 2 take into account possible options flaws in the answer)
in tasks 17.1–17.4 (counting logical errors was added to criterion 4).

The wording was detailed and the assessment system for task 25 was revised;
The maximum score for completing task 25 has been increased from 3 to 4;
The wording of tasks 28, 29 has been detailed, and their assessment systems have been improved;
The maximum initial score for completing all work has been increased from 64 to 65.

Foreign languages:

The criteria for assessing the performance of task 40 of the “Writing” section in the written part of the exam have been clarified, as well as the wording of task 40, in which the exam participant is offered a choice of two topics for an extended written statement with elements of reasoning “My opinion”

TASS DOSSIER. On May 29, the main period of the Unified State Exam (USE) starts in Russia.

Graduates of Russian schools will take one of the non- compulsory subjects- geography or computer science (optional). Exams in compulsory disciplines will be held on May 31 (basic level mathematics), June 2 (professional level mathematics) and June 9 (Russian language). According to the approved schedule, the last exam - in chemistry or history - will be held on June 19. In addition, there are reserve exam days for all subjects. Until July 1 (inclusive) they will be able to undergo certification in additional periods Unified State Exam participants who received an unsatisfactory result in one of the compulsory subjects, as well as those who missed the exam due to illness or other valid reason.

Unified State Exam

The Unified State Exam in Russia is a system state certification graduates of secondary general educational institutions. The Unified State Exam serves as an entrance exam to Russian higher education institutions. Among the main goals of its introduction are the standardization of final exams in schools and the fight against corruption in admission to universities.

Introduction history

In Russia until the 2000s. Admission to universities was carried out according to exams, the programs of which were approved by the higher educational institutions themselves. This process was poorly controlled, and there was a problem of corruption in the selection committees. To remedy the situation, it was decided to create a system centralized testing, which would replace final exams in schools and admissions exams in universities.

On February 16, 2001, the Russian government issued a decree “On the organization of an experiment on the introduction of a unified state exam,” providing for the conduct of the Unified State Exam in the form of testing in 2001-2003. The initiator of the experiment was the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation (now the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Education and Science). Then the experiment was extended three times - for 2004, 2005 and 2006-2007. (by resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 29, 2003, March 2, 2005 and December 29, 2005, respectively).

For the first time, the unified state exam was held in 2001 as an experiment in five regions of Russia: the republics of Mari El, Chuvashia, Yakutia, as well as in Samara and Rostov regions. It was conducted in eight academic disciplines (or subjects), 33 thousand schoolchildren and about 50 state universities took part in the testing, 16 of which conducted entrance exams in the form of the Unified State Exam.

In 2002, 16 regions already participated in the experiment, in 2003 - 47, in 2004 - 65 (including Moscow and St. Petersburg for the first time), in 2005 - 78, in 2006. - 79.V last year During the experiment, in 2007, secondary school graduates from 82 constituent entities of the Russian Federation took the Unified State Exam (52 regions conducted the exam in almost all general education subjects, 23 in 3-7 subjects and seven in 1-2 subjects).

Introduction of compulsory Unified State Examination throughout Russia

On February 9, 2007, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed the federal law “On Amendments to the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” and the Federal Law “On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education” regarding the conduct of the Unified State Exam” (adopted by the State Duma of the Russian Federation on January 26, 2007 ., approved by the Federation Council on February 2, 2007).

The document provided for the introduction of the Unified State Exam throughout Russia by 2009. During transition period According to the law, in 2008 all school graduates took the state exam, but the regions themselves chose which disciplines to conduct certification in. Since 2009, the unified state exam has become the main mandatory form final certification for all schoolchildren in the Russian Federation, and its results - entrance exams for universities in relevant general education subjects.

Organization and procedure

The Unified State Exam is organized by Federal service for supervision in the field of education and science (Rosobrnadzor) together with the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of education.

The current procedure for conducting state final certification in educational programs secondary general education was approved on December 26, 2013 by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia ( latest changes entered January 9, 2017).

Items

Currently, the unified state exam is conducted in 14 general education subjects (disciplines).

In number compulsory disciplines includes Russian language and mathematics (includes basic and specialized levels). Passing them is necessary to obtain a certificate of complete secondary education.

Additional subjects that are optionally chosen include: biology, geography, history, literature, social studies, physics, chemistry, computer science and information and communication technologies (ICT), as well as foreign languages (written and oral parts) - English, German, French and Spanish. The decision to pass oral part in a foreign language (introduced in 2015) the examinee takes voluntarily. In addition, on a voluntary basis and by choice, you can take the Unified State Exam in your native language and literature from among the languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation.

Schoolchildren with disabilities health, disabled children have the right to choose the form of state final certification - the Unified State Exam or the state final exam. If selected Unified State Exam duration The exam for them can optionally be increased by 1.5 hours.

Assignments and points

When conducting the Unified State Exam throughout Russia, the same type of tasks and uniform methods for assessing the quality of work are used. Assignments for most subjects are test materials that include three blocks. In two of them, the examinee must select answer options or write a short answer on a form, which is then processed by a computer. The third block is checked by an expert commission. At the verification stage, all test tasks are anonymous. While at the experimental stage of introducing the Unified State Exam almost all subjects had a test part, by now the number of such subjects has greatly decreased.

Depending on the number of correct answers and the complexity of the task, the examinee receives points. To assess knowledge, a hundred-point system is used (for with the exception of the Unified State Exam in basic level mathematics), i.e. maximum number- 100. In order for the exam to be considered valid, you must receive a grade not lower than the minimum score, which is established by Rosobrnadzor for each subject.

Final essay

One of the mandatory conditions for admission to the Unified State Exam is to write a final essay (children with disabilities can write an essay instead); it was introduced in the 2014/2015 academic year. Eleventh-graders write essays on topics chosen by Rosobrnadzor in the first half of the school year - on the first Wednesday of December (with the possibility of retaking it in February and early May).

The results of the Unified State Exam and the final essay are valid for four years.

Admission to universities

For admission to universities, in addition to the required disciplines, the Unified State Exam is also taken in subjects required for specific specialties.

Higher education institutions may also establish additional examinations or creative competitions as entrance tests. Many universities award applicants additional points (but not more than 20) for individual achievements, for example, for a certificate with honors, for the status of winner of international olympiads in educational subjects and All-Russian Olympiad schoolchildren, prize-winner or champion of international sports competitions, volunteer activities, for passing the standards of the physical education complex “Ready for Labor and Defense” (GTO). In addition, universities may also take into account the results of the final essay (up to 10 points).

Unified State Exam 2016

In 2016, exams were held in all 85 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as in 52 countries of the near and far abroad. In the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol, as in 2015, the state final certification was organized at the choice of students and their parents - in the form of the Unified State Exam or traditional exams (voluntary passing the Unified State Exam in these regions it was also extended for 2017 and 2018).

Most popular additional subject became social studies, chosen by more than 59% of 11th grade graduates; in second place is physics (28%). History (22%) and biology (21%) were also popular. The number of graduates who scored 100 points in one or more subjects was 5.1 thousand (in 2014 there were 3.6 thousand).

18.9 thousand people took part in the early passing of the Unified State Exam, which took place from March 21 to April 23 (including reserve days), of which 17.3 thousand were graduates of 2016. During the main period of the Unified State Exam - from May 27 until June 30 (including reserve days) - more than 750 thousand people participated, of which more than 640 thousand were graduates of 2016. More than 5 thousand graduates with disabilities took exams in the form of the Unified State Exam (88% of the total number of such schoolchildren) , in 2015 there were fewer of them - 4.2 thousand.

Unified State Exam 2017

When conducting the Unified State Exam 2017, the test part in three subjects will be excluded - chemistry, biology and physics. The examinee will make the correct decision independently in almost all subjects; testing remains only for the foreign language exam. Like last year, to be certified in core subjects, you will need to score 24 points in the Russian language and 27 in mathematics at the profile level. To enter universities, you will need to have 36 points in the Russian language, and 27 points in specialized level mathematics.

The essay was written by the main deadline, December 7, 2016, by the majority of 2017 graduates. 618 thousand schoolchildren (about 98%) received a pass.

About 26.5 thousand people took part in the early passing of the Unified State Exam 2017, which took place from March 23 to April 14 (including reserve days). Mostly, the exams were taken by graduates of previous years who wished to improve their results in a particular subject.

Graduates of 2017 who received unsatisfactory results in compulsory subjects (Russian language and basic level mathematics) will be able to retake the state exam in the September additional stage (from September 5 to 16).

Future changes to the Unified State Exam

The possibility of introducing an oral part in the Russian language exam is currently being studied. Pilot testing of the oral part of the Unified State Exam in the Russian language was carried out in October 2016 among 9th grade graduates. Schoolchildren from three regions took part in it: the Moscow region, Tatarstan and the Chechen Republic.

A new model of the Unified State Examination in literature, in which tasks with a short unambiguous answer will be excluded (it is planned that it will consist only of creative tasks), will be introduced no earlier than 2018. Its first testing was carried out in April-May 2016 in 13 constituent entities of the Russian Federation (including Moscow and St. Petersburg), more than 1 thousand students out of 60 took part in it schools

Currently, Rosobrnadzor is working on the concept of the Unified State Exam in Chinese, for which the department has created working group to study the experience of organizing exams in China and other countries. In October 2015, the first testing was carried out among 3 thousand students in grades 8-11 from 16 Russian regions.

In 2020, among the mandatory Unified State Exam subjects it is planned to introduce history; a foreign language may become mandatory in 2022.

Violations

During the examination campaigns of previous years, numerous violations were recorded. Among the most common is opening exam packets with test tasks before the start of the Unified State Examination, the use of smartphones, tablets, etc. by students during the exam, posting answers to assignments on the Internet, taking the exam in another subject of the Russian Federation, etc.

To prevent violations, changes were made to the organizational scheme for conducting the Unified State Examination in 2014. Rosobrnadzor began to approve the chairmen of examination commissions (previously this was done by regional bodies). Each regional commission includes a representative of this supervisory agency with the powers of a federal inspector. Examination points and information processing centers are equipped with video surveillance equipment and metal detectors. In addition, online observation of exams is carried out (84% of classrooms were provided with it in 2016). It is planned that starting from 2019, printing and scanning of examination materials will be carried out directly at the Unified State Exam sites everywhere. These technologies began to be implemented in 2014, and in 2017 they will be used by more than 50% of state examination points.

In addition, the number of exam options for regions located in different time zones, which does not allow schoolchildren from the central part of Russia to use tasks that were in the Far East.

To ensure the objectivity of state certification, we also involve public observers. Thus, in 2016, the total number of experts involved was almost 60 thousand people. They supervised the conduct of the Unified State Examination, as well as selective state final certification of 9th grade graduates.